polio eradication programme training guide for …...polio eradication programme training guide for...

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Polio Eradication Programme

Training Guide for Capacity building of New C.M.C.

2 days Training Module

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Introduction of Guide

This guide has been prepared specially for the B.M.C so that they conduct induction

training of CMCs more efficiently and there is uniformity in SMNet training activities

across all districts.

Format of the guide

There are eleven sessions in this guide.

Session 1: Introductory Session

Session 2: UNICEF Social Mobilization Network – an Introduction

Session 3: Polio Eradication - Important Points

Session 4: C.M.C.’s Main Objectives, functions, Role and responsibilities

Session 5: Use of Baton Baton Mein (yellow book) during IPC and retention of Polio &

RI messages.

Session 6: how to use field book to record information of children.

Session 7 : How to conduct effective IPC and group meeting.

Session 8: Field exercise to practice Survey [Field] and counseling skills

Session 9: Booth Mobilization and IEC activities

Session 10: Work plan of C.M.C.

Session 11: Concluding session

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Details of the sessions:

Each session has following details:

• Objective of Session: written because the trainer has to ensure that all

participants have learnt the points well and can tell it to others.

• Time of the Session: For each session time has been mentioned.

• Methodology of the training: Methods to be used during training

• Material: All required material has been described

• Process of the session and Instruction: How to run the session has been

described.

• Points for discussion: all points to be discussed during the session.

• A few questions to assess the retention are also given at the end of session.

Resource Person for Training

The BMC is responsible for this training. There will be 2 BMCs for each batch and

sessions should be divided equally. In addition, relevant resource Person’s presence

Information to be used during sessions is given separately at the end in a box. The facilitators are advised to copy it on chart papers for easy presentation

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from time to time should also be ensured. Therefore, resource persons for this training

are as follows:

• Facilitator (BMC) • Medical Subject Expert (SMO/IO/Other Medical Officer) • DUC • SMC • SRTC/SRC

TRAINING SCHEDULE

Session Time Contents Methodology Material Required

Day One

1 9-00-10-00 Introductory

Session

Discussion in

large group,

Presentation,

Game, Song

Registration Form,

CMC Training Kit (Bag,

Chalrahi, Baton Baton

Mein, Field Book, Pen,

Pad, Pencil, Rubber,

Sharpner etc) Chits of

sayings in two parts (as

per no. of participants),

Pre Test Form (one for

each participant), White

Board, Marker, Chart

Paper, Already

prepared charts, Card

Sheet, Identity Card

prepared by SM Net

2 10-00 -10-

30

Unicef/Social

Mobilisation

Network – an

Presentation,

Discussion

Prepared Chart,

Marker, White Board,

Chart Paper, Reading

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introduction Material

3- 10-30 -11-

30

Polio Eradication –

Main Points

Presentation,

Discussion

Prepared Chart,



Material

11-30 -11-

45

Tea

4 11-45 - 01-

30

CMC- Roles &

Responsibilities

Presentation,

Discussion,

Demonstration

Prepared Chart,


Chart Paper, IEC

Material (Poster,

Sticker, Badge, Flags,

Banner etc)

01-30 - 02-

00

Lunch Break

5 02-15 - 03-

15

Use of Baton Baton

Mein (yellow book)

during IPC and

retention of Polio &

RI messages.

Presentation,

Discussion,

Demonstration,

Practice

Prepared Chart, Marker,

White Board, Chart

Paper, Reading

Material, ORS Packet

6 03-15 - 05-

15

How to use field

book to record and

update information

Presentation,

Discussion,

Practice

Field Book, Case

Study, Boards of the

format of Table no. 5,6

&7. Prepared Chart on

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of children and

pregnant women.

6 killer diseases,


Chart Paper, Chalk,

Pencil, Rubber,

Sharpner

Tea to be served in between

Note : Participants can organize an cultural evening after the sessions.

Day Two

08-30 - 09-

00

Prayer and Recap

of previous day’s

activities

Song A copy of song for

prayer

7 09-00 - 11-

00

How to conduct an

effective

Interpersonal

Counseling and

meeting

Presentation,

Discussion,

Role Play

Prepared chart, Marker,

White Board, Chart

Paper, Situation for the

Role Play

8 11-00 - 02-

00

Presentation and

practice on Survey

[Field] and I.P.C.

Practice,

Presentation,

Demonstration,

Feedback

A copy of the Table 5

format of field book,

Pencil, Rubber,

Sharpner, Observation

Checklist for Observer,


Chart paper

02-00 - 02- Lunch Break

7


30

9 02-30 - 03-

30

Booth Mobilisation

and IEC Activities

Presentation,

Discussion



Material

10 03-30 - 04-

15

Workplan of CMC Presentation,

Discussion,

Demonstration,

Practice

Prepared chart with th

format of work plan,

Field Book, Chart

paper, Marker, White

Board, Pencil, Rubber,

Sharpner

04-15 - 04-

30

Tea

11 04-30 - 05-

00

Concluding Session Discussion,

Question &

Ans.

Post Test Forms, White

Board, Chart Paper,

Marker

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DAY 1 SESSION 1- Introductory Session

Objectives of Session:

• Registration of participants

• Introducing Participants to each other in a way that ice is broken between the

participants.

• Knowing participants expectations from training.

• Creating awareness regarding training objectives.

• Assessing present knowledge base of participants on session topic.

Time: 1 hour

Training Methodology

• Discussion in Big Group

• Presentation

• Games

• Songs

Material Required

• Registration Documents

• CMC Training kit (Bag, Chal Rahi, Baton-Baton mein, field Book, Pen, Pad,

Pencil, Rubber, Sharpener etc.)

• Chits with quotations / sayings in two parts (as many trainees and trainers)

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• Pre – Test form (1 for each)

• White board, marker, chart paper

• Prepared chart

• Card sheet / identity card printed by SMNet.

Process of Session and Instructions

• Register each participant on the given registration document.

• Welcome and greet each participant.

• Introduction to each other. Use the sayings’ chits. Write half of the saying on a chit

and the other half on another. Distribute chits as per the number of participants. Ask

each participant to demonstrate the half of the saying as per mentioned on the chit

by enacting it. Now, the person who has the other half comes and enacts it and ask

the group to identify the saying. In this manner, ask them to pair-up.

• After pairing, ask them to introduce one another as per following points.

Read the saying first.

Name

Block

Education

1 personal hobby

• Ask the participants their expectations from the training. Note them on a chart paper

and stick them on the wall. Also, frame rules for training with participants.

• Inform trainees on objectives of the workshop with the help of prepared chart.

• Distribute pre-test sheets and give them 10 minutes time.

Carry forward the session with the help of group song.

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Information to be used during the session

Objectives of the workshop

• Making the new CMC aware of the Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) and basic technical information on

Polio and Routine Immunization.

• Providing information on strategies / local activities under PEI and Making them aware of the CMC’s

importance, role, main functions and behavior/ conduct.

• Developing skills to use the field book.

• Making new CMC aware of the importance of IPC / counseling and developing skills for same.

Few Examples of Saying

• Neev ki Eit (Foundation stone)

• Neem Hakim Khatre Jaan (Untrained doctor, danger to life)

• Naach Na Jaane Angan Terha (Complain about floor if you do not know how to dance)

• Kaala Akshar Bhains Barabar (To an illiterate, the written word is just like buffalo

• Diya Tale Andhera (Darkness under lamp) etc.

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SESSION 2 Introduction to UNICEF / SMNet

Objective of Session: At the end of the session the participants will be able to:

• Tell about Unicef

• Know the meaning of ‘Social Mobilization’.

• Become aware of the objectives / functions and structure of SMNet.

Time: ½ hour

Training method:

• Presentation

• Discussion in big group

Material Required:

• Prepared charts

• Marker, white board and chart paper

• Reading material

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Process of session and instruction

• First of all, ask participants as to what they know about UNICEF. Note their

answers. Then, provide information with the help of prepared chart.

• Try and learn what they know about social mobilization. Note answers.

• Provide information with the chart’s help.

• Present organogram (in pyramid shape) to clarify SMNet structure and

supervisory layers.

• In the end, ask the group some questions related to the topic. If they are unable

to answer, explain them in brief once again.

Points of Discussion

• What is unicef and its work

• Information on SMNet, organogram etc.

Ask following questions to ensure learning:

• Which issues does UNICEF work on?

• What is role of UNICEF in SMNet?

• Who are the major stakeholders of this program / how many?

• Which levels are the field functionaries from?

Information to be used during session

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UNICEF and Social Mobilization Network

UNICEF: in order to establish peace and bail the world from widespread destruction due to the war, United

Nations was founded in the year 1945. To honour this objective, UN established different branches to work for

different causes. e.g. WHO for working in the Health Sector etc. Similarly, UNICEF was established to encourage

and foster children’s development in the year 1946. It is known as United Nations Children Fund. This

organisation works in 185 countries on the following issues:

• Child Education

• Health

• Nutrition

• Child Rights

UNICEF has its Headquarters in New York. Certain rules were framed at the time of UN’s inception. These are

applicable on all its branches. For instance, no UN branch can establish a permanent office in any country.

That’s why there are only camp offices in the country’s and state capitals. These organisations can not keep

more workers on its rolls than is the prescribed limit. This organisation merely supports governments in their

programmes and cannot conduct programs independently in any country.

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Therefore, UNICEF has to support the national polio eradication program. This program has the following

stakeholders:

• Government of India‐ responsible for implementing program.

• State government‐ activation of program.

• World health organisation‐ this organisation is responsible for detecting polio cases and virus areas

as also formulate effective strategies.

• UNICEF: initially, UNICEF was responsible for providing the vaccine and ILR Deep Freezes. Also, IEC

material was being provided by UNICEF.

However, during the campaign, it was observed that several misconcencptions about the vaccine arose.

Many people refused to have their children vaccinated and the program was severely hampered. UNICEF

stepped in to remove these obstacles. As a result, UNICEF established the SMNet in 2001. The aim of

SMNet was to allay fears about vaccine, remove technical problems and facilitate smooth and accelerated

program. For this purpose, UNICEF signed contract with two organisations‐ CERPA and I.P.E; under the

contract, these two organisations would provide manpower for the program. This is how the SMNet came

into being in Uttar Pradesh and its main aim was to remove obstacles. It has no connection to the

operational aspects of the program.

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STAR UNICEF,

Lucknow

Organogram

Unicef Polio Team

Field Workers

Subregional Level

District Level

Block Level

Community Level

Monitoring &

Evaluation

USS

Field Workers

Dy. SMNet

Coordinator

Polio Coodinator

SMNet

Coordinator

Training IEC Finance

BMC

SRC SRTC

Admn Asst. (AA)

SMCDUC

CMC

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SESSION 3 Polio Eradication – Main Points

Objective of the session: At the end of the session, the participants will-

• Have information on the Polio Eradication initiative.

• Know about basic technical knowledge on polio.

• Know about the current status of Polio-affected children in U.P. and India.

Time: 1 hour

Training Method:

• Presentation


Material Required:

• Prepared charts

• Marker, white board and chart paper


Process of session and instruction:

• First of all, ask participants about polio campaign and note answers.

• Give detailed information about the campaign with the help of prepared chart.

Present subject pictorially.

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• Ask related questions after presentation and explain briefly once again if there

is any doubt.

Points for Discussion:

• Why is Polio present in U.P. and India, even today?

• Which age groups of children are more affected by Polio?

• We are on the side of polio Eradication.

• How does Polo spreads and its type?

• Body structure of humans- show the diagram of the digestive system.

• V.V.M. information

Ensure learning by asking following questions;

• How does Polio spread?

• What are the types of Polio?

• Most vulnerable age-group?

• How to ascertain whether the Polio vaccine is effective or not?

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Information to be used during session:

Location of poliovirus, India2003 - 20062003 2004

225 cases in 87 districts



2005

* data as on 7th September, 2006

280 cases in46 districts

2006*

District P1W P3W TotalFEROZABAD 2 0 2MAINPURI 3 0 3ETAH 2 0 2Aligarh 3 0 3HATHRAS 1 0 1Total Agra div. 11 0 11MORADABAD 51 5 56J P NAGAR 19 0 19RAMPUR 18 0 18BIJNOR 21 0 21Total Moradabad div 109 5 114BAGPAT 2 0 2BULANDSHAHAR 5 0 5G.B. NAGAR 1 0 1GHAZIABAD 10 0 10MEERUT 23 0 23Total Meerut div 41 0 41MUZAFFARNAGAR 25 0 25SHAHARANPUR 3 0 3Total Shaharanpur div 28 0 28SITAPUR 2 0 2LUCKNOW 4 0 4HARDOI 2 0 2Total Lucknow div 8 0 8FARRUKHABAD 4 0 4KANNAUJ 1 0 1Total Kanpur div 5 0 5BADAUN 21 0 21BAREILLY 13 0 13PILBHIT 3 0 3SHAHJAHANPUR 4 0 4Total Bareilly div 41 0 41FAIZABAD 1 0 1BARABANKI 3 0 3Faizabad Div 4 0 4BASTI 1 0 1Varanasi 1 0Basti Div 1 0 1

Total: UP 248 5 253

Wild virus positive cases 2006*Uttar Pradesh

Year J AN FEB R AP R MAY J UN J UL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC To ta l2002 15 6 6 13 36 106 204 234 274 182 110 56 12422003 16 4 3 5 2 1 10 10 15 10 9 3 882004 1 0 0 0 6 12 9 15 10 18 6 5 822005 4 1 1 2 1 4 2 3 6 1 3 1 29

2006 5 7 5 7 34 74 92 4 26 254

254 Cases*29 Districts*114 Blocks*

Total P1 wild cases =249Total P3 wild cases =05

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Why is polio spreading; even today in U.P.?

• Children from the areas where services are less provided remain uncovered after

many rounds of vaccination.

• These children carry on the spread of Polio virus.

• Heavy presence of virus + dirt+ densely populated areas are facilitators of virus in

U.P.

• Wild polio virus strikes unvaccinated children and renders them paralyzed.

Which children are most vulnerable to Polio?

• Children < 5 years age.

• Those children who have not been vaccinated according to age.

• Those areas where disease is rampant, e.g. densely populated areas, bad socio‐

economic conditions, unhygienic and open‐air defecation areas.

We are on the verge of Polio Eradication Because:

• One sub‐type virus of polio has been exterminated

• Second type is on the brink of eradication. Several families of this type have been

destroyed.

• Third type has been weakened considerably. This is why several children affected by

polio have not been paralyzed.

• The area of virus transmission has been limited.

• Extremely effective strategies are being used.

• Maximum IPPI activities are being conducted in high‐risk areas.

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How does Polio spread?

• Polio is caused by a wild Virus which grows only in humans and results in disease.

• Grows in intestine after entering body and multiplies in million. As a result, millions

of WPV are emitted along with affected child’s fasces.

Heavy emission of virus occurs within 14 days of infection.

Emission may continue up till 60 days

Life of WPV outside human body is less (2‐7 days); fasces/urine/organic

substances enhance its life.

The virus dies during this period if it does not find any unvaccinated child.

Types of Polio Viruses

• Three sub‐types of WPV‐ P1, P2, P3

• P2 has been eliminated (last P2 affected district Aligarh)

• P3 found in Rampur and Shahjahanpur (U.P.) in 2005 while it has been limited to

Moradabad in 2006.

• P1 is limited to U.P., Bihar, Haryana, west Bengal, Punjab and Maharashtra.

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Human Digestive System

V.V.M

A vaccine Vial monitor (VVM) is affixed on every vial of vaccine.

The utility of a vaccine is not dependent on its color but it shows whether the vaccine should

be used or not.

Stages of V.V.M.

Satge 1 ‐ If the inner square is lighter than outer circle, then the vaccine may be used

Stage 2 ‐ If the square is still lighter after changing colour, it may be used.

Stage 3 ‐ If the square matches outer circle then the vaccine should not be used.

Stage 4 ‐ If the square turns darker than circle, it should not be used.

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Cycle of transmission

Stool passed Virus enters through the by a polio mouth of the affected child other child

Unsafe Food and water

Hands not washed Properly Polluted environment, dense population and unhygienic conditions are the main

factors of virus transmission in such a high scale

The Polio Virus can be eliminated completely because:

• The virus of polio grows only in human body.

• The life of virus outside human body is very short (2‐7 days)

• This virus is not found in any animal.

• Time for the virus to spread is very limited (emits uptil 60 days from body).

• Life long disease‐resistant capacity arises after infection.

• Effective strategies are being used

• Effective vaccine is available.

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Some children may be affected even after several doses of vaccination because;

• Although the vaccine develops immunity, yet it is not 100 % effective (only 90 %). This is

why some get affected even after respected vaccination.

• Children can be affected if the virus is living in nearby areas.

Some Causes:

• Other disease in children (diarrhea and others) prevents the vaccine from being

effective.

• Low level of food and malnutrition.

• It is a mere coincidence that the virus is found in excreta when the child is affected by

another disease.

• Some children are unable to develop immunity even after vaccination and are preyed

by the virus.

The only way to save our children from Polio is to eliminate it completely and prevent its spread

from one child to another. It is important to administer polio drops to each child below 5 years

of age during every round.

OPV is extremely effective and safe. This vaccine has successfully eliminated Polio from several

states in India. This proves that the vaccine is safe and has no side effects. Any side effect after

vaccination may be due to the fact the child is suffering from some other disease.

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Pay attention to the following while administering Polio drops:

• Vaccine should be administered only if its stage 1 or 2. Do not administer if its on stage 3 or 4.

• Ensure that vial is labeled.

• Check that the child is not asleep.

• Hold the child properly so that head does not tilt backwards.

• Only two drops and not more or less. Be careful that the child does not turn and spill vaccine.

Similarly, do not administer more than 2 drops.

• Often, the child throws out the drops with salvia. Re administers 2 drops.

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SESSION 4

Main Aims, Roles and Responsibilities of CMC

Objectives of the session: At the end of the session, the participants will know;

• Main aim, role and duties during Pre-booth day, booth day, post booth day during

A& B Team.

• Motivational activities and reactions at the local level.

• Better use of material, media and local publicity activities.

Time: 1 hour 45 mins


• Presentation

• Discussion in big groups

• Demonstration

Material Required:

• Prepared Chart

• Marker, white Board and chart Paper

• Publicity material (Poster, stickers, badge, flag, banner etc.)

Process of session and instructions

• Tell the meaning of goal through local examples.

• Present four aims of CMC.

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• Explain work, role and duties through prepared charts

• Provide information on process of motivational activities. Why, when and how

should be clear to participants. Give tips to use publicity material better.

• Towards the end, ask subject related questions and explain again in case of

doubt.

Points of Discussion

• 4 aims of CMC

• Main aims, work and role of CMC.

• When, where, how to locally conduct motivational activities.

Ensure learning by asking following questions

• What are the four aims of CMC?

• Which are the motivational activities at the local level?

• What is SMNet role in supplementary immunization?

• Which is the assisting organisation?

• What is your role?

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Information to be used during sessions

SMNet role in supplementary immunization

• To ensure community mobilisation

• To remove obstacles like families resistance towards immunization

Support organisations conducting supplementary immunization activities

• Government of India

• Government of Uttar Pradesh

• WHO (NPSP)

• Unicef

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Main Jobs of CMCs

Timeline Tasks/Activities to be performed by a CMC

Week 1-5 • Update survey in field book

Week 1

(immediately following B Team)

• Joint Analysis and Round Planning

o Analysis by BMC and CMC jointly using CMC

area performance analysis tool.

o Contact/meeting with influencers to share

progress of previous round and

challenges/proposed actions for next round.

o Update resource map/grid plan

o Preparation of day wise work plan for CMC by

BMC and CMC jointly.

4 Aims of CMC

Aim 1: Identification of each target child and family.

Aim 2: create willingness in each family to come forward for administering drops whenever RI or

PEI happens.

Aim 3: Identifying those families that may say ‘NO’

Aim 4: Convincing those who say ‘NO’ to take drops.

Not even a single child should remain unvaccinated. Do whatever possible but ensure that

no child in the 0‐5 age group remains unreached.

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Week 2 • Counseling

o Pregnant women

o X families, families having newborns

o Families with under 2 children (other than X and

newborn houses that have been contacted

separately)

• CMC Trainings (as and if planned)

Week 2-4 • Mobilisation of families for routine immunization sessions/camps

o All relevant children must be brought to the RI sit

for immunization

Week 3 • Groundwork for activities for the next round

o List of potential XR houses (previous round and

potential XR houses manifesting vaccine

avoidance behaviour)

o Preparation of booth mobilization plan (giving

names of influencers with number of

households/X families assigned to each)

o Influencer contact and their briefing for support

needed

o Coordinate for mosque élan, Ijtema, etc

• Verification of PO houses (seek influencers help)

• Influencer – Supervisor interface meetings

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• CMC Trainings (as and if planned)

Week 4 • Counseling potential XR houses with influencers

o Conduction of mothers meetings (as necessary)

o Conduction of meetings with male members of X

families with influencers (as necessary)

o Implementation of Ijtema/milaad (as necessary)

o Poster Pasting

o Special advocacy/mobilization activity (as

necessary)

• Preparation for Booth Day

o Formation of bulawa toil and briefing to the children

o Mobilisation of influencers, women and children for rally

o Conduction of rally

Week 5-6 • Support during SIA

o Mobilisation during booth day, coordinated with

third team member

o Support during A team activity

o Support during B team activity

Local IEC Activities

• Bullawa Toli and its use • Polio Class • Rally • Munadi

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• Masjid Elaan • Ijtema • Meetings • Poster Pasting

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SESSION 5

Use of Baton-Baton Mein (yellow flip book) during IPC

Objectives of the Session: at the end of the session, the participants will:

• Be aware of the yellow book “Baton Baton Mein” and its importance /

usage.

• Know the immunization schedule

• Know about Vitamin-A and ORS.

• Develop Skills to use the yellow book effectively during IPC.

Time: 1 hour

Training methodology:

• Presentation


• Demonstration

• Exercises (Practice)

• Games

Material Required:

• Prepared charts

• Markers, white board, chat paper


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• Pictures and chits prepared in advance for the game

• A packet of ORS.

Process of Session and Instructions

• First of all, explain the importance and use of the yellow book “Baton Baton Mein”

to participant.

• Now, discuss the questions given in this booklet through a game and help the

participants retain these questions. (use any of the following games)

Games to help retention of questions given in book- ‘Baton- Baton mein’

1. Quiz

Preparation: write all questions on 30 chits in advance.

During the games:

• First of all, discuss each question from the booklet.

• Place all chits amongst the participants (center).

• Ask each participant to step forward and pick a chit. Then ask him / her to

answer the question given on the chit without disclosing the question. Ask others

to think and tell which question matches this answer. Ensure that each

participant gets to play the game.

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2. Picture Puzzle

Preparation: take photocopies of 6 important questions from the booklet. Divide

them into many parts. Keep each in a separate envelope.

During the game:

• Discuss each question with the participants.

• Divide participants into 6 sub-groups.

• Place envelops containing pictures in corners of the training

hall. Give 3 minutes to each group to add up different parts.

• Then, ask each group to present the message Influencersd with

the picture.

• Ask for suggestion to improve presentations and ensure

everyone’s participation.

• Ask the participants as to what they know about routine immunization. Then, using

the chart prepared in advance, explain the calendar / timetable.

• Thereafter, seek information on Vitamin-A and ORS and explain through chart

prepared in advance.

• Ask related questions in the end and explain again if there is any doubt.

Points of Discussion:

• Importance and use of booklet during counseling.

• Routine immunization.

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• Vitamin-A and ORS.


• When will you use the book Baton Baton Mein?

• What is the method of using the book?

• Which vaccination is given to pregnant women? When?

• Which vaccines should be administered to a child and when?

• What is the dosage of Vitamin-A given to children and when?

• Why the ORS solution is given to children and in what quantity should it be

given?

Information to be given during the session

Question of the Yellow Book-Baton Baton Mein

• What is Polio? Whom does it happen to? How does it spread? How to

prevent it?

• How to identify Polio?

• Can the disease of Polio be eliminated from this world?

• Why does my child require the polio drops every time?

• What will happen if my child is administered the drops every time?

• Does polio drops cause impotency?

• Why only polio dose? Why not for each other disease as well?

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• Where can we get other vaccines?

• Why this emphasis on Polio alone? We have other problems too.

• I administered Polio dose to my child repeatedly still, he got infected.

• We do not feed or take out our new born child anywhere for weeks, until

they go to temples/ mosques.

• My child is sick right now. Is it safe to administer Polio dose to a sick

child?

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Vaccination Age Protection/disease

Spot of

Vaccination

Tetanus Toxide Two doses at monthly interval

during pregnancy

First immediately after detection

of pregnancy and second after a

month

(If a woman is pregnant within 3

years of first delivery and has

received T.T. 2 doses earlier,

then in the present pregnancy

only one ‘booster’ TT is given)

Mother and child

both protected

from tetanus.

On the arm of

pregnant

mother.

B.C.G Within first month of life at birth(If

baby is delivered in home or

hospital )

Protects against

T.B.

On the upper

arm at

shoulder tip.

(this site is

universally

used and

accepted

Polio birth ‘dose’ or

Zero Dose

Within 15 days of birth

(preferably wthin first 3-7 days of

birth but not later than 15days)

Protects against

Polio

Oral

(2 drops of

vaccine)

DPT I,II,III & Polio 1 ½ month, 2 ½ month, and 3 ½ Whooping DPT-

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(OPV) I,II & III month Cough,Diptheria,

Tetanus and polio

injection on

outer front

upper/middle

thigh/OPV

oral–(2 drops)

Vitamin A

(Syrup)

At 9 months age Night Blindness &

boosts immunity

against diarrhea

,during

measles,Pneumon

ia etc.

DPT Booster 16-24 Months Diphtheria,

Whooping

Cough(Petusis)

,Tetanus

Injection

given on thigh

of a child

outer middle

part.

Vitamin A

Why is Vitamin A essential?

• It produces protective ‘Mucosal tissues’ for safeguarding lungs , intestines and corneal outer layer by producing .

• Keeps eyes healthy and active. • Saves from diseases and infections. • Facilitates physical growth and development. • Cannot be prepared by the body and therefore is essential in food.

How its deficiency affects us?

• Highest affected are < 5 years age children and pregnant mother. • Directly affects eyes. ( Cornea) • Reduces body capacity to fight disease.

39

• Retards physical & mental development. What can we do?

• Vitamin A dose should be given every 6 months to all 9 months & 3 years children.

• Green leafy vegetables e.g. spinach, fenugreek, yellow fruits, carrots, mangoes and eggs are good source of Vitamin A.

• The child should be given her mother’s milk (colostrums) immediately after birth.

Age Dose The dose to be given to

the child*

Quantity

9 – 12

months

First (With measles) ½ spoon or 1 m.l. 1,00,000 IU

12 – 36

months

Second – fifth dose with a

gap of 6 months each

(Given only during Bal

Swasthya Poshan Mah

conducted in June &

December)

1 spoon or 2 m.l. 2,00,000 IU

* It is important to give the Vitamin A dose with it’s spoon itself. It has a mark of 1 ml too

Things to remember while administering Vitamin A Syrup

Sometimes a few side affects may occur to children after taking Vitamin A. In such a

case, ANM should make the children sit with her for some time and if these sign

40

persit for lonf, a doctor should be contacted and the child should be given the next

dose only after consulting the doctor.

How to prepare ORS and when to use it

Diarrhea is a very common disease caused generally by unhygienic conditions and

unsafe food and water. Diarrhea leads to lack of water and salt from the body, so it is

impotant to note that the child affected with diarrhea is safe. The child should be

given ORS and other liquids prepared at home like Chaj, Lassi, Lemon water, Rice

water etc. If the child is breastfed by its mother, it should be continued. A doctor

should also be consulted.

Method of preparing ORS

• Put the contents of ORS packet in a clean utensil. Read the instructions on

the packet and put appropriate quantity of safe water. Less quantity of water

may even worsen the condition of diarrhea.

• Only safe water should be added to ORS. No other liquid like milk, soup, fruit

juice etc should be added. Sugar should not be added.

• Mix properly and give the child in a clean utencil. Bottle should not be used.

Everytime a child passes watery stool, this solution should be given to the

child. If a child is below 2 years ¼ to ½ cup should be given and to a child

above 2 years ½ to 1 cup of solution should be given.

41

How to use the book more effectively during counseling

How will you answer question from families and local influential persons with the help of this

flip book.

How to use the flip book effectively?

Always remember:

Always be present during training and pre practice sessions. Learn all messages from the

flipbook. This will help you disseminate better. Welcome everyone before beginning

presentation. Your eyes should be on everyone. See the faith. Praise them for taking polio

dose regularly.

Explain objectives of the use of flip book. Tell them how much time it will take.

Keep the picture side towards audience and the written side towards self.

Encourage them to ask questions in the end. Invite suggestions and tips. Listen attentively.

Do not disturb while someone is narrating something.

Do not give wrong answers to something you are not sure about. Tell them that you will get

back after consulting experts. Note the question. Do not insult on the basis of caste‐religion,

language etc.

Use the flipbook to disseminate message effectively through, pictures and facts. Do not limit

yourself to showing pictures and reading but play a decisive role. Always remember the six

steps of counsrling. Use local lingo, saying, and symbols.

42

SESSION 6

How to use field book to record information of children?

Objective of the session: at the end of the session, the participants would;

• Be aware of the importance and utility of the field book

• Be experts at filling tables 5,6 and 7 in the book.

Time: 2 hours

Training Methodology:

• Presentation

• Exercise


Material Required:

• Field book

• Case study

• Board with format tables 5, 6 and 7.

• Chart prepared on 6 fatal diseases

• Marker, white board, chart paper, chalk, pencil, rubber and sharpener.


• First of all, introduce participants to the field book. Then, explain its utility.

43

• Explain table number 5. Make participants do the exercises with the help of case

studies.

• Make them practice calculating right age of child by preparing last 5 years

calendar.

• Discuss tables 6 & 7 in detail. Draw participant’s attention towards the relation

between the tables.

• Ask related questions in the end and explain again if they are unable to answer.

Points of discussion

• Utility of Field book

• Field Book part I

• Part II- table 5, 6 & 7.


• What is the importance of the field book in your work?

• Who will you use table 5 for?

• What information would you record in Table 6 ?

• Which information from table 7 will you take to table 6?

• Similarly, which information from table 7 will go to table 5?

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Information to be used during session;

Case study to practice Assessing Household condition and where did the child get his dose:

1. When the team reached Rahim’s place, it found that Rashid’s daughter Zarina had taken the

dosage. However, drops were administered to both sons of saleem.

2. The team could not find children at the Suresh’s place as they had gone to the market. When

the team went on a revisit, it discovered that both children had taken the dose at the booth.

3. The team administered the dose to Abdul’s visiting daughter’s son at home. Irfan’s daughter

salma was given drops during B team. Javeds son Asad had taken the dose at the booth and his

daughter was administered the drops during A team.

4. All children at Baburam’s home took the drops at booth wile his daughter’s daughter was

administered dosage during A team visit.

Case study for Practice of survey

• Rahim has two sons‐ Rashid and Salim. Rashid has a 3 year old daughter (zarina) and salim has

two sons ‐2 year old abbas and 3 ½ years old Rehan. Their food is cooked in one place.

• Ramesh chandar has 2 sons‐ Suresh and Rakesh. Suresh has 4 Children – Dinesh (7), Prakash (6),

Devesh (4) and Rani (I year 10 month) old. Rakesh is unmarried. Ramesh Chandra and rakesh

cook their food in one place while suresh in other.

• Abdul has three sons‐ irfann, javed and imran. Irfan has two children‐Asif (5 yrs 2 mths) and

salma (4 months). Javed has two children – Asad (3 yrs 8 months) and a girld who was born

yesterday. Imran’s wife Razia is pregnant 3 months. All of them cook food seperatley.

• Baburam has 2 sons and 1 daughter‐ Anup, susheel and Puneeta. Anup has 1 son and 1

daughter (Diwakar 4 yrs and 3 months and Saloni 2 yrs 5 months). Susheel has also two

children‐ Sona (3 yrs 3 months) and Kartik (1 yr 7 months). Baburam’s daughter has also come

home with a 2 month old daughter. The family cooking is done in 1 place.

There is tenant named Akshat in Baburam’s house. He lives with his wife. They have no children

45

Calendar of Festivals, Community Events

Calendar of Festivals and Social Events (2000 – 2006)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Festival

Date

Month Date

Month Date

Month Date

Month Date

Month Date

Month Date

Month

Idul -zuha

17 March 06 March 24 February

13 February

02 February

21 January

11 January

Moharram

18 April 07 April 26 March 15 March 02 March 20 February

10 February

Holi 20 March 10 April 29 March 19 March 06 March 25 March 15 March

Ramnavmi

12 April 02 April 23 April 11 April 30 March 18 April 06 April

Barah-wafat

15 June 07 June 26 May 15 May 03 May 22 April 11 April

Ambedkar- jayanti

14 April 14 April 14 April 14 April 14 April 14 April 14 April

Raksha-bandhan

15 August

04 August

22 August

12 August

30 August

19 August

09 Augut

Janm-ashtmi

23 August

11 September

31 August

20 August

07 September

27 August

16 Augut

Shab-e-barat

03 August

11 August

21 August

31 August

09 September

19 September

08 September

Gandhi Jayanti

02 October

02 October

02 October

02 October

02 October

02 October

02 October

Similarly, some other examples can be used. Carry out exercises for table 6 & 7 through

such examples.

46

Dusherra

07 October

26 October

16 October

05 October

22 October

13 October

02 October

Valmiki Jayanti

11 November

31 October

21 October

10 October

28 October

17 October

06 October

Alvida Juma

22 December

14 December

06 December

21 November

12 November

28 October

20 October

Diwali 27 Ooctober

14 November

05 November

25 October

12 November

01 November

21 October

Idul Fitra

29 December

18 December

07 December

26 November

15 November

04 November

25 November

Guru Nanak Jayanti

11 November

30 November

19 November

08 November

26 November

15 November

05 December

Chritmas

25 December

25 December

25 December

25 December

25 December

25 December

25 December

Makar Snakrant

14 January

14 January

14 January

14 January

14 January

14 January

14 January

Bhai Duj

29 October

16 November

07 November

27 October

14 November

03 November

24 October

47

English Hindi Urdu

January Push Zilhaj

February Maagh Moharram

March Fagun Safar

April Chait Rabi-ul-avval

May Baisakh Rabi-us-sani, Rabi-ul-akhir

June Jayest Jamadi-ul-avval

July Ashad Jamadi-us-sani

August Sawan Rajab

September Bhado Shaban

October Qwar Ranzan

November Kartik Shavval

December Agahan Zilqada

Note: 1. Every year is of 355 days according to muslim tradition.

2. According to hindu tradition 1 months is increased after every 3 years.

This calendar was prepared by Mr. Farhat Alam, BMC, Aligarh Sub Region and is a praiseworthy

effort. He is no more as he perished in a car accident.

48

Day 2 Session 7

How to conduct effective IPC and group meeting

Objective of the session: at the end of the session, the participants:

• Will be aware of the qualities of a good communicator.

• Will be able understand the meaning of IPC and role of counseling in

behavioral change.

• Will be aware of required skill for counseling art.

• Will develop counseling skills.

• Will understood how to conduct an effective meeting.

Time: 2 Hours


• Presentation

• Discussion in a large group

• Role Play

• Games

49

Material Required:

• Charts prepared beforehand

• Marker, white board, chart paper

• Situation for role play

• 50 matchsticks


• Let the participants play a game (with match sticks) and move the session

forward through discussion on the game-

Select 6 participants and make them sit in 1 group. Ask them to discuss-

“Which points should be kept in mind while conducting IPC”? The rest of

the participants will watch this group closely and give reactions later.

Place 50 matches sticks in the centre of the group and instruct participants

to place the matchstick in front of him/her whenever he/ she speaks.

After the discussion draw participants’ attention towards matchsticks kept

in front of them. Tell them that their matchsticks show their participation in

comparison to others. Tell them that they must understand the balance in

the speaking and listening processes.

Ask them to understand how difficult it is to be patient, listen carefully

without speaking in comparison to speak out one’s views and dominate

others.

50

Ask them as to which qualities would they develop in themselves in order

to become a good communicator.

• After this, ask them the meaning of IPC and why do we do counseling with

community under Polio program. Note answers.

• Then, make a presentation, outlining communications, IPC/ counseling meaning

and importance; through prepared chart.

• Make participants aware of the six steps of counseling.

• Conduct Role Play. Do not depict good behavior of counselor towards the family.

Situation of Role Play: the counselor does not greet anyone when visiting

the family. She asks the women straight to administer the drops to her child.

When that woman refuses to vaccinate her 1 year old child, you should

behave harshly, don’t respect her feelings and make fun of her fears (by

interrupting her with taunts)

Ask other participants during role- play to consider themselves as mothers.

Ask whether they would agree with such a counselor.

• Move the session forward by asking them to pay attention to body language during

counseling.

• Repeat with group that what they (as CMCs) have to do and not.

• Ask DUC to conduct discussion on “Under served community and Points to ponder

while conversing”

51

• Discuss how to conduct effective meeting.

• Ask related questions in the end and explain again if participants are unable to

answer.


• Qualities of a good counselor

• Communication, IPC and counseling

o 6 steps of counseling

o Points to remember while counseling underserved.

o Conducting effective meetings

Ensure learning by asking following questions:

• What is communication?

• What is the medium of IPC?

• Which time is not appropriate for counseling?

• Which points should be remembered while counseling?

• Tell the 6 steps of counseling in sequence.

52

Information to be used during sessions

Qualities of a good counselor

• Good communicator

• Practical

• Soft‐spoken

• Expert in specific subject

• Sensitive

• Patient

• Honest

• Discreet

• Encouraging nature

• Motivator

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COMMUNICATION

Talking with one another or reaching out to the other person with one’s view through

any means is communication. It happens as a matter of routine in our lives. e.g. A child,

if hungry cries for her mother and the mother, upon hearing her cries, feeds her.

There are five links to make communication effective:

• The child cried to reach her message.

• Message was carried by voice

• The mother heard.

• She reacted

• The objective of communication fulfilled. Similarly, when the CMC communicates with the service takers, communication

happens between two or more persons. There are various media for communication.

Viz. voice, signal, expressions, etc. Communication is of two types:

• One way

• Two way One way

Message giver Message Recipients of Message

Two way

Message giver Message Recipients of Message

Message

Feedback

54

Two-way communication is more effective because one person listens when spoken to

by other person and then speaks to let him know that his message has been

understood. Allow listeners to ask questions, watch their expression and then take

forward the communication. Usually, there is some specific purpose of speaking. The

CMC’s is to inform parents effectively, about Polio & PEI, answer properly after listening

to their questions, concerns thoughts and change behavior. This is known as IPC or

counseling.

Interpersonal Communication

As we observed above, IPC is all about understanding people’s thought and doubts,

providing information in order to bring about change in behavior. Come let us see which

media can be used for IPC & what are its qualities and shortcomings?

Media of IPC

• Person-to-person conversation • Making people understand through Flipbooks, pictures

• Religious programme

• Local meetings (with clear target groups) Qualities

• Direct contact with people and exchange of views

• Explaining in detail and solving questions and doubts

• Helping change behavior and retain new behavior

• Allaying myths and fears

• Reaching unknown people

• Reinforcing of faith apropos health worker

• Recognizing the need of information and providing it

• Reaching services to people according to their need Shortcomings

• Answering personal questions

• Difficulty in motivating towards people’s health facilities if CMC’s behavior is not good

55

• Information can not reach many people at once

• Difficulty in carrying forth the message if CMC is not educated / well trained

Counseling

It is a part of IPC. It is that process, in which two people sit face-to-face, talk to each

other, listen to each other carefully, and help the other take an important decision

through counseling. The other person acts on that advice.

For instance

When the CMC visits mothers, she first tries to find out whether they are taking their

children for routine immunization. Then she talks to the mother about immunization and

at the same time dispels her fears / wrong beliefs. In this manner, the CMC reaches the

message / service by helping the mother.

The following should be remembered while counseling

• Speak in easy to follow language

• Make the mother feel that you care for her child

• Make the mother feel that she knows her job well

• Try and empathise with mother

• Respect the feelings

• Tell everything honestly. Do not conceal anything

• Your expressions should be such that the mother feels you are listening carefully

• Allow the mother to speak and ask questions

• Ask such questions the reply to which is detailed; not barely yes or no

• Repeat what mother says

56

Follow 6 steps during counseling:

It is important to follow 6 steps to complete any counseling, come, let us focus on the

story of 6 ‘to do’; adopt and try them to spruce up our counseling drive.

• The first step is to greet the family properly show respect for elders and enquire

about every ones welfare. Introduce yourself, the organization you represent,

your aim etc.

• The second step is to ask about mother and child’s health. Enquire weather the

child has been administered other vaccines

or not. Also know about Polio dose. Do not

ignore if any one narrates family problem.

Provide information.

• The third step is to provide

information as per need. Try and

solve the mother’s problem. If need

be, take her to the relevant specialist.

• The fourth is to alloy doubts. e.g. why

is the dose being given repeatedly

when we heard earlier that the 3 doses in the beginning are for the child’s safety.

Extra doses are necessary to wipe out the virus from society. no child will be polio

stricken once this virus is wiped out. Do not ignore if they co relate the vaccine

6 steps of counseling

First: Greet

Second: Ask about mother’s and child health,

Third: Provide health information as per need

Fourth: Alloying doubts

Fifth: reminder of upcoming immunization session

Sixth: thank the family

57

with impotency. Answer completely with the help of examples and religious

appeal.

• The fifth step is to remind about Polio Sunday and immunization session:

o Inform about next Polio Sunday date.

o Discuss the importance of repeated dosage.

o Discuss importance of administering doses at booth.

o Provide information on next immunization session

• The sixth step is to thank them for giving you time, listening to you and

understanding you. Thank them appropriately and fix time for another visit. This

will help create an image that goes beyond that of a mere vaccinator. On the

contrary, it will reinforce friendly ties. Visit resistant families again (if possible with

the Aganwadi Worker, A.N.M. or any other Influencers) and try to convince them.

58

What should the counselor do? What she should not do?

• Gather required information on your subject.

• Keep the flip book ready and other IEC material with yourself

• Counseling is an art, hence a counselor should possess the qualities like patience, good listening skills, art of asking questions, soft natured.

• Do not be discouraged- its not necessary that a resistant family will agree after 1 or 2 visits only.

• Maintain discretion and guard what is shared during discussion.

• Do not use words that hurt the couple.

• Do not provide incorrect or incomplete information.

Keep Body language positive during counseling

• Head should be at the same level as the other person’s. sit and talk to someone who is

sitting.

• Attention should be paid to the person speaking, not to notes / diary.

• Remove any obstacle immediately. e.g. copy‐pen etc. if you start writing during

counseling, the conversation is not free – flowing. You are actually shutting up the other

person by writing.

• Give time and do not be in a hurry. Do not look at the watch repeatedly.

• Console while showing your feeling if family reports some other problem.

59

Points to remember while counseling the underserved community

• Use terms such as ‘Janab’ or ‘huzoor’ while talking to maulane sahib.

• Do ascertain which sect a Masjid belongs to; BEFORE you enter it. This can be done at nearby

shops or through an influential person and reference or appeal of Maulana Saheb can be given

to Imam.

• Address women as “baaji”, ‘Aapa Jan, Khala, Ammi, etc.

• Encourage a woman to take her own decisions if she decides according to her husband’s

wishes; never ever say things like‐ ‘he will not know’ etc.

• Let the women talk from behind her veil; if you are a male.

• Males should not enter homes without permission.

• Your altitude should be decent. Do not dress flamnoyantly.

• If you are a female, wear salwar kurta with sleevs and do cover your head while speaking to

maulana sahib.]

• Say ‘masaallah’ whenever you see many children rather than comment otherwise. Repeat the

same when you see a cute child.

• Do not come back from a household after giving drops but stay on to thank them and say ‘God

willing’ , I will be back again.

• Accord proper respect to everyone (Hi or low, rich or poor).

• Do not curse the child if he/ she is studying in madrasa.

60

Masjid, Mazaar, Madrasa…..

• Females should avoid going in to Mosque but they may enter Mazaars and

Madrasas (only after concerning their Heads ).

• Masjid manager’s help may be saught if Imam Refuses to broadcasy appeal.

Religion / Caste / Community….

• You should have working knowledge of caste and sub castes in your area,

especially in Polio Virus areas (Moradabad has Turks, Ansari, Jatav, Saini etc )

• Although no child should go without drops, yet special attention should be paid to

areas which are prone to Polio.

• Do not make the high risk community feel that you are blaming them for virus but

tell them their children are most vulnerable and therefore they must show more

responsibility in this campaign.

• Do refer any person or place derogatorily, e.g. Sweepers Colony.

• Every caste and community has an honorable name. Use it.

• Our effort should be to enlist support of some influential person from the same

community.

• In most cases, a doctor proves to be acceptable to everyone.

61

Meeting / Ijtema / Milad….

• Ijtema is a religious gathering popular amongst females of deobandi sect while

milad is popular amidst Barelvi Sect women and men.

• Discuss health related learning’s from Islam first and then talk about vaccination

and Polio.

• Males should refrain from going into these gatherings and take the help of local

Ustaniji.

• Urs / fairs are usually held at Mazaar and Dargah and are ideal for social

Mobilization. The manager should be asked to help as it is here that many

newborn children and pregnant women come for blessings.

• A meeting with an influential person is never in vain, even when he does not walk

with the team. It has been observed that the resistance subsidized in those areas

where meetings were held.

• Do call the resistant families to the meetings with help of influential person and

listen to them carefully. This is most effective.

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How to make group meetings effective

In order to fulfill the objective of our program, it is CMC’s responsibility to organise

mother’s meet especially for mothers of up to 5 years children. Hereunder are a few tips

to make these meets a success:

Preparing for Meeting

• Choose neighbourhood homes, which have fewer than 5 children. Give priority to houses in slums.

• Select date, place and time (according to women’s convenience) and place, Remember, the time should not be too long. If there is female village head, include her.

• Choose clear subject for the meeting. • Invite women • CMC should keep a prepared agenda

Important points for effective meeting

• Welcome women in the meeting • Introduce your self as well as others • Ask about their welfare before coming to the subject • Talk a little about their routine & connect it to childcare. Then tell them the day’s

subject • Find out what they know about the subject • Ensure entire group’s participation. Let every one speak • Encourage experience sharing on relevant issues • Repeat discussion and disseminate information. Use story / case study. • Ask open ended question and ensure that they know • Repeat main points with their help • Encourage them to share this information with others • Thank everyone and conclude

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SESSION 8

Presentation and practice on Survey [Field] and I.P.C.

Objective of the session: at the end of the session, the participants;

• Will be able to develop IPC skills.

• Will become vigilant towards mistakes / obstacles and correct them.

Time: 3 hours


• Exercise

• Presentation

• Demonstration

• Appraisal

Material Required:

• Field book and table 5 Xerox.

• Pencil, eraser, sharpener

• Appraisal checklist for observer

• Marker, white board, chart paper

64

Process of session Instruction:

Divide all participants into small groups. Ask them to count and make groups of 6

each or so. Ask each group to sit separately. Then ask them to select their group

leaders. Write the detail on a chart paper after selection of leaders.

Example:

Group Number

Total households / Families where Survey / IPC to be done

Leader Name of Group Members

Observer / Trainer

1 12 Somvati Razia Shabana Reeta

Prem

Similarly, write details of other groups and instruct; e.g.

• Where to go for field visit?

• How much time will they get for IPC and survey?

• How many houses / families will be surveyed by each group / IPC conducted. In

this context, tell them to divide the given number of households/ families; so that

everyone gets a chance to practice.

• Group leader to take care of all members.

• State the location where all groups will gather after reaching the field.

• Some old CMC’s will have to come to predetermined location to take the groups

for survey in different areas.

65

• Every group will have an observer too.

• Everyone to reach the decided place in allotted time after completing the activity.

• Provide information on how to present collected information. Give following

instruction for the same;

You will get 45 mins for lunch after coming from the field.

All groups will sit in different places and prepare 2 presentations after

lunch.

Format of first presentation

How were survey / IPC done?

What difficulties did you face?

How did you solve your problems?

What did you learn in the field?

Format of second presentation

Data presentation in the following format;

Family number Head of the family Child’s name Child’s birth month

Instruction for the observer:

Each group will have one observer. Each should carry a copy of checklist (given in

session) and conduct observation on that basis.

66

• Then take the participants to the field.

• After lunch, distribute markers and chart paper to each group, guide and

instruct them on presentation.

• Ask each group to make separate presentation. Motivate each participant to

speak. Each presentation to be facilitated by the observer. Feedback of the

observer should be shared and mistakes rectified. Similarly, ask each group

to make presentations, sum up and close the discussion.

• In the end, ask related questions and explain again in case of doubt.

Points for discussion

• Instruction for field visit

• Format for presentation

Ensure learning by asking following questions:

• What did you learn during survey / IPC?

• How did you do survey / IPC?

• List of obstacles during survey/IPC?

• How did you solve problems?

• What was the important lesson?

67

Information to be used during Session

Survey and IPC‐ Field visit appraisal check list

• Did the CMC greet the family?

• Did the CMC introduce self and state purpose of visit clearly?

• Did CMC ask open questions?

• Did she gather sequential information on all children (0‐5)?

• Did she provide correct information to the family?

• Did she use simple language?

• Was she able to convey her message completely?

• What was the body language like?

• Was she speaking hurriedly or listening attentively and respecting every viewpoint?

• Did she thank family members before leaving?

• Did she fill up the information in the field book properly?

Format of Presentation

• What efforts were made?

• What was good?

• Where is room for improvement?

• What improvement will you make?

68

SESSION 9

Booth Mobilization and IEC Activities

Objectives of session: at the end of the session, participants

• Will be able to know the activities used to motivate people to take dosage at

the booth.

• Will learn to make work plan for booth day.

• Will know how to ensure Influencers help while booth and h-to-h visits.

Time: 1 hour


• Presentation

• Discussion in Big groups

Material Required:

• Marker, White Board, Chart Paper

• Reading Material

Process of Session and Instruction:

• Ask participants what activities can be performed to motivate people come to the

booth.

• Note their answers. Then discuss in detail each answer one by one.

69

• Ask participants how they will make booth day work plan. Discuss in detail.

• Then, ask them whose help they will seek to motivate people take dosage at

booth etc.

• Discuss with the group the list of influential people and how to use them.

• In the end, ask related questions and clear doubts discussing again briefly.


• I.E.C. activities

• Work plan for Booth day

• Proper use of Grid and other Influencers.

Ensure Learning by asking following:

• What information should be given in Polio – Class?

• Which points need special attention during class?

• How will you select children for “Bulawwa Toli” and when?

• How many children will you select and why?

• Why is a school rally organised?

• What is to be done after the rally is over?

• Who is made to make announcements & munadi?

• Which points should be considered while making announcements?

• What should be remembered while sticking posters?

70

Activities to motivate Booth Attendance:

Polio Class Its essential to disseminate all into information on Polio before organizing “Bulawwa Toli”

and rally. To complete this activity, following steps may be taken:

Before Polio Class

• Speak to the principals of the selected schools. Tell them that the campaign has

gained momentum ever since schools have been involved. Several booths have

reported 100 % coverage.

• Describe on the information related to Polio, you must inform:

o How does Polio Spread? o What happens when some children are missed? o This dosage is completely safe for children?

While Taking Polio Class

• Talk praisingly about children’s involvement and school role.

• Use pictorial material, flip book, pocket board etc.

• Encourage children to ask questions in the end.

• Exhibit all charts, books etc. after class. Involve any child who voluntarily undertakes to

distribute all this material.

• Identify such students who are good talkers, willing to learn something new. Involve

them in “Bulawaa Toli”

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To make a better class, remember:

• Encourage children to ask questions.

• Answer only as much you know and note the rest.

• Clarify answers from experts from experts and return to school to talk about

them.

School Rally

This activity is aimed at generating awareness amongst people. The process is

as follows:

• Select those schools in your area which have to be included in rally. Inform

Principal of the school about Polio program.

• Select children for rally with the help of Principal and Teachers. Select only a

manageable number.

• Inform all community leaders, Influencers about the date, time, path etc. You

must take out rally one day prior to program.

• Collect all rally material before hand. e.g. poster, banner, badge, cap; flag, etc.

• Praise children in Public after rally.

• Seeks people’s opinion after rally.

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Message Sample for Munadi

This Sunday is Polio day. Take your neighbour’s and your own child to the booth and

administer Polio drops.

Sample for Elaan from Masjid.

I am the Imam of your masque. You are requested to administer polio drops to yours

and neighbours child. Islam dictates that children be taken care of.

Sample for Cable TV

Munadi and Elaan

Elaan: elaan is done by religious leader and special persons. The following should be remembered for

success of Elaan:

• Select such a person who is acknowledged by community. e.g. priest, Maulvi etc.

• Explain PEI in detail to this person.

• Frame message specific person in consultation with him. Create consensus.

• Keep checking messages during the Elaan and ask for other’s opinions. Apprise the

man who does Elaan; of its success.

Munadi: this is done by local Guard / volunteers. Following steps ensure its success:

• Select subject matter for munadi.

• Prepare messages before hand.

• Select such a person for munadi, who can reach outer area as well as go around the

area thoroughly.

• Carry out both Munadi and Elaan prior to every round of PEI.

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Take all children (0-5) from your home and neighbour to the booth and administer polio

drops.

“Bulawwa Toli” and its use

This is a group of adolescents which exhorts people to come out of homes and visit Polio Booths.

The members of this group work with the help of community leader, teacher’s etc.

Process:

• Discuss the importance of Bulawwa Toli while praising the Principal of selected school.

• Remember the following when selecting children;

As for as possible, select children from Underserved areas.

Include 15‐20 children (10‐15 years) in 1 group.

Inform children about PEI and tell them of their important role.

• Write the work plan for the toil on Booth day. Describe time etc. with them and paste it at

the booth.

• Try to bring all 0‐5 children to the booth; with the help of the toli.

• Go to school and thank children in Public.

Poster pasting

Another step to create Public awareness regarding information on Booth day is to put posters. It is

important to follow certain instruction:

• Every CMC is given 50 posters and Rs 25 for pasting.

• Posters should be posted two day before booth day.

• Gumming should be done properly, especially on four corners.

• The poster should be stuck at least 7 feet above ground level so that student cannot reach

up and tear it.

• Usually, a CMC has 500 households; therefore every 10 house should have one poster.

• None of the poster given to CMC should be stuck at the booth.

• No poster should be stuck on electric poles shop shutters and doors etc

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There persons play an important role on the booth day:

1. Influencers 2. Bulawwa Toli 3. CMC

If the target is to bring 100 % children to the booth then we should sharpen their work

on the booth day.

Role of Influencers:

1. Influencers must have information of children in their areas on booth day.

2. Influencers must visit homes within their area and encourage people to visit

booth.

3. Influencers should take the responsibility of the families in their areas where

children during last round were missed out.

How to make booth work plan

Management of booth day:

Booth day is most important part of the program. If the program is to be made effective, then all of

us should make an effort to ensure that each child from village / town is getting the dose at booth

itself. All efforts must be made on the booth day to bring resistant families to the booth.

Coverage of the booth day is in evaluation of our past efforts. It is important to manage booth day

well in order to bring more and more children.

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4. Request the village head / corporator to inaugurate the booth. You can get it

inaugurated by the Influencers after speaking to them.

5. CMC may share the job of decorating the booth; with the Influencers.

6. Panchayat / word members should encourage people to send children to

booth during her h-to-h visit.

Booth Mobilization Plan – An Example

Name of CMC: Area: BMCName : Booth No.

Last Round’s X Families

Subarea or grid name

Name of Influencer

No of children below 5 years

No. Of children administered drops at Booth during last round

Families with new born (born after last round)

Sick Child

Gone out

Resistance Lock

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Use of community influencer in booth & H‐H activity

How to involve community Influencers in these activities?

1. A few days before the booth day

a. Sit with the influencers and discuss his role for the booth day. Fill the booth mobilization plan

after the discussion.

b. Sit with the teacher to make the plan for Bulawwa toli and ensure that rally passes through

problem ridden sub‐region.

2. During booth mobilization

a. Inform every community influencer in the sub area about his responsibility on booth day.

b. Give a target to each influencer; to administer dosage to resistant families (X, XR & others). You must inform them about such families.

3. In between the A & B teams

a. Attach CMC and influencers in A team. Make available figures after A team (X, XR, PO, Uncovered children) and create plan to administer them dose. If a meeting is not possible then the CMC must go to the influencers area to meet.

b. CMC must inform Influencers about date and time when they will visit the sub‐region.

c. Meet and convince those families continuously who had refused during teams. If need be, get support of religious leaders, doctors etc.

4. After B team;

a. Identify problem grid from survey register.

i. Where few children come to the booth

ii. Where X families are located

iii. Where people display slight hesitation

b. Evaluate your Influencers work and praise good work.

c. CMC should organize a meeting. She should share data brought by A & B teams. She should meet

sub regional Influencers and other catalysts one by one.

d. BMC/SMC must participate and make plan to administer dosage to those children who have been

left out in the last round. Plan for next round (Booth, House‐House)should be made with

incorporating activities to overcome all the shortcoming of the previous round.

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SESSION 10

CMC work plan

Objective of the session: at the end of the session, participants will

• Be aware of importance of CMC work plan

• Be able to understand the process of plan formulation

• Be able to develop skills for developing workplan

Time: 45 Minutes


• Presentation

• Discussion in Big Group

• Demonstration

• Exercise

Material Required:

• Format of prepared planning table

• Field book

• Chart paper, Marker, White Board,

• Pencil, eraser, sharpener

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Points of discussion:

• Utility and importance of CMC work plan.

• Points to remember while making work plan.

• Process of work plan formulation.

Ensure Learning by asking following questions:

• What is the utility and importance of work plan formulation?

• Which points should be borne in mind while making work plan?

Information to be used during session

Activity planner

CMC should write her work plan in this planner. Work plan from end of Team B in last

round to the end of team B in upcoming round should be written in the planner. That’s

why one should make plan and fill up planner after every B team.

Process of session and instruction

• First of all, ask participants to open the planner table.

• Then discuss the utility and importance of CMC workplan.

• Tell the group the points to be remembered while making work plan (activity, day, time, place etc).

• Inform how will the work plan be made and trainer should demonstrate on planner’s table.

• In the end, the CMC should be asked to prepare work plans for pre‐booth day, booth day and post‐

booth activities (with pencils). Trainer should see all plans and make amends.

• In the end, ask participants some relevant questions and explain briefly once again if there is any

doubt.

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Work plan should be based on following;

Analysis of earlier activities.—

What was done according to the earlier plan? When were the activities held? Were the

targeted family contacted? Which influential persons contributed to the activities? What

problems cropped up?

Analysis of last round—

How many houses identified as X, Remaining X houses after B team, Number and

reason for X houses after B team, No. & reason for XR? Converted XR houses, How?

Which influential persons helped? Who did not? Booth attendance- who came and who

did not? What other help was received?

Plan for upcoming round—

• Understanding the reasons for left over children

• Plan activities with the target of not leaving a single child.

• Write clearly all activities, time and place in the planner, as shown here under:

Activity Planner May 2006

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 29 30 31

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10 Assistance in RI session: Morning 9.00 to 4.00

12 Meeting with Pradhan at 11:30

Am counseling of X homes with

Pradhan and Imam Rahim, Tariq,

Ramdhan and Gufran at their home

evening 3.00‐4.30 PM

15 pre round information to family #

103‐157 in Gulshan Tola and

identifying and counseling pregnant

women: 9.00 to 1.00

19 Polio Class ‐ Organizing Bulawwa Toli and

showing them homes to be targeted 9.00‐

12.30

Poster pasting: 4.00‐6.00

20. Rally, verification of pregnant women and

newborn babies 8.00 – 11.30

Contact Influencers: 4.00‐5.00

21. Support at booth

8.00‐4.00

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SESSION 11

Concluding Session

Objective of session:

• Evaluation of 2 day workshop

• Post- Test

Time: 30 mins

Training Method

• Discussion in a big group

• Question – Answer

Material Required

• Post Test Forms

• White Board, Chartpaper, Marker

Process of session and introduction

• Collect session wise information and write on board

• Note the important lessons learnt by the participants.

• Present the crux of 2 day training

• Distribute post test forms; explain that each one will fill it herself without talking to

others. Give them 15 mins for this.

Note: when participants deposit their post test forms, the trainer should tell right

answers conclude session with song- “we shall overcome”.

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Pre test

Name of CMC…………………………………Block / Sector……………

District……………………………………….date of training…………..

Tick each correct answer (√) and mark incorrect the wrong one (×).

1. How does polio virus spread?

a. Through sneezing or coughing

b. Through excreta to hands, hands to mouth and thereon to intestines

c. To mouth by dirt and then to intestines

d. b & c are right

2. How does polio happen?

a. By dirt

b. By virus

c. If one child touches other

3. How to ascertain quality of vaccine?

a. By looking the at colour of the vaccine

b. Looking at VVM

c. Looking at icepack

d. No way to find out

4. Tell the date of the upcoming round

..................................................................................................................................

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5. Who works at community level?

a. CMC b. BMC c. SMC d. SRC

6. How to administer dose to those who refuse during h-h drive?

a. Apply pressure through local Imam / Pradhan

b. Threaten that their ration card will be impounded

c. Will listen to their misgivings and find individual solution

d. Apply pressure by collecting neighbours.

7. Why is it important to run the polio program?

a. Polio disease will be alright

b. Awareness on health would increase

c. Polio disease will be wiped out forever

8. What is the advantage of giving the drops to the children everytime

a. Children do not fall ill. b. Will be saved against all diseases

c. Polio will be wiped out d. Enhanced immunity gaisnt polio

e. C & D are right

9. Which child can be given polio drops?

a. newborn b. Diarrhea affected child

c. Child with fever d. All can be given

10. People refuse for polio drops because

a. they are illiterate

b. Vaccine is against religion/faith

c. Some children have had a side affect due to this dose

d. Will find the correct reason after meeting them

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11. When does the Bullawa Toli work?

a. Before the booth b. on booth day c. after the booth d. during A Team

12. How to motivate parents to increase booth attendance?

e. Vaccine is fresh at booth

f. We will reward children

g. Will inform about booth date and time 1 week before

h. No benefit

13. Know Influencers at community level

i. Government: 1)…………………………..2)…………….......

j. Non- governmental: 1)……………………2)……………….

14. Which Influencer would be appropriate to influence some one who says that the

child will not take dose because he/she is suffering from diarrhea & fever?

k. Pradhan

l. Teacher

m. Local doctor

n. Imam

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Post test

Name of CMC…………………………………Block / Sector……………

District…………………………………………Date of training…………..

Tick each correct answer (√) and mark incorrect the wrong one (×).

1. How does polio virus spread?

a. Through sneezing or coughing

b. Through excreta to hands, hands to mouth and thereon to

intestines

c. To mouth by dirt and then to intestines

d. b & c are right

2. What are the types of virus and how many?

……………………………………………………………………………

3. Tell the date of the upcoming polio round.

………………………………………………………………………….

4. Who works at the community level?

a. CMC b. BMC c. SMC d. SRC

5. Match the following signs of the survey register?

a. P: locked house during team visit

b. XR: no child between 0-5

c. XL family which has administered dose

d. PO: families which refused dosage

6. When should the survey register be updated?

a. After every round

b. After two rounds

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c. After five rounds

d. Once every year

7. Arrange 6 steps of counseling sequentially:

Greeting, allaying doubts, providing health related information as per need,

thanking, reminder of upcoming round, collecting information on mother and

child

8. What is the advantage of giving the drops to the children everytime

a. Children do not fall ill. b. Will be saved against all diseases

c. Polio will be wiped out d. Enhanced immunity gaisnt polio

e. C & D are right

9. Which child can be given polio drops?

a. newborn b. Diarrhea affected child

c. Child with fever d. All can be given

10. Which of the following work is not done by the CMC on booth day?

a. Administers does to children who visit booth b. Inaugurates the booth by the Influencers c. Calls children from houses d. Sends Bulawwa Toli to right Place at right Time

11. When does the Bullawa Toli work?

a. Before the booth

b. on booth day

c. after the booth

d. during A Team

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12. Match these activities—

a. Elaan: activity by school children to enhance awareness on Polio

b. Munaadi: providing information related to Polio in schools

c. School Rally: Making religious leader and special persons repeat

messages on polio

d. Polio Class: Publicizing Polio message through guards / volunteers

13. Know Influencers at community level

a. Government: 1)…………………………..2)…………….......

b. Non- governmental: 1)……………………2)……………….

14. Which Influencer would be appropriate to influence some one who says that

the child will not take dose because he/she is suffering from diarrhea & fever?

a. Pradhan

b. Teacher

c. Local doctor

d. Imam

15. Who performs Ijtema ?

a. ANM b. CMC c. Baji d. BMC

16. Who looks after Dargaah ?

a. Sajaddanashin b. Mufti c. Kari d. Maulvi

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Evaluate the Training

1. Put a tick against the appropriate option

Knowledge Very Good Average Below Average

A Logistics

B Food

C Reading Material

D Behavior of Trainer

E Trainer’s Skill

2. Which of the following subject is not yet clear? a. About Polio b. Responsibilities of CMC c. Field book and survey register d. Counseling skills e. Use of Flip Book – Baton Baton Mein f. Booth management g. IEC Material h. About Influencers (specially USS)

3. Did the trainer give participants a chance to speak? a. Excessive b. Average c. Less d. No

4. Any other skill that you would like to learn later? a. Information: b. Skill: