political cartoons
TRANSCRIPT
THE MASS MEDIAAssessing Public Opinion
The Mass Media Medium: means of communication which
transmit some kind of information Media is simply the plural form of a
“medium” Described as “mirrors” or “molders” of
opinion Four major mass media are involved in
American politics
Television Mass media are not a part of
government Mass media do not exist primarily to
influence government, yet they are an important force in politics
Television replaced newspapers as the principle source of political information in the 1960s
Television There is at least one television set in 98%
of the nation’s 120 million households Three major networks dominate the air:
1. Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)2. American Broadcasting Company (ABC)3. National Broadcasting Company (NBC)
As popular as these stations are, they are becoming overshadowed by independent broadcasting Cable Television
Newspaper Newspapers were one of the first means
of spreading political news in the U.S. First regularly published newspaper in the
U.S.- Boston News-Letter (c. 1704) By 1775 there were 37 newspapers
circulating in the New England area Expressing the constitutional First
Amendment right to “free press”
Newspaper Newspapers rank second to television as
the public’s primary source of information about government and politics Number of newspaper providers and
readers have declined since the 1980s 1920- Over 2,000 daily newspapers 1980- 1,745 daily newspapers 2000- 1,500 daily newspapers
Radio 1920- one-third of American households
owned a radio By 1933, over 60% of American households
listened to the radio in their homes Radio had assumed much of the role in
American society that television has today FDR was the first major public figure to use
radio effectively Fireside Chats
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/medialist.php?presid=32
Radio Radio remains a major source of news
and political information Majority of radio programs offer listeners
local perspectives Making radio an appealing medium for
American citizens Most cities offer at least one radio
station that broadcasts news all day NPR
Magazines Magazines have offered an independent
medium to Americans since the early 1700s 1741- Benjamin Franklin began his General
Magazine There are over 12,000 magazines
published in the U.S. today Time, Newsweek, U.S. News & World Report Most circulated news magazines
Magazines In one way or another, magazines relate
to some point of public affairs
Vs.
Public Agenda The public issues on which the people’s
attention is focused Framing: refers to the social construction
of a social phenomenon by mass media sources or specific political or social movements or organizations Selective process over an individual’s
perception
Public Opinion Immediate response to a policy/idea Expectation is… our opinions should
reflect our values, but our opinions are ever-changing “domain specific”- voters look at current
events as a basis for their opinions
Political Cartoons Identify the public issue that these
political cartoons are addressing What are your opinions of this medium?
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Political Cartoons