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Yahya Khan came in power in March 1969.Climate of political uncertainty.Political parties were not banned.LFO came on 30th March, 1970One Unit was Dissolved.Elections were announced, (5th October National

Assembly, 20th October, Provincial Assemblies)One man, one vote basis.

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Elections held in 1970.Awami League got 160/162 seats in East Pakistan

while Bhutto scored 87 in West.Crisis on issue of making of Government.Mujeeb presented 6 points agenda.Bhutto wanted his government in Center in spite

of lack of majority.

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Yahya favored Bhutto.Riots started in East Pakistan in March.Military action started on March 25,1971.Large scale violence.Lot of KillingsIndia supported “Mukti Bahni”.Civil war started.India attacked on December 3,1971.

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Pakistan Army surrendered on December 16,1971.

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About 90,000 Troops were made Prisoners of

War(POW’s).

The most humiliated defeat in the history of Islam.

East Pakistan emerged on the World map as a new

state named “Bangladesh”.

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Causes of debacle of East PakistanThe Geographical FactorLeadership VacuumLanguage Controversy.Cultural differences.Provincial prejudices.Sense of Deprivation.Economic Diversity.

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Role of Military. Defense problems.Administrative factors.Influence of Hindus.Political factors.

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Political history of Pakistan(1977-2012) Elections were held on March 7 in which

Pakistan Peoples Party managed to win 155 out of 200 seats in the National Assembly.

Pakistan National Alliance was only able to win 36 National Assembly seats.

PNA alleged rigging in election. At last Martial Law was imposed by Zia-ul-Haq on

5th July,1977 Bhutto was hanged on April 4,1979.

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Referendum 1984 The party less were elections held in 1985. Muhammad Khan Junejo becomes Prime

Minister. Eighth Amendment.lifting of Martial Law.Ojheri Camp incident near Islamabad on April 10,

1988. Dismissal of JUNEJO.

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Benazir’s first tenureIn the 1988 elections, Pakistan Peoples Party won

94 seats in the National AssemblyGhulam Ishaq Khan becomes President [1988-93] The conflict between the President and the Prime

Minister arose in two areas; the appointment of the Military Chiefs and the Superior Court Judges.

On August 6, 1990, President dissolved the National Assembly .

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Nawaz’s first tenureElections for the National and Provincial

Assemblies were held on October 24 and 27, 1990.

IJI secured 105 N.A seats while PPP gained 45.

Nawaz Sharif became Prime Minister.

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Gulf war

Privatization

Differences with COAS and President .

Campaign for abrogation of 58(2).

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President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dissolved the National

Assembly on April 18,1993, once again exercising his

power through the Eighth Amendment.

Restoration of National Assembly

by Supreme Court on May 26,1993.

Resignation of president and prime minister.

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Benazir’s second tenureThe elections for the National and Provincial

Assemblies were held on October 6 and 9,

1993,respectively.

PML(N) secured 73 N.A seats while PPP gained

83.

Benazir Bhutto becomes Prime minister.

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The Presidential election was held on November

13. Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari, the PPP

candidate, won by 274 to 168 votes against the

then acting President Wasim Sajjad.

Dismissal on 5th November 1996 due to corruption

charges on the government.

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Nawaz’s second tenureAs scheduled, elections were held on February 3,

1997. Pakistan Muslim League won with 2/3

majority.

It secured 134 N.A seats while PPP gained 18.

National debt retirement programme

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Pakistan’s Atomic Explosions

Lahore Declaration (21st Feb,1999)

Kargil Crisis

Military coup on 12th october,1999

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1999-2008On October 12, 1999, the Pakistan Army once

again ousted the Civilian Government.

Pervez Musharraf Becomes President [June 20,

2001]

Presidential referendum in 2002 and 97% success.

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The National and Provincial elections were held on

October 10,2002. Total elected members for the 342

National Assembly seats and 728 seats of the four

Provincial Assemblies.

PML(Q) gained 77 N.A seats

Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali sworn in as Prime

minister

Shaukat Aziz became PM in 2004.01/21/15

Judicial conflict

Emergency enforced

Nawaz came back after 7years exile

Benazir got murdered in Rawalpindi

Emergency lifted ,elections announced in 2008.

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2008-2012PPP forms government

Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani becomes prime minster.

Musharraf steps down.

Asif Zardari became president in 2008

After completing 5 years tenure,for the first time

in history of Pakistan,new democratic government

of PML(N) came in power in 2013.01/21/15