polo shirt

04/10/2023 1

WELCOMEto the

PRESENTATION ON Basic Polo Shirt

SUBJECT CODE : TEX-310 SUBJECT TITLE : GARMENTS TECHNOLOGY -2 LAB

AHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING 3RD YEAR 2ND SEMESTER, SPRING-2012

04/10/2023 2

Nasir Ahmed09.02.06.073

Md. Abdur Rahman09.01.06.072

Md. Asef Iqbal09.02.06.071

Md. Taibur Rahman09.02.06.072

Presented by-

04/10/2023 3

Presented to-

Mr. Chowdhury Jony MoinAssistant Professor

&Dr. A.S.M. Sayem

Lecturer

DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING AHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Content of the presentation-

Definition of Polo ShirtHistory of Polo ShirtANATOMY OF A POLO SHIRTDESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT

PARTS OF POLO SHIRTWhat is Seam?Different Types of seamsWHAT IS STITCH? Different Types of stitches Analysis of seams & Stitches

of a Basic Polo ShirtLayout Plan for a Polo Shirt

Making Factory Conclusion

5

A polo shirt, also known as a golf shirt and tennis shirt, is a T-shaped shirt with a collar, typically a two- or three-button placket, and an optional pocket. Polo shirts are usually made of knitted cloth (rather than woven cloth), usually piqué cotton or, less commonly, silk, merino wool, or synthetic fibers.

Polo shirt

04/10/2023

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, tennis players ordinarily wore "tennis whites" consisting of long-sleeved white button-up shirts (worn with the sleeves rolled up), flannel trousers, and ties.This attire presented problems for ease of play and comfort.

Rene Lacoste, the French 7-time Grand slamtennis champion, decided that the stiff tennis attire was too cumbersome and uncomfortable.He designed a white, short-sleeved, loosely-knit pique cotton (he called the cotton weave jersey petit piqué) shirt with an unstarched, flat, protruding collar, a buttoned placket, and a longer shirt-tail in back than in front (known today as a "tennis tail"), which he first wore at the 1926 U.S. Open championship.Beginning in 1927, Lacoste placed a crocodile emblem on the left breast of his shirts, as the American press had begun to refer to him as "The Crocodile",a nickname which he embraced.

In 1933, after retiring from professional tennis, Lacoste teamed up with André Gillier, a friend who was a clothing merchandiser, to market that shirt in Europe and North America. Together, they formed the company Chemise Lacoste and began selling their shirts, which included the small embroidered crocodile logo on the left breast

6

The History of the Polo Shirt

04/10/2023

7

Rene Lacoste wearing the traditional long sleeve woven shirt

Lacoste branded his polo shirts with a small crocodile emblem after his nickname "the crocodil “

04/10/2023

The History of the Polo Shirt(contd..)

ANATOMY OF A POLO SHIRT

804/10/2023

904/10/2023

ANATOMY OF A POLO SHIRT (contd)

DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF

POLO SHIRT

1004/10/2023

DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF POLO SHIRT (Contd)

Collar: The collar is as much a defining part of the polo shirt as any other feature. The collar

lies flat, but can be turned up at the back to keep the sun off the neck (this is especially important for tennis players, and the polo shirt was originally designed by a tennis player). Traditional polo shirt collars are a rib-knit; however, now some polo shirts have self-fabric colors, which are made from the same fabric/knit as the rest of the shirt.

Placket: The placket is the area of the garment where one piece fastens to another. On a polo

shirt, this is below the collar, where the shirt buttons. Buttons: Women’s style polo shirts often do not have buttons, but instead have a collar and a

small v-neck. Men’s polo shirts have buttons on the right side, typically two or three . Cuff: The end of the sleeve is known as the cuff. Some polos have rib knit cuffs, while others

have self-fabric cuffs.

1104/10/2023

DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF POLO SHIRT (Contd)

Tape: In fabric terms, “tape” is a narrow piece of fabric. The best polo shirts have a “fully taped neck.” This strip of

fabric appears on the inside of the neck, helping to maintain the structure of the shirt, while making it more comfortable by covering the seam between the collar and the shirt. It also helps to absorb perspiration.

Side Seam: Side seams help to give polo shirts a more fitted shape. Side vent: The side vents are at the bottom of the shirt. Usually they are taped along the hem, though sometimes they

are double-needled stitched. On athletic shirts and performance shirts, there is usually a small piece of tape on the outside of the shirt at the top of the vent, which aids in keeping the shirt tucked in.

Extended Tail: It is noticed on many polo shirts, the back of the shirt is longer than the front of the shirt. This helps keep the

shirt from coming un-tucked. Hem: Hem is less likely to unravel, and also give the shirt a more finished look.

1204/10/2023

WHAT IS SEAM?

In apparel manufacturing seams are former when two or more pieces of fabric are joined by stitches. Seams have three dimensions: length, width & depth.

Seam is the join between two & more plies of material. Seams are usually formed by welding, adhesives, stitching or other joining means are sometimes used.

According to British Standard “Seam is the application of a series of stitches or stitch types to one or several thickness of material for functional or decorative purposes”.

1304/10/2023

14

01) CLASS-1-SUPER IMPOSED SEAM 02) CLASS-2-LAPPED SEAM 03) CLASS-3-BOUND SEAM 04) CLASS-4-FLAT SEAM 05) CLASS-5-DECORATIVE SEAM 06) CLASS-6 EDGE NEATENING SEAM07) CLASS-7 APPLIED SEAM08) CLASS-8 SINGLE PLY CONSTRUCTION

Different Types of seam

04/10/2023

15

The seam of class-1 is called superimposed seam. This is the most common & mostly used seam for joining fabrics. In this seam, two plies of fabric are placed on one another perfectly & then the fabrics are sewn. The sewn edges of the fabrics remain in the same side.

Different Types of seam (contd)

Class -1- Super imposed seam

04/10/2023

16


The seam of class-2 is called lapped seam. At least two plies of fabric is required to produce this type of seam. The two Sewn edges remain in two opposite sides of the sewing line/seam line.

Class-2- Lapped seam

04/10/2023

17


The seam of class-3 is called bound seam. For producing bound seam at least two plies of fabric are required. The edge of One ply of fabric is bounded by the other. Folder is used in sewing machine for producing bound seam.

Class-3- Bound seam:

04/10/2023

18

The seam of class -4 is called flat seam where zigzag stitches are used by 2-need sewing machine. In this seam two plies of fabric are placed side by side & then they are sewn together by zigzag stitch.


Class-4- Flat seam:

04/10/2023

19

The seam of class-5 is called decorative seam. This seam is used in order to decorative purpose. The fabric which we used that would be folded in several times and then according to the under side of the folded part of the fabric stitch can be produced.

Class-5-Decorative Seam


04/10/2023

20

The seam of class-6- is called edge neatening which is used to holds the edge of the fabric such that the yarns of the fabric can not open easily. All the over Lock stitch is edge neatening class seam.

Class-6-Edge Neatening:


04/10/2023

21


This is called applied seam because these are mainly used to apply any decorative material to an edge or seam such as lace.

Class-7-Applied Seam

04/10/2023

22


This seam is formed when it is constructed from one ply of fabric by folding it differently. An example is belt loop.

Class-8-Simgle ply construction

04/10/2023

According to ASTM D 6193 “ A stitch is the configuration of the interlacing of sewing thread in a specific repeated unit”.

Simply every unit of a seam line formed by interlooping, intralooping or interlacing of one or more threads is called stitch.

A stitching consists of a series of stitches emboided in a material for ornamental purposes or finishing an edge or both.

23

WHAT IS STITCH?

04/10/2023

04/10/2023 24

Different Types of stitch

1. Stitch class-100 : Chain stitch 2. Stitch class-200 : Hand stitch 3. Stitch class-300 : Lock stitch 4. Stitch class-400 : Multi thread chain stitch 5. Stitch class-500 : Over edge/Edge neatening chain stitch 6. Stitch class-600 : Covering chain stitch

25

Different Types of stitch (contd)

Chain stitches are produced by one or more needle threads and are charcterised by intralooping. One needle thread is passed through the fabric, form needle loop and is secured by the next loop formed by the same thread. Thus stitches are produced. This type of stitches is much unsecured.

Stitch class-100: Chain stitch

04/10/2023

Face side Under side

26

Stitch class-200: Hand stitch


04/10/2023

This type is originated from hand stitches. It is produced from a single thread. This thread is passed through the fabric from one side to another and the stitch is secured by the single line of thread passing in and out of the garment


27

This type of stitches is produced with two or more groups of threads. Here the two threads are joined by interlacing. Loops of one group are passed through the material and are secured by the thread of second group. On e group is referred as needle thread and other as bobbin thread.

Stitch class-300: Lock stitch


04/10/2023


28

This class is formed with two or more groups of threads. Loops of one group of thread are passed through the material and are secured by interlacing and interloping with loops of another group. Here on group is called needle thread and another group looper thread.

Stitch class-400: Multi thread chain stitch


04/10/2023


29

The stitch type in this class is formed with one or more groups of threads. Here at least one group of thread passes around the edge of material. So no thread from the fabric can come out. The most frequently used stitch of this type have one or two needle threads and one or two looper threads and thus forms a narrow band of stitching along the edge of the fabric.

Stitch class-500: Over edge/Edge neatening chain stitch


04/10/2023

Face & back side

30

This type of stitches is generally produced with 3 groups of threads. Threads of two groups can be seen from either side. The first group of thread is called needle thread, second is called top cover thread and the third is called bottom cover thread. The stitches of this class are very complex and up to 9 threads can be used in producing these stitches

Stitch class-600: Covering chain stitch


04/10/2023

Face side Back side

31

ANALYSIS OF SEAMS & STITCHES OF A BASIC POLO SHIRT

04/10/2023

32

Side Seam : Joining Front & Back Part

ANALYSIS OF SEAMS & STITCHES OF A BASIC POLO SHIRT (contd)

Front side of side seam Back side of side seam

Seam class : Edge Neatening & supper Impose Stitch class : Overlock (514) & Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023

33

Stitch type 301

This type of stitch is formed with two threads: one needle thread (A) and one bobbin thread (B). A loop of thread (A) is passed through the material and interlaced with thread (B). Thread (A) is then pulled back so that the interlacing is midway between surfaces of the material or materials being sewn. Ideally, this stitch should have a 1 : 1 ratio of needle to bobbin thread.

04/10/2023


Side Seam : Joining Front & Back Part(contd)

34

Side Seam : Joining Front & Back Part(contd)

Stitch type 514

This type of stitch is formed with four threads: two needle threads (A & A1) a lower looper thread (B) and an upper looper thread (C). Loops of the needle threads (A & a1) are passed through the material and interlooped with loops of thread (B) at the point of penetration on the underside of the material. The loops of thread (B) are extended to the edge of the material and there interlooped with loops of thread (C). Loops of thread (C) are extended from this interlooping point of the needle penetration of the next stitch and there, interlooped with threads (A & A1).

04/10/2023


35

Hem :

Front side of Hem Back side of Hem

Seam class : Edge Neatening Stitch class : Multi Thread Chain Stitch (406)

04/10/2023


36

This type of stitch is formed with three threads: two needle threads (A & A1) and one looper thread (B). Loops of the needle threads (A & A1) are passed through the material and interlaced and interlooped with loop of thread (B). These interloopings are then drawn against the underside of the material being sewn.

Stitch type 406

04/10/2023


Hem : (contd)

37

Arm Scye : Joining Body part & Sleeve

Front part of Arm Scye Back Part of Arm Scye

Seam class : Edge Neatening & Lapped Seam (Lsb)Stitch class :Overlock (514) & Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


38

Seam class : Lapped Seam (Lsb)Stitch class :Overlock (514)

Front part of Rib Knit Back Part ofRib Knit

04/10/2023


Rib Knit: Joining Rib Knit & Sleeve

39

Placket : Joining Button Plate & front Part

Seam class : Upper Part- Lapped Seam (Lsag) Lower Part- Bound Seam(BSc)Stitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

Front part of Placket Back Part of Placket

04/10/2023


40

Collar : Joining With front & Back Part

Front part of Collar Back Part of Collar

Seam class : Lapped Seam (Lsi)Stitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


41

Neck Rib : Joined with Collar

Seam class : Superimposed Seam (SSau)Stitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


Neck Rib

42

Main Label & size Label: Joined With Neck Rib & Back Part

Seam class : Applied seamStitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


Main Label & size Label

43

Care Label: Joined with Side Seam

Seam class : Applied seamStitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


Care Label

44

Extended Vent

Seam class : Applied SeamStitch class : Lock Stitch (301)

04/10/2023


Front part of Extended Vent Back Part of Extended Vent

04/10/2023 45

Operation of Used Machine

2-needles, 4-threadsOverlock Machine

Knit Shirt Center Placket

Lockstitch Buttonholing MachineLockstitch Button sewing Machine

3-needle, covering stitch

2-needle, 4-thread Overlock Machine

Cylinder-bed, 2-needles,4-threads Overlock machine

1-needle, Lockstitch Machine with an Automatic Thread Trimmer

Name of Area Seam Class Stitch Class01. Side Seam Edge Neatening & supper

Impose Overlock (514) & Lock Stitch (301)

02. Hem Edge Neatening Multi Thread Chain Stitch (406)

03. Arm Scye Edge Neatening & Lapped Seam (Lsb)

Overlock (514) & Lock Stitch (301)

04. Rib Knit Lapped Seam (Lsb) Overlock (514)

05. Collar Lapped Seam (Lsi) Lock Stitch (301)

06. Neck Rib Superimposed Seam (SSau) Lock Stitch (301)

07. Main Label & size Label Applied seam Lock Stitch (301)

08. Care Label Applied seam Lock Stitch (301)

09. Extended Vent Applied seam Lock Stitch (301)

10. Placket Lapped Seam (Lsag)& Bound Seam (BSc)

Lock Stitch (301)

Seam & Stitch Information

04/10/2023 47

Layout Plan for a Polo Shirt Making Factory

In the following table a machine requirement plan or layout has been shown for the production of 500 Polo shirts in 8 hours shift. Machine types and machine requirement in each operation has been also given in the following table.

04/10/2023 48

Seq. No. Operations M/c Type No. Of Machines

1 Placket Rolling 1N Lock Stitch 1

2 Placket Join 1N Lock Stitch 1

3 Nose Tuck 1N Lock Stitch 14 Shoulder Join Over lock 1

5 Collar Join 1N Lock Stitch 26 Collar Piping Over lock 1

7 Upper Placket Top 1N Lock Stitch 1

8 Lower Placket Top 1N Lock Stitch 1

9 Back Neck Top 1N Lock Stitch 2

10 Placket top 1N Lock Stitch 1

11 Placket Box 1N Lock Stitch 214 Sleeve Cuff Join Over lock 115 Cuff Top Stitch Flat lock 116 Sleeve Join Over lock 1.517 Arm Hole Top Flat lock 118 Side Seam Over lock 1.519 Body Hem Flat lock 1

20 Sleeve tuck 1N Lock Stitch 121 Button Hole Button Holer 1

22 Button Stitch Button Stitcher 1Total 24

Layout Plan for a Polo Shirt Making Factory(Contd)

04/10/2023 49

In the presentation we mainly focused on various seams & stitches used in polo shirt & the features & formation of these.However Knit wear is a big potential in the Ready Made Garments export of Bangladesh. Among knitwear polo shirts plays a vital role. In the fiscal year of 2010-11 Bangladesh earned 9482.06 million US dollar from the export of knitwear, which was 46.25% more than fiscal year of 2009-10. The share of knitwear in total apparel export was 52.93% & 41.36% of total Bangladesh export in the fiscal year of 2010-11. It's a widely held belief that Bangladesh is going to be the biggest beneficiary of any move of garment sourcing out of China. But not only is the volume of Bangladeshi exports slowing, prices are also inflating - and a serious shortage of manufacturing capacity means the country is struggling to cope with extra demand. I n January 2011, for example, Bangladeshi garment imports into the US were 17% up, when measured in square meters of fabric, on January 2010. But by November 2011, they were down 14%.However Knitters have aimed to export knitwear products worth $20 billion by 2020 with shipments to new destinations, maintaining an upward trend, exporters said.Finally, We strongly believe that we have got to set a target if we want to move in the right direction. As a nation, we have set so many examples of accomplishments. Here $ 20 billion target is not that much hard if we can align all our efforts to the mission. A good balance between market expansion and product diversification will sustain and enhance Bangladesh’s position in the world market.

Conclusion:

04/10/2023 50

ANY QUESTION?

04/10/2023 51

THANK YOU ALL

polo shirt

Lifestyle

tennis shirt

shirt buttons

golf shirt

traditional polo shirt

polo shirtcontd

best polo shirts

mens polo shirts

longer shirttail