Brussels,  28-­‐30  September

Polychaeta (Annelida)  in  WoRMS

Geoff  Read

NIWA  New  Zealand

Context  interface

www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/index.php

Swimming — an  unexpected skill of  Polychaeta

Teuthidodrilus =  squidworm

Swima bombiviridis

Nereididae

Polynoidae Syllidae

SyllidaeAlciopidaeAcrocirridae

Acrocirridae

Group  in  WoRMS all  taxa  names

all species  names

valid  species  names

Class Polychaeta 23,872 20,135 11,615

Subclass Echiura 296 234 197

Subclass Errantia 12,686 10,849 6,210

Subclass Polychaeta incertae sedis 354 265 199

Subclass Sedentaria 10,528 8,787 5,009

Non-­‐marine  Polychaeta 28 16  (3 terrestrial)

Class Clitellata* 1601 1086  (279  Hirudinea)

Total  WoRMS  Polychaeta  records,  excluding   fossils  

91  valid  families.   Entries  >98%  editor  checked,  except  Echiura (69%)

Echiura were   recently  a  separate phylum

*Total  valid  non-­‐leech  clitellates~5000  spp,  1700  aquatic.  (Martin  et  al.  2008)  

Annelida  diversity"It  is  now  clear   that  annelids,   in  addition   to  including   a  large  number  of  species,  encompass  a  much  greater  disparity  of  body  plans  than  previously  anticipated,   including  animals   that  are  segmented   and  unsegmented,   with  and  without  parapodia,  with  and  without  chaetae,  coelomate   and  acoelomate,   with  straight  guts  and  with  U-­‐shaped  digestive   tracts,   from  microscopic   to  gigantic."   (Andrade  et  al.  2015)

Andrade  et  al  (2015)  “Articulating  “archiannelids”:  Phylogenomics and  annelid  relationships,  with  emphasis  on  meiofaunal taxa.”  Molecular  Biology  and  Evolution,  efirst

Myzostomida (images  Summers  et  al)EV  Nautilus:  Riftia Semenov:  Terebellidae

Annelida  latest phylogeny

“…  it  is  now  well  accepted   that  Annelida   includes   many  taxa  formerly  considered  different  phyla  or  with  supposed  affiliations  with  other  animal  groups,  such  as  Sipuncula,  Echiura,  Pogonophora and  Vestimentifera,  Myzostomida,  or  Diurodrilida(Struck  et  al.  2011;  Kvist  and  Siddall  2013;  Weigert et  al.  2014;  Andrade  et  al.  2015;  Laumer et  al.  2015a;  Struck  et  al.  2015).”

Giribet,  G.  (2015)  New  animal  phylogeny:  future  challenges  for  animal  phylogeny  in  the  age  of  phylogenomics.  Organisms  Diversity  &  Evolution,  efirst,  1-­‐8.

Myzostomida (images  Summers  et  al)

Higher   &  higher   ranks:  the  collapse  of  Pogonophora etc into  family  Siboglinidae

In  2001  Rouse  distilled   two  phyla  (Pogonophora,  Vestimentifera),  as  well  as  two  subphyla,  three  classes,  and  13  families  down  into  family  Siboglinidae

Nothing  adverse  …  deep-­‐sea  siboglinid research   continues  apace  

Currently   there  are  32  siboglinid genera   and  just  178  species

What  has  happened  since?

State  of  play  — current  WoRMS  Polychaeta  ad  hoc  hierarchy  

Subclass  Echiura

Subclass    Polychaeta   incertae sedis

Subclass    Errantia

Order    AmphinomidaOrder    EunicidaOrder    Phyllodocida

Subclass    Sedentaria

Suborder    Aphroditiformia

Suborder    Glyceriformia

Suborder    Nereidiformia

Suborder    Phyllodociformia

Suborder    Phyllodocida incertae sedis

Infraclass    Canalipalpata

Family    Chaetopteridae

Infraclass    Scolecida

Order    Sabellida

Order    Spionida

Order    Terebellida

Annelida  latest phylogeny

Myzostomida (images  Summers  et  al)Siboglinidae

ClitellataEchiura

Sedentaria

Errantia

Myzostomida

Sipuncula  

First-­‐split  annelidsoutgroups Fig.  5  ML  tree.  Andrade  et  al  (2015)  

“Articulating  “archiannelids”:  Phylogenomics and  annelid  relationships,  with  emphasis  on  meiofaunal taxa.”  Molecular  Biology  and  Evolution,  efirst.

Where  or  what  is  'Polychaeta'  now?  

Is  it  a  superfluous  name?  

Is  it  Errantia plus  Sedentaria,   which  latter  includes   Clitellates(oligochaetes   &  hirudinea)  plus  Echiura?

Planning  ahead  …  Annelidabase?    Discuss  with  colleagues?

Planning  ahead  …  Annelidabase?    Discuss  with  colleagues?

AnnelidaAnnelida

Annelida

Brussels,  28-­‐29-­‐30   September

Sabella   spallanzanii by  C.  Middleton    

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