polymers in medicine post
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Polymers in Medicine
Dr. Clower
Polymers
Natural vs. synthetic
Industries
What is a polymer?
Monomer
Dimer
Oligomer
Polymer
Structure
Linear
Branched
Crosslinked
Dendrimers
Properties
Size and structure
Density
Crystallinity
Strength
Example:
CH2
n
CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2
Naming
Simple polymers:
CH2 CH2
Cl
n
n
nCl
Copolymers
Alternating
Block
Graft
Random
A B A B A B
A A A A B B B B
A A A A A
B
B
Hexanedioic acid (adipic acid) + 1,6-hexanediamine
(hexamethylenediamine)
Nylon 6,6
Nylon 6
O
O
HN
NH
n
Nylons
O
OH
O
HO NH2
H2N+
NH
nO
Kevlar
C C N N
O O
H Hn
Polyesters
Poly (ethylene terephthalate)
O R
O
n
O
OHO
HO
terephthalic acid
HO
OH
ethylene glycol
+
CC O
O
O O
n
Polyurethanes
Spandex
Other polyurethanes
R
NH
O
R
O
Polycarbonates
Lexan
Other polymers of note…
PTFE
1,1-DCE
PMMA
PEA
Cyanoacrylates
PP
CH2 C
CH3
C
O
O CH3
CH2 C
CN
CO2R
CH2 C
H
C
O
O CH2CH3
CH2 C
CH3
H
CH2 C
Cl
Cl
C C
F
F
F
F
Polymerizations
Step-growth/condensation
Polymerizations
Chain/addition
Polymers in medicine
Choosing a polymer
Design
Biodegradability
Other factors
Biodegradable polymers
Degradation
Sutures
Polyglycolide (PGA)
Polylactide (PLA)
Copolymers
O Cn
O
O Cn
O
CH3
Other medicinal uses…
LDPE
PP
PTFE
PMMA
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
Other medicinal uses…
Polyamides/Nylons
PETE
PLA/PGA
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Poly(ether urethanes)
PVC
Drug-polymer conjugate
http://www.neurospine.com/brain_gliadel.htm http://www.moffitt.usf.edu/pubs/ccj/v5n2/article4.html
Drug delivery
Drug
linker
polymer