Polysaccharides:Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate molecules composed of long chains of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages and on hydrolysis give the constituent monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. They range in structure from linear to highly branched. Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen, and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin.

Given Below are the types of Polysaccharide with their chemical formula and structure

1) Starch: Starch or amylum is a polysaccharide, a digestible complex carbohydrate made of thousands of glucose moleculesChemical Formula:- (C; 6H; 10O; 5) nStructure of Starch:-

2) Dextrin:-Dextrins, also called starch gum, artificial gum, British gum or vegetable gum, are partially hydrolyzed starches, which are short-chain polysaccharides composed of glucose molecules linked by alpha-(1,4) and alpha-(1,6) glycosidic bonds.

Chemical Formula:- (C6H10O5)nStructure of Dextrin:-Structure of a dextrin with α-(1→4) and α-(1→6) glycosidic bond

3) Glycogen:-Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. The polysaccharide structure represents the main storage form of glucose in the body

Chemical Formula:- C24H42O21

Structure of Glycogen:-

4)Polydextrose:-Polydextrose is a synthetic low-calorie carbohydrate, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose (dextrose) and sorbitol, which are derived from cornstarch, and citric or phosphoric acid. Polydextrose is a soluble fiber

Chemical Formula:- C12H22O11Structure of Polydextrose:-

5) Inulin:-Inulin is an indigestible carbohydrate, a polysaccharide made of 20 to several thousands fructose molecules with a glucose molecule on the end. Inulin belongs to fructans. It is a soluble fiber.Chemical Formula:- C6nH10n+2O5n+1Structure of lnulin:-

6) Beta Glucan :-

Beta-glucans are indigestible carbohydrates, polysaccharides composed of glucose. They are dietary fiber. Two types of beta-glucans are described below: beta 1,3/1,4 D-glucan (soluble fiber), and beta 1,3/1,6 D-glucan (insoluble fiber).

Chemical Formula:- C18H30O14X2

Structure of Beta Glucan:-

7) Glucomannan or konjac gum:-

Glucomannan or konjac gum is a viscous soluble fiber extracted from the root of the konjac plant (Amorphophallus konjac), native in Asia . It is an indigestible carbohydrate, a polysaccharide made of glucose and mannose. It can absorb 100 times its weight of water. Glucomannan is almost completely fermentable by the normal colonic bacteria , but, according to claims on certain products, it provides no or only few calories

Structure of Glucomannan or konjac gum :-

8) Chitin and Chitosan:-Chitin is a non-digestible carbohydrate extracted from the shells of crabs, lobsters, shrimps, Antarctic krills or other crustaceans. It is made of acetylated glucosamine molecules linked by beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds

Chitosan is naturally or synthetically produced by deacetylation of chitin (removing acetyl [COCH3] groups). In the human intestine, chitin and chitosan act as a viscous insoluble fiber [1]. They are partly degraded by normal colonic bacteria into glucosamine

Chemical Formula:- Chitin (C8H13O5N) Structure of Chitin:-

9) Agar or agar-agar:-

Agar or agar-agar is a dry extract of red marine algae (seaweeds), which contains soluble fiber. It is used as a food additive and supplement. Agar-agar in Malay means “jelly.”Chemical Formula:- C14H24O9Structure of Ager:-