ponte na china, 512m de vão – corda (fiber rope) · 2006-11-27 · ponte na china, 512m de vão...
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Ponte na China, 512m de vão – corda (fiber rope)Leonhardt, F.Brucken, “Bridges : aesthetics and design” Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1982
Materiais, tecnologias e concepção (continuação)
S. Calatrava
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ALVENARIA
Nîmes
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Aspesos, Turquia Capadócia Vollubillis (tijolo)
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Templo das Antas, sec. III AC
Vollubillis
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Ponte Aqueduto du Gard
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MADEIRA NAS ESTRUTURAS
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Leicester, 1150
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Westminster, sec XIV aprox.
Ponte de Palladio, sec. XVI
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Casa da Árvore, Montreal
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Laval
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Gaudí, Sagrada Família
Maillart, Arve
Calatrava, Wohlen
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Pontes Suspensas
Sevilha, S. Calatrava
Ponte pedonal, UK - 1995
In “Pontes e Estética”, Leonhardt
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EVOLUÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA E COBERTURAS DE GRANDES VÃOS
Alvenaria de pedra Betão Armado Aço
Ar Comprimido Madeira Cabos
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Aya Sophia537 AD
31m de diâmetro e 56m de altura
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Akita, 178m – Madeira - 1997 Saporo, 218m - Aço, 2001
Astrodome, 196m – Aço, 1965 Vancouver, 232x190m Membrana com ar comprimido, 1983
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Interdisciplinaridade das Tecnologias
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Cabos, 365m / Londres, 1999
Filipe II -Barcelona
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Panteão, Roma43m vão, 124 AD Seattle, 202m de vão
1976-2000
AlvenariaBetão Armado
Durabilidade ou perspectivas sociais?
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Tipos de acção sobre elementos estruturais
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CONCEPÇÃO ESTRUTURAL
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Torroja
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No plano um corpo rígido têm três graus de liberdade,
correspondentes às duastranslações segundo duas direcções
ortogonais e a uma rotação em torno da direcção
perpendicular ao plano.
in Estática
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Problemas de “Estática” - Estruturas isostáticas
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# Cabrita Neves, IST
Exprima que a soma de forças tem que ser zeroem direcções não paralelas e que o momento énulo em um ponto qualquer
# Cabos
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# Tubos cilíndricos sob pressão
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Resistência Conferida pela Forma
Kimball Museum
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Real ellipsoid x /a +y /b +z /c =1
Hyperboloid of one sheet x /a +y /b -z /c =1
Hyperboloid of two sheets x /a +y /b -z /c =-1
Real quadric cone x /a +y /b -z /c =0
Elliptic paraboloid x /a +y /b +2z=0
Hyperbolic paraboloid x /a -y /b +2z=0
Real elliptic cylinder x /a +y /b =1
Hyperbolic cylinder x /a -y /b =1
Parabolic cylinder x +2y=0
Quádricas
Elipsóide
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Hiperbolóide de uma e duas folhas
Parabolóide e parabolóide hiperbólico
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Billington
Heinz Isler Over Arup
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www.columbia.edu/.../BSI/SHELL_MS/shell_ms.html