pooja nisha

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    MADE BY POOJA KANSAL

    NISHA YADAV

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    Public speaking is the

    process of speaking to agroup of people in astructured, deliberatemanner intended to

    inform, influence, orentertain the listeners. Itis closely allied to"presenting", although the

    latter has more of acommercial connotation.

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    Gloss phobia or speech anxiety is the fear of

    public speaking.

    Symptoms include:

    -Intense anxiety prior to, or simply at the

    thought of having to verbally communicate

    with any group.

    -Avoidance of events which focus the group'sattention on individuals in attendance.

    -Physical distress, nausea

    , or feelings ofpanic in

    such circumstances.

    FEAR OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

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    Some problem areas you want to watchfor are.

    -Pacing back and forth

    -Playing with your hair (normally

    done by women)

    -Playing with objects (pointers,

    markers, etc.)-Rocking front-to-back or side-to-side

    -Staring

    -Standing rigidly in one place

    -Speaking with your head down or

    bowed

    -Locking hands together or twiddling

    thumbs

    -Tapping your fingers

    -Pushing up your glasses

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    Standing, walking or moving about with appropriatehand gesture or facial expression is preferred tositting down or standing still with head down andreading from a prepared speech. Do not over-dazzleyour audience with excessive use of animation, soundclips, or gaudy colors which are inappropriate for yourtopic. Do not torture your audience by putting alengthy document in tiny print .

    BODY LANGUAGE

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    Speak with conviction as if youreally believe in what you aresaying. Persuade your audienceeffectively. The material you

    present orally should have thesame ingredients as that whichare required for a writtenresearch paper

    SPEAK WITH CONVICTION

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    Do not read from notesfor any extended lengthof time although it is

    quite acceptable to glanceat your notesinfrequently. Speak loudlyand clearly. Soundconfident. Do not mumble.

    If you made an error,correct it, and continue.No need to make excusesor apologize profusely.

    DO NOTREAD FROM NOTES

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    Maintain sincereeye contact withyour audience.Use the 3-second method, e.g. look straight intotheeyesofa person in theaudiencefor 3 secondsata time. Havedirecteyecontact withanumberof people in theaudience, andeverynow and thenglanceat the wholeaudience whilespeaking. Useyoureyecontact to makeeveryone inyour

    audiencefeel involved.

    MAINTAIN SINCEREEYECONTACT

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    Speak toyouraudience, listen to their questions,respond to theirreactions, adjustandadapt. If whatyou haveprepared isobviouslynotgettingacross toyouraudience, changeyourstrategy mid-stream ifyouare wellprepared todoso. Remember thatcommunication is thekey toasuccessfulpresentation.Ifyouareshortof time, know whatcanbesafelyleftout. Ifyou haveextra time, know whatcouldbe

    effectivelyadded. Alwaysbepreparedfor theunexpected.

    SPEAK

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    Allow yourselfandyouraudiencealittle time toreflectand think. Don't

    race throughyourpresentationandleaveyouraudience, as wellasyourself, feelingoutofbreath.

    PAUSE

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    Know when to STOP talking. Usea timeror themicrowaveovenclock to timeyourpresentation whenpreparing itathome. Justasyoudon't use unnecessary words inyourwrittenpaper, youdon'tboreyouraudience withrepetitious

    or unnecessary words inyouroralpresentation. Toendyourpresentation, summarizeyourmainpoints in thesame wayasyounormallydo in the CONCLUSIONofa writtenpaper.Remember, however, that there isadifferencebetweenspoken wordsappropriatefor theearandformally writtenwords intendedforreading. Terminateyourpresentation

    withan interestingremarkoranappropriatepunchline.Leaveyourlisteners withapositive impressionandasenseofcompletion. Donotbelaboryourclosingremarks. Thankyouraudienceandsitdown.