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Our Pranams At Thy Lotus Feet

Aum Sri Sai Ram

Population Growth of India

Content…

Introduction …

What do you mean by Population ?Why all the countries are facing this

population problem ?Therefore, all the countries should take care

population growth if they seriously wish to solve their poverty problem and put their economy on the path of development .

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The three stages of Demographic transition

1) Birth rate and Death rate are high2) Decline in the death rate3) Decline in the birth rate as well as in the

death rate.

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The Demographics of IndiaPopulation : 1,236,344,631 (July 2014 est.)[1] (

2nd)Growth rate:1.51% (2009 est.) (93rd)Birth rate: 20.22 births/1,000 population (2013

est.) Death rate: 7.4 deaths/1,000 population (2013

est.)Life expectancy: 68.89 years (2009 est.)

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Con…

• India is the second most populous country in the world .

• It has more than a sixth of the world’s population.

• India is projected to be the world’s most populous country by 2025 surpassing China

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Con…Currently India has more than

80% of its population below the age of 25

65% are below the age of 35.It is expected that in 2020, the

average age of an Indian will be 29 years

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Growth of India’s PopulationCensus Year Population in Crore Density of Population

1901 23.83 77

1951 36.11 117

1961 43.92 142

1971 54.82 177

1981 68.33 216

1991 84.64 267

2001 102.87 325

2011 121.02 382

111901 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 20110

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40

60

80

100

120

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Population in Crore

Population in Crore

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Birth and Death Rate

• Population is a function of birth rate, death rate and the level and direction of migration

Year Birth rate per 1000 persons

Death rate per 1000 person

1950-51 39.9 27.4

1960-61 41.7 22.8

1970-71 36.9 14.9

1980-81 33.9 12.5

1990-91 29.5 9.8

2000-01 25.4 8.4

2010-11 22.1 7.2

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Malthusian Theory of Population• Thomas Robert

Malthus• Born• 14 February 1766

Surrey, England• Died• 29 December 1834

(aged 68)Bath, England

• Field• Demography,

macroeconomics• School/tradition• Classical economics

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Con...

• According to Malthusian theory of population, population increases in a geometrical ratio, whereas food supply increases in an arithmetic ratio.

• (geometric progression 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and so forth. The arithmetic progression 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and so on)

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Con..

• This disharmony would lead to widespread poverty and starvation, which would only be checked by natural occurrences such as disease, high infant mortality, famine, war or moral restraint.

• His theory was wrong because Malthus only considered two factors when he established his basic graph: food supply and population growth. Other factors such as improvements in technology proved him wrong. He was right at his time but development made him wrong.

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India’s Population: The Future :

• Absolute level of population

• Regional pattern• Double burden of disease• Urbanizations projections

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Con…

• Consequences for economic growth

• Pressures on environment• Political and administrative

challenges

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Causes of rapid growth of population

• The possible causes of an increase in the population growth

a) High birth rate b) Low death ratec) Immigration

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Causes of Decline in the Mortality Rate

• Elimination of famines• Control of Epidemics and decline

in the incidence of Malaria, Tuberculosis etc.

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Causes of high birth rate:Economic Factors

Predominance of Agriculture Slow urbanization process and predominance of

villages PovertySocial Factors

Child MarriageReligious and social superstitionsJoint Family System

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Population Growth as a factor of Economic development

• No doubt that rapidly growth of population makes a positive contribution to the economy. But it is true that rapidly growing population retards the process of development.

• It acts as a drag on economic resources.•

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Let us see How population growth creates several obstacles...

• Population and growth of national and per capita income

• Population and food supply• Output of food grain and per capita availability

of food grains• Double burden of diseases• Urbanizations Projections

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• Population and unemployment• Population and burden of education, medical

care and housing.

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National Population Policy (2000)

The NDA Govt finally decided on15th February 2000to adopt the national population policy with a view to encourage two-child norm and aim at stabilising the population by 2046 A.D

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The Main Features of this policy are:

1. Reduction of infant mortality as well as maternal mortality.

2. To, achieve 80 percent deliveries in regulate dispensaries and hospitals

3. Access to information, containing AIDS, preventation and control of communicable diseases.

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Con…

4. Incentive to adopt two child small family norm.

5. Strict enforcement of child marriage restrict act .

6. A special reward for women who marry after 21.

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Definition of demographic dividend

• This dividend period generally lasts for a long time - typically five decades or more. Eventually, however, the reduced birth rate reduces the labour force growth. Meanwhile, improvements in medicine and better health practices leads to an ever-expanding elderly population, sapping additional income and putting an end to the demographic dividend.

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:Demographic dividend :There has been an increase of 181.96 million

persons in absolute number of population in

India during 2001-11

Increase among males: 90.97 million

Increase among females: 90.99 million

Growth Rate of females (18.3%) is higher

than males (17.1%)

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Con…•Population of India grew by 17.7% during 2001-11, against 21.5% in the previous decade

•Among the major States, highest decadal growth in population has been recorded in Bihar (25.4%)

•14 States/UTs have recorded population growth above 20%.

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Sex Composition of Child Population(0-6) – India 2011

The total number of children in India is 164.5 millions, about 660 thousand more than the number recorded in 2001

Male Child (0-6) population has increased whereas Female Child population has decreased marginally during 2001-11

8 States, viz. Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Meghalaya have proportion of child population more than 15 percent.

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• Work Participation Rate (WPR)

Worker: A person who has participated in any economically productive activity with or without compensation or profit

Types of workers :a. Main workerb. Marginal workerc. Non worker

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Con… Main Worker: Persons who worked for 6 months or more

during the reference year

Marginal Worker: Persons who worked for less than 6 months. For the first time in Census 2011, the marginal workers

have been sub-divided in two categories, namely, those worked for less than 3 months and those who worked for 3 to 6 months

Non-Worker: Persons who did not work at all during the reference period. Includes students, persons engaged in household duties, dependents, pensioners,

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• Our population and our use of the finite resources of planet Earth are growing exponentially, along with our technical ability to change the environment for good or ill.

By- Stephen Hawking

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