port management-ce's lecture18!11!2005

8/12/2019 Port Management-ce's Lecture18!11!2005

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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE

COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, MANGALORE

SHORT COURSE ON COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

PORT MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY

M.M. KAMATH, B.E., D.I.I.T.F.I.E., F.I.V.,M.I.G.S., C.Eng. (I), M.I.M.A.

CHIEF ENGINEER (CIVIL)

NEW MANGALORE PORT TRUST


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PORT MANAGEMENT

1. INTRODUCTION :

Ports are the principal conduits throuh !hich the econo"ic li#e o# a "ariti"enation #lo!s. As "ariti"e ate!a$s% ports ser&e as inter#ace 'et!een seaand land lin(s and ha&e to handle enor"ous #lo! o# oods% !hich are 'ro(endo!n into s"aller #lo!s #or distri'ution to the hinterland '$ road% rail andinland !ater !a$s. The Port de#inition area is sho!n in )i. 1. Thus the portis a crucial su'*s$ste" o# the total transport chain. Ports handle +,- o# the!orlds trade and hence its capacit$ and e##icienc$ !ill deter"ines the ro!thand econo"ic potential o# the reion or the countr$. The appro/i"ate'rea(do!n o# cost in a transport chain are as under:

* Pre Carriae ,0-* Port andlin 2-* 3ea )reiht 42-* Port andlin 5-* On carriae ,1-

Thus the pri"ar$ #unction o# a port is to pro&ide #or e##icient lo! cost trans#ero# caro #ro" ship to shore and &ice*&ersa% inspection% storae andtransportation. ence the port should act as an interal part o# a co"pletechain o# transport lin( o# "o&in the caro #ro" oriin to destination. The

details o# transport chain is sho!n in )i. ,.

,. RO6E O) A PORT:

The port e/ists as an i"portant and #unda"ental part o# the o&erall pattern o#trade and transport. The principal role o# a port are:

- Pro&ision o# shelter #ro" the ele"ents- Caro and passener handlin

- 3upport ser&ices #or ships% and- 7ase #or industrial de&elop"ent.

4. )UNCTION3 O) TE PORT:

The #unctions o# the Port are8

- Pro&ide round the cloc( 'erthin ser&ice- Pro&ide 'un(er% #ood and pro&ision at the port at a reasona'le cost- Pro&ide pilotae #or na&iation


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- Pro&ide a #leet o# tus to cater to the needs o# pilotae and 'erthin- Pro&ide round the cloc( !ater suppl$- Pro&ide !har# cranes% #loatin cranes% a #leet o# lihters% co&ered and

open storae space and rail% road and !ater lin(aes to the hinterland.- Pro&ide "echanised #acilities #or loadin and discharin dr$ and li9uid

'ul( co""odities.- Pro&ide "echanised handlin #acilities #or containerised caro.- Pro&ide sa#e handlin o# danerous oods includin e/plosi&es and their

storae and transportation.- Pro&ide ship repairin #acilities.- Pro&ide port securit$.

The e/pectation o# a 3hipper #ro" a Port on a raded scale are sho!n inAnne/ure I.

. COICE O) A PORT:

The i"portant points that o&ern the choice and location o# a port are8

* Georaphical position 5-* )re9uenc$ o# departure 0-* Personal Relation 5-* Caro &olu"e 1,-* Caro handlin cost 1,-*;ualit$ o# ser&ice 12-* Transport cost 4


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The Tool Ports are an i"pro&e"ent o&er the 6and 6ord Port concept and pro&idethe !hole or a "a=or part o# the in#rastructural #acilities re9uired #or handlin thecaro such as 9ua$s% cranes% #or(li#ts% silos% tan(s etc. These Ports do notho!e&er enae the"sel&es in caro handlin. )rench Ports are t$picale/a"ples o# Tool Ports.


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The eneral caro trade accounts #or a'out ,?- o# the Indian sea 'orne tra##ic.The speci#ied ships deplo$ed #or the carriae o# eneral caro can 'e classi#iedunder the #ollo!in three 'asic cateories.

- )ull$ Cellular Container ships

- Roll*onBRoll*o## ships and- 7are carr$in &essels.

The a&erae sie o# General caro ships is in the reion o# ,?%??? to 4?%???DT and the Container ships &ar$ #ro" 2


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- Ce"ent- 3ulphur- 3uar- Iron and 3teel products etc.

The coal is co""onl$ transported in


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- Po!er to le&$ port dues% pilotae chares% chares #or re"o&al o#o'structions% sal&ae etc. and the ceilins #or the &arious dues.

- Penalties #or non*o'ser&anceB&iolations o# the rules "ade under the Act.

2., Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504:

The Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504 "a(e pro&ision #or the constitution o# portauthorities #or the "a=or ports and to &est the ad"inistration% control and"anae"ent o# these ports in such authorities and #or "atters connectedthere!ith.

In India% Ma=or ports are ad"inistered under the Acts o# Parlia"ent. TheAd"inistratin Ministr$ is the Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport. The Ad"inistrationo# Ma=or Ports is entrusted to Port Trusts !hich are autono"ous 'odies headed'$ a Chair"an and 7oard o# Trustees. The Chair"an and the D$. Chair"an are

appointed '$ the Central Go&t. The Trustees are also appointed '$ the CentralGo&t. Their no. is not to e/ceed nineteen in the case o# Ports o# Mu"'ai%Calcutta and Chennai and se&enteen in the case o# other Ports. The Trustees#all under t!o cateories &i.

- O##icial and- Non*o##icial.

The Trustees hold o##ice #or a period o# t!o $ears e/ceptin the Chair"an andD$. Chair"an% !ho hold the o##ice as directed '$ the Central Go&t.

2.4 )unctions o# the 7oard o# Trustees:

The principal #unctions o# the 7oard o# Trustees as enu"erated in the Ma=or PortTrusts Act 1504 are

- To act as conser&ator o# the ports- To pro&ide ser&ice to shippin such as na&iation% pilotae% to!ae and

'erthin.- To pro&ide 'rea(!aters% doc(s and landin #acilities #or ships to load and

unload caro and passeners.- To pro&ide cranes% other ancillar$ e9uip"ents and la'our #or dischare

and loadin o# caro #ro" ship to shore and &ice*&ersa- To pro&ide transit shed and !arehouses #or the storae o# i"port and

e/port caro- To ta(e custod$ o# caro dischared #ro" the ships or 'rouht into the

doc(s #or ship"ent and act as 'ailee #or the sa"e pendin deli&er$ o# thesa"e to the consinees.

- To "a(e reulations #or8- The conser&anc$ and sa#et$ o# the har'our and doc( 'asin.


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- The sa#e and e##icient use and "anae"ent and control o# the doc(sand all the #acilities pro&ided in the Port.

- Reulatin the "anner in !hich the caro is loaded or unloaded.

- Appoint"ent and ser&ice conditions o# the 7oards sta##.- To #ra"e scale o# chares #or landin% shippin and storae o# oods

and #or the use o# 7oards ear% !or(s and other propert$.- To "a(e ade9uate #inancial pro&ision $ear a#ter $ear #or the due#ul#ill"ent o# the 7oards reulations% and

- To carr$ out the purposes o# the Port Trusts Act enerall$.

+. PORT ORGANI3ATION:

The Chair"an is the Chie# E/ecuti&e o# the Port. e is assisted '$ a D$.Chair"an. The #unctional roups are under the control o# pro#essional heads o#Depts.% !ho are in turn are assisted '$ the "anaers oranised in a hierarchial

set up. The co"position o# the Depts. &ar$ #ro" port to port. The co""oneads o# Dept. and the Depts. the$ are in chare are as under:

* Chie# Enineer @Ci&il * Ci&il Enineerin* Chie# Mechanical Enineer * Mechanical% Electrical and Marine Enineerin* Tra##ic Manaer * Caro operations* Rail!a$ Manaer * Rail!a$ operations @in so"e ports this is

loo(ed a#ter '$ the Tra##ic Manaer* Deput$ Conser&atorBDirector * Pilotae and Marine acti&ities includin

Marine dredin e/cept in Madras and Ne!Manalore Port

* 3ecretar$ * 7oards su'=ects @In so"e ports% leal%industrial relations and pu'lic relations are are also loo(ed a#ter

* Industrial Relations Manaer * Industrial relations* 6eal Ad&iser * 6eal "atters.* )inancial Ad&iser and

Chie# Accounts O##icer * )inance% Accounts and Internal Audit* Chie# Medical O##icer * Medical* Port 3ecurit$ O##icer * 3ecurit$* Director @Plannin

Research * Manae"ent In#or"ation 3$ste"* Estate Manaer * Estate Manae"ent

+.1 Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport:

At the Go&t. le&el% the Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport is responsi'le #or the#or"ulation and i"ple"entation o# policies and prora""es relatin to &arious"odes o# transport. It enco"passes !ithin its #old shippin% includin ship


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'uildin and ship repair%"a=or ports% national !ater!a$s% national hih!a$s%inland !ater transport etc. The Minsitr$ is ad"inistrati&el$ di&ided into di##erent!ins &i8

- Roads

- 3hippin- Ports- )inance- Inland ater Transport- Road Transport- 6a'our and- Charterin

5. TRAINING )ACI6ITIE3:

T!o Trainin Institutes pro&ide trainin #acilities to the Port personnel

- Indian Institute o# Port Manae"ent% Calcutta H This !as esta'lished inthe $ear 1522.

- National Institute o# Port Manae"ent% Chennai H This !as #or"ed durinthe $ear 15+


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- 3te&edorin- Mar(etin- In#rastructural #acilities- In#or"ation s$ste" etc.

1?.,.1 Caro andlin:

The selection o# the t$pe o# caro handlin !ill depend on- T$pe o# caro- olu"e o# caro- Pac(in o# caro- T$pes o# ships% tonnae and #re9uenc$.-

1?.,., 3te&edorin:

The 3te&edorin is nor"all$ a contract 'et!een the shippin line or the &essel

o!nerB3tea"er aent and the 3te&edores. The tas( o# the 3te&edores is toarrane loadinBunloadin o# the caro #ro" the &essels.

1?.,.4. Mar(etin:

The "ar(etin polic$ pursued '$ an$ Port authorit$ has a pro#ound in#luence onthe o&erall e##icienc$ o# the Port% especiall$ in the li'eralised en&iron"ent.

1?.,. In#rastructural )acilities:

The in#rastructural #acilities "ainl$ relate to:

- 7ac( up open storae area- Co&ered 3torae area- Roads- Rail!a$s- Co""unication s$ste"- Cranes- Unloadin ar"s #or li9uid caro and pipelines.

-1?.,.< In#or"ation 3$ste":

In the $ears to co"e% in#or"ation s$ste" such as EDI !ill occup$ a "a=or role inthe e##icient #unctionin o# the port:

1?.4 Enineerin Operations:

The Enineerin operations in a Port can 'roadl$ 'e classi#ied under the#ollo!in #our roups:

- Ci&il Enineerin


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- Mechanical Enineerin- Electrical Enineerin includin Electronics- Marine Enineerin

1?. 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ and 3er&ice:

There has 'een a re&olutionar$ chane in the pattern o# sea transport in therecent $ears re9uirin sophisticated 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ and 3er&ice re9uire"ents.

11. MAINTENANCE DREDGING:

The areate "aintenance dredin re9uire"ent o# "a=or ports o# India is o#the order o# 0? "illion cu" per annu". Dredin Corporation o# India @DCI"eets a'out +?- o# the re9uire"ent. The 'alance re9uire"ent is attended to '$the ports o!n dreders and so"e '$ pri&ate contract dredin. The"aintenance dredin 'ill constitutes a siea'le proportion o# the annual

operation and "aintenance e/penditure. It is a'out ?- o# the annualoperational e/penditure on Port Doc( #acilities and a'out 1


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!ill depend upon the nature and e/tent o# the industrial acti&it$ in the hinterland.The actual sie and shape o# the hinterland is deter"ined '$

- Ph$sical eoraph$

- Pattern o# trade- 6ocal industrial esta'lish"ents- Transport #acilities #or "o&e"ent o# ra! "aterials and- Distri'ution o# aricultural produces and #inished oods.

A !ell (nit and uaranteed s$ste" o# transport pla$s an i"portant role in thesustained econo"ic ro!th o# the Port and the countr$. The i"portant "eans o#hinterland connections are:

- Road

- Rail!a$s

- Inland !ater!a$s and- Pipelines

1. PORT CAPACITJ:

The assess"ent o# the Port capacit$ is essential 'oth #or opti"u" utilisation o#the #acilities and also #or plannin the #acilities to cater to the pro=ected tra##icde"ands. The Co""odit$*!ise and Port*!ise capacities on Indian Ports aresho!n in Ta'le 4 and .

1


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Total * 1,-

1


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En&iron"ental i"pact assess"ent #or"s an essential and interated part in the!hole se9uence o# process that constitute the port pro=ect appraisal% plannin%desin and operation process. The national leislationBGo&t. Acts relatin toen&iron"ent and pollution are:

- Indian Ports Act 15?+- Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504- Coast Guard Act 152+- Pre&ention o# ater Pollution Act 15+1- Merchant 3hippin A"end"ent Act 15+4- En&iron"ent Protection Act 15+0

- Rele&ant Municipal Acts

In addition under the auspices o# the International Mariti"e Oranisation% anInternational Con#erence !hich "et in 6ondon in 1524 has adopted LInternational

Con&ention #or Pre&ention o# Pollution #ro" 3hips 1524% !hich o&ern reulationrelatin to pre&ention o# pollution.

1+. CONC6U3ION:

1. The ports are no! 'ein considered not "erel$ as a land and !ater inter#ace'ut as a lin( in the total transport chain.

,. 7ased on #unctional re9uire"ents% the ports are classi#ied as- 6and 6ord Port- Tool Port- Operatin Port.

4. In India Ports are enerall$ classi#ied as:- Ma=or- Inter"ediate and- Minor Ports

. The sea 'orne trade is 'ein classi#ied as:- General Caro- 6i9uid 7ul( Caro- Dr$ 7ul( caro


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+. The total "aintenance dredin re9uire"ents o# all the 1, Ma=or Ports are o#the order o# 0? "illion cu" per annu"

.


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ANNEURE I

AT 3IPPER3 ANT MO3T

On ti"e Deli&er$ 1

O&erall Responsi&eness ,

Price 4

On ti"e pic( up

Transit Ti"e <

3er&ice Territor$ 0

7illin Accurac$ 2

Correct E9uip"ent +

Deree o# Control 5

Clai"s Processin 1?

Tracin capacit$ 11

3ource : 3ur&e$ AP6


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TABLE -

DECLARATION OF MA!OR PORTS

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NAME OF THE MARINTIME DECLARED AS AMA!OR PORT STATE MA!OR PORT

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

C"#$%&&" W'& B'ng"# *+

B"/ M"0"1"0&1" *2

M"31" T"4# N"3%

V4"50"6"&n" An301" P1"3'0 788

C$04n K'1"#" 789

K"n3#" G%:"1"& 727

M1%g" G" 798

P"1"3''6 O14" 79*

N'; M"ng"#1' K"1n"&"5" 7*

port management-ce's lecture18!11!2005

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