position of adverbials

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Advanced study for Position of Adverbial - PPT format.

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  • She speaks English.

    She speaks English fluently.

    She always speaks English.

    She speaks English every day.

    Adverbials are generally used to provide additional information about a verb, an adjective, or the sentence as a whole.

  • There are three normal positions for adverbs in a sentence: 1) initial position (before the subject)2) mid position (between the subject and the verb or immediately after be as a main verb)3) end position (at the end of the clause).

  • 1) Initial position time adverbs, comment and viewpoint adverbs (luckily, officially)We invited all the family. However, not everyone could come. The weather will stay fine today, but tomorrow it will rain2) Mid position focusing adverbs (even, just); indefinite frequency adverbs (often, always, never); adverbs of certainty and degree (probably, obviously, clearly, completely, quite, almost). Note that when auxiliary verbs (is, has, will, was) are used, they normally go between the auxiliary verb and the main verb.She's been everywhere - she's even been to Tibet and Nepal.Tom won't be back yet, but I'll just see if Brenda's home. I'll give her a ring.My boss often travels to Malaysia and Singapore but I've never been there.3) End position time adverbs; definite frequency adverbs (last week, last year); adverbs of manner when we want to focus on how something is done (well, slowly, evenly) and adverbs of place (e.g. in the countryside, at the window).I had a tennis lesson last week, but I'm usually travelling in the middle of the month, so I don't have a lesson every week.How long have you been here? Not long. We arrived about five minutes ago.I chewed the food slowly because it hadn't been cooked very well.

  • Adverbs of definite frequency

    Examples:

    hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearlyevery second, once a minute, twice a yearonce, twice, once or twice, three times

    Adverbs of definite frequency, like all adverbs of definite time, typically go in END position. Look at these examples:

    Most companies pay taxes yearly.The manager checks the toilets every hour.The directors meet weekly to review progress.

    Sometimes, usually for reasons of emphasis or style, some adverbs of definite frequency may go at the FRONT, for example:

    Every day, more than five thousand people die on our roads.

  • Adverbs of indefinite frequency

    Examples:never, seldom, sometimes, often, always

    Adverbs of indefinite frequency mainly go in MID position in the sentence. They go before the main verb (except the main verb "to be"):

    We usually go shopping on Saturday.I have often done that.She is always late.

    Occasionally, sometimes, often, frequently and usually can also go at the beginning or end of a sentence:

    Sometimes they come and stay with us.I play tennis occasionally.

    Rarely and seldom can also go at the end of a sentence (often with "very"):

    We see them rarely.John eats meat very seldom.

  • When the meaning changes:Samantha speaks English.Only Samantha speaks English. (Someone else doesnt speak English)Samantha only speaks English. (She doesnt speak another language)

  • Rewrite the sentences and put the adverbs in correctly.

    1) We were in London. (last week) We were in London last week.2) He walks his dog. (rarely)He rarely walks his dogs.3) She waited. (patiently) She waited patiently.4) My father goes fishing. (always) My father always goes fishing.5) Your bedroom is. (upstairs) Your bedroom is upstairs.6) We don't go skiing. (in summer) We dont go skiing in summer.7) Cats can hear. (well) Cats can hear well.8) I saw him. (there) I saw him there.9) The girl speaks English. (fluently) The girl speaks English fluently.10) I have seen that film. (never) / (before) I have never seen that film before.