post-secondary education reform in louisiana business coalition on higher education, initial...
TRANSCRIPT
POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION REFORM IN LOUISIANA
Business Coalition on Higher Education, Initial Recommendations
February 5, 2010
BUSINESS GROUPS ARE ACKNOWLEDGING HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM AS A KEY STATE PRIORITY FOR BUSINESSES
• 25 business groups around the state have signed on to participate as a business and economic development coalition for higher education reform
• Focusing on key outcomes
Acadiana Economic Development Council Baton Rouge Area Chamber
Blueprint Louisiana Bossier Parish Chamber
CENLA Advantage Partnership Central Louisiana Chamber
Committee of 100 East St. Tammany Chamber of Commerce
Greater New Orleans, Inc Jefferson Business Council
Jefferson Chamber of Commerce Lafayette Chamber of Commerce
Lafayette Economic Development Authority Monroe Chamber of Commerce
New Orleans Business Council Northshore Business Council
Plaquemines Association of Business and Industry River Region Chamber of Commerce
Ruston-Lincoln Chamber of Commerce Shreveport Chamber of Commerce
South Louisiana Economic Council Southwest Louisiana Economic Development Alliance
St. Bernard Chamber of Commerce St. Tammany West Chamber
Terrebonne Parish Economic Development Authority
2
LOUISIANA’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM FACES NUMEROUS CHALLENGES
• Funding crisis over next two years
• Low graduation rates
• Uncompetitive research universities
• Workforce demands not met by system
• Unproductive and duplicative programs
3
LOUISIANA NEEDS TO ADOPT POLICIES FOCUSED ON FIVE OUTCOMES
• Increasing graduation rates
• Increasing 2 year enrollment to match the 2 year/4 year enrollment mix of SREB states
• Financing higher education to increase competitiveness and sustain workforce-focused growth
• Supporting the state’s research universities (LSU A&M, ULL, LA Tech, and UNO) at the appropriate level to make them competitive in their peer groups
• Increasing quality and focus within LCTCS to prepare workers in high paying fields that are relevant to our regional economies
4
LOUISIANA’S FOUR AND TWO-YEAR GRADUATION RATES ARE THE LOWEST IN THE SREB*
Four-Year (percent) Two-Year (percent) **
5
* Four-year graduation rates are form the 2001 cohort. Two-year rates are from the 2004 cohort. ** LA’s LCTCS is not as easily measured by graduation rates on a comparable basis to other states’ two-year programs because of workforce programs without 2-year degree completions Source: SREB state-data exchange
LOUISIANA’S TWO-YEAR/FOUR-YEAR ENROLLMENT MIX IS OUT OF LINE WITH OTHER SREB STATES*
45%
55%
Top-Performing States**
72%
28%
Louisiana
Two-Year & Technical Four-Year
• The average 2yr/4yr distribution in the SREB is 48%-52%
6 * 2008 data ** Top-performing states include Texas, Georgia and North Carolina
Source: SREB state-data exchange
CONSEQUENTLY, LOUISIANA’S WORKFORCE PIPELINE IS DRAMATICALLY OUT OF LINE WITH MARKET DEMANDS
100% 100%
Profile of jobs in LA (2014) **
Enter 4-yr public or private universities
Enter 2-yr colleges, etc.
Directly enter job market after graduation
Drop out or leave the state before graduation
Profile of jobs in LA (2004)
High school matriculation *
100%
37
20
26 24
858
55
35
16 21
Supply trend Demand trend
Require 4-yr college degree or higher
Require 2-yr degree, certificate, or adv. training
Require high school diploma or less w/ no specific training
7 * Based on Louisiana high school class of 2004
**Based on 2014 projections from Bureau of Labor Statistics
Source:Louisiana Workforce Commission; LED analysis
FY10 State Funding per FTE: Four-year: $5,351 Two-year: $3,639 Difference: $1,712/FTE
8
A MORE EVEN ENROLLMENT MIX RESULTS IN SIGNIFICANT SAVINGS TO THE STATE…
Current Enrollment Mix (73%-27%)
Top-Performing States Enrollment Mix (45%-55%)
$821,930,774* $741,616,130
Funding for 4yr and 2yr Institutions (FY10)
$80,314,644
*Amount does not include state funding for specialized units or boards
Source: Board of Regents; BRAC Analysis
…BUT EVEN WITH A NEW ENROLLMENT MIX LOUISIANA STILL LACKS THE RESOURCES TO FUND HIGHER EDUCATION AT THE SREB AVERAGE (FY08)
9
$1,097,791,997$821,930,774$983,212,295
FY10 State Funding per FTE: Four-year: $5,351 Two-year: $3,639FY08 SREB Funding per FTE Four-year: $7,184 Two-year: $4,751
• Current funding falls over $160 million dollars short of what would be needed to fund a less expensive distribution at SREB FY08 levels
$161,281,521
*Amount does not include state funding for specialized units or boards
Source: Board of Regents; BRAC Analysis
LOUISIANA’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IS FACING AN IMMINENT FUNDING CRISIS
State General Fund Funding with Stimulus
819
965.70
1,155
1301
1,111.70
14251433.3
843.9Mill
ions
• Over $300 million cut in 09-10• Stimulus funds mask the severity of the cuts for two years• State funding expected to continue to drop proportional to the state budget shortfall• This trend suggests that in 11-12 funding will be reduced to 57% of its 07-08 level• The budget is projected to be less, not adjusting for inflation, than it was in FY00 when the system served 33,000 fewer students10
Source: Louisiana Board of Regents
IN FY09 LOUISANA’S HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING FROM STATE SOURCES WAS THE THIRD HIGHEST IN THE SOUTH…
7.37.3
7.06.9
6.46.3
6.16.1
5.86.2
5.65.4
5.25.1
4.84.2
3.6
Total state-provided higher education funding per FTE* ($000s)
11
In FY10 Louisiana funding per FTE***:w/ stimulus: 5.8w/o stimulus: 4.9
*Funding level based on 2007-08 state appropriations; FTE enrollments are calculated by taking total credit-hours and dividing them by the corresponding number of hours for full-time students**Louisiana funding levels do not include TOPS funding *** Funding calculated using FY09 enrollment data
Source:SREB; BRAC analysis
Delaware
North Carolina
Louisiana**
Maryland
Georgia
Arkansas
Kentucky
Mississippi
Southern Average
Alabama
Florida
Tennessee
Virginia
Oklahoma
Texas
West Virginia
South Carolina
5.7
12.37.97.3
6.96.2
6.15.5
5.15.1
4.94.54.54.5
4.13.7
2.72.6
…BUT THE AMOUNT GENERATED FROM TUITION AND FEES WAS FOURTH LOWEST IN THE SOUTH…
Total self-generated higher education funding per FTE* ($000s)
Delaware
South Carolina
Kentucky
Maryland
West Virginia
Virginia
Southern average
Alabama
Tennessee
Texas
Arkansas
Mississippi
Oklahoma
Louisiana
Georgia
Florida
North Carolina
12*Funding level based on 2007-08 tuition and fee revenue; FTE enrollments are calculated by taking total credit-hours and dividing them by the corresponding number of hours for full-time students
Source:SREB; BRAC analysis
• $671 million was collected in tuition and fees • $130 million, or 19%, is state money that passes through TOPS
… AND WITH ALL SOURCES COMBINED, TOTAL HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING IN FY09 WAS BELOW THE SOUTHERN AVERAGE
Total higher education funding per FTE* ($000s)
Delaware
Maryland
Kentucky
South Carolina
Virginia
Southern average
Louisiana**
Alabama
Arkansas
Mississippi
Tennessee
West Virginia
Georgia
North Carolina
Texas
Oklahoma
Florida
• LA’s low tuition and fees cause the state to drop relative to our southern peers when all sources are taken into account
• LA’s funding per FTE should be higher than its southern peers due to LA’s enrollment mix and the additional cost of educating students at four-year schools
13
* Funding level based on 2007-08 state appropriations and tuition and fees; FTE enrollments are calculated by taking total credit-hours and dividing them by the corresponding number of hours for full-time students**Louisiana funding levels include TOPS funding, as part of the amount referenced as tuition/fee revenues
Source:SREB; BRAC analysis
LOUISIANA AND FLORIDA ARE THE ONLY TWO STATES WHERE THE STATE LEGISLATURE HAS FINAL AUTHORITY OVER TUITION AND FEES
14
LSU’S OPERATIONAL FUNDING LAGS TOP PUBLIC RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES
Operational funding per FTE student 1 ($ thousands)
1Operational funding estimates for universities in SREB states are calculated from 2005-06 SREB state general purpose, state educational purpose, and operating tuition & fees excluding university medical schools; U. of Michigan tuition & fee estimates derived from IPEDS estimates minus UM-reported medical school-related tuition & fees, UM state appropriations derived from IPEDS assuming 40 percent of total campus appropriations dedicated to medical school; University of California – Berkeley data extracted from IPEDS data system; figures may not sum exactly due to rounding2Endowment income estimates based on The Center for Measuring University Performance’s 2005 estimates in all cases except LSU, which was reported by the LSU Foundation; all income estimates assume that four percent of endowment asset market value is applied to operations each year3LSU A&M, LSU AgCenter, and LSU Law Center
Source: SREB; IPEDS; University of Michigan; The Center for Measuring University Performance; BRAC analysis
30.7
25.4
24.2
22.9
21.6
21.6
19.5
19.4
18.8
18.3
17.9
15.5
9.6
13.6
13.5
11.7
10.9
5.0
9.8
13.8
9.3
11.4
11.7
11.1
Texas A&M
Georgia Tech
U. of Texas at Austin
U. of Cal. - Berkeley
U. of Florida
U. of Maryland
State appropriations
Tuition and fees
15.3
2.2
10.8
10.5
7.1
U. of Michigan
U. of Virginia
U. of Georgia
7.1 4.7
8.5
Top peer avg. 2.5
UNC - Chapel Hill
8.3
6.1
8.4
4.9
LSU (2007) 3
6.3
3.7
Endowment income 2
5.8
2.6
5.7
U.S. News “Best Colleges” ranking (out of 130)
26
64
21
53
N/A
23
30
58
47
35
130
49
COST NUMBERS BASED ON 2005/2006 DATA
15
Source:GNO Inc.
16
REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS’ OPERATIONAL FUNDING LAGS THEIR PEER GROUP, AS WELL (SELU EXAMPLE BELOW)
LOUISIANA MUST TREAT THE QUESTION OF FUNDING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION WITH THE GRAVITY THAT IT DESERVES
Demand Stresses
• LCTCS’s rapid two-year enrollment expansion and quality improvement
• State’s need to develop competitive research universities
Supply Stresses
• Higher education system dependent on state funding
• State funding is undergoing unprecedented cuts
17
BUSINESS COALITION PRIORITIZES FOUR STRATEGIC REFORMS TO HIGHER EDUCATION
• Implement the performance-funding formula
• Raise admission standards at four-year institutions
• Grant sole authority to adjust self-generated revenue to the management boards
• Establish “centers of excellence” at LCTCS and eliminate unproductive and duplicative programs
18
EACH REFORM ADRESSES MORE THAN ONE PRIORITY OUTCOME
Low Graduation Rates
2 yr / 4 yr EnrollmentMix
Funding Stability
Research Universities
LCTCS Capacity
Support implementation of performance funding formula
X X X
Increase admission standards for four-year schools
X X X X
Self-Generated funding flexibility
X X X X
Establish centers of excellence and eliminate duplication
X X X X
19
RECOMMENDATION: SUPPORT IMPLEMENTATION OF PERFORMANCE FUNDING FORMULA
• Performance funding formula creates financial incentives that reward outcomes/quality over quantity
• Implementation of performance formula has several positive effects
– Rewards graduation/completion for both 2 year and 4 year programs
– Prioritizes workforce demand occupations of the Workforce Investment Council
– Acknowledges cost differences between programs
– Rewards external research dollars secured by universities
20
RECOMMENDATION: RAISE ADMISSION STANDARDS AT FOUR-YEAR SCHOOLS FOR FALL 2011
• Higher admission standards across all four-year campuses is expected to increase graduation rates
• Encourages students who may not be prepared to excel at a four-year school to enroll in the LCTCS system. (Note: students taking this path will have the option to transfer to a four-year school after two years or enter the workforce with an associates degree after two years)
• Increases the number of people who have access to programs for in-demand occupations
• Ensures that students will be prepared for upper level courses when they transfer
• Gives students more opportunities to choose a major that is right for them as opposed to opting for a general studies degree
21
Note: Successful implementation of increased admission standards also requires finalizing reliable and straightforward articulation agreements between two-year and four-year institutions (RS, 2009; Act356)
RECOMMENDATION: GRANT MANAGEMENT BOARDS FLEXIBILITY OVER SELF GENERATED REVENUES
• Implement a solution for management boards to have full or partial autonomy over self-generated revenues, such as fees
• Approval of self-generated revenues are typically managed by higher education boards, rather than Legislatures
• Self generated revenues in Louisiana are among the lowest in the South and US
• If fees increase, campuses should provide financial resources to students with greater financial challenges in order to address access to education for all families
22
Note: Maintaining authority over self-generated revenues should be reliant on consistently meeting institutional performance goals. If an institution fails to meet performance goals after four years then authority over self-generated revenues should return to the legislature. Performance goals will be set relative to peer institutions in the South.
RECOMMENDATION: ESTABLISH LCTCS “CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE” AND ELIMINATE UNPRODUCTIVE AND DUPLICATIVE PROGRAMS
• BOR and LCTCS should create specialized centers at select locations to build best-in-class programs in fields that are relevant to regional economies
• LCTCS has plans for several of these centers but lacks the funding to implement the programs
• Many community and technical college campuses offer a variety of programs that do not graduate many students and do not align with the needs of the community
• Strategic elimination of unproductive or duplicative programs• Regions should continue to build relationships with business and
industry to develop programs for high demand occupations
23
Note: Establishment of Centers of Excellence should be coupled with a strengthening of the relationship between LCTCS and local high schools so that students can be fully informed about the opportunities offered in the LCTCS system