POST WAR OF 1812

END OF CHAPTER 12

AMERICAN SYSTEMHenry Clay

Protective Tariff

Internal Improvements-roads, canals etc

National Bank

Northeast

South

West

American SystemHenry Clay

Protective Tariff

Internal Improvements

National Bank

Northeast

Tariff of 1816-passed for protection not revenue-20-25%-stops “dumping”

Yes!Protects industry from foreign competition

NO-already have roads that the indiv. States paid for-population drain would decrease Representation

YES!Need $ & credit to start new businesses

South NO!Not on crops-makes mfr goodsMore $$$$

YES!Need roads & canals -help bring raw materials to factories in NE

NO!Bank is too powerfulTakes farms/land away when can’t pay the loan

West No! not on crops-makes mfr goods more$$$$

YES! Needs roads & canals-help improve trade with NE

NO! Bank is too powerfulTakes farms & land away

How does Madison Respond to American System?

• 1-Congress voted in 1817 to give $1.5 mil to states for internal improvements• Madison-veto• Unconstitutional

• States had to pay for improvements themselves

• Example: Erie Canal 1825

Election of 1816

• Monroe• Republicans (no longer D-R)• Virginia Dynasty• 183 votes in Electoral College

• Rufus King• Last Federalist candidate• Won 34 votes only

• ONE PARTY RULE---”Era of Good Feelings”

Election of 1816

Monroe as President

• Good Will Tour-1817• “Era of Good Feelings”

• misnomer/error of thinking

• Panic of 1819• Causes:

• Deflation• Depression• Overspeculation of land

Panic of 1819

WESTWARD EXPANSION

• 9 NEW STATES ADDED FROM 1791-1819• Reasons:

• Cheap land• Soil exhaustion in East• Native Americans• Cumberland Road 1811

• Maryland ----Illinois

• Steamboat

Frontier Cycle

• 1-fur traders/trappers• 2-families clear land• 3-farms develop• 4-communities

• General store, blacksmith etc.

• *can skip if population grows too fast

Frederick Jackson Turner’s Frontier Thesis• Frontier experience & existence of free

land • Gives equality• Makes the US more democratic• Increases independent spirit• Made people “Americanized”—not based on

tradition & family line• Unifies people• Value—independence, self-reliance,

opportunity, work ethic

3 GREAT TRAILS

• 1-NORTH• Albany NY—Mohawk Valley

• 2-MIDDLE• Philadelphia—Baltimore

• Follow Ohio River to Pittsburg etc

• 3-SOUTH• Cumberland Gap• Wilderness Road

• KY/TN

Population Changes

11881100

18201820

ISSUE OF SLAVERY

• 1-Missouri wants statehood 1819

• Northeast?• South?• West?

Tallmade Amendment

• All slaves born in Missouri after the territory became a state would be freed at the age of 25.

• Passed by the House, not in the Senate.

• The North controlled the House, and the South had enough power to block it in the Senate.

Missouri CompromiseHenry Clay “The Great Compromiser”• 1-Missouri—slave state• 2-Maine—free state• 3-boundary line 36* 30’

• Above-no slaver• Below-slavery is ok

• Lasts 34 years

Foreign Policy Issues

• US-Canadian Border

• US-Spain—Southern border

• Russia—extends territory to 51* north w/trading posts to San Francisco• 1824-changes to 54* 40’

Convention of 1818

The West & the NW: The West & the NW: 1819-18241819-1824

Adams-Onis Treaty 1819

Problems in Latin America

• 1823-British Foreign Sec. George Canning worried about Latin America

• Joint Agreement to not take land & tell Europeans to not take over

• British Fleet protects South American ports

MONROE DOCTRINE 1823

• 1-no colonization• 2-no intervention• 3-”self defense” of• Western Hemisphere

• Key problem: