posterior compartment of leg
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dr. Aunum Iqbal
![Page 2: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The posterior compartment of the leg contains flexor muscles that plantarflex the ankle joint
![Page 3: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The posterior compartment of the leg contains flexor muscles that plantarflex the ankle joint
There is a Superficial Posterior Compartment and aDeep Posterior Compartment
![Page 4: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The posterior compartment of the leg contains flexor muscles that plantarflex the ankle joint
There are 3 muscles in the Superficial Compartment
![Page 5: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
There are 3 muscles in the Superficial Compartment
•Gastrocnemius
•Plantaris
•Soleus
The posterior compartment of the leg contains flexor muscles that plantarflex the ankle joint
![Page 6: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
There are 4 muscles in the Deep Compartment
•Popliteus
•Flexor Digitorum Longus
•Flexor Hallucis Longus
•Tibialis Posterior
The posterior compartment of the leg contains flexor muscles that plantarflex the ankle joint
![Page 7: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
![Page 8: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
![Page 9: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Septum
Septum
Interosseous membrane
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
![Page 10: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Anterior Compartment
![Page 11: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Anterior Compartment
Lateral Compartment
![Page 12: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Anterior Compartment
Lateral Compartment
![Page 13: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Anterior Compartment
Lateral Compartment
Deep PosteriorCompartment
![Page 14: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Superficial Posterior Compartment
Deep PosteriorCompartment
Lateral Compartment
Anterior Compartment
![Page 15: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Muscles of the Superficial Posterior
Compartment
![Page 16: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gastrocnemius
GastrocnemiusArises as two heads from the posterior surface of the
Medial and Lateral Femoral Condyles
Posterior view, right leg
![Page 17: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial HeadMedial Head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
Deep PosteriorCompartment
![Page 18: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Soleus
Originates from the •posterior aspect of the fibular head •Fibular shaft•Tibial shaft
![Page 19: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
Deep PosteriorCompartment
![Page 20: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Soleus and Gastrocnemiusmerge to form the Achilles tendon
This tendon inserts onto the posterior and superior surfaces of the Calcaneum
![Page 21: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Plantaris
This slender muscle arises from the Lateral Supracondylar ridge of the Femur
and inserts onto the Calcaneum just medial to the Achilles Tendon
![Page 22: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIAL
Deep PosteriorCompartmentLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
PlantarisPlantaris
![Page 23: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Muscles of the Deep Posterior Compartment
![Page 24: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Popliteus
Originates from the posterior aspect of the upper Tibia
![Page 25: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Popliteus
Inserts onto the posterior aspect of the upper Tibia
Originates from groove on the lateral surface of lateral condyle of Femur
![Page 26: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Popliteus
This muscle contributes to the function of the knee joint by unlocking the extended leg and
rotating the Femur on the Tibia
Originates from the posterior aspect of the upper Tibia
Inserts onto lateral surface of lateral condyle of Femur
![Page 27: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tibialis Posterior
Originates from the posterior aspects of the•Interosseous membrane•Fibular shaft •Tibial shaft
![Page 28: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Tibialis Posterior
Inserts onto the Navicular, and sends extensions to other tarsal bones and metatarsals
Originates from the posterior aspects of the•interosseous membrane•fibular shaft •tibial shaft
![Page 29: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tibialis Posterior
This is the principal invertor of the foot
Inserts onto the navicular, and sends extensions to other tarsal bones and metatarsals
Originates from the posterior aspects of the•interosseous membrane•fibular shaft •tibial shaft
![Page 30: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
PlantarisPlantaris
Tibialis PosteriorTibialis Posterior
![Page 31: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Originates from the posterior aspect of theTibial shaft
Flexor Digitorum Longus
![Page 32: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Originates from the posterior aspect of theTibial shaft
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Splits into 4 tendons which insert onto the distal phalanges of toes 2-5
![Page 33: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Originates from the posterior aspect of thetibial shaft
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexes the toes
Splits into 4 tendons which insert onto the distal phalanges of toes 2-5
![Page 34: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
PlantarisPlantaris
Tibialis PosteriorTibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Flexor Digitorum LongusLongus
![Page 35: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Flexor Hallucis LongusOriginates from the posterior aspect of theFibular shaft and Interosseous Membrane
![Page 36: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Flexor Hallucis LongusOriginates from the posterior aspect of theFibular shaft and Interosseous Membrane
Inserts onto the distal phalanx of the big toe
![Page 37: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Flexor Hallucis LongusOriginates from the posterior aspect of theFibular shaft and Interosseous Membrane
Inserts onto the distal phalanx of the big toe
Flexes the big toe
![Page 38: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
PlantarisPlantaris
Tibialis PosteriorTibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Flexor Digitorum LongusLongus
Flexor Hallucis LongusFlexor Hallucis Longus
![Page 39: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Summary of Muscles
![Page 40: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
GastrocnemiusOrigin Medial head: posterior surface of
medial femoral condyleLateral head: posterior surface of lateral femoral condyle
Insertion The two heads unite and with soleus form the Achilles tendon, which inserts onto the posterior and upper surface of calcaneum
Action Powerful plantar flexor of ankle
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve ( S1, S2)
Blood Supply Sural branches of the popliteal artery
Posterior Leg
![Page 41: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
SoleusOrigin Posterior aspect of fibular head,
posterior surface of upper fibular shaft, soleal line on posterior tibia and medial border of tibia
Insertion unites with gastrocnemius aponeurosis to form the Achilles tendon, inserts onto posterior and upper surfaces of calcaneum
Action Plantar flexor of ankle
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Blood Supply Posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural arteries
Posterior Leg
![Page 42: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
PlantarisOrigin Inferior aspect of lateral
supracondylar ridge of distal femur
Insertion Posterior calcaneal surface, medial to Achilles tendon
Action Plantar flexor of ankle; also flexes knee
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Blood Supply Sural arteries
Posterior Leg
![Page 43: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
PopliteusOrigin Lateral surface of lateral condyle
of femur. Insertion Posterior surface of tibia,
superior to soleal lineThe tendon passes into the capsule of the knee and gives an extension to posterior part of lateral meniscus
Action Unlocks the extended knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia.
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)Blood Supply Medial inferior genicular branch
of popliteal artery, posterior tibial artery
Posterior Leg
![Page 44: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Tibialis PosteriorOrigin Posterior aspect interosseous
membrane, superior half of tibia and medial posterior surface of fibula
Insertion Inserts onto navicular tuberosity and sends extensions to other tarsal bones and metatarsals
Action Inverts, adducts, supinates foot, plantar flexes ankle
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (L4, L5)
Blood Supply sural, peroneal and posterior tibial arteries
Posterior Leg
![Page 45: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Flexor Digitorum LongusOrigin Posterior surface of tibia distal to
soleal lineInsertion Splits into four slips, inserts onto
plantar surface of bases of distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes
Action Flexes toes 2 - 5; also helps in plantar flexion of ankle
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (S1, S2) Blood Supply Muscular branches of posterior
tibial artery
Posterior Leg
![Page 46: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Flexor Hallucis LongusOrigin Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface
of fibula, lower part of interosseous membrane
Insertion Plantar surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe
Action Flexes great toe, supinates ankle, weak ankle plantar flexor
Nerve Supply Tibial nerve (S2, S3)Blood Supply Muscular branches of peroneal
and posterior tibial artery
Posterior Leg
![Page 47: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
All the muscles of the posterior compartment of leg
are supplied by the
Tibial Nerve
a terminal branch of the Sciatic Nerve
![Page 49: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Tibia
Fibula
Cross Section through middle of right leg looking up from foot
anterioranterior
posteriorposterior
LATERAL
MEDIALLateral
Compartment
Anterior Compartment
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusMedial headMedial head
GastrocnemiusGastrocnemiusLateral headLateral head
SoleusSoleus
PlantarisPlantaris
Tibialis PosteriorTibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Flexor Digitorum LongusLongus
Flexor Hallucis LongusFlexor Hallucis Longus
Tibial Nerve
![Page 50: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Tibial Nerve
*FDL= Flexor digitorum longus FHL= Flexor hallucis longus
![Page 51: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
POPLITEAL ARTERY Continuation of the Femoral artery
At the lower border of the Popliteus, divides into: Anterior tibial artery Posterior tibial artery
Branches : Articular / Genicular branches - Knee joint Muscular branches - Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius,
Soleus, Plantaris Cutaneous branches
![Page 54: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Anterior Tibial Artery
It passes anteriorly, between Tibia and Fibula, through gap in the interosseous membrane. It then runs down the entire length of the leg, and into the foot, where it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery.
![Page 55: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Posterior Tibial ArteryIt continues inferiorly, along the surface of the deep muscles of leg. It accompanies Tibial nerve in entering the sole of the foot via the tarsal tunnel. Here it divides into Medial and Lateral plantar arteries.
It gives off a branch; the Fibular artery in leg. This artery moves laterally, penetrating the lateral compartment of the leg. It supplies muscles in the lateral and posterior compartments.
MedialPlantarartery
LateralPlantarartery
![Page 56: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Posterior Tibial Artery
![Page 57: Posterior compartment of leg](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062523/5881ecb91a28ab36088b74c3/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)