POTASSIUM. . .Atomic Symbol: K Number: 19 Weight: 39.0983

Number of Protons: 19 Electrons: 19 Neutrons: 20

Isotopes: 22, with weights from 32-54Natural Isotopes: 39K (93.2581%) 40K (0.0117%) 41K (6.7302%)

**Potassium is the eighth most abundant element on Earth; accounts for 3% of Earth’s mass

**Incredibly reactive, almost never free in nature

** Element name from English Potash, Atomic symbol from the Latin word for alkali, Kalium

Role in the human body: Electrolyte – Helps prevent cramping Assists metabolism and ensures proper

functioning of cells, tissues and organs Ensures electrical activity of heart Necessary for growth and building muscle Helps maintain acid-base balance Assists in protein synthesis Deficiency or excess in system can cause

serious problems

Potassium. . .

Ways to Obtain Potassium:o In Nature:

o Caustic potash, sylvite, carnallite, langbeinite, polyhalite

o By Humans:o Red meat, fish, veggie burgerso Soy productso Milk, yogurt, nutso Vegetables: broccoli, lima beans,

squash, etc.o Fruits: bananas, kiwi, apricots,

citrus, etc.

Industrial Use:Potassium-Sodium Alloy (NaK):

heat transfer medium in nuclear reactors

Potassium Chloride (KCl): fertilizers, salt substitute, creation of other chemicals

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH): soaps, detergents, drain cleaners

Potassium Carbonate (KHCO3): glass and soaps

Potassium Superoxide (KO2): used in respiratory equipment

Potassium Nitrate (KNO3): fertilizers, match heads, and pyrotechnics

http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele019.htmlhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002413.htm

Lianne Makatura

CALCIUMATOMIC NUMBER – 20NUMBER OF ELECTRONS= 20NUMBER OF PROTONS = 20NUMBER OF NEUTRONS = 20ATOMIC MASS = 40SYMBOL = Ca

ATOMIC STRUCTURE

ISOTOPES:Ca 42

Ca 44Ca 46

Ca 48* Part of cement* Part of quicklime (used to make paper, pottery, food, and purify water)

Where is calcium now?

Who knew! In our food Calcium is in milk and dairy

products as well as leafy green vegetables.

In our Bodies Calcium is obtained in our bodies to

help strengthen teeth and bones. It helps stop bleeding and lower cholesterol.

http://chemistry.about.com/b/2010/04/30/calcium-facts-2.htm

Calcium is the 5th most abundant source in the earth’s crust

Calcium has been known since the 1st century

http://chemistry.about.com/od/elementfacts/a/calcium.htm http://education.jlab.org/itselental/ele020.html

Lauren Mazzella

By: Theresa Raso

Iron

Element Symbol: FeAtomic Number: 26Number of –Protons: 26

-Neutrons: 30 -Electrons: 26

Iron has 4 energy levelsFirst energy level: 2Second energy level: 8Third energy level: 14Fourth energy level: 2

Color: silveryClassification: Transition MetalCrystal Structure: Cubic

Isotopes existing in natureMass #---natural Abundance---half life56------------91.754%-----------stable57-------------2.119%------------stable58-------------0.282%-----------stableRole in the human body-Iron is the substance that caries oxygen within the red blood cells.- Iron is also used in the hemoglobin of the red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.How iron is obtained by humans-Iron is consumed when humans eat meat, seafood, beans, greens, and vegetables.

How iron is used in industry-Iron is the cheapest and most abundant of all metals.-Iron is used to make paper clips to skyscrapers and everything in-between.-When added to other elements, Iron can give steel very useful properties.

Other interesting facts:-Iron’s chemical symbol comes from the Latin word for iron, ferrum.-Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the universe.

Sources:www.chemicalelements.com/elements/fe.htmleducation.jlab.org/itselemental/ele026.htmlhttp://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=ii

Magnesium!Created by: Kylie Gruppo

Atomic Number: 12Protons: 12Neutrons: 12Electrons: 12Atomic Weight: 24.305

The Facts: Isotopes:

24Mg – 79% 25Mg 26Mg

Role in the Human Body: Vital component of a

healthy diet○ Low levels related to the

development of many illnesses Asthma, Diabetes,

Osteoporosis Helps to strengthen bones

& in muscle/nerve functioning

Obtained by humans through food Good sources of Mg: spices,

nuts, tea, & green vegetables Macromolecules

Found in protein Industry

Used in foods Automotive industry

Interesting Facts Stable forms of magnesium

are produced in stars○ It’s made from the fusion of

helium and neon

Magnesium

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium#Biological_role

Oxygen has 24 subatomic particles.

It has three stable isotopes.

It is found in fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Oxygen, in gas form, is taken into the body by the action of breathing. It then enters the human's lungs.

Cellular respiration require oxygen to burn the calories from food. Also, oxygen is a component in many of the molecules in the human body.

AtomicNumber

AtomicWeight

Symbol

Oxygen is used to treat sewage. The steel industry uses oxygen to burn

off impurities, such as carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus.

In industries, “oxyacetylene” torches burn the gas, ethyne, in oxygen.

In its excited states it is responsible for the bright red and yellow-green colors of the aurora.

Liquid and solid oxygen are pale blue.Kyle Brooks

Atomic Number

Atomic Mass

Symbol

CARBONProtons: 6Neutrons: 6Electrons: 6Isotopes:

• 12C • 13C • 14C

Carbon In Industry◊ rotating machinery &

conducting electricity◊ pencils◊ jewelry◊ grinding machines◊ drill bits◊ glass cutting ◊ fuels◊ bikes & motorcycles◊ Inks ◊ paints◊ rubber products◊ cores of dry cell batteries◊ lubricants

Obtaining CarbonCarbon is obtained by mining coal from deposits, and then processing it for further use.

Role In Human BodyCarbon is the building material of life and all molecules made of carbon are called organic. Without it, life would not exist. 18% of the human body is carbon. It is key in holding our bodies together as well as keeping minerals inside of us. Many minerals actually contain carbon. Since carbon has the ability to form many different bonds, it creates compounds that our bodies need. One compound would be carbohydrates which provide us with energy. Proteins, fats and nucleic acids are also forms of carbon found in living organisms.

Interesting Facts• Fourth most abundant

element in the universe• One of the oldest

elements• Made in the interiors of

stars• Origin of the name

'carbon' comes from the Latin word carbo, for charcoal

Cutler Cleveland. "Carbon". Encyclopedia of Earth. November 18, 2008. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Carbon> .Tiffany Frey

Sulfur

Cheyenne Boisselle

Basic InformationSubatomic Particles

16+

16-

16o

Isotopes 25 known isotopes, 4 of which are stable The naturally occurring isotopes are found in hot springs, meteorites, volcanoes, and salt domes

How its Used in IndustrySulfuric acid is used to make fertilizers, adhesives, animal feed, cement, explosives, glass, fumigants, matches, and organic chemicals.

Role in the Human BodySulfur helps cells, seen as a nutrient.25% of body weight is sulfur

For the Human BodyUsed in lotions and creamsIngredient in many treatment medication for skin disorders

How its Obtained by HumansThrough food such as garlic and onionsElement itself is found in deposits buried underground

Type of MacromoleculeUsed in making proteins, two different amino acids contain sulfur:

Methionine + Cysteine

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/uses-of-sulfur.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur

Nitrogen by Corrin Dylnicki

Symbol: N

Boiling Point: -195.8 °C

Melting Point: -209.9 °C

Has 7 Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Non-metal

Hexagonal Crystal Structure

Density is 1.2506 g/cm3

Has no color

Four Isotopes – N-13 with a half-life of 9.97 minutes– N-14 which is stable (natural)– N-15 which is stable (natural)– N-16 with a half-life of 7.13 seconds

http://www.saschameinrath.com/files/Dewar%20of%20Liquid%20Nitrogen.jpg

http://www.chemicalelements.com/

Discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772

Nitrogen forms most of the atmosphere

Used for ammonia, fertilizer and other various chemicals

Liquid Nitrogen is used to protect such documents as the Declaration of Independence

It is one of the 3 main elements in plant life

Sometimes used as a refrigerant

The body uses Nitrogen in digestion and growth, it is also contained in 80% of the air we breathe

Nitrogen is important to protein molecules– Protein is the building material

of cells Nitrogen is also used to

make nucleic acids– Forms nitrogenous base of

DNA

Nitrogen is contained in many foods such as cereal, spaghetti, and cookies

http://www.chemistryexplained.com/elements/L-P/Nitrogen.html#ixzz1EqOD9V17

Phosphorus

Symbol: P Atomic Number: 15 Atomic Weight: 30.97376

Protons: 15 Neutrons: 16 Electrons: 15

There are no known naturally occurring isotopes.

Phosphorus-31 is the only type find in nature

Phosphorus Uses

Role in Human Body: Makes up large portion of cell membrane (phospholipids) Found in nucleic acids (macromolecule), energy compounds, and bones. Is necessary for muscle growth, to metabolize protein, calcium, and glucose (sugar),

bone and tooth formation, cell growth, and kidney function. 85% of phosphorus in the human body is found in the skeletal system.

Maintains the body’s pH level (acidity). We obtain it through dairy products, eggs, nuts, seeds, and meat.

Industrial Uses: Has a variety of uses: Used in match heads, military smokescreen, insecticides, rodenticides, fireworks,

additives for petroleum products, and much more.

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_phosphorus_do_to_human_bodyhttp://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060711133409AACtUQVhttp://www.answers.com/topic/phosphorus

Austin Ruggiero

+ PROTON

-ELECTRON

H1

Atomic number

1.0079

Atomic

weight

Hydrogen has two subatomic particles one proton and one electron.

Isotopes*Protium or 1H*Deuterium or 2H*tritium or 3H

Role in the human body

*water(H2O) *Involved in acid/base reactions*aging (slows aging process)

www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/isotopes/index.html

http://www.livestrong.com/article/28599-hydrogen-used-body/

Industry*automobile*space flight exploration*military weapons *fuel

www.ehow.com/how-does_4963521_how-hydrogen-used-industry.html

*90 percent of all atoms*most abundant element in the universe*crucial element in the operation of the human body

Vianna Crowley