potus 1-5 president of the united states a look at our first 5 presidents
TRANSCRIPT
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POTUS 1-5President of the United
StatesA look at our first 5
Presidents
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"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."
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The first 5 POTUS’
1. George Washington2. John Adams3. Thomas Jefferson4. James Madison5. James Monroe
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President George
Washington
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• our nation’s ______ President• only president elected
_____________ • Being first is a very difficult
job.• There was no ____________
(standard) for how to be president of the United States.
• George was going to have to do this himself.
George Washington
First
unanimously
precedent
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Civic Virtue
• The dedication of citizens to the ______________, above their own ________ interests
• I.E…giving back the money you found instead of keeping it for yourself.
common goodselfish
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• George Washington did not want to be the president. He was not happy that he was elected…however,
• His desire for a strong country and his ___________ led him to accept the presidency.
civic virtue
Strong Government
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• The person to get the ___________________ became GW’s Vice President
• The runner up was ________________
• GW and JA took the oath of office in ___________ the Nation’s capitol at the time.
Runner Up:
second most votes
John Adams
New York City
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Creating a working government
• The framers created a Supreme Court but left the ________________. One of their first duties was to set up the court.
• Congress passed the _______________ _________ that – Gave the Supreme Court ____________, one
_____ Justice and five _________ justices, and– also created other _________________ courts
(appellate courts). We are in the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals located in New Orleans.
– GW appointed _______ first Chief Justice
details to Congress
Federal JudiciaryActof 1789
six membersChief associate
lower, less powerful
John Jay
Link
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Washington asks for help!• The Constitution gives Congress the power to create _________ to help the President lead the country. Congress create three departments right away: ______________, ________________, __________________
• The President has the power to ________ (choose) anyone he wants to ______ the departments with the _________________.
Here I come to save the day!
departments
Department of WarDepartment of State Department of the Treasury.
appointlead
approval of the Senate
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Because he can’t do everything
• The heads of the Departments became known as the _____________. These are people smart in their jobs who can help __________ and ________ the President on issues he/she may ____________________.
– Secretary of ____ – __________ a general in the Revolution. He oversaw the country’s _________
President’s Cabinetgive advice
counselnot know everything about
War Henry Knoxdefenses
Link
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• Secretary of _______ – ___. He oversaw ___________ between the U.S. and __________________
• Secretary of the ____________ – ____________________. His job was to _______________________________.
State TJrelationsother countries
TreasuryAlexander Hamilton
manage the government’s money
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One more thing…
• To advise the government on legal matters, Washington appointed Edmund Randolph as _______________.Attorney General
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Economic (_____) Problems
• United States had a large ____ (money the U.S. owed to banks or other countries).
• Why did the U.S. have such a large debt?
MONEY
debt
We borrowed money from France to fight the revolution
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• The new cabinet position of Secretary of the Treasury went to _________ _________.
• His job was to create a plan to fix the national debt problem.
Alexander Hamilton
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• Step one– earn ________ for the government
Hamilton’ Plan
money
How will Hamilton make money for the U.S.?
• by creating tariffs:_______________a type of tax
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• Step Two– ____ off all the war debt.– Foreign countries may not do
business if we _______________, or – may simply _______ us to get it
back…
pay
owe them moneyinvade
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• Step Three– create a _____________.– establish a single national _________.
•This would make doing _________ easier•Because you can use one type of dollar
instead of many different state dollars.
national bank currency
business
• These changes would make the U.S. a _________ nation.
stronger
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• The tariff encouraged the growth of American ____________________ by making goods from foreign countries more ________
manufacturing and business
expensive
Lets’ Grab a box !
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How protective tariffs work…
Made in the USAMade in France
$1.00 $2.00
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How protective tariffs work…
Made in the USAMade in France
$1.00 $2.00To “protect American manufacturers…
the government places a _________ on the price of the foreign good, making it more expensive
tariff
+ 1.50 Tariff
= 2.50 Total
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• People would be encouraged to buy the now cheaper American goods. This is called a __________ tariff because it _________ U.S. interests (jobs, businesses, government, etc.)
protectiveprotects
Buy American! and Save!
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Controversy over the National Bank
• Part of Hamilton’s plan, creating the National Bank was opposed by __________ and __________ because they believed it would benefit only the __________.
• TJ said the bank would be ____________ because the Constitution does not _________________ the government has the power to ______________.
JeffersonMadison
wealthyunconstitutional
specifically saycreate a bank
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Controversy over the National Bank
• Hamilton argued that the Constitution says the Congress may “___________________ ____________________” for the purpose of running the country.
• This is called the “_____________” because it allows the ____________ to _______ and bend it the new, ______________ of the nation as it grows.
• The elastic clause helps to prevent us from needing to make _____________ (which takes forever) all the time.
make all Laws which shallbe necessary and proper
elastic clauseconstitution stretch
changing needs
amendments
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Controversy over the National Bank
• Washington agreed with ____________ argument and signed the Banking bill into law.
• This argument highlighted the differences in how to ______________ the Constitution:– Jefferson and Madison believed in a “________”
interpretation…the government only has the powers the _______________________________.
– Hamilton believed in a ________ interpretation saying the elastic clause gives the Congress ___________ to carry out the government’s duties.
Hamilton’s
read and interpretstrict
Constitution has WRITTEN downloose
flexibility
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French Revolution• During Washington’s presidency the
French people had their own _________ that was extremely _______…eventually the French King was _________.
• Other European nations were ________ by this Revolution and declared _____ against France, _______ led the charge.
revolutionviolentbeheaded
threatened
warEngland
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Another European War…• The war between France and England
put the U.S. in a _________________. France was our biggest _____ during the American Revolution and we were still under ________ with them.
• Jefferson said to crush the French Revolution would be an attack on ______ ____________.
• Hamilton said Britain was our best ______________ and we should not risk _____ with them.
difficult situationally
treaty
libertyeverywhere
trading partnerwar
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GW: “Let’s keep out of it…”
• In 1793, Washington declared in the _____________________ that the United States would remain ______ and the U.S. would remain “_______ _____________” to both sides.
• Congress then passed a law forbidding the U.S. from helping either side.
Proclamation of Neutralityneutral
friendlyand impartial
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Easier said than done.
• England made our __________ difficult by seizing the ________ of American _____ trading with the ________, the Brits were also causing trouble with ________ on our western border.
• So, GW sent _________ (the high court chief justice) to ________ with the French. He wrote _____________ stating the British will leave North America and our ships ________.
neutralitycargoes ships
Frenchnatives
John Jaynegotiate
Jay’s Treaty
alone
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Whiskey Rebellion• Grain farmers would harvest the grain
and turn the excess into___________.• Grain that would normally ruin and go
to waste was then turned into a ________
• This also made it easier to _________ from place to place.
whiskey
profit.transport
In order to make more money the government started charging a tax on ____________whiskey
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Whiskey Rebellion • Farmer’s protested against the
government’s ______ on whiskey by attacking tax collectors.
• Washington responded by sending in the U.S. army
• This was the 1st big test of the new government’s ______________authority
tax
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The Fed. Gov. rules!
• During the ___________________, Shays’ Rebellion proved that government ___________. It did not have the power or the authority to ________ its citizens.
• The Whiskey Rebellion proved just the opposite…the new _____________ government did have the ________ and ___________ to protect its citizens and it was supported enough to use it!
Articles of Confederation
did not workprotect
Constitutionalpower
authority
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• George Washington showed that armed ___________ against the new government (that was so effective against the King of England as colonies) would _____ be tolerated in the new United States.
• Clearly established ________ control over the states
rebellion
federal
Federal Government
State
NOT
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Farewell Address • Washington was elected to the
presidency __________• ________ the offer to serve a third
term (this is how the tradition of 2 terms started…he was setting a precedent!)
• Before leaving office, he explained what he thought would be the most ______________ that future presidents MUST address to keep the country together
twice
important issues
Declined
Beware of the Future
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• The “_____________” was Washington’s speech to congress at the end of his second term as president
• It explained what he believed were ______________ to the United States:
Farewell Address
three dangers
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1. _______________ could divide Americans and destroy the cooperation needed in government.
Washington’s 3 Warnings
Political parties
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2. ___________, or political divisions based on geographic loyalties such as between the northern and southern states
Sectionalism
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3. involvement in _____________ European rivalries that repeatedly drove those nations to war.
Foreign affairs
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