poweb capacity and peoduction in the united states
TRANSCRIPT
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORHubert Work, Secretary
U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY An** Otto Smith, Director
Water-Supply Paper 579
POWEB CAPACITY AND PEODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES
PAPEBS BT
C. E. DAUGHEETY, A. H. HOETON AND E. W. DAVENPOET
UNITED STATESGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON1928
CONTENTS
Page Introduction, by N. C. Grover._______________________________ 1The development of horsepower equipment in the United States, by
C. K. Daugherty ________________________________ 5 Developed and potential water power in the United States and production
of electricity by public-utility power plants, 1^19-1926, by A. H.Horton..________________________________ 113
Growth of water-power development in the United States, by K. W.Davenport.._____________________j___________ 203
Index___________*______________L.__________ 209
NOTE. The illustrations are listed in connection with the separate papers. n
POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES
INTRODUCTION
By NATHAN CLIFFOED GEOVER 1
For countless centuries man was the principal source of motive power for practically all purposes. He was ably assisted in certain activities by the lower animals the beasts of burden that have served especially in transportation and agriculture. The changeable and fitful wind was also long utilized, especially for pumping water and propelling ships. Small water-power plants were developed and used for sawing lumber, grinding grain, carding wool, weaving cloth, and other small industrial processes. But the universal supply of energy for productive work was furnished by human beings, fre quently by slaves, and so long as this condition prevailed the human race was able to produce only the bare necessities of life, and famine was forever stalking in the background of existence.
Since the invention of the steam engine the burden of the world's work has gradually been lifted from the backs of men and placed on machines driven by power generated by the burning of fuels. Not, however, until energy had been made mobile by means of electric transmission was the possibility of man's emancipation from the treadmill of drudgery realized. He must, of course, continue to labor, but he is now the operator of machines instead of being the primary source of power.
With the "horsepower" of the water Or steam driven engine to aid him, man's capacity to accomplish has been greatly increased, and as a result the human race can now produce not only the neces sities of life but the remarkably varied luxuries of the present day. Because of the availability of cheap mechanical and electrical energy every person in this country has to-day the equivalent of about 60 servants in constant attendance in supplying food, clothing, and shelter of a kind that would have been the envy of kings a century ago; in furnishing easy transportation by palatial steamships, byrailway trains consisting of sleeping, dining, club, and observation_________________________________i_______
> Chief hydraulic engineer, U. 8. Geological Survey.
Z POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
cars equipped with every convenience for the comfort of the traveler by automobiles for business and pleasure, and in the immediate future by the airship with its possibilities for both comfort and speed; and in promoting rapid communication by mail, telegraph, telephone, and the radio. Under these new conditions, even with a greatly increased population, the civilized world is practically free from the danger of famine.
The necessities, conveniences, and luxuries of the present genera tion are made available largely as the result of the utilization of cheap energy, generally electric but in part mechanical, which now dominates industry, transportation, and communication. By abridg ing space this mighty force has elongated time, given to everyone the possibilities of leisure and luxury, and changed not only the daily routine but the very aspect of life in both city and country.
Individuals, States, and nations are therefore vitally interested in this giant that rules the modern world. What are the national sources in cheap energy, how are they being utilized, and what are the limits of development? Fortunately the United States has been endowed by nature with great resources in water power, that source of energy which is not depleted by use, as well as with enormous deposits of coal and oil, which are exhaustible. In so far as water power is used the fuels can be conserved, and wherever it is economical to do so, water power should therefore be utilized.
The problems related to the availability of our resources in power and to the development and utilization of those resources are accord ingly of national scope and importance, and the three reports pre sented herein are of vital interest to students of economics as well as to many people in all walks of life who use in some or many forms the products of mechanical and electric power. These reports show by States the Nation's resources in water power and the installed capacity of water-power plants at certain dates since 1849; the utilization and growth in utilization of energy in the various lines of human activity; the monthly output of electric energy by public- utility plants since 1919, the proportions of this output furnished by water power and by fuels, the consumption of fuels in producing this power, and the decreasing consumption of fuel per unit of power developed. They constitute therefore a compilation of information not to be found elsewhere concerning the growth of the power business in connection with many kinds of human endeavor, and they show the remarkable development of the power business since the electric transmission of power was made practicable and the trend toward the utilization of large central power stations of great capacity and high efficiency operated by public-utility companies that have been created under State control to generate, transmit, and sell power as a commodity.
INTRODUCTION 6
The information contained in the report has been collected in part by the Geological Survey in connection with its activities in studying the water resources of the country and their best utilization, in part by the Bureau of the Census in its periodic statistical study of the country's activities, and in part by the Federal Power Commission in connection with the administration of the Federal water-power act. Some of the data have therefore been previously published in scattered statistical form, and some have been made-available in multigraphed or mimeographed preliminary reports; but some have never before been published. All these statistics are now brought together in such form as to be available for further study and any other use that may be found to be desirable. They will serve as base data on which must rest any future study in this country of the problems of power utilization in relation to economics and government.
CONTENTS
Pas*Prefatory note....____..._________ 11Introduction___________________________________ 11Sources and accuracy of the data...._________________... 15Development of prime movers___________ _ 23Certain findings of the study _________ 30Some uses for the power index _ _ 36Bibliography___________________________________ 43Tables____........_._.. .__.....__...._.__...._._.... 45
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page PLATE 1. Horsepower of prime movers installed and utilized in different
activities, 1849-1923, by types of prime movers_______ 84 FIGUBB 1. Total horsepower of prime movers in the United States, 1849-
1923__________.____________________ 792. Horsepower of prime movers installed in different activities,
1849-1923_______________________...___ 803. Horsepower utilized in each field of activity, 1849-1923___ 814. Index numbers of horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by
types of prime movers._______ ___.___. 825. Percentages of horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by
different types of prime movers___ _________. 836. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by special groups.. 847. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by special groups.. 848. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners in
United States, 1849-1923____________________ 859. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners in
United States, 1849-1923____________________ 8610. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners in
United States, 1849-1923____________________ 8711. Horsepower of prime movers installed per inhabitant and per
wage earner and utilized per wage earner in different activi ties and groups, 1849-1923___________________ 88
12. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1923____________ 8913. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1919. ___________ 9014. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1909____________ 9115. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1899____________ 9216. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1889 _ ___________ 9317. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1879.-._________... 0418. Total horsepower of prime movers, 1869. ___________ 9519. Horsepower of prime movers in motor-driven vehicles, 1923.. 9620. Horsepower of prime movers per square mile, 1923, by States
and geographic divisions-_____*_____________ 977
8 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
Fag* FIGUEB 21. Horsepower of prime movers utilized in manufactures, 1923_ 98
22. Percentage of total horsepower of prime movers utilized inmanufactures, 1923, by types of prime movers___ __ 99
23. Chief types of prime movers utilized in manufactures, 1923__ 10d24. Horsepower of steam engines and turbines utilized in manu
factures, 1923___________________________ 10125. Horsepower of internal-combustion engines installed in manu
factures, 1923___________________________ 10226. Horsepower of water wheels installed in manufactures, 1923. 10327. Horsepower per square mile of prime movers utilized in manu
factures, 1923___________________________ 10428. Horsepower of prime movers utilized in mines and quarries,
1919..__________________________________________ 10529. Horsepower of prime movers utilized in agriculture, 1923___ 10630. Horsepower per square mile of prime movers utilized in agri
culture, 1923___________________________ 10731. Horsepower of prime movers installed in irrigation and drain
age, 1923________________________._.___.__ 10832. Horsepower of prime movers in central electric stations and
electric railroads plus horsepower of electric motors driven by electricity generated in manufactures; 1923, and in mines and quarries, 1919________________ . 109
33. Horsepower of prime movers in ships, 1923__ _..._ _ 11034. Horsepower of prime movers, number of wage earners, and
volume of production, 1889-1919, by special groups.. __ 11135. Total horsepower of prime movers and acreage of improved
land, 1849-1923.________ ______.__-___......__ 112
TABLES
1. Total horsepower of prime movers in the United States, 1849-1923. _ 452. Horsepower of prime movers installed in different activities, 1849-1923 45
|3. Horsepower utilized in each field of activity, 1849-1923-... ____ _ 474. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by types of prime movers. _ 485. Horsepower of prime movers utilized, 1849-1923, by types of prime
movers and fields of activity ___ ____ ____ ___ ... __ 496. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by special groups.. ____ 527. Population and wage earners in the United States, 1849-1923. ___ 538. Horsepower of prime movers installed per inhabitant and per wage
earner and utilized per wage earner in different activities and groups, 1849-1923 _____________________________ 54
9. Total horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers, 1869-1923, byStates and geographic divisions_____.___ ___ ._ _ _ ._ 55
10. Horsepower of prime movers per square mile, 1923, by States andgeographic divisions _____ _ _______ ___ _ _ ._-_._ __ 57
11. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized by manufactures,1869-1923, by States and geographic divisions ... _ 58
12. Percentage of total horsepower of prime movers utilized in manufactures, 1923, by types of prime movers.... _.__._. ___ _ _ __ 60
13. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized In mines andquarries, 1899-1923, by States and geographic divisions. _ _ '_ 61
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 9
Fac*14. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers .utilized in agriculture,
1869-1923, by States and geographic divisions___ _______ 6215. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers installed in irrigation
and drainage, 1909-1923, by States and geographic divisions._____ 6416. Horsepower; in thousands, of prime movers in electric central stations,
1899-1923, by States and geographic divisions.________________ 6517. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in electric railroads,
1899-1923, by States and geographic divisions.____________ 6618. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in central electric stations
and electric railroads plus horsepower of electric motors driven by electricity generated in manufactures and in mines and quarries, 1899-1923, by States and geographic divisions.___.________ 67
19. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers installed in ships, 1889-1923, by States and geographic divisions..________________ 68
20. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in motor-driven vehicles,1919 and 1923, by States and geographic divisions__________ 69
21. Index numbers of horsepower of prime movers, number of wageearners, and volume of production, 1889-1919, by special groups.- . 70
22. Index numbers of total horsepower of prime movers arid acreage ofimproved land, 1849-1923.._______________________ 70
23. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in. manufactures,1849-1923.....__.___..._______.__________-____-_.__._._ 71
24. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in mines andquarries, 1849-1923._____________________________ 71
25. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in agriculture,1849-1923__________________________________ 71
26. Approximate number, in thousands, of draft animals in the UnitedStates, 1849-1923_____________________________ 72
27. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in central stations andelectric railroads, 1889-1923______________________ 72
28. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in irrigation anddrainage, 1879-1923. ____________________________ 72
29. Horsepower of locomotives of steam railroads, 1849-1923.____ __ 7330. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in ships, 1849-19231 ____ 7331. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers of motor-driven vehicles
(automobiles), 1899-1923____________.___________ 7432. Number of automobiles registered, 1899-1923 ______________ 7433. Average horsepower used in determining total horsepower of auto
mobile engines in 1909, 1919, and 1923________ ________ 7534. Number of wage earners and horsepower of prime movers in certain
industrial establishments not included in census totals for manu factures, 1909 and 1919__._______________________ 75
35. Horsepower of prime movers of municipal water-supply plants ofcertain cities for 1926________________________________ 75
36. Horsepower of prime movers of aircraft of the Army and Navy andof the ships of the Navy_______________________________ 75
37. Prime movers utilized in manufactures in the United States in 1923,by geographic divisions and Stafes____________________ 76
38. Distribution by geographic divisions and States of total area ofimproved land on farms in the United States, 1869-1919______ 78
THE DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
By CABROLL ROOP DAUGHEBTT
PBEFATOBY NOTE
In the academic year of 1924-25 it was the writer's good fortune to be one of a seminar group at the University of Pennsylvania which was studying the mineral and power resources and industries of the United States under the direction of Mr. F. G. Tryon, then chief coal statistician of the United States Geological Survey. The study of horsepower equipment as an index of the instaHation of machinery seemed to be a particularly appealing statistical problem, the mastering: of which promised to be productive of interesting results. The findings in sum mary which were forthcoming after the year's work so fully justified this expecta tion that it seemed wise to enlarge the scope of the study and develop it, if possible, into a doctor's dissertation, in the hope of throwing light on a subject- of broad interest among economists.
At all stages in the development of the thesis Mr. Tryon's suggestions and advice have been of valuable assistance. Acknowledgment is especially made to him for his unfailing interest, inspirational guidance, and kindly criticism. His intimate knowledge of the field made possible the use of many different kinds of source material.
The writer is indebted also to Mr. C. D. Kinsman, agricultural engineer, of the United States Department of Agriculture, for suggestions and material in connection with horsepower in agriculture and work animate. Mr. Kinsman has recently made an exhaustive and scholarly analysis of power used on farms in this country. His findings were used almost in toto.
Acknowledgment is made to the National Automobile Chamber of Commerce and to the Bureau of Statistics of the Interstate Commerce Commission for data furnished in their respective fields. In the preparation of the manuscript valuable suggestions and criticism were offered by Dr. J. H. Willits, Dr. A. H, Williams, Dr. B. T. Bye, Dr. Walter Voskuil, and Miss Anne Bezanaon, all of the University of Pennsylvania faculty.
INTRODUCTION
The United States of America undeniably leads the world in the production of wealth in material prosperity. Especially has this been true since the World War. The other nations of the world, particularly the European industrial countries, have by contrast appeared to be in a sad plight. Unemployment, labor troubles, and financial difficulties have hampered the industries of England, France, and Germany, but on this side of the water there has been a relatively smooth flow, in huge volume, of goods for the satisfaction of myriad wants.
11
12 POWEK CAPACITY AND PKODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
Naturally this unprecedented prosperity has attracted a great deal of attention both at home and abroad, and all thinking people have asked themselves the reason for it. To what cause or causes may it be attributed? From England two engineers were sent to study and analyze the situation. The recent book of one of our greatest indus trialists telling the how and the why of our success is said to be selling very widely in Europe. And the fact that for the last year almost every good periodical and newspaper has devoted large amounts of space to the subject, in the form of articles or reports of industrial congresses and conferences, is evidence of a widespread interest in this country as well. The topic has appeared frequently on the editorial pages of newspapers.
All these discussions are much alike. They point out that the production of wealth has increased more rapidly than the population. There is therefore more wealth per inhabitant than before. As a reason for this increase is advanced the fact that more machinery is being used to-day in production; human labor is being supplanted by mechanical devices.
In the 50 years from 1869 to 1919 the population of the United States increased 2.76 times. In spite of the shift in population from the country to the city, so that only one-quarter of those in gainful occupations were employed in agriculture in 1919, while nearly one-half were so engaged in 1869, the agricultural production increased 4.94 times, or 80 per cent more rapidly than the population. During the same 50 years the products of mines increased 18.81 times, or nearly seven times more rapidly than the population. The manufactured products increased 9.61 times, or about 3.5 times more rapidly than the population. While many factors contributed to these increased outputs, the most important factor is undoubtedly the increased production and utilization of mechanical power by machinery. To-day the drudgery of the struggle for existence has largely been transferred to machinery vitalized by mechanical power, thus making universal education possible by sparing youth from the farm and the factory.1
And again,All this power increases output and decreases sweat. While we have increased
our manufacturing employees 65 per cent in the last quarter of a century, we have swelled productivity on a quantity basis in the neighborhood of 170 per cent. Our farms produce 37 per cent more with about 20 per cent more farmers; our railways carry about 170 per cent more traffic with 61 per cent more men. And with all we have in 25 years decreased the weekly hours of labor by about 9 per cent, while real wages have increased 40 or 50 per cent. The terrors of un employment have been lessened.2
These statements reflect the general belief and attitude on the subject. It is undoubtedly true that more machinery and more power are at the service of the people of the United States than ever before; but there has never, it is believed, been a complete survey or
i De Baufre, W. L., address as retiring president of the Nebraska chapter of Sigma XI, May 15, 1925; Science, new ser., vol. 62, p. 381, Oct. 30,1925.
» Hoover, Herbert, The Nation's Business, June 5,1926, p. 14.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 13
exact measurement of these mechanical devices which are so greatly increasing our per capita output.
It is manifestly impossible, or at least impracticable, to make a census of the machines themselves. They change and become obso lete too rapidly, and they can not be reduced to any satisfactory common unit. But there is one way whereby an index of the instal lation of machinery may be obtained by ascertaining the total horsepower of the engines that drive the different kinds of machinery. The engines may be of many different types, but their ability to oper ate machines may be expressed in terms of a single unit, the horse power. The amount of mechanization of industry as a whole or of any one industry over a period of time may be judged by the horse power capacity of the engines installed to drive the machinery in relation to the number of employees. If the total horsepower of the country's engines is appreciably greater now than it was 10 years ago, it may be said that there has been an increase in machinery installed. It is recognized that improvements in the technique of production or in transmission mechanism may increase the amount of machinery which can be operated by the same amount of horsepower. Never theless, it is believed that this difference is not large enough to impair the use of total horsepower as an index of the relative amounts of machinery in use over a period of years. Moreover, horsepower is the only index that can be used at the present time.
The aggregate horsepower of engines or motors, then, is roughly indicative of the amount of machinery installed and will be indicated by the term "horsepower equipment." It is figured only on engines that are properly designated "prime movers." A prime mover may be defined as an engine that utilizes the potential energy from some natural source (such as coal, wood, petroleum, or water) and converts it into the energy of motion. Thus steam engines and turbines, internal-combustion engines, and water wheels and turbines are prime movers. Electric motors, however, are not classified as prime movers because they do not utilize the original source of energy. They are run by electricity generated in dynamos, after the dynamos are set in motion by some prime mover.3
The purpose of this study is to present statistics of horsepower equipment as nearly as possible complete for all fields of productive activity in the United States. These statistics cover nine separate years spread over a period of seven and one-half decades, from 1849 to 1923. Naturally the censuses of the more recent years have yielded more exact information; there was less need for estimating for 1909, 1919, and 1923 than for the earlier year^.
* In dealing with manufactures alone the United States Census treats the horsepower of motors driven by purchased electricity as "primary power," because for the purposes of the census of manufactures such power is in the same category as that obtained directly from prime movers.
14 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
This is not the first attempt to show the amount of horsepower equipment installed in certain fields,4 nor is it the first time that an effort has been made to estimate the total amount existing in the country.6 But it is believed that no information has yet been made available which is the result of a careful, thorough survey and anal ysis of all the primary horsepower equipment existing in all the chief fields of productive activity over a period of years.
In the present survey the equipment was apportioned among 10 fields of activity. For each census year horsepower data were gath ered for manufactures, mines and quarries, agriculture, irrigation and drainage, electric central stations, electric railroads, steam rail* roads, ships, automobiles, and work animals not on farms. This apportionment made it possible to notice the trend in the use of equipment in any one field of endeavor and to determine the relative rank of any field at any one time.
The equipment was further classified, for the country as a whole and for each of the above-mentioned fields of activity, as to type of prime mover steam, internal combustion, and water. Purchased electricity was also recorded for certain fields in which it stands in the same category as primary power, but the duplication thus in volved was eliminated in computing the totals for the whole country. This classification made possible an analysis of the distribution and importance of the several types of prime movers at any one time and of the trend throughout the 75-year period.
Still another classification divjded the equipment into three larger groups "manufactures," including the horsepower in manufactures and that portion of electric central station equipment which is used for light and heat by consumers; "materials" (and food), including the horsepower in mines and quarries, agriculture, and irrigation and drainage; and "transportation," including the horsepower in electric and steam railroads, ships, automobiles, and work animals not on farms. '' Manufactures'' and'' materials'' were then combined for the sake of comparing equipment used to produce "form utilities" with that employed for the production of "place utilities." "Form utilities" are products which are changed in shape or form by the use of power. "Place utilities" are products which have value added to them by transportation. A further division of transporta tion horsepower was made in order to distinguish between "light" and "heavy" types, electric and steam railroads and ships being included under the latter and automobiles and work animals not on farms under the former. Finally, in order to portray the growth of
* See National Industrial Conference Board, A graphic analysis of the census of manufactures of the United States, pp. 139-202, New York, 1923; and Kinsman, C. D., An appraisal of power used on farms in the United States; U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 1438,1925.
> See De Baufre, W. L., op. cit., p. 382; MulhalTs "Dictionary of Statistics," p. 549,1892, for years before 1888; Low, F. R., Power resources past and present: Mechanical Engineering, January, 1925, p. 2.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 15
electric equipment, the horsepower of electric central stations, of electric railroads, and of motors used in manufactures and mines to generate their own power was summed up in one group.
These statistics are presented for the 9 years in the 75-year perio4 not only for the United States as a whole, but, as far as possible, for each of the 48 States and the District of Columbia and for each of the. 9 major geographic districts into which the country is divided. This analysis discloses the growth of the different fields of activj$v- over the several sections of the country.
This survey is primarily statistical. No effort is made to employ- the different indices of horsepower equipment in any particular way^ but a number of uses at once suggest themselves to the student. Some of these are pointed out on pages 36-42, but the actual develop-, ment is left to subsequent studies.
It should be constantly borne in mind that the statistics here, presented show horsepower equipment, not horsepower produced . that is, they show capacity, not use. None of the equipment is, used 24 hours of every day. On the contrary, most of it is in use only a small fraction [of the time. The figures, therefore, are an. indication of what couljd have been, not a record of what was. This, idea of the "use factor^" as it is called, will be more fully developed; in the following text, }>ut it should be remembered throughout the. discussion.
SOURCES A|ND ACCURACY OF THE DATA
Inasmuch as the ana of this study is chiefly statistical that ls,( , to present data of horsepower equipment that may be used by the student of economics the sources of the material and the method of obtaining the results sljiould first be indicated. The data for certain years are more accurate and reliable than those for others, as explained in detail below. Facts) of this nature will aid in the use of the statis tics and in an evaluation of the results.
The totals for the tinted States are made up of statistics procure^ for each of 10 fields o^ activity manufactures, mines and quarries, agriculture, irrigation ^nd drainage, electric central stations, electric railroads, steam railroads, ships, automobiles, and work animals not, on farms. The horsepower equipment in each one of these fields is engaged in some sort oi productive activity. The last two, however^ deserve special mention.
The field of automobiles is made up of passenger cars, motor cycles, and trucks. In 1923 the motor bus had not yet become an important factor in transportation, and the busses in use were generally in cluded with passenger cars in registration figures.8 Obviously the
6 Facts and figures of tbe automotive industry for 1923, New York City, National Automobtfe Chamber of Commerce.
61750 28 2
16 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
productive activities of passenger automobiles and motor cycles are as a whole very slight; it is only trucks that are used primarily for producing "place utilities" in goods to be consumed. The other cars are used chiefly for pleasure, as consumer's goods. Therefore, it has seemed wise to present figures bothdncluding pleasure cars and excluding them wherever their inclusion might distort the result and convey a false impression regarding the amount of equipment actually used in production.
Work animals not on farms were classed separately because it was impossible to apportion them among the other fields. Undoubt edly many are used in mines and others for general hauling.
In each field the total amount of horsepower equipment for each year was apportioned, so far as possible, among the different types of prime movers steam engines, internal-combustion engines, water wheels, windmills, and work animals and also purchased electricity, which is equivalent to primary power to the field using it. These details of prime-mover equipment in each field (exclusive of the purchased electricity, which would involve duplication) were then added to form totals for the country as a whole.
The data presented for the field of manufactures were obtained from the census reports, beginning with the year 1870. These volumes contain power figures for the United States as a whole and by States and for certain individual industries. Since 1920 the census of manufactures has been taken biennially. Not only are totals given, but also the amount of power installed by types of prime movers. There are no census figures of power for the years 1849 and 1859, and those here presented are pure estimates arrived at by plotting the increases of later decades and by extrapolation from the curve thus obtained, as well as by a consideration of other items that are reported for those years, such as number of employees and value of product. The data for 1849 and 1859 have thus less claim to accuracy than those for the later years; they are included as being of historical interest and indicating the small amount of power employed before the Civil War.
In the field of mines and quarries the census reports were again the source of material. No power analyses relating to this field are available for years before 1902. For these early years the data are scattered and incomplete. Figures for 1899 were based on the report for 1902, and those for the earlier years were estimated on the basis of the scattered material available and by extrapolation.
The material given for the field of agriculture was taken from an exhaustive study and analysis of power equipment used on farms made recently by C. D. Kinsman, agricultural engineer, of the United States Department of Agriculture.7 Kinsman presents power sta-
' An appraisal of power used on farms in the United States: U. 8. Dept. Agr. Bull. 1348,1926.
DEVELOPMENT OF HOESEPOWEE EQUIPMENT 17
tistics for the country is detailed in that he
as a whole from 1849 to 1924. His analysis gives power equipment by types of prime
movers as well as totals. He does not, however, offer data for separ ate States except for 1924, and the State figures included in the pres ent study are estimated from the total for the country on the basis of improved farm acreige in each State, figures of which are avail able in the decennial relports of the census from 1850 to 1920. This basis seems to be morfe closely related to horsepower than merely all land in farms, inasmuch as power equipment is used almost wholly on land that is in crops or pasture. Improved acreage is of course not entirely indicative of the use of power as among States, for in some sections of the country certain types of farm activity are carried on which undoubtedly [require a larger power installation than those of other sections. Nevertheless, it is believed that such discrepancy is not great enough to invalidate the results.
The census report fyr 1920 on irrigation and drainage contains data which give the equipment of pumping stations in this field for 1909 and 1919, botjh for the country as a whole and by States. These horsepower figuites, however, are not separated according to
* types of prime movers^ Effort was made to obtain such separate figures by correspondence with the Department of Agriculture, but they were not available. As the total amount is relatively small, an arbitrary separation wis made so as to aid in forming the United States total for power lf>y types of prime movers. The data for the years before 1909, are estimates based on the increase between 1909 and 1919 and correlated as far as possible with the census figures showing the acreage of land irrigated or drained.
In the fields of electrjic central stations and electric railroads total horsepower equipment! and equipment by types of prime movers are given in the special census reports of 1902, 1907, 1912, 1917, and 1922. Figures for 189J9, 1909, 1919, and 1923 were obtained by plotting the data given and then by extrapolation and interpolation, for the country as a \^hole and for the several States. No horse power statistics are available for the years before 1902, but the num ber of electric central stations is given as far back as 1881; from these a power factor per central station was obtained and used in esti mating power equipment for 1889 and 1899, to check the results obtained by extrapolation. A similar check was applied in the field of electric railroads by using the data given regarding number of companies, miles of I track, and number of employees.* Figures for the electrified divisions and tunnels of steam railroads are avail able in the later reportjs; these were included with electric railroads for 1909, 1919, and 19J23. All material for the separate States in these two fields were obtained in the same way.
18 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
The statistics presented for the horsepower equipment of steam* railroads for 1909, 1919, and 1923 are based on material issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission, giving average number of loco motives in service as far back as 1890 and average pounds of tractive force as far back as 1903. These two sets of figures for 1909,1919, and 1923 were multiplied, the result expressing total tractive force in. pounds for locomotives in those years. Horsepower figures are not given in the statistical reports of the Interstate Commerce Commission^ inasmuch as horsepower varies with the speed of the locomotive. A formula supplied by the Commission's Bureau of Locomotive Inspec- tion, however, was used to convert tractive force into horsepower. This formula, which assumes the average speed of all locomotives to-
Tx 11 be 11 miles an hour, is > where T is the tractive force in poundsOiO
The horsepower equipment on steam railroads for the years 1849,. 1859, 1869, 1879, 1889, and 1899 was estimated as follows: Poor's- "Manual of railroads" gives the number of locomotives back to 1877 and track mileage back to the beginning of construction. An aver age factor was obtained expressing the relationship, between these two- items. This factor was applied to the track mileage for the early decades, as it was fairly constant over a period of years and it was- assumed to be applicable as far back as 1849. The number of loco motives having thus been estimated, the average tractive force for the same years was computed by means of the formula given in the- handbooks issued by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, namelyC2 x S x P ^ t where C equals the diameter of the cylinder in inches,.
S is the stroke of the piston in inches, P the mean effective boiler- pressure in pounds, and D the diameter of the drive wheels in inches. A number of books were read in order to get these dimensions in early locomotives representative of their time. The figures for trac tive force thus obtained were then converted into horsepower by means of the first formula given above. It was found impossible to- estimate steam-railroad horsepower equipment by States. No data are available giving number of locomotives or ton-miles of freight for each State, inasmuch as most lines operate in more than one State. Track mileage per State was considered unsuitable as a basis for estimates, because it fails to indicate heaviness of traffic that is,, the amount of power used in different sections of the country varies widely over similar lengths of track, owing to differences in the density of traffic and in grade of road bed.
Horsepower figures for vessels engaged in river, canal, lake, and coastwise transportation were tabulated from statistics contained in. the annual list of merchant vessels compiled by the Bureau of Navi gation of the Department of Commerce. The figures in the lists for
DEVELOPMENT Otf HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 19
1909 and 1919 were added, giving totals for horsepower and gross tonnage. Separate statistics if or vessels using steam and internal- combustion engines wore not obtainable before 1915. A horsepower factor per gross ton for each of these types of vessels, however, was worked out for 1919 jmd 192£. For 1909 a horsepower factor per "gross ton of all vessels was used, and as horsepower data were very incomplete for vessels before 1910 it was assumed that the same factor was applicable bo the earlier years. These factors were then applied to figures of gzoss tonnage, obtained from the annual reports of the Commissioner o ' Navigation, for the United States as a whole tack to 1849 and for States back to 1889, thus yielding data for horse power equipment in tils field.
Perhaps the greatest difficulty was experienced in obtaining trust worthy estimates of lorsepoiwer equipment in the field of auto mobiles. Two items were necessary the number of passenger cars, motorcycles, and trucls for the four years covered (1899, 1909, 1919, and 1923), and the average horsepower of these vehicles. The first item was obtained as follows: Total figures of registration from 1895 to 1923 were given in the 1924 issue of "Facts and figure! of the automotive industry," published by the National Automobile Cham ber of Commerce. Ttiese were checked by similar data furnished by the Bureau of Public Roads of the Department of Agriculture, and by the statistical issues of the magazine Motor. Unfortunately, no one of these sources gave any indication of separate registration by passenger cars, motor cycles, and trucks for the years before 1914. Figures for production^ of passenger cars and trucks, however, were available as far back jas 1899, and an approximation of correctness was effected by applying to the registration for the early years the ratio of such production to total registration for the later years. The second essential item, the horsepower average to be applied to the mumber of vehicles, was found in this fashion: At first it was thought that the figures of hoj'sepower published by Automotive Industries would be adequate, but it was discovered that many of these figures, which represent "rated" horsepower and are used only for purposes of taxation, were mucifi lower than the actual horsepower capable of being developed in automobile engines, known as "brake" horse power. Data for computing "brake" horsepower were then ob tained in two ways bjy writing to the leading car and truck manu facturers of the country in order to ascertain the horsepower of all old and recent models, and by consulting the engine specifications of cars in the statistical issues of Motor for the years 1910, 1020, and 1924. The final problem was to give due weight, as far as pos sible, to the horsepower of the different types of cars. Most weight naturally belonged to bhe cars that were most numerous. Study of volumes of production given;in Motor led to the conclusion that
20 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
about half of the automobiles represented in the registration figures were Fords and that the other half was made up in general of three types of cars the high-priced, luxury car, of which there were fewest in use; the middle-class, medium-priced car; and the most used, low-priced car. An average horsepower figure was struck for each group. The first was weighted 1, the second 3, and the third 5. The weighted mean then obtained was applied to the other half of the registration total. The total horsepower obtained by this means, is believed to be fairly reliable. It is at least indicative of the enor mous growth in the use of this kind of transportation. Registration by States has been reported only after 1914, so that horsepower data for different sections of the country could be presented only for 19191 and 1923.
The material for work animals not on farms came from the report by C. D. Kinsman already cited. The figures are available for every year covered by the tables, but apportionment among States was. impossible.
After the data had been collected and classified for each field in. the manner just indicated, they were combined and used in a number of different ways. The amounts of horsepower equipment in th& different types of prime movers in each field were summed up hi order to show their relative importance and rates of increase for the country as a whole. The figures thus obtained indicated what kinds of energy were being most used in any one decade and dis closed any changes in their relative proportions. There is much concern at present as to the past importance and the probable future significance of coal and fuel oils compared with such other sources of energy as water and wind. It is hoped that the analysis discussed above throws some light on this question.
The amounts of equipment in each field were combined for each, decade in larger groups, chiefly for the purpose of comparing power used in the different types of industry manufacturing, mining, and agriculture with that 1 used in transportation.
It is believed that the chief value of the statistics presented in this study will be to show that horsepower equipment has increased more rapidly than population or number of wage earners in other words, that there has been a steady growth in the horsepower equip ment per capita and per wage earner over the entire 75-year period, both for the country as a whole and for those fields of activity in which number of wage -earners can be separately ascertained. An index of this increase may then be used for comparison with indices- for other ratios, such as volume of production per wage earner or amount of wages per wage earner.
The population and total number of wage earners in the country were obtained from the census reports for each year except 1923 and
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 21
compared with total horsepower by means of index numbers. The figures for 1923 are estimated on the basis of past growth and on the basis of a similar estimate made by the National Electric Light Association. Number^ of wage earners were ascertained for 7 of the 10 fields of activity joaanufactures, mines and quarries, agriculture, electric central station^, electric railroads, steam railroads, and ships. The data on manufactures for the whole period are obtainable in the census reports on manufactures. Those on mines and quarries come from census reports oji occupations up to and including 1919; the figure for 1923 is estimated from past growth, no other complete sources being available. The material in the column of agriculture is taken from the work of Kinsman. The number of wage earners in electric central stations and electric railroads was determined from material in the special census reports by extrapolation and inter polation. The statistics issued by the Interstate Commerce Com mission give for each year the number of wage earners on steam rail roads. The census reports on occupations furnish the basis for the statistics of wage earners on, ships up to and including 1919, and the figure for 1923 is an estimate based on past growth and compared with tonnage.
In general the accuracy of the statistics presented in this study increases with each successive decade. The data for the early years are almost wholly estimated, but it is believed that the estimates are supported by bases accurate enough to lend a degree of authenticity to them. Census taking in the later years has become m'ore efficient and more inclusive, and consequently the most accurate figures are those for 1909 and 1919. Estimates had to be made in certain fields for 1923, as 1920 wasj the most recent census year, but these esti mates are relatively reliable because their bases come from recent
The latest year for which accurate statisticstrustworthy sources. are available in most o the 10 fields of activity is 1923, and for thatreason the study has [ not been extended into more recent years. Any material presented for years later than 1923 would be almost wholly estimated from incomplete sources. There are no statistics for manufactures after 1923, for mines after 1920, for agriculture after 1924, for irrigation and drainage after 1920, for electric central stations.and electric railroads after 1922, for steam railroads after 1924, for ships after 1926, for automobiles after 1926, and for work animals not on farms after 1920.
Every effort was made to include in this survey all the horsepower equipment in the country. However, there are some items for which no data were available nor even any material that could be made the basis for a fairly accurate estimate. For example, no informa tion could be obtained from any source on the amount of equipment in use in the field of building and construction. De Baufre, in his
22 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN TJNITED STATES
article cited above, makes an estimate of 4,000,000 horsepower in nonindustriai fields, but he does not state what is included in or formed the basis for this figure. Again, no information was available regarding the amount of equipment owned and used by hotels, office buildings, and public buildings, some of which generate their own heat and light and furnish the power for their own elevators.
On the other hand, data were obtained for some other items as set forth in the following paragraphs, but they are not included in the grand total, chiefly because they are of little or no importance in production.
There is about 700,000 horsepower in engines used for pumping in the cities of the United States. This figure was arrived at by obtaining from 10 of the largest cities the rated capacity of their pumping equipment and then applying this total so as to get the equipment of the whole urban population. The details are presented hi Table 35.
The horsepower of engines used in the airplanes of the United States Army amounted in 1925 to about 475,000. It was impossible to obtain data for commercial flying machines, as no registration is required for them.
The United States Navy commands a large horsepower equipment. In 1924 there was 11,000,000 horsepower in the navy battleships, cruisers, destroyers, submarines, patrol vessels, auxiliaries, aircraft, and district craft.
Another place where horsepower equipment might be found is in amusement parks and similar resorts. Inquiry has elicited the fact, however, tiat most of the power used in such places is purchased, in the form of central-station electricity.
There are some small items of horsepower which are not included in the totals published in the census of manufactures. The statistics of manufactures up to and including those of 1900 took in neighbor hood hand and building industries, as well as factory industries, but all later censuses have embraced only the statistics on factories. In the later reports the data before 1910 have been reduced to the new basis for purposes of comparison.
On page 521 of volume 8 of the Census for 1920 is found a list of classes of establishments that were not canvassed for horsepower. Places having an annual output valued at less than $500 were not reported. No data were obtained for the various building industries architects' work, bridge building, building and construction work, carpenter shops and contracting carpenters, electric wiring and con struction work, excavating and well digging, masonry, brick and stone work or for moving and raising buildings, paving and laying- stone and concrete, plumbing, gas and steam fitting, roofing, or rail road construction. Establishments making building supplies and
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT
weie
guaimg;
connection with ccknstructjion work rei
included. Other industries omitted in the a small amount of mechanical power, are
blacksmith shops; locksmith "and gunsmith varkmsother repair shops; establishments making cos*
cotton cleaning and rehandliug; cotton corn- dentistry; packing, dressing, and ship-
done on a large scale by meat-packing firms; baling; ice harvesting (ice manufacturing is blending liquors; salting hides; stone crush-,
(stone crushing as a business ported); tobacco stemming and rehandlmg; establishments in which beverages or sirups-
manufacturing carried on in educational, elee- institutions. Most of the establishments
however, are so small that in all probability electricity to run their few machines. This rei>orted under electric central stations, reports the horsepower equipment of the fol-
does not include it in the total for manu- manufacturing establishments, 173,000
laundries, 197,000 horsepower; dyeing and clean- custom sawmills, 131,000 horsepower; cus- horsepower. The total is 744,000 horse-
.portal it amount. These figures are for 1919. (See
but
materials, however, census, which might have had bicycle-repairing shops; shops; garages,; tumes for rent only; pressing and cotton ping poultry except as fisheries; hay and straw reported); rectifying and ing infor selling to public- is bottling, unless done by are made; dairies; and mosynary, and penal enumerated above, they use purchased electricity would be
Finally, the census lowing establishments factures; Governmental horsepower; power ing, 24,000 horsepower; torn gristmills, 219,OOC power, a not Table 34.)
DEVELOPMENT OF PRIME MOVERS
Two obvious but significant considerations must be remembered in the study of the phenomenal growth in the use of prime movers, First, without inventions and improvements ra prime movers, including advances mace in fuel utilization, there coujd have been no .substitution of mechanical for hand labor, with the resulting reduction in the cost of power and product. Second, inventions and improvements were necessary also in the machines that used the power, for even if power was available it could not be employed unless machines were ready. In general, however, i* is true that improve ments in both fields have kept pace with each other.
A few of the chief technical advances that have been made, mainly in this country, in the improvement of prime movers will be briefly set forth. The writer makes no claim to original research on this topic. The material presented is well known to'most students and is introduced to serve as a background for the ensuing discussion, No attempt will be made to cover the field suggested under the second point above.
The technical side of a discussion on horsepower equipment may be divided into two parts generation of power and transmission of
24 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
power. The first deals with the making of kinetic energy out of the potential energy of natural resources such as coal, oil, and water. The second deals with devices that connect this energy of motion to machines which do man's work. The story of each of these phases falls roughly into three periods the colonial period, lasting till 1790; the period from 1790 to, 1860; the period from 1860 to the present time.
During the colonial period the industrial situation in this country was similar to that existing in England before the industrial revolu tion. The manufacturer was a man who owned a small mill or operated a forge, and in colonial parlance a mill meant either a grinding contrivance or any machinery operated by hand, animal, wind, or water.8 These were the chief types of power in use at that time, and they came to be employed in the order named. Hand power was first used everywhere in forges and for grinding. The utilization of animal power came next, horses and cattle being used where absence of water power, pecuniary inability, or sparseness of population made it impracticable to use power of any other type.9 Wind was used to turn the wheels of gristmills and sawmills at an early date. Windmills were found chiefly among the Dutch settlers in New York, although there were a considerable number in New England. Indeed, the first mill to be operated in that section of the country was one propelled by wind near Watertown, Mass., in 1632. 10 Most of the small colonial establishments, however, were operated by water power. The ample fall and precipitation of the Atlantic slope provided many watercourses on which power could be developed. At that time the smaller creeks and rivers of New England and the central colonies were used much more for power than now. The larger water powers were not developed till after the Revolutionary War. Small enterprises were the rule. In these mills "most of the wheels were undershot and utilized only a fraction of the waiter power applied to them. Power transmission was so little under stood that a separate wheel was generally necessary for each unit of machinery. The wheels and most of the mechanism were of wood. The invention of improvements by which several kinds of apparatus threshing and winnowing machines, grist and bolting mills, flax beating and cleaning machinery could be operated by a single wheel is attributed to a Connecticut mechanic [Joel Harvey], who not long before the Revolution received a prize from the London Society of Arts for his devices. Any part of the machinery could be discon- continued without impeding the rest." 11
«Clark, V. S., History of manufactures in the United States: Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 215* p. 174,1916.
8 Bishop, G. L., History of American manufactures from 1608 to I860, vol. 1, p. 116,1861. "Idem, p. 117. " Clark, V. S., op. cit., p. 175.
DEVELOPMENT OF (HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 25
The steam engine wasi of no importance as a prime mover in colonial manufactures. It had only just been proved practicable and was yet in the experimental stage. Watt's engine was patented in 1769, but it did not become a really established factor in the economic life of Great Britain until the colonies had won their freedom. On this side of the water a number of men were working on production of power by steam. Jonathan Hornblower, Christopher Colles, Barna bas Deane, James Fitch, Henry Voight, and Oliver Evans are the names of pioneers in tiis field. The work of Evans is particularly worthy of note. It was he who first experimented successfully with the high-pressure steam engine about 1775. This type of engine was far superior to the former low-pressure devices, although it required much more cs.reful handling. The mechanical horsepower equipment used in the| colonial period was thus scarcely advanced beyond the experimental stage.
In the second period, however, up to the Civil War, the factory system of manufacture began to develop, and a number of improve ments were effected. At first the very fact that water power was so plentiful and inexpensive led to wastefulness in its use. Managers of enterprises chose to employ cheap water wheels rather than invest in more expensive ones which by their more economical utilization of water would have amply justified the extra cost. Until 1840, for example, wooden pitchbaick wheels were used which turned inward toward the fall, the water striking them just short of their highest point, the impact or kinetic energy of the falling water being thus lost. Eight such wheels 30 feet in diameter, with buckets 12 feet long to catch the water, constituted the power equipment of the Merrimac Co. at Lowell, Mass. 12 These wheels utilized about three-fourths of the power applied to them. This Lowell develop ment was typical of the way in which cotton manufacturers had been using water power ever since the initial successful use of wheels of this type for cotton manufacture in 1790 at Pawtucket Falls. 13 The larger streams were developed. A system of canals was built on the inner side of a bend in a river, enabling the running of many wheels at different levels by the same stream. The wheels were all of the overshot type.
It is believed that the introduction of the first steam-engine millat Providence, R. I., in 1830 stimulated the search for a more efficient
France, ment was a failure.Philadelphia published
way to utilize water power. Interest turned to the hydraulic tur bine. This prime mover had reached its greatest perfection in
It had been tried in this country in 1790, but the experi- Soon after 1840 the Franklin Institute ofaccounts of the French wheels which led to
» Clark, V. 8., op. dt., p. 406. " Lucke, C. E., Power, p. 230, Columbia Univ. Press, 19H.
26 POWEE CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNETE& STATES
experimentation and resulting proof of their greater efficiency and cheapness. 14
There is some difference of opinion as to when the hydraulic turbine was first used in this country, 16 but it is safe to say that by 1845 there were two or three hi successful operation. Ten years- later hydraulic turbines had displaced most of the pitchback wheels at- Lowell and had been introduced from the first in the new factories at Lawrence. Their use add£d about one-fourth to the power utilized at these cities. 18 The introduction of the turbine was the- first step toward the modern hydraulic plant. Although invented in France, the modern turbine owes its development chiefly to- improvements made by American engineers. Turbine development, however, was forced to wait upon advances in the technique of metal working, 17
Steam engines, to the introduction of which was partly due the marked improvement in the economical utilization of water power,, were installed slowly at first. During the first third of the nineteenth century the location of factories was determined chiefly with reference to water power. But improvements in the steam engine led to their increasing use during the later half of this period.
Two general designs of engine came into early use the low-pres sure Boulton & Watt type, imported from England and also built in America, and the high-pressure type, made by Oliver Evans in Phila delphia, which was able to compete actively with the low-pressure engine and which was in some respects superior. The high-pressure engine was more satisfactory for use in factories, and, although it x required more fuel, was simpler to build. 18
The invention of the crank shaft by Watt in 1784 changed the reciprocating motion of the engine piston to the rotary motion of a shaft, and the use of all the expanding power of steam in triple- expansion engines is another outstanding improvement in this period. But perhaps.the greatest advance, so far as factory use is concerned, was that made in the new Corliss engine of 1849. This engine possessed a much more sensitive governor, called variously a "valve gear" or "rotary valve" or "drop cut-off," which enabled engineers not only to keep the speed of the engine much more uniform than before but to regulate the speed in accordance with the require-
» Clark, V. 8., op. cit., p. 407.' Clark (op. cit., p. 407) says that the first to be used practicably in New England was built in 1843 by
George Kilburn for the Fall River plant of Robeson & Sons. He also mentions the turbine installed at the Appleton Mills, in Lowell, Mass., designed by Uriah Boyden. This 75-horsepower turbine could reach an efficiency of 8$ per cent. In 1845 another Fall River mill was equipped with a turbine. C. E. Lucke gives Boyden's 1844 engine as the first installation.
i« Clark, V. S., op. cit., p. 408.i' Freeman, J. R., Water-power production in the United States: World Power Conference Kept., vol*
I, p. 374,1824.11 Clark, V. S., op. cit., p. 409. Kaempffert, Waldemar, A popular history of invention, vol. 2, p. 484,
1924.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 27
merits of the particular factory. Spindles and looms, for example, could be driven continuously at the speed required for the best type of product. In addition to affording evenness of operation, the Corliss engine permitted appreciable economies hi fuel utilization.
The third chief type of prime mover, the internal-combustion engine, was not developed to practical use during the period before the Civil War, but a great deal of experimentation was being done with the idea of moving a piston by means of expanding gases. In fact, ever since 1678, when the Abb6 de Hautefeuille used an explosion of gunpowder to drive a piston in a cylinder, men had been working on the problem.
In considering the progress made during this period, it must be remembered that the difficulty of working metal to exact dimensions retarded the development of prime movers. In the early steam engines, for example, the lever beams, the arms and shafts of the fly wheels, the bearings, and even the boilers and other parts were made of wood. Advances in engine design depended in part on improve ments in iron working.
It is since 1860 that the most rapid strides have been made in power development. Technical advances in subsidiary industries and new demands for power made by the growing industrialism of the country have furnished ample impetus.
One outstanding invention has appeared in the field of water power. This was the Pelton wheel, first used successfully in 1884 at the Chollar mine, in the Sierra Nevada.19
The steam turbine was the major development in steam utilization during the later half of the nineteenth century. Engineers had experimented with the idea ever since Hero, of Egypt, had made his crude toy about 100 B. C., but it had never been of practical use because of its high speed. Not until the high-speed electric generator was invented did it find extensive employment.
An .extremely interesting development of recent date is the use of mercury vapor instead of steam to operate turbines. Mercury is vaporized in a specially constructed boiler, passes thrtiugh a turbine, where it does useful work, and exhausts into a surface condenser, where its latent heat is used to make steam that drives an ordinary turbine. The condensed mercury is returned to the boiler and used again. The advantage of this system is due to the facts that mercury can be heated to a high temperature without developing excessive pressure and that the heat of condensation can be utilized for making steam at pressure desirable for use. The utmost care, however, must be exercised to prevent the escape of the highly poisonous mer cury vapor. A system of this type was installed in 1923 by the Hart ford (Conn.) Electric Light & Power Co. It is reported that the
" Kaempftert, Waldemar, op. cit., p. 636.
28 POWER CAPACITY AND PEODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
experiment has proved highly successful and that the fuel bill has been about halved.20
The internal-combustion engine was developed about the time of the Civil War. The Lenoir motor, which marked a distinct epoch in gas-engine construction, appeared in 1860 and was the first engine of this type that performed with relative smoothness and efficiency;, but it used fuel rather wastefully. The Lenoir engine was followed in 1862 by an engine invented by Beau de Rochas, who introduced the modern system of four-cycle operation. 'This engine was placed on the market in 1878 by Otto, after whom the four-cycle idea i& sometimes named. In 1879 Clerk brought out his two-cycle engine. Both these types are used to-day, but the four-cycle engine is the prevailing type.
Many small improvements have been effected in these engines, but- there has been only one notable and significant development in the internal-combustion field since 1880 the Diesel engine, which utilizes the four-cycle principle. The chief difference of the Diesel from other internal-combustion engines- is that instead of an electric spark being used to ignite'a charge of fuel vapor, injected air is so greatly compressed in the cylinder that its heat fires the fuel, which is injected into the cylinder at the completion of compression.21 Great economies are claimed for the Diesel motor, one of which i& that heavy oils may be used to advantage.
The chief use of the internal-combustion engine has been in the province of transportation, where its advantages are obvious. It has failed to advance as a source of electric generation, mainly because to build it in the large units required in central stations has- been impossible. Diesel engines, however, are gradually being increased in size and are successfully competing with steam-driven prime movers.
Remarkable as has been the growth in the total capacity of this kind of prime mover and supreme as it is in its own field, another equally outstanding power achievement since 1860 has been the development of electricity. In many ways electricity is unsur passed as a form of power. The electric generator and the electric motor are, of course, not prime movers, but the current produced by one and used by the other has enabled this country to use sources- of power which otherwise would be largely untouched and to put this energy at the disposal of almost every inhabitant.
Although the relation between electricity and magnetism was dis covered and known in the first half of the nineteenth century, it was- not until 1870 that these principles were used in a practical way. At this time Gramme, a Belgian, produced a workable generator yield-
Mi Kaempffert, Waldemar, op. cit., p. 502. « Hogle, W. H., Internal-combustion engines, p. 17,1909.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 29
ing a direct, continuous current. Three years later, at a Gramme exposition in Vienna, it was accidentally discovered that a dynamo is also a motor if electric current is applied to it. This was the curious beginning of the electric power industry.
The first electric central station in the United States was the one built by Edison at New York City in 1882. The current in this and all the other early plants was used for lighting. Industrial uses were to come later. The first hydroelectric station began operation in the same year at Appleton, Wis. In 1885, at Great Banington, Mass.,, a notable advance was made in the first successful commercial use of alternating current for lighting. The year 1887 saw the first, electric street railway in this country in operation at Richmond, Va,
Most of the developments in the field of electricity, however, have been made in connection with transmission. These improvements have paved the way for what some choose to call "the second indus trial revolution" and have made possible the location of factories, at comparatively long distances from the sources of power. The transformer idea was contributed by Faraday about 1845, but it was of no practical use until 1888, when Tesla invented both the multiple transformer and the polyphase electric motor for alternating current of high frequency. Alternating current being far superior to direct current for transmission, the way lay open for subsequent, advances. There have been no unusual or radical changes since then merely the gradual improvements which so often follow in the wake of a great invention. The chief of these improvementa have been protection against lightning and better insulation to guard against loss of current.22
Long-distance electrical transmission of energy in the United States dates from 1893, when the polyphase system was first used for carrying a current of high voltage from the plant of the San Antonio Light & Power Co., at Pomona, Calif., to San Bernardino, a distance of about 19 miles. The original current of 1,000 volta was stepped up to 10,000 volts. This pioneer effort was followed by other plants. To California, with its ample water power in the Sierra Nevada many miles from centers of population, belongs the credit for the biggest development in electrical transmission. By 1900 a pressure of 40,000 volts had been attained. In 1909 this was increased to 110,000 volts, and in 1923 a high-tension line trans porting 220,000 volts was put in operation in this State.23
But there were achievements in the transmission of electric current in other sections also.24 Niagara River, although furnishing a much smaller "head" than was often found on the Pacific coast, provided a larger volume of water. Electricity generated by turbines at
a World Power Conference Trans., vol. 3, p. 1110,1924.a Idem, p. 1111.J< Census of Manufactures, 1900, vol. 7, p. cccxxii.
30 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
Niagara Falls was transmitted 23 miles to Buffalo in 1895. Another noteworthy contemporary performance was that at Sault Ste. Marie, where a canal about 2 miles long developing a head of about 20 feet was constructed along St. Marys Falls, at the outlet of Lake Superior into Lake Huron.
Although electricity furnishes the most striking attainments in the field of transmission, the other methods of hooking up machinery to the power afforded by prime movers must not be overlooked. There are three main means of transmission.2* First, the motion of a prime mover may be carried over directly by such devices as gears, belts, sprockets, or ropes and pulleys. Second, it may be trans mitted over longer distances by pressure. Water, hi hydraulic mains, and air, used like steam to run engines or drills, come under this classification, The third system is not dependent on push or pull but involves a transformation of energy from a form not easily transmitted to another that is for example, electricity stepped up in voltage by means of transformers and sent over long distances and gas sent through pipes to engines.
As regards the first method, there is only the need to note that during colonial times wooden cogs and shafts were used. These were followed by metal gears, but by 1830 it was proved that belting was superior. Although gearing is most suitable under some circum stances, belting still remains the best means of transmitting power over short spaces. Much study on the subject has resulted in numerous improvements, perhaps inspired chiefly by the high speeds necessary for metal cutting.
The transmission of power over distances by water, air, or gas is not important industrially and is of only local significance.
CERTAIN FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
A number of interesting trends appear from a survey of the accom panying tables and charts. Although the chief aim of this study is the presentation of the data as a reference compilation of material ifrom a number of scattered sources, an outline of certain chief find ings to which the statistics point is not entirely beyond its scope.
In Table 1 and Figure 1 is shown the total horsepower of prime movers installed in the different industrial activities in this country for each census year from 1849 to 1923. From 10 millions it has grown to the astonishing total of 684 millions of horsepower, more than sixty-eight times as much. Each decade has witnessed a steady increase, but since 1899 the development has been marvelous. Before that time the increase in any 20-year period had never been much jnore tfian twofold, but in the 20 years from 1899 to 1919 the growth
» Lucke, C. E., op. csit., p. 366.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 31
was more than sixfold. Only four years later, in 1923, the total was over ten times that for 1899.
The chief reason for this recent enormous growth is the increasingly extensive use of the internal-combustion engine in the pleasure automobile. Over 450 million horsepower, or almost two-thirds of the 1923 total, belongs to this class. This equipment is, for the most part, not really productive. . Therefore the table also presents figures for the later years which show the amount of equipment exclusive of that assignable to pleasure vehicles. Here the growth, though pronounced and rather more rapid than before 1899, is more even. The total in 1923 was about twenty-three times that in 1849 and more than three and one-half times that in 1899.
Table 1 furnishes a picture of the continual growth of the capacity of prime movers over a long period of time, gathering speed and momentum with each decade. A more detailed inquiry, however, is necessary to determine the exact nature and trend of this increase.
Table 2 shows the installed capacity of prime movers in the different industrial activities, the distribution of the total horsepower of prime movers in each census year in percentages of the yearly total among the different activities, and the relative growth of the capacity of prime movers installed in each activity. The capacity as given in this table represents the horsepower of prime movers owned by the establishments reporting them. The capacity of any prime mover is included but once and only in the activity reporting it. There is therefore no duplication of horsepower capacity in this table.
Table 3 shows the horsepower utilized in the activities given in Table 2. The figures in this table include the horsepower of owned or installed prime movers in each activity and the horsepower of electric motors or other equipment in each activity driven by pur chased electrical and mechanical power. This table therefore con tains some duplication, the amount of which may be ascertained by comparing the figures with those in Table 2 for the same activities.
It is at once apparent from an examination of these tables that there has been a remarkable increase in motor-driven vehicles. Although the automobile was in its infancy as recently as 1899, its growth has been tremendous, there being nearly sixteen thousand times as much horsepower in automobile engines in 1923 as in 1899. This remarkable increase in automobiles is due mainly to the use of the automobile for pleasure. Passenger cars and motorcycles, which may be considered as being used mainly for recreation, represent about 90 per cent of the total horsepower as well as of the total number of automobiles in 1923> (See Table 31.) This rapid increase in automobiles since 1899 so distorts comparisons of the relative amount and growth of power in other activities that figures of capacity are given with the horsepower of pleasure automobiles omitted.
61750 28 3
32 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
The next largest increase in capacity of prime movers is in electric central stations, which show a gain from 120,000 horsepower in 1899 to 22,000,000 in 1923. Second in rank in total capacity to automo biles come steam locomotives, indicating the importance of railroad transportation.
Agriculture ranks third hi capacity of prune movers. Up to 1869 and later more than half of the total capacity of prime movers hi all activities was installed and utilized hi agriculture. The vast indus trial development hi the United States that was well under way at the beginning of the century called for so much power that prune movers in agriculture gradually became of relatively less importance hi each decade, but nevertheless the capacity of prime movers hi agriculture still holds third place.
In general, transportation activities have increased more rapidly than the activities that produce "form utilities" manufactures, mines and quarries, and agriculture.
The use of purchased power has increased rapidly, and to this development in the power field is due the rapid growth of electric central stations. A comparison of Tables 2 and 3 shows how extensive the use of purchased power has become. For example, manufactures in 1923 purchased power to operate more than 13,000,000 horsepower of electric motors, and electric railways purchased power to operate about 2,500,000 horsepower of motors. The utilization of purchased power M will probably continue to increase, as power can be produced more economically in a large central station with its high load factor resulting from large diversified load than hi small plants with the low load factors that are the rule hi such plants.
It may be interesting to compare the figures in Table 1 with a previous estimate of horsepower over a period of years, given in MulhalTs "Dictionary of statistics," page 549, 1892:
« The following figures are given in the Electrical World, Jan. 2,1926, pp. 28, 44:
Jan. 1, 1924
11, 623, 6442, 258, 347
502, 736
14, 384, 727
Jan. 1, 1925
13,406,7772,588,983
570,844
16, 566, 604
Jan. 1, 1926
14, 532, 9302,781,280
622,950
17,937,160
The lowering in the rate of increase of lighting consumers is laid to the decrease in building operations and the approach toward saturation point; but industry is said to be far from saturated (p. 44), as it is only 65 per cent electrified, and of this 32.4 per cent comes from privately owned generating plants. In the whole manufacturing power field, therefore, the maximum potential load of the country's central stations has been only 44 per cent developed.
Some industries, of course, present an almost impossible barrier to electrification. Such are those which use coal for heat as well as for steam power for example, blast furnaces, factories making clay and glass products, oil refineries, and textile finishing mills.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT
Estimated horsepower of prime movers, 1840-1888
33
Year
1840.-.... 1850 1860 ______ . _ .. ____ . ___ . _____ __ 1870 1880 1888 _.
Fixed
360,000600,000800,000
1,216,0002,186,0003,300,000
Locomo tives
200,000600,000
1,800,0003,300,0005,700,0009,300,000
Steamboats
200,000500,000900,000
1,100,0001,200,0001,800,000
Total
760,0001,700,0003,500,0005,616,0009,086,000
14,400,000
In this table locomotives are arbitrarily considered as being of 300 horsepower each, and the horsepower of steamboats is considered equivalent to their tonnage. "Fixed horsepower" evidently means manufactures, as it is estimated before 1870 on the basis of "number of hands."
W. L. De Baufre (Science, Oct. 30, 1925, p. 328) estimates the grand total to be about 500,000,000 horsepower for 1925. F. R. Low (Mechanical Engineering, January, 1925, p. 2) makes an estimate of about 700,000,000 horsepower for the same year. (See p. 35.)
A second manner of analysis concerns itself with the growth of horsepower equipment among the different types of prime movers. In Table 4 (A and C) and Figure 5 it is evident that the most rapid development has taken place in internal-combustion engines. This was to be expected from what is known about the large number of automobiles in existence, but even if the capacity of pleasure cars is deducted from the total, the item of trucks is still great enough to give this type of prime mover first place in rate of increase. Steam power, which is still the country's greatest single prime mover, has developed steadily but not so rapidly as water power. Undoubtedly hydroelectric developments have caused the rapid rate of growth since 1899. Windmills have never been of much importance, although their use has gradually increased. An interesting story is told in the column showing the decreasing number of work animals since 1909. This decrease is coincident with the use of mechanical devices on farms and in transportation.
Table 4 (B) and Figure 5 picture the transition of the country from the early stage, in which animals were chiefly used to perform the work of man, to the present time, when work animals have been supplanted by machines. Nevertheless work animals still represent more horsepower than water wheels. If the item of pleasure auto mobiles is subtracted from the internal-combustion quota, steam power has made up over half of the total since 1889. In 1923, how ever, its rank was reduced by internal-combustion power, which amounted to almost one-third of the total.
Several main points of interest come to light in the presentation in Table 5 and Plate 1 of the percentage distribution of prime movers in each of the fields of activity. The increasing use of purchased
34 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
electricity in manufactures and in mines and quarries is worthy of note. In agriculture work animals are still almost of first importance, being topped in 1923 only by internal-combustion equipment. Steam and purchased electricity are little used in agriculture, because they involve stationary power units, and most of the work on farms requires tractive force. Steam-driven prime movers form the chief type in electric central stations and electric-railroad power plants, although in the central stations water wheels amount to almost one- third of the total. The sailing vessel has been supplanted by the steam-driven ship ever since the Civil War. The use of internal- combustion engines for driving ships is increasing, and the horse power of Diesel engines used to operate ships may reach a consider able figure, especially if there is no pronounced increase in the cost of fuel oil.
Certain major groupings of horsepower equipment are shown in Table 6 and Figures 6 and 7. Power in the division "manufactures" has increased at a more rapid pace than in the division "materials," although the latter exceeds the former in absolute amount in every census year. But, as would be expected from the inclusion of pleasure automobiles, the division "transportation" has grown most rapidly of all. After 1899 it also exceeds the others in absolute amount. The rate of development in "manufactures and materials" shows an average of the rates of the two groups of which it is composed and is more satisfactory for comparison with the "transportation" divi sion, for it represents all the equipment used in producing "form utilities," whereas the equipment credited to "transportation" is used in producing "place utilities." In absolute amount the "manufac tures and materials" group exceeds the "transportation" group up to and including 1899, but after that "transportation" forges ahead. The increase in "manufactures and materials" from 1849 to 1923 is over eleven and one-half tunes, and from 1899 to 1923 almost, two and one-half times.
It is a striking fact that for more than 15 years so much more equipment has been installed for moving persons and goods from place to place than for making things. In so far as this difference is caused by equipment used for carrying the products of manu factures, mines and quarries, and agriculture, the conclusion that geographic specialization of production has gone far in this country is verified. And in so far as it is the result of equipment used for transporting persons, it may be cited as evidence supporting the con clusion that the citizens of this nation are enjoying unprecedented wealth and leisure, as shown especially by the figures for pleasure automobiles. (See Table 31.) Both conclusions are justified. It is interesting to speculate as to whether or not this immense amount of transportation equipment will not work toward a relocation of manufacturing industries with respect to markets and raw materials.
DEVELOPMENT OP HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 35
A better comparison of "form utility" equipment with "place utility" equipment, however, may be obtained if the horsepower of pleasure automobiles is subtracted from the "transportation" group, which will then include only equipment that is mostly "productive" that is, equipment that transports raw materials and finished prod ucts or carries people engaged in production. If the figures thus obtained are compared with those for "manufactures and materials," they will still show a much more rapid rate of increase. Moreover, after 1919, "transportation" minus pleasure automobiles appreci ably exceeds "manufactures and materials" even in absolute amount of equipment.
Table 7 presents statistics of population and wage earners for the country as a whole and for those fields of activity for which it was possible to obtain data. Figures 8, 9, and 10 compare the index numbers of population and wage earners with index numbers of horsepower equipment. It is evident that both before and after 1899 the amount of power equipment has increased more rapidly than the number of wage earners. This means that for each inhabit ant and worker every successive decade has witnessed a larger installation of power.
There is another, more direct way of arriving at this conclusion. By dividing the capacity of prime movers by the number of wage earners, the amount of horsepower per wage earner may be obtained directly for each census year and index numbers constructed there from. This is done in Table 8 and portrayed graphically in Figure II.27 '
The amount of equipment at the command of each inhabitant and wage earner in the country and in the several fields of activity has increased steadily. The absolute amount in any field of course depends on the expenditure of effort required to produce a given result; a larger installation per wage earner would be expected in the field of steam railroads than in the field of manufactures.
» Estimates of horsepower equipment by fields and horsepower equipment per wage earner are available from other sources. F. R. Low (Mechanical Engineering, January, 1925, p. 2) gives the following figures for installed capacity in horsepower, in 1024:
Central stations and industrial.___.____ ___-.___._..._.-..---.-._ 45,000,000 Electric railways____..________._____.____.__......___ 4,119,000Mining......................................................................__ 5,147,000Stationary (nonindustrial)..._.__.._____........__....___....... 4,000,000Steam railroads.-..__...........___._______._.__._......._... 130,000,000Navigation............._._____._.__....___._._____...._... 16,000,000Agriculture and traction.-_____________________.________ 200,000,000 Automotive______________________________________ 300,000,000
704,266,000
" If these figures are correct, there is installed for each unit of our population prune-mover capacity §apa- ble of generating about 7 horsepower."
W. L. De Baufre (Science, Oct. 30,1925, p. 182) says: " The total of these figures [for 1919] is over 500,000,000 horsepower available for a population of 105,000,000 people, or about 5 horsepower for each man, woman, and child."
In the present study the 1919 total is 396,000,000 horsepower, and the horsepower per inhabitant 3.75.
36 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
The important generalization that proceeds from a study of Table 8 is that human effort is continually being supplanted by machinery and mechanical devices operated by prime movers. The work that man has to do is being performed more and more by the machine which he makes.
Tables 9 to 20 present figures of horsepower equipment for States and geographic districts. The study of power in this manner is profitable in a number of respects. It may not tell anything par ticularly new about a section of the country, but it should serve to reinforce what is already known. For any one decade it will indicate the part of the country to which a certain field of activity, such as agriculture, is chiefly confined. It will also show any changes that have occurred from decade to decade. As far as possible, it will do the same thing for types of equipment. Not only are actual amounts of power shown for each State, but for 1923., in order to offset any advantages or disadvantages resulting from differences in size of States, the amount of horsepower per square mile for the total amount of primary power, for horsepower in manufactures, and for horsepower in agriculture is given by States in Table 10. Power in such States as Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Texas is thus shown in its true light as to "density" of use.
SOME USES FOB THE POWER INDEX
Certain conspicuous trends appear from the foregoing analysis. Power as a whole has increased tremendously from 1849 to 1923. Among the activities using power, manufactures and transportation have increased in relative importance while agriculture has decreased. The capacity of prime movers used to generate electric power has advanced with enormous strides since the beginning of the present century. In general, during the period of 75 years the country has changed from one that was predominantly agricultural to one whose chief interests are industrial. More detailed surveys of the types of prime movers and of the amounts of power installed in States and geographic districts serve to substantiate these chief conclusions. Furthermore, the amount of horsepower equipment has grown at a more rapid pace than the number of wage earners. In other words, the number of horsepower units installed per worker in the country has steadily increased.
Thus, as the capacity of prime movers may be considered an index of the use of machinery in production, it must^be concluded that human labor is continually being supplemented by mechanical devices. It is important, however, in any consideration of this notable trend, to bear in mind one especially significant qualification. The statistics in this study portray the rated capacity of prime movers that is, they indicate the amount of equipment which is
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 37
available for use for 24 hours of every day, but they throw no light on the question concerning how much of the time this equipment is actually used in production. They are a record of what can be done, not of what really is done. This is a very important distinc tion. It is obvious that if all the primary power of manufacturing plants and mines and farms and railroads were operated to capacity every hour of every day, the resulting volume of production would dwarf any past achievements. But the fact that it is not and in the nature of things never could be so operated must be considered in any study of power equipment.
The relation that exists between capacity and actual use of prime movers is expressed by the figure called "capacity factor" or "use factor," which is the ratio of the actual output of power to that which would be produced if the prime mover were operated at full capacity during the entire period under consideration. For example, if a 20-horsepower steam engine is operated at full capacity 2,000 hours during a year, its output would be 40,000 horsepower-hours. If it were operated at full capacity the entire year, or 8,760 hours, the output would be 175,200 horsepower-hours. The ratio between the actual output and the output that could have been produced is the use or capacity factor in this case 22.8 per cent. This ratio must not be confused with "load factor," which is a somewhat different ratio. The "load factor" is the ratio between the average load and the peak load of a given capacity of prime movers that is, between the average of all demands and the greatest or highest demand made on the equipment. It is evident that the load factor may be and usually is larger than the use factor, for the peak load may not tax the prime movers to their full capacity.
It is desirable to obtain some idea regarding the use factors of equipment in the different fields of activity that have been the sub jects of consideration in this study. In manufactures one authority gives the use factor as about 13.7 per cent.28 Data from another source M provide the basis for the calculation of the average use factor for manufactures, mines and quarries, and Government institutions as about 20 per cent. In mines and quarries it has variously been estimated from about 14.3 .per cent for all mines to 24 per cent for anthracite mines and 12 per cent for all other mines and quarries.30
The lowest use factor among all activities but automobiles is found in agriculture. "The necessity of keeping a large primary power plant available to take care of the occasional peak loads that occur
» Kinsman, C. D., An appraisal of power used on farms: TJ. 8. Dept. Agr. Bull. 1438, p. 4, 1925. Based on 1919 census.
* Murray, W. 8., and others, A superpower system for the region between Boston and Washington: TJ. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 123, Table 48, following p. 141,1921. Based on 1919 census. The region considered is large enough to be representative of the entire country.
80 The first is Kinsman's estimate. The other two are based on the superpower report, in which it was *mpossible to combine the two groups.
38 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
in most types of farming results in an average load factor of only about 4 per cent." 31 Power equipment on farms is idle most of the time. This disadvantage is of course inherent in the nature of the work to be performed on farms.
In the field of electric central stations the use factor is much higher. In 1922 it was 30.9 per cent, while that of electric railroads was 24.0 per cent.32 Central-station power is called upon by its consumers, industrial or general public, more frequently and more steadily. This more even demand and the diversity of the activities supplied by central stations explain why prime movers of this activity have relatively high use factors.
Only one estimate is available regarding the use factor of railroad equipment.33 The figure, 6.8 per cent, is much lower than that given for electric railroads. -This low use factor is due to the intermittent use of steam locomotives and to the necessity for frequent inspections and repairs.
Another item of "heavy" transportation, however, was found to be much more frequently used. In general, it may be said that ships are engaged in productive work about 50 per cent of the time.34 This is a general average: many types of vessels have a use factor as high as 70 per cent, and others may be employed only 30 per cent of the tune. Much depends on the type of vessel, the rates of charter ing, the ports of destination, and a number of other elements.
The use factor of automobiles is said to be about 3 per cent.35 This low use factor should be kept in mind in comparing the total horsepower of automobiles with the total horsepower of pmne movers in other activities. The accuracy of the estimate is questionable, but it is certain that pleasure automobiles are used but a very small fraction of the time throughout a year, and 3 per cent is probably very close to the true figure, especially as the actual or brake horsepower is used as the capacity of automobile engines. (See p. 75.) Trucks engaged in productive carriage doubtless have a much higher use factor.
This general concept of the use factor should be taken into account in any presentation of the results and benefits of increased power installation. Low,36 after pointing out that every inhabitant in this country has at present at his command the equivalent in power of
" Kinsman, O. D., op. cit., p. 43. Other data given in this study show the use factor also to be about 4 per cent.
»» Census of electrical industries, 1922, pp. 8, 66.» Kinsman, O. D., op. cit., p. 4.M This ratio was obtained by writing to all the important passenger lines and to the research bureau of
the United States Shipping Board.M The National Automobile Chamber of Commerce has made an effort to get annual mileage figures for
automobiles. As a whole the replies have averaged about 6,000 miles. Truck mileage may be double this- But the returns are not large enough to serve as the basis for a nation-wide estimate. The use factor could of course be obtained by dividing 6,000 by a possible yearly mileage, but it is out of the question to think of obtaining the factor by the same method which is applied in other fields.
» Low, F. R., Mechanical Engineering, January, 1925, p. 2.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 39
nearly 150 slaves, says: "That is what we could have if we had to, with the power-producing machinery already at our service; but it is not running all the time or at full load when it does run. Mills run only 40-odd hours a week; the load factor of most central stations is less than 40 per cent. * * * It is impossible, therefore, to tell how hard our mechanical slaves are working or how many horse power-hours of actual service are actually produced by them per year."
It is important to note also that over a period of years the capacity factor for a certain field or for a certain industry may change that is, the installed equipment may be used to a greater or less extent. It is entirely possible for capacity to increase and for actual use to decrease at the same time. This is an element worthy of considera tion when an index of power equipment is compared with an index of volume of production. If the former outstrips the latter the reason may be partly that the use factor has decreased over the period. In almost all manufacturing industries some of the equipment in cluded in the census is used only during times of exceptional business activity. For example, there are many blast furnaces of antiquated type in the country, which were used only during the recent war. Similarly there are many cotton spindles and flour-milling machines which have been idle for some time; but the engines which drive them have been included in the census. Mere horsepower capacity in itself, then, falls short of presenting a complete picture of the actual conditions in any field and at any one time.
The purpose of this study is primarily to set forth the trends manifested in horsepower equipment, but in conclusion it may not be out of place to suggest a number of ways in which the power index may be employed. They may be enumerated as follows:
1. As a measure of general industrial growth.2. As a measure of capital accumulation.3. As a measure of mechanical development, by comparing the index of power
equipment with indices or measures of (a) the supply of labor (or number of wage earners); (6) the volume of production; (c) the volume of production per wage earner; (d) the area of agricultural land in use; (e) the amount of wages per wage earner; (/) the capital invested per wage earner.
4. As a means of comparing these items for the United .States as a whole with those for other countries and with those for individual States or districts of this country.
Three of these uses have been developed in the preceding pages. Frequent reference has been made to the one which heads the list. The same is true for the second one, if "capital" is taken to mean instruments of production, particularly machinery. It is recognized, of course, that the power index tells nothing about the degree of intricacy or the value of the machines and their products. For example, a dentist's machine uses much less power in relation to the
40 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
value of the machine than a textile-weaving machine. The growth in power equipment has also been compared with the growth in population and in number of wage earners and found to have ad vanced much more rapidly in other words, the amount of horse power per wage earner has shown a steady and decided rise since 1849.
The increase in equipment may also be compared with the increase in volume of production. This is perhaps the chief use of the power index and certainly its chief claim to interest hi the minds of con temporary business men and economists. The articles already cited and quoted are indicative of the present concern over this subject. In addition, the National Industrial Conference Board, which has made an extensive survey of power in manufactures, has released several press notices in which it stresses the increased productivity of labor and offers as the cause thereof the rapid growth of horsepower equipment. If the volume of output has grown faster than the numjber of wage earners, the inference safely follows that production per wage earner has increased throughout the period. And if, at the same time, the amount of power equipment has increased, it may be assumed that this item, so closely associated with human labor in production, has been at least partly responsible for the increase in output. A still better way of getting at this correlation is to compare directly the growth hi power per wage earner with growth in volume of production per wage earner, as suggested on page 39. If both have increased together, it is safe to assume that a correlation exists that the growth in power is to be largely credited with the growth in production.
It is realized that other elements may also enter into the matter of increased output. The wider employment of approved management methods, the campaign against waste, improved organization, and better industrial relations have all undoubtedly helped to effect the general result. But these elements were used in conjunction with more and better mechanical equipment.
The use of the power index in this connection is so significant that space may well be taken in illustrating it. Table 21 presents a summary of special items for comparison. These items have been selected because index numbers of volume of production are available for them. W. W. Stewart 37 has presented indices of production for "manufactures," "materials," "transportation," "mines and quar ries," "agriculture," and the sum of these five from 1889 to 1919. The index numbers of "manufactures" are based upon 50 commodities. Those for "materials" are based upon 39 of the products of mines and agriculture. The indices of "transportation" are derived from a con sideration of two factors on steam railroads ton-miles of freight and passenger-miles. The "materials" group is subdivided into "mines
* Am. Econ. Review, March, 1920, p. 57.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 41
and quarries " and " agriculture." Finally the sum of "manufactures," "materials," and "transportation" is expressed in the item "all com modities," made up of the total of 91 products. The index numbers do not merely represent production for the years indicated. They are five-year averages, thus giving consideration to the two years before and the two years after 1889, 1899, and 1909. It was impossible to take more than a three-year average for 1919, as Stewart's figures ended with that year.
The index numbers follow this classification in Table 21, which shows amount of equipment, number of wage earners, and volume of production and also makes the more direct comparison between horsepower per wage earner and production per wage earner. Figure 34 pictures the relative rates of growth graphically.
The table shows that in almost every group, from 1889 to 1919, horsepower equipment registered the fastest growth. Volume of production is next, and number of wage earners third. This record points clearly to only one conclusion volume of production per wage earner has grown steadily, accompanied by an even greater increase in power. The fact that in all items except "mines and quarries" power has grown much faster than volume of production, however, might seem to indicate a condition of diminishing returns that is, volume of production has increased with the growth of power, but not in as great a proportion. Plausible as this inference seems the fact'must not be forgotten that the power index merely shows capacity, not actual use. It might be that a decrease in rapidity of growth of actual use of power would be shown if it were possible to ascertain the figures. It is possible even that in certain items use of power might be outstripped by volume of production.
The indices showing volume of production per wage earner are obtained by dividing the indices of volume of production by the indices of number of wage earners. They show even more plainly the continuous increase in the productivity of labor. But when compared with installed horsepower per wage earner the volume of production per wage earner is seen to have risen less rapidly, especially since 1899. Before that year productivity led in none of the items except "manufactures" and "mines and quarries." Once more the fact that only capacity of prime movers is being considered precludes any conclusions concerning diminishing returns, but it seems fairly evident that increasing returns may have existed before 1899 in all but the two items noted. After that year only two of the indices, both for "mines and quarries," show a similar state of affairs; in 1909 the index of productivity exceeds the index of power by 14 per cent and in 1919 by 11 per cent. This increase may show the influence of the new cutting machinery in mines.
p.^j *("' p^O?rBTtto rtmtved frwi tte official fifes, WUYATE
tt WtUWFUL (K. S. Su», Vc!. 2, (*- 3 9, « ?4W
42 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
There seems, then, to be a marked correlation between productivity and power. This relation may be determined with a much greater degree of exactitude when more accurate and fuller information concerning power equipment and volume of production becomes available. One obvious weakness of index numbers of production extending backward a score or more of years is their failure to take into consideration the tremendous improvement in utility of the unit considered. It is plain that an automobile of 1909 or even of 1919 is not the equal in utility of an automobile of 1923, and similar compari sons may be made with reference to the units of other commodities. This means that the increase in productivity portrayed in Table 21 falls short of measuring the actual increase in total utility of the im mense volume of goods that is poured forth year after year. The curve of total utility would rise even more sharply.
The power index also admits of comparison with an index showing the increase in amount of improved farm land. This comparison would emphasize the growth of the United States as a manufacturing country and bring out the relative retrogression of agriculture. It is made in Table 22. From 1849 to 1919 the acreage of improved land increased only four and one-half times, while the power capacity increased more than seventeen times.
A basis is thus furnished for a little excursion into the field of eco nomic theory. Those who embrace the classical theory of marginal productivity will see in the development of horsepower equipment the growth of instrumental capital at, a pace much more rapid than that shown by labor and by land. They will find, then, that the marginal productivity of labor and land has increased relatively to that of capital, with resultant high wages per man and high rents to the landowner. Furthermore, the absolute amount of instrumental capital is so great that it takes a large absolute share of the product of industry.
Two other interesting uses of the power index for comparison are thus suggested. It may be compared with the growth in amount of wages per wage earner and with the amount of capital invested per wage earner.
The most inviting use to which the index of horsepower equipment in the United States could be put seems to be a comparison with indices based on similar studies made in other countries, such as Germany, France, and England. Europe is immensely interested in and perhaps apprehensive of the unprecedented prosperity of this country. It would be extremely interesting to see if the greater volume of production and higher wages in the United States coincide with a correspondingly greater amount and growth of horsepower equipment than can be found in the Old World.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWEE EQUIPMENT 43
BIBUEOGBAPHY
TECHNICAL
GENERAL PAPERS
Bishop, G. L., History of American manufactures from 1608 to 1860. Phila delphia, Young, 1861, 1864.
Clark, V. S., History of manufactures in the United States, 1607 to I860. Car negie Inst. WashingtonJPub. 215 b, 1916.
Kaempffert, Waldemar, A popular history-of invention. New York, Scribner's, 1924.
Kennedy, Rankin, Modern engines and power generators. New York, Van Nostrand, 1904.
Lauer, C. N., Engineering in American industry. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1924.Lucke, C. E., Power. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 1911.Morse, F. L., Power, its application from the seventeenth to the twentieth cen
tury. Ithaca, Morse Chain Co., 1923.Tryon, R. M., Household manufactures in the United States. Univ. Chicago
Press, 1917.First World Power Conference Trans., 4 vols. London, Lund Humphries, 1924.
STEAM POWER
Benjamin, C. H., The steam engine. Brattleboro, Vt., 1909.Croft, Terrel, Steam boilers. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1921.Neilson, R. M., The steam turbine. London, Longmans, 1902.Peabody, C. H., Thermodynamics of the s'eam turbine. New York, John Wiley
& Sons, 1911- Powles, H. H. P., Steam boilers, their history and development. Philadelphia,
J. B. Lippincott, 1905.Shealy, E. M., Steam engines. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1921. Stretton, C. E., The locomotive engine and its development. New York, Van
Nostrand, 1910. Thurston, Robert, The history of the growth of the steam engine. New York,
Aptleton, 1$Z8.
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION POWER
Hirshfield, C. F., and iflbrecht, T. C., Gas power. New York, John Wiley &Sons, 1913.
Hogte, W. H., Internal-combustion engines. New York, McGraw, 1909. Gunge, F. E., Gas power. New York, Hill, 190*.,
Greene, A, M., Pumping machinery. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 19. II. Mead, D. W., Water-power engineering. New York, McGraw, 1908.
ELECTRICITY
Bell, Louis, Electric power transmission. New York Elec. World and Engineer, 1899.
Crocker, F. B., and Arendt, Morton, Electric motors. New York, Van Nos trand, 1914.
Sheldon, Samuel, Dynamo electric machinery. New York, Van Nostrand, 1910.
44 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
STATISTICAL
MANUFACTURES
Bishop, G. L., History of American manufactures from 1608 to 1860. Philadelphia, Young, 1861-1864.
Censuses, 1850-1923.Clark, V. S., History of manufactures in the United States. Carnegie Inst.
Washington Pub. 215 b, 1916.National Industrial Conference Board, A graphic analysis of the census of manu
factures, 1923.MINES AND QT7AKRIES
Censuses, 1850-1923.
AGRICULTURE AND WORK ANIMALS NOT ON FARMS
Censuses, 1850-1923.Kinsman, C. D., An appraisal of power used on farms in the United States. U. S.
Dept. Agr. Bull. 1438, 1925.
IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE Censuses, 1910 and 1920.
ELECTRIC CENTRAL STATIONS AND ELECTRIC RAILROADS
Censuses, 1902-1922.Baum, F. G., Atlas of U. S. A. power industry. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1923.Electrical World, Annual progress and statistical issue, Jan. 2, 1926.
STEAM RAILROADS
Interstate Commerce Commission, statistical reports, 1888-1924. Poor's Manual of Railroads.
SHIPS
Commissioner of Navigation, Annual statistical reports, 1880-1924, and Merchantmarine statistics, 1924.
AUTOMOBILES Facts and figures of the automobile industry, National Automobile Chamber of
Commerce, 1923-1926. Motor, issues of January 1, 1905-1924.
GENERALEngel, Ernst, Zeitalter des Dampfes. Berlin, 1880.Fairgreve, James, Geography and world power. Univ. London, 1921.Gilbert, C. G., and Pogue, J. E., America's power resources. New York, Century
Co., 1921. 'Polakov, W. N., Mastering power production. New York, Engineering Magazine
Co., 1921.Mulhall, M. G., Dictionary of statistics. London, G. Routledge & Sons, 1892.Murray, W. S., Superpower, its genesis and future. New York, McGraw-Hill,
1925.Associated Industries of Massachusetts, report of its power investigating com
mittee, Boston, April, 1924.
ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS
De Baufre, W. L., Mechanical power. Science, vol. 62, Oct. 30, 1925.Ely, S. B., and Rittman, W. V., Prosperity and power. Sci. Monthly, June, 1925.Gompers, Samuel, Power and labor. Survey, Mar. l t 1924.Hart, J. K., Power and culture. Survey, Mar. 1, 1924.Hoover, Herbert, The Nation's Business, June 5, 1926.'Low, Fred, Mechanical Engineering, January, 1925.Smith, G. O., How will man's work be done? Collier's, Mar. 14, 1925.You have thirty slaves. Independent, June 21, 1919.
DEVELOPMENT OF HOESEPOWEE EQUIPEMNT 45
TABLES
TABLE 1. Total horsepower of prime movers a in the United States, 1849-1988
Total
Year
1849 1859 1869 1879 1889 1899 1909 1919 1923
Horsepower
'10,066,000 M5, 793, 000
19,147,000 28,820,000 47,697,000 64,193,000
120,331,000 396,118,000 684,044,000
Index'No.(1899=
100)
16 25 30 45 74
100 187 617
1066
Exclusive of pleasure automobiles
1899190919191923
64,161,000112,873,000176,650,000230,514,000
100176275359
* Work animals are considered to be prime movers and therefore are included in the totals in this table :and in columns "Agriculture" and "Work animals not on farms" of Table 2.
* Data for first two decades very incomplete and almost wholly estimated.
TABLE 2. Horsepower of prime movers installed in different activities, 1849-1988*Horsepower (thousands)
Year
1849-..-...1859........1869...- .1879.... ....1889..- ..1899.... ....1909.-.-....1919.-- ..1923. .......
Manufac
tures b
1,1001,6002,3463,4115,8509,778
16,80320,06319,728
Mines
quar-'ries «
50150350650
1,3002,7544,4035,1125,000
Agri-
ture d
6,5979,6559,588
13,76419,83523,51930,80739, 22238,100
Irriga tion
drain age
533
120361816
1,300
Elec tricsta
tions /
1201,2005,225
15, 25022,000
Elec tricrail
roads »
140935
3,0914,3604,100
Steam
roads*
4351,9404,1007,720
16,30020,10045,40072,30074,600
Ships*
7341,1421,0761,1101,4441,9003,1226, £84
10,262
Auto-
biles'
327,714
230,432507,254
Workanimalsnot on farms *
1,1501,3061,6872,1602,6753,0553,4051,9791,700
Total
10,06615,79319,14728,82047,69764,193
120,331396,118684,044
Horsepower, exclusive of pleasure automobiles (thousands)
1899........1909........1919.... ....1923. .......
9,77)816,80320,0631Q 798
2,7544,4035,1125,000
23,51930,807QQ oo'o
38,100
120
8161,300
1,2005,225
15, 2#)
9353,0914,3604,100
20,90045,40072,30074, 00
1,9003,1226,584
10,262
0256
1A CiRA
53,724
3,0563,4051 0701,700
64,161112,873176,650230,514
° No duplication in this table.b Data for all years except 1849 and 1859 from census reports; estimated for these years on basis of number
of wage earners and by extrapolation. Data from census reports, except for 1849, 1859, 1869, 1879, and 1889; estimated for these years from
scattered census sources. Data from study of C. D. Kinsman, agricultural engineer (An appraisal of power on farms in the United
.States: U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 1348,1925). Includes work animals. Data from census reports, except for 1879,1889, and 1899; estimated for these years on basis of acreage./ Special census reports give data for 1902,1907,1912,1917, and 1922. Data for 1889 and 1899 estimated on
basis of historical facts in these reports and carried back by extrapolation. Data for 1909 and 1919 estimated from neighboring years by interpolation, for 1923 by extrapolation.
Same sources and methods as for electric central stations.» Estimated from 1899 to 1923 on basis of pounds of tractive force reported by Interstate Commerce Com-
mission. For previous years, estimated on basis of track mileage. See Table 29. ' Estimated from tonnage of vessels. See Table 30.' Estimated from registration figures to which horsepower figures were applied. See Table 33. From Kinsman's figures.
46 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 2. Horsepower of prime movers installed in different activities, 1849-1923 Continued
Percentage of each year's total
JL ottr
1849........1859- ......1869........1879 .1889.. ......1RQQ1909 1919 1923--
Manu-
tures
10.9010.1212.2411.8212.2415.2313.985.052.89
Mines stifl
Quar ries
0.50.94
1.832.262.734.283.661.29.73
Agri-
ture
65.5261.1850.0347.7741.6036.6325.629.905.57
Irriga tion
drain age
0.02.07
19.30.21.19
Elec tricsta
tions
0.251.874.333.853.22
Elec tricrail
roads
0.291 4fi
2.571.10.60
Steamrail
roads
4.3012.2621.3726.8134.1332.5737.7318.2510.91
Ships
7.307.245.723.863.032 Oft
2.591.661.50
Auto-
biles
0.056.41
58.2074.14
Work animalsnot on farms
11.488.268.817.465.604.762.83.49.25
Total
100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00100.00
Percentage, exclusive of pleasure automobiles
1899 1909 1919 1923
15.2414.8911.328.57
4.293.902.882.17
36.6627.2922.2316.51
0 1Q
.324fi
.57
1.874.638.639.55
1.462.732 4.7
1.78
32.5740.2240.9232.34
2.962.773.764.46
0.23
6.2123.31
4.763.021.12.74
100.00100.00100.00100.00
Index numbers (1899=100)
1849 - 1859..... 1869. 1879 1889 1899 1909-- 1919.. .1923-... _
1116243660100172205202
25
132447100ieo186182
2841415984100131167162
428100301680
1,083
10100435
1,2711,832
15100330466438
29203778inn217346357
3960575876100164347540
10024,106
720,1001,585,169
38435571881001116556
1625304574100187617
1,065
Index numbers, exclusive of pleasure automobiles
1899 1909 _ 1919 1923-
1004,283
20,986
100176275359
DEVELOPMENT OF HOBSEPOWEB EQUIPMENT
TABLE 3. Horsepower utilized in each field of activity, 1849-19&S {
Horsepower (thousands)
47
Year
1849...1859...1869...1879...1889...1899...1909...1919 1923
Manu fac
tures
1,1001,6002,3463,4115,939
10,09818,67529,50533,094
Mines and
quar ries
50150350650
1,3002,8684,6086,7247,500
Agri cul ture
6,5979,6559,588
13,76419,83523,51931, 10743,72247,420
Irriga tion and
drain-
533
120361816
1,300
Elec tric
centralsta-
1201,2005,225
15,25022,000
Elec tric rail roads
1401,0793,7186,3276,784
Steam rail
roads
4351,9404,1007,720
16,30020,90045,40072,30074,600
Ships
7341,1421,0761,1101,4441,9003,1226,584
10,262
Automo biles
327,714
230,432507,254
Work ani mals not on
farms
1,1501,3061,6872,1602,6753,0553,4051,9791,700
Total
10,06615,79319, 14728,82047,78664,771
123,335-413,639711,914
Totalexclu sive of pleas ure
automobiles
10,06515,79519, 14728,82047,78664,739
116,877194, 171258,384
Index numbers (1899=100)
1849...1859 _1869...1879...1889...1899...1909 1919 1923
1116233459100185292328
25122345100161234262
2841415984100132186202
427100301680
1,083
10100435
1,2711,832
13100345586629
29
203778100217346357
3960575876
100164347540
10024,100720,100
1,585,168
38435571881001116556
1624304474
100190639
1,099
1624304474100181300399
« Horsepower purchased or rented is counted in the field of activity using it and also where it is installed. Autotrucks are included under both "Agriculture" and "Automobiles." There is therefore some dupli cation in th9lflgures in this table. The amount of duplication is indijS*fc&l by the difference between the fljures for the corresponding activities in Tables 2 and 3. For sourcas of data see Table 2.
61750 28 4
TABL
E 4
. H
orse
pow
er o
j pr
ime
mov
ers,
184
9-19
8$,
by t
ypes
«
prim
e m
over
s
Tot
al
Yea
r
1849
...
....
....
....
. .....
18
89
...... ..
..... .
..... .
....... .........
1869.. .
....
....
....
....
..... .
........
1879
....
....
....
....
....
................
18
89
....... ..........................
1899 ....... .
1909
....
....
....
....
....
................
19
19.... ..
............
T ..
....
1923 ..... .
A.
Hor
sepo
wer
(th
ousa
nds)
'
Stea
m
engi
nes
and
turb
ines
« 1, 2
28«3
,263
« 6,
215
« 11
, 636
"24,
281
« 38
, 445
77
,055
11
6, 3
80
125,
773
Inte
r-
nal-
co
m-
bust
ion
en
gine
s o 17
956
13, 1
70
247,
031
526,
322
Wat
er
whe
els
«662
"9
30
« 1,2
05
« 1,
353
« 1,
522
« 1,
860
4,02
2 7,
650
9,59
8
Win
d
mill
s
429
639
452
507
566
658
822
836
851
Wor
k an
i
mal
s *
7,74
7 10
,961
11
, 275
15
,324
21
,311
22
, 274
25
,262
24
,221
21
,500
Tot
al
10,0
66
15,7
93
19,1
47
28,8
20
47,6
97
64,1
93
120,
331
396,
118
68
4,04
4
B.
Perc
enta
ge o
f eac
h ye
ar's
tot
al
Stea
m
engi
nes
and
tur
bi
nes
12.1
9 20
.66
32.5
1 40
.38
50.8
9 59
.84
63.9
9 29
.43
18.3
3
Inte
r-
nal-
co
m-
bust
ion
engi
nes
0.03
1.
49
10.9
4 62
.32
77.0
0
Wat
er
whe
els
6.58
5.
88
6.21
4.
69
3.20
2.
90
3.34
1.
92
1.41
Win
d
mill
s
4.26
4.
05
2.36
1.
76
1.19
1.
02
.68
.21
.12
Wor
k an
i
mal
s
76.9
7 69
.41
58.9
2 53
.17
44.6
9 34
.75
21.0
5 6.
13
3.14
C.
Inde
x nu
mbe
rs (
1899
=100
)
Stea
m
engi
nes
and
tur
bi
nes 3 8 16
30
63
10
0 20
0 30
3 32
7
Inte
r-
nal-
co
m-
bust
ion
engi
nes 2
100
1,37
8 25
,840
55
, 055
Wat
er
whe
els
36
50
65
73
82
100
216
411
516
Win
d
mill
s 65
97
69
77
86
100
125
127
129
Wor
k an
imal
s 35
49
50
69
96
100
' 11
3 10
9 67
00
Exc
lusi
ve o
f ple
asur
e au
tom
obile
s
1899... ...
....
....
....
....
....
....
.1909 . ... -.-.... ...
....
..1919. _ ...
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.1923.. ...
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
"38,445
77,055
116,380
125,
773
924
5,71
227,563
72,7
92
"1,8
604,022
7,65
09,
598
658
822
836
851
22, 27
425,262
24,2
2121
,500
64,161
112, 873
176, 650
230,
514
59.8
768.26
66.0
054
.57
1.44
5.07
15.56
31.5
7
2.90
3.57
4.33
4.16
1.02 .73
.47
.37
34.7
722
.37
13.64
9.33
100
200
303
327
100
618
2,983
7,87
8
100
216
411
516
100
125
127
129
100
113
109 97
o E
stim
ated
or
calc
ulat
ed i
n pa
rt.
* Dat
a fu
rnis
hed
by C
. D.
Kin
sman
, U
. S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
.
Est
imat
ed.
DEVELOPMENT OF HOESEPOWEE EQUIPMENT 49
!!§§0<a
3
I
111s!§
38SSSG> i-i & & CO
8OOOcOOOi>OI t^OOrtCirH^lt»T((
gg^S
gggggssgg
& OOO OOicO
50 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
.3
1 o
OS g
H
It
Electric motors
S^
o?, §M 8 "
£a 2-0
111
-§| 82
*"" »23
Ifi&
^Hs
OOOOC4OO CJO'CJCJ J^j
"O1O
CitOOrHtO
3 §gf
n S
o
§
«
i
G
c^
C
g
i
i55
g09
Cs
CO CO CO
^^soe»e»
«I
OOQ
S
i-r^Tco1
"II
«!
igg-JO
;22ri
3
«
i
i-HrHCOCO
O * *
m
*mrHOOococo
cfe^co"
aJS I5£«
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT
a $
II f
ss SSfeSSS
*OQOOSCO»-l*
C> " " f* r4 »
m
51
11
« §2^
la
uQ D!» A C
|o"a®
63
181
52 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 6. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1928, by special groups
Horsepower (thousands)
Year
1849..... .............1859. ..........1869 ..................1879......... .........1889 ..................1899 ..................1909....... ...........1919 . ..1923 .
"Manu fac
tures"*
1,1001,6002,3463,4115,970
10,72020.89430,24334,344
"Mate rials" »
6,6479,805Q QQR
14 419
2M6826,50736,07651,26256,220
"Trans porta tion"
O Q1O
4,388
10,99020,55926,96663,359
' 317,622600,600
"Manufactures"
and "materials"
7,74711,40519 984.
17,83027,13837,22756,97081,60590 564
"Transporta
tion" ex clusive
of pleasure automobiles
2,3194,3886,863
10,99020,55926,93455,936
100,202148, 612
"Heavy transpor tation" *
1,1693,0825,1768,830
17,88423,87952,24085,21191,646
!
"Light transpor-, tation" ;
1,1501,3061,6872,160:2,6753,087:
11, 119232,411508,954
"Electric motors"'
2,57511,87827,83934,922
Index numbers (1899=100)
1849 1859 _ . ..... .1869 ..................1879 ...............1889 ...........1899 __ . ............1909..................1919 __ . .........1923
1015223256100195282320
oe
3707
5480100136
212
Q16OK
4176100235
1 17fto 007
213100
4873100153219*MQ
916254178100208372552
513223775100219357384
37.42557087100360
7,52916,487.
100461
1,0811,356
» Includes prime movers installed in manufactures and electric central stations minus the estimated prime movers of central stations utilized in mines and quarries, agriculture, and electric railroads. (See Tables 2. 3, and 5.)
6 Includes prime movers utilized in mines and quarries, agriculture, and irrigation and drainage. (See Table 3.)
< Includes prime movers utilized in electric railroads, steam railroads, ships, automobiles,, and work animals not on farms. (See Table 3.) .
* Includes prime movers utilized in electric railroads, steam railroads, and ships. (See Table 3.) Includes horsepower of automobiles and work animals not on farms. (See Table 3.) ;' Includes prime movers installed in central stations, electric railroads, and electric motors; driven by
the prime movers in manufactures and mines and quarries. (See Tables 2, 23, and 24.) No information available for mines and quarries in 1923.
DEVELOPMENT OF HOESEPOWER EQUIPMENT
§ u ^
c^a CN ' "
§«3 r* "^ *^~
-3 -SJ
I
11
ifD1
op co o> co t-« CO-3l CO OO i-l DO
J CO b- i-l O CO 00
OI-IIQ J»OOSOO T T T
-co »oo5 Qi-HCMNCO
BO> ACnO» C
tf3 i-H-«l qt O> O iO C CO CO i-l rH O> O >O S
i l»-Hi ltHtH»Hv-4^HT
3 S§ 1° I"
1.
gi 5®'
TAB
LE 8
. H
orse
pow
er o
f pr
ime
mov
ers
inst
alle
d pe
r in
habi
tant
and
per
wag
e ea
rner
and
uti
lise
d pe
r,w
age
earn
er i
n d
iffe
rent
act
iviti
es a
ndgr
oups
, 18
49-1
923
«
Hor
sepo
wer
Yea
r
18
49..
....
....
....
....
18
59..................
18
69..................
18
79..................
1889
___
....
....
....
1899
_ . _
....
....
...
1909.... _
....
....
...
19
19..
....
....
....
....
1923
Inst
alle
d 6 p
er r
Inha
bi
tant 0.
43
.50
.50
.68
.76
.85
1.31
3.
75
6.21
Wag
e ea
rner 1.44
1.
50
1.53
1.
66
2.05
2.
21
3.16
9.
52
15.7
0
Inha
bi
tant
, ex
cl
usiv
e of
pl
easu
re
auto
mo
bi
les
0.43
.5
0 .5
0 .5
8 .7
6 .8
5 1.
23
1.67
2.
10
Wag
e ea
rner
, ex
clus
ive
of
plea
sure
au
tom
o
bile
s
1.44
1.
50
1.53
1.
66
2.05
2.
21
2.96
4.
25
5.31
Uti
lize
d
per
wag
e ea
rner
in
Man
u
fact
ures
0.92
1.
07
1.14
1.
25
1.40
1.
90
2.82
3.
26
3.76
Min
es
and
qu
arri
es
0.61
.9
5 2.
11
2.61
3.
36
4.63
4.
77
6.17
6.
52
Agr
icul
tu
re 1.32
1.
72
1.63
1.
80
2.32
2.
29
2.52
4.
10
4.74
Ele
ctri
c ce
ntra
l st
atio
ns
24.0
48
.0
95.0
12
7.5
157.
0
Ele
ctri
c ra
ilroa
ds
1.97
8.
18
14.8
7 21
.40
22.2
5
Stea
m
railr
oads 2.4
7.8
10.2
14
.0
21.8
22
.5
30.2
37
.8
40.3
Shi
ps 7.0
11.2
12
.1
12.5
18
.8
24.3
25
.8
38.1
51
.3
" M
anu
fa
ctur
es"
0.92
1.
07
1.14
1.
25
1.40
2.
02
3.13
3.
32
3.85
"Mat
e
rial
s" 1.31
1.
70
1.65
1.
82
2.39
2.
44
2.70
4.
37
5.05
"Hea
vy
tr
ansp
or
tati
on"
4.1
8.8
10.6
13
.8
19.9
21
.0
27.9
35
.8
37.4
"Man
u
fact
ures
an
d "m
ate
ri
als" 1.
23
1.58
1.
52
1.68
2.
08
2.30
2.
85
3.90
4.
51
O
Inde
x nu
mbe
rs (
1899
=100
)
1849..................
1859..
................
1869..................
1879
___ ..
. _ . _ ..
.1889..................
1899
............... _
1909.... ..
....
_ ..
...
1919..................
1923..; ______ ..
..
51 59 59 68 89 100
154
441
' 73
1
65 68 69 75 93 100
143
431
710
51 59 59 68 89 100
145
196
247
65 68 69 75 93 100
134
192
240
48 56 60 66 74 100
148
172
19S
13 21 46 56 73 100
103
133
141
58 75 71 79 101
100
110
179
207
50 100
198
266
327
24'
100
182
262
272
11 35 45 62 97 100
134
168
179
29 46 50 51 77 100
106
157
211
46 53 56 62 69 100
155
164
190
54 70 68 75 98 100
111
179
207
20 42 50 66 95 100
133
170
178
53 69 66 73 90 100
124
170
IQfi
Se
e T
able
7 fo
r sou
rces
of i
nfor
mat
ion.
» Se
e T
able
1 f
or to
tal h
orse
pow
er o
f pri
me
mov
ers.
* See
Tab
les
3 an
d 6
for h
orse
pow
er o
f pri
me
mov
ers
utili
zed
in th
e di
ffer
ent a
ctiv
ities
and
gro
ups.
TABL
E 9
. To
tal
hors
epow
er,
in t
hous
ands
, of
pri
me
mov
ers,
" 18
69-1
928,
by
Stat
es a
nd g
eogr
aphi
c di
visi
ons
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es ..
.....
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c....
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
......
.
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
.. .....
Pacif
ic..
....
..
.. _
.
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
..... ..
. .......
Indi
ana
.. _
. ......
Illin
ois.
__ _
_
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Neb
rask
a .............
Kan
sas _
..
.
1869
Ban
k 6 2 1 5 3 4 8 9 7 18
21.
20
17
33
26 1 24 3 4 5 2 12
13 28 6 7 36
30
Hor
se
pow
er
11,9
34
1,12
8 2,
232
3,32
5 1,
316
1,74
2 1,
335
390 47
419
234
202
204
270 61
157
1,11
8 16
5 94
9
903
618
1,07
6 36
6 36
2
135
519
516 32
11
4
1879
Ran
k 6 3 1 2 4 5 7 9 8 23
29
24
17
34
28 1 30 3 4
. 7 2 10
11 18 5 6 46
38
21
12
Hor
se
pow
er
17, 1
75
1,37
5 2,
665
4,46
8 3,
179
2,03
1 1,
641
981
137
698
265
198
228
404 79
20
1
1,30
8 19
8 1,
159
1,14
2 75
7 1,
459
564
646
398
1,03
2 89
3 1 42
270
543
1889
Ran
k
....
... 6 3 2 1 4 5 7 9 8 24
35
33
16
38
31 1 29 2' 4 9 3 10
13 15 5 7 32
23
11 6
Hor
se
pow
er
27,1
29
1,94
1 4,
204
6,01
5 6,
328
2,89
0 2,
317
1,81
6 34
6 1,
272
371
217
259
684
137
273
2,08
0 31
3 1,
811
1,53
5 1,
026
1,76
9 93
5 75
0
730
1,47
3 1,
271
262
403
877
1,31
2
1899
Ran
k 6 3 1 2 4 5 7 9 8 31
36
38
17
41
34 2 27 1 3 10 4 7 14 9 5 6 26
23
12 8
Hor
se
pow
er
40,0
86
2,46
1 7,
083
8,83
5 8,
756
4,23
0 3,
111
2,96
2 86
7 1,
781
453
299
268
909
160
372
2,85
8 54
6 3,
679
2,45
7 1,
401
2,38
5 1,
544
1,04
8
1,41
0 1,
847
1,67
2 55
2 65
3 1,
110
1,51
2
1909
Ran
k
....
... 7 3 1 2 4 6 5 9 8 31
39
38
13
41
35 2 26 1 3 12 4 9 15 11
10 6 16
22
14 5
Hor
se
pow
er
63,8
12
4,08
7 11
,933
13
,306
12
,820
6,
207
4,31
6 5,
138
2,12
6 3,
879
779
331
346
1,74
7 29
6 58
8
4,94
5 94
9 6,
039
4,00
6 1,
961
3,64
7 2,
163
1,52
9
2,04
9 2,
150
2,26
3 1,
351
1,05
9 1,
669
2,27
9
1919
Ran
k 7 3 1 2 4 8 6 9 5 36
42
45 9 39
26 1 16 2 3 13 4 8 14 12 6 10
21
22
15
11
Hor
se
pow
er
321,
839
21,8
38
55,5
23
72,4
31
61,5
60
29,9
24
14, 3
52
24,2
41
13,8
37
28,1
33
2,56
0 1,
315
1,12
1 10
,681
1,
921
4,19
0
25, 1
02
7,33
5 23
,086
21, 6
51
9,57
8 19
, 352
12
, 456
9,
394
9,66
4 13
,821
10
,265
4,
491
4,46
5 8,
686
10,1
68
1923
Ran
k
....
... 7 2 1 3 5 8 6 9 4 36
42
44
10
39
28 1 14 2 4 9 5 6 13 12 8 11
33
30
17
15
Hor
se
pow
er
607,
745
38, 1
95
111,
988
14
6, 9
40
98,2
74
55,2
56
25,0
26
50,6
87
21,4
86
59,8
93
4,55
8 2,
475
2,18
1 19
, 370
3,
131
6,48
0
51,0
15
16,1
23
44,8
50
42,3
15
21,5
80
37,8
84
27, 5
10
17, 6
51
17,9
95
22, 1
35
19,0
94
5,64
4 5,
860
11,8
68
15, 6
78
Excl
usiv
e of
ple
asur
e au
to
mob
iles
1919
Ran
k
_ _
_. 7 2 1 3 4 8 5 9 6 37
42
43
10
40
32 1 21 2 3 13 4 7 15 8 11 9 18
26
14
12
Hor
se
pow
er
102,
371
6,42
2 20
,381
21
, 017
18
, 312
9,
677
5,98
6 8,
440
4,43
1 7,
705
910
402
381
3,06
1 63
0 1,
138
9,62
01,
775
8,98
6
6,55
9 3,
012
5,53
2 3,
514
2,40
0
3,21
4 3,
033
3,12
5 1,
999
1,42
5 2,
494
3,02
2
1923
Ran
k 7 2 1 3 4 8 5 9 6 36
42
44 8 39
23 1 10 2 3 9 4 7 15 12
13
11
22
28
16
14
Hor
se
pow
er
154,
215
11,0
65
33,4
10
34,6
00
23,8
09
14,2
40
6,76
5 12
, 815
6,
195
11,4
16
1,39
8 63
0 51
1 5,
530
1,01
1 1,
985
16, 9
35
4,52
5 11
, 950
10,8
85
5,30
0 9,
174
5,78
0 3,
361
4,47
5 4,
030
4,51
4 2,
057
1,75
7 3,
073
3,90
s
Man
ufac
ture
s an
d ag
ricu
lture
, 186
9-19
23; p
lus
min
es a
nd q
uarr
ies,
cen
tral
sta
tions
, ele
ctric
railr
oads
, 18
99-1
923;
plu
s ir
riga
tion
and
drai
nage
, 19
09-1
923;
plu
s au
tom
obile
s, 1
919*
- 19
23.
Stea
m ra
ilroa
ds a
nd w
ork
anim
als
not o
n fa
rms
not i
nclu
ded.
N
o du
plic
atio
n in
fig
ures
,
TABL
E 9
. To
tal
hors
epow
er,
in t
hous
ands
, of
pri
me
mov
ers,
1869
-192
8, b
y St
ates
and
geo
grap
hic
div
isio
ns
Con
tinue
d
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia-
V
irg
inia
.
Flo
rid
a
E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Texa
s ___ .
........
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
o.......... ..
.....
Uta
h......... .
....
....
Paci
fic:
1869
Ran
k 34
22
43 8 25
15
23
11
35 9 10
16
19 31
29 27 42
44 37
39 41
40 38
32
14
Hor
se
pow
er 47
176 2
464
161
302
168
380 42 448
385
279
223
104
131
155 2 1 21
11 3 9 13
66
340
1879
Ran
k 37
26
45
14
27
19
25
16
36 9 15
20
22 31
32 8 43
41
47
35
44
48
40
42 39
33
13
Hor
se
pow
er 42
215 3
468
215
360
218
462 48 580
465
330
266
195
135
651 15
16
1 59
11 1 19
15 32
124
542
1889
Ran
k 41
28
48
19
27
21
25
17
39 14
18
20
22 26
30
43 3 40
42
45
37
46
49
44
47 36
34
12
Hor
se
pow
er 50
315 17
60
7 31
9 51
4 34
9 63
5 84 749
608
544
416
336
278 40
1,
162 63
42
22
151 22
1 25
20 162
257
853
1899
Ran
k 45
32
49
19
22
21
30
16
40 15
18
20
24 28
25
29
11 39
42
44
37
47
46
43
48 33
35
13
Hor
se
pow
er 54
440 23
78
0 67
2 68
5 48
8 91
6 17
2
994
795
760
562
523
561
505
1,37
3
218
100 72
28
5 38
45
77
32 389
319
1,07
3
1909
Ran
k 48
33
49
21
25
27 40 18
23
20
29 32
28
17 7 37
42
46
36
45
44
43
47 24
34 8
Hor
se
pow
er 81
645 41
1,13
1 1,
016
937
782
1,25
5 31
9
1,28
8 1,
058
1,14
0 83
0
749
842
1,33
6 2,
211
525
277
137
562
141
171
221 92
1,05
0 63
5 2,
194
1919
Ran
k 48
28
43
23
33
20
30
18
38 25
27
31
34 37
35
19 7 32
40
46
24
47
44
41
49 17
29 5
Hor
se
pow
er 628
3,76
6 1,
230
4,42
8 3,
024
4,75
3 3,
508
6,39
0 2,
197
4,25
2 3,
841
3,46
5 2,
794
2,54
5 2,
698
5,46
0 13
,538
3,04
4 1,
841
900
4,26
8 76
5 1,
212
1,43
5 37
2
6,71
3 3,
595
17,8
25
1923
Ran
k 49
24
41
20
25
19
34
22
31 21
23
32
37 35
29 16 7 38
40
46
26
47
45
43
48 18
27 3
Hor
se
pow
er
1,23
0 7,
059
2,72
8 9,
274
6,76
4 9,
624
5,49
7 7,
369
5,71
1
7,89
7 7,
104
5,70
6 4,
319
4,89
5 6,
199
12, 5
15
27,0
78
3,83
1 2,
805
1,62
7 6,
720
1,35
5 2,
128
2,36
2 65
8
10,5
88
6,67
7 42
,628
Exc
lusi
ve o
f ple
asur
e au
to-
M
mob
iles
Q <4
1919
Ran
k 49
36
47
22
24
27
33
19
38 23
25
20
35 34
29 17 6 28
39
45
31
46
44
41
48 16
30 5
Hor
se
pow
er 161
1,00
4 20
3 1,
740
1,62
4 1,
373
1,12
1 1,
840
611
1,64
1 1,
496
1,80
1 1,
048
1,09
2 1,
222
2,15
9 3,
967
1,25
2 60
7 27
5 1,
146
232
381
440 98
2,33
3 1,
185
4,18
7
1923
g
Ran
k 47
29
45
18
30
24
32
21
37 27
26
25
38 35
20
19 6 31
40
46
34
48
41
43
49 17
33 5
Q
Hor
se-
j>
pow
er
hd
i>
384
J|
1, 7
12
^
444
b>
2,89
0 a
1,67
5 3
1,97
5 °
1,66
9 M
2,
240
w
1,36
1 Q
1,87
0 2
1,87
9 §
1,88
2 H
1,
134
M
1,42
8 Z
. 2,
267
2,77
5 H
6,
345
*
1,61
2 3
871
£
433
H
1,45
3 3
337
y68
3 61
2 02
19
4 H£
3,06
8 H3
1,
500
M
6,84
8 02
DEVELOPMENT OP HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 57
TABLB 10. Horsepower of prime' movers per square mile, 1928, by States andgeographic divisions °
Division and State
United States .
Middle Atlantic . ....
East South Central. . . . West South Central ....
Paciflc....... ..........
Massachusetts . . _
Middle Atlantic-
New Jersey. . ...
Ohio
Illinois...... .......
Minnesota. ....
South Dakota...... Nebraska...... __Kansas
Total
204.4
616.31, 120. 0
598.0192.4206.4139.5 118.0 25.0
188.3
152.5274.1239.0
2,409.5 2,934.41,344.4
1, 070. 52, 145. 71, 001. 4
1,038.7598.7676.0478.6319.4
222.6398.2277.880.476.2
154.6191.7
Manu fac
tures
11.1
67.096.337.03.4
11.78.1 3.0 .9
5.9
19.139.119.4
240.4 367.4150.8
68.5167.2113.9
81.2
35.325.616.8
5.75.18.0.2.2
1.73.1
Agri culture
12.8
8.920.197 1
26.311.814.1 11.8 2.96.4
6.3
13.913.3
26.1
1Q 7
19.720.5
34.6OK 0
37.017.918.6
19.8RQ 790 ft9ft O
17.4 25.329.5
Division and State
South Atlantic:
District of Colum-
West Virginia ......North Carolina- .... South Carolina- ....
Florida..... ........East South Central:
West South Central:
Louisiana ..........
Mountain:
Wyoming ..........
Arizona ............Utah _ . .
Pacific:
Total
710.1
45, 466. 7230.3281.6197.5 180.2 125.5104.1
196.5170.4111.393.4
93.2136.6180.3103.2
26.233.616.764.811.118.728.76.0
158.469.8
273.9
Manu fac
tures
60.1
533.310.715.514.5 13.47.72.6
6.39.4
12.53.8
3.18.92.22.1
1.3.9.2
1.7.1
1.11.7.3
8.93.46.1
Agri culture
21.7
17.614911.9 13.7 13.32.4
19.017.69.7
11.7
13.610.120.89.4
6.96.11.76.01.01.01.6.6
9.83.86.6
« Based on land area of the United States, horsepower as given in Table 9 for total, Table 11 for manu factures, and Table 14 for agriculture.
TABL
E 1
1.
Hor
sepo
wer
, in
tho
usan
ds,
of p
rim
e m
over
s ut
ilize
d by
man
ufac
ture
s, 1
869-
1928
, by
Sta
tes
and
geog
raph
ic d
ivis
ions
'1
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
. ..
.
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c
Paci
fic
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
.. . _
.
_.
. .
....
.__
....
.
Illinois
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Dfil
SrW
&T
B
-
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia , ,.
. .
Ran
k 3 1 2 5 4 6 7 9 8 9 10 14 3 16 8 2 12 1 4 6 7 5 11 26 17 13 31 33 32 22 41
1869 H
orse
po
wer
2,34
6
514
757
530
132
210
109 46 12 36 80 77 51 184 42 80 334 59 364
174
100 86 106 64 20 40 55 9 8 9 32 2
Ban
k 3 1 2 5 4 6 7 9 10 19
15 3 14 2 11 1 4 7 6 5 Q 18 19 13 42 43 35 29 32 21 40
L879 H
orse
po
wer
3,41
174
.R
1,06
780
822
029
315
3 58 18 51 inn
QQ 63 310
fU 1 1S
4>i4
100
K1Q 261
132
144
165
106 54 54 81 1 1 8 21 15 51 3
Ran
k i 4 6 9 7 11 1*» 17 3 14 10 2 1 4 7 5 6 g 15 99 12 42 4ft
37 29 36 23 39
L889 H
orse
po
wer
5,93
9i
\f\fi
1,93
51,
329
416
466
303
136 48 148
150
117
08
516
113
164
773
178
A
417
191
286
ncf
j
17ft
113
7ft
149 4 6 23 43 26 73 11
Ban
k 3 1 2 7 4 5 6 9 8 12 17 26 4O
K 13 2 7 1 3 8 5 6 g 18 15 45 41 36 33 37 24 42
L899 H
orse
po
wer
10,0
98
1,53
12,
834
2 30
4
1,03
067
766
412
527
8
OO
Q
199
603
132
231
1,00
4
1,49
5
805
907
514
398
OQ
A
189
121
210 8 12 44 71 41 138 10
Ran
k 3 1 5 4 6 7 9 10 19 33 4 26 11 2 7 3 6 5 8 9 18 34 15 47 44 39 29 40 27 45
1909 H
orse
po
wer
18, 6
75
5C
Q4
4,38
11,
101
1,83
21,
036
873
401
QA
O
460
9OJ.
1 C
Q
1,17
522
74ft
ft
2,02
061
29
Q
ft9
1,58
363
31,
013
598
554
298
1 5
5
340 13 18 64 213 53 218 17
Ban
k 3 1 6 4 7 9 5 15 t)A 35 4
97
19 2 7 1 3 8 5 6 9' 17 30 16 47 45 39 31 42 21 44
1919 H
orse
po
wer
29,5
05
3 79
78^
538
7,73
51
5QJ.
2,79
61,
416
1,18
668
61
75
7
547
349
185
1,73
032
166
5
2,93
71,
147
A
AK
A
2,89
71,
096
1,66
11,
202
879
474
243
477 18 22 126
234 85 407 33
o Ban
k 3 1 6 4 7 8 9 5 15 97 34 5 24 11 3 8 1 2 7 4 6 10 19 29 16 47 49 40 30 42 18 44
L923 H
orse
po
wer
33,0
94
4,15
19,
627
9 nan
1,71
43
1-14
.
1,46
21,
269
778
1O
C7
57A
Qf»
9
177
1 Q
89
O
*7O*
7
3,26
31,
257
5,10
7
3,30
81,
372
1 98
01,
472
930
460
283
553 17 16 129
256
112
498 32
Vir
gini
a _______________________
Wes
tVlr
gta
ia..;.
....... ..
............ . ....
Nor
th C
arol
ina.
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
_
Flo
rid
B..
....
....
....
.
....
....
....
....
...
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: A
rkan
sas.
; _______
______________
Tex
as..... .
..,.....__..... .
............ ..
....
.........
Mou
ntai
n:
New
Mex
ico.
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
_
Uta
h..
...!
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...
Paci
fic:
W
ashi
ngto
n _____ _
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
Ore
gon _
__
_ ..
.. _
__ _
__
_ _
_ ..
.. _
_ ..
15 23 21 28 19 35 18 20 27 30 34 24 29 39 42 40 43 36 37 38 33 25
50 27 33 15 38 4 40 38 19 12 8 25 13 2 2 1 3 3 3 8 25
16 24 23 28 22 36 17 20 27 30 31 34 26 44 41 45 37 46 47 38 48 39 33 25
57 38 45 26 51 7 55 52 28 18 16 11 31 1 2 1 6 1 1 5 1 4 14 33
20 27 24 28 18 38 21 19 16 32 31 35 26 43 44 45 33 46 47 41 30 34 25
82 55 73 46 84 16 82 84 102 35 38 30 68 3 2 2 33 2 1 5 43 32 73
From
cen
sus
of m
anuf
actu
res;
inc
lude
s ho
rsep
ower
of m
otor
s op
erat
ed b
y pu
rcha
sed
pow
er.
21 31 16 23 19 39 22 20 14 28 30 11
44 10 38 46 47 35 48 43 40 49 32 34 27
165
106
201
140
189 40 163
168
222
124
120
256 9
279 41 7 4 44 4 9 14 2 88 63 127
21 1
284
28
217
12 23 20 37 25 24 13 30 32 14
38 22 36 41 48 35 46 43 42 49 17 31 16
379
276
298 90 230
242
358
206
173
347 71 282 90 43 8
155 15 39 43 8
298
175
329
20 26 14 22 19 38 29 25 13 34 32 23
37 18 36 43 48 33 49 40 41 46 11 28 10
420
329
550
396
437
139
248
339
628
201
214
389
140
443
153 74 18 206 17 104 94 20 687
304
766
21 26 12 22 20 39 31 25 13 33 36 23
37 17 32 43 46 35 48 41 38 45 14 28r 9
431
372
703
468
138
252
391
641
O17
8 H
165
3403
f
153
O548
H
191
H72
224
Hi
176 17
O129
=!141 28
ffl O59
3 M
322
03972
3 * 3J SJ jO 9 S3
60 POWER CAPACITY AND PKODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 12. Percentage of total horsepower of prime movers utilized in manufac tures, J023, by types of prime movers 0
Division and State
United States 50.47
New England......__......... 42.80 jMiddle Atlantic..... 54.85 jEast North Central...__..................._....... 50.40West North Central................................ . 44.88South Atlantic_.______.....__._._. __ 46.90East South Central..._____..__._. . 60.65West South Central..............-.......... .... 66.12Mountain.._________.__.._________ - 45.93Pacific...... 39.77
New England:Maine.-. 28.55New Hampshire......'._ ..__ 41.03Vermont...____________._______ . 27.02Massachusetts._____________.... 47.96Rhode Island,... 47.84Connecticut_.________________.. 42.55
Middle Atlantic:New York... 38.10New Jersey..____________________ 62.35Pennsylvania._____________________- 63.63
East North Central:Ohio._______________.._________ 55.72Indiana.______________._____.___ 49.98Illinois....... ...... 47. 64Michigan.._...______.______ 45.70Wisconsin...__.____........___........ 45.37
West North Central:Minnesota.________________.... .. 45.05Iowa....__ ......__. .----.-...-. ..--- 44.22Missouri_____________________.__. 41.81North Dakota ._... 62.12South Dakota______________________ 35.50Nebraska.._._____________________ 41.45Kansas________________________ 52.86
South Atlantic:Delaware .____..__ 60.45Maryland________________________ 34.22District of Columbia. ___. _. _______.__ 35.65Virginia........... ............................. 53.35West Virginia ___._.....___........_.. 58.58North Carolina...._____....._..__...__ 34.90South Carolina._.______...____...__ 48.05Georgia.__....______...__._.....__ 51.03Florida.......... ... ... ..... 77.15
East South Central:Kentucky.______________________ 46.20Tennessee.__ __________________ 56.41Alabama_______________________ 61.80Mississippi....___....._........___.....__ 86.30
West South Central:Arkansas..._______________________ 81.42Louisiana.._._____________________ 82.91Oklahoma_________________________ 55.23Texas._______.___...__..___.___. 52.07
Mountain:Montana_______________________ 15.80Idaho..._______.__..__....._....._ 64.82Wyoming__ ......__...._...._.......... 58.64Colorado_________________________ 62.15New Mexico...._.....____....___._.... 38.37Arizona..___*____________________ 66.40Utah-.. . 27.07Nevada._________________________ 72.62
Pacific:Washington____ _. _____________ __.. 60. 54Oregon.......... ... ....__......._... 52.67California______________ .. .. 22.60
Steam en gines and turbines
Internal- combus tion en-
1.134234.935.132.661.386.782.971.48
1.13.97
.77 3.11
3.64 2.79 ..,57
4.2712.273.903.091.73
4.17I.69 3.75
10.62 6.70
II.90 9.82
1.172.192.812.569.51.84
1.84.80
4.88
2.801.12.51
3.04
3.664.19
12.208.09
.772.387.921.225.71
10.56.36
3.36
1.77.51
1.62
Water wheels
5.45
18.334.042.634.278.231.13.56
1.182.65
46.1543.7036.459.806.958.58
10.66.86
4.84
.62
.512.91
17.74
13.65.67.34.54
1.782.401.22
1.631:133.05
10.951.27
20.906.955.10.11
1.071.48.23
.14 1.14
2.37.58.41.38
1.84.05
1.772.25
1.0510.281.12
Motors op erated by purchased electricity
1 Based on Table 37.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 61
TABLE 13. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in mines and quar ries, 1899-1923, by States and geographic divisions °
Division and State
United States.. __ ........
New England ________ ...Middle Attantic..................East North Central. .............
East South Central. .............West South Central... ____ ...
Pacific.. _ . __ . ...............
New England: Maine ________ ......New Hampshire.. ...........
Rhode Island. . ..............Connecticut ..................
Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey.. ................
East North Central: Ohio...... _ ................Indiana. .....................Illinois.. .....................
West North Central: Minnesota. _________ .Iowa. ____________
North Dakota... ............South Dakota ................Nebraska.. ..................
South Atlantic: Delaware- ___ .. .........
Virginia.....................
North Carolina. _______
Florida......................East South Central:
West South Central:
Mountain:
Idaho ____________ .Wyoming __ ...............
Utah.........................
Pacific: - Washington
U
Bank
812
37946
354223304534
815
1
3564
26
1324114425
14" 43
22
182
41383132
172112
3640
27
1019167
33292037
28399
$99
Horse power
2,868
451,302
' 6571353096724
23792
73
1511
18
8522
1,195
21113296
20513
301552
14
23
215
19244
4
1010
201532
74
13
67192189
911165
124
76
1
Bank
912537846
394325334442
1030
1
31254
26
827
945314615
4729
202
41403519
162114
34381322
624361132171823
28377
309
Horse power
4,608
611,760
914371536180149446191
84
261526
10218
1,640
29505
225274
25
15223
1102-
161
67
118
35416
67
1142
533592
148
9532
1742610991647.4727
218
162
1
Rank
912638547
394331374438
1828
1
51464
32
12291745364613
4734
232
41423526
92410
3320
315
1130211622
81925
2740
7
919
Horse power
6,724
622,1251,151
426850352684717357
64
2812
39
9234
1,999
33813031833827
14432
1002
122
134
119
58704
55
1345
14957
146
2186
448129
1443163
11660
1668651
386
313
1
Rank
912748536
414231354439
1829
1
515
76
30
12322046374514
4734
232
40433627
1025
9
3321
313
828221716111924
2638
4
323
Horse power
7,500
762,2111,236
462920416775921483
87
351529
11040
2,061
358141346355
36
16032
1051
122
150
117
74750
96
1449
17467
175
2690
503156
1804380
12514017410970
5111
421
From census reports. The figures for 1899 are those reported for 1902. The figures for 1923 are estimated on the basis of past growth. Motors operated by purchased power are included.
TAB
LE 14.
tior
sepo
wer
, in
tho
usan
ds,
of p
rim
e m
over
s ut
iliz
ed i
n ag
ricu
lture
, 18
69-1
923,
by
Stat
es a
nd g
eogr
aphi
c di
visi
ons*
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es _
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
_
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c.. .
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
..
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
. _ _
______________
Sout
h A
tlan
tic.
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
__ , ..
....
....
....
....
....
....
...
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
.. ................................
Mou
ntai
n _________________________
Paci
fic .
..............................................
New
Eng
land
: M
aine
_______________________
New
Ham
pshi
re.. __ _
__
__
__
_ _
_ ..
....
.
Mas
sach
uset
ts.. _________________
Rho
de I
slan
d... .
................................
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
New
Jer
sey ____________________
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio _
__
__
__
___
_ . .
......................
Illin
ois _
________ .
...
....
....
.M
ichi
gan.
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
_ ..
........
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Mis
sour
i ...
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
..N
orth
Dak
ota .
..................................
Sout
h D
ako
ta..
.. _
__
__
__
__
__
_ ....
Kan
sas.
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Del
awar
e ______________________
Mar
ylan
d ________
__
__
....
....
....
....
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a.. .
.........................
Ban
k 6 3 1 5 2 4 8 9 7 18 24 19 30 36 31 2 26 4 3 5 16 13 25 6 7 35 27 34 21
1869 H
orse
po
wer
9,58
8
614
1,47
62,
794
1,19
01,
532
1,22
634
4 29 383
154
125
153 86 19 77 784
107
585
729
518
990
259
298
115
479
461 29 106 38 144
Ban
k 8 4 1 2 3 5 6 9 7 26 30 27 32 39 33 4 31 6 3 7 1 16 12 17 2 5 36 20 10 37 25
1879 H
orse
po
wer
13,7
64 632
1,59
83,
660
2,95
91,
748
1,48
892
310
964
7
165
110
165 94 15 83 853 98 647
881
625
1,31
539
944
0
344
978
812 41 262
522 28 165
Ban
k 8 5 2 1 3 4 6 9 7 30 35 31 36 47 37 7 33 10 6 9 14 15 13 2 5 26 21 8 3 42 29
1889 H
orse
po
wer
19,8
35 595
1,76
44,
381
5,87
12,
321
1,98
41,
647
299
973
159 99 159 89 10 79 913
117
734
993
833
1,46
555
5
615
1,38
91,
090
258
397
853
1,26
9 20 198
Ban
k 8 6 2 1 3 4 5 9 7 32 39 35 38 41 10 34 12 6 9 2 13 15 5 1 4 20 17 3 31
L899 H
orse
po
wer
23, 5
19 470
1,75
54,
937
7,69
72,
615
2,28
82,
208
470
1,07
9
140 71 117 71 71 916
117
79
9
1,07
9Q
AJ)
1,57
968
165
8
1,07
91,
673
1,31
4ta
t62
41,
056
1,41
0
188
Ban
k 9 6 2 1 4 5 3 8 7
. 33 35 41 42 J
O 38 17 9 11 3 15 18 2 5 7 12 6 1 32
1909 H
orse
po
wer
30, 8
07 462
1,88
75,
773
10,5
903,
108
2,83
83,
717
1,01
51,
417
194
132 74 62 955
123
809
1,23
01,
078
1,83
286
377
0
1,26
11,
887
1,60
11,
323
1,01
6I
Kfl
l
1 Q
jil 216
Ban
k 9 7 2 1 4 5 3 6 8 36 38 42 43 13 39 19 9 12 4 15 17 8 3 5 7 11 6 2 34
1919 H
orse
po
wer
39,2
22 471
2,07
96,
870
13,3
703,
763
3,45
34,
976
2,35
81,
882
157
126 99 89
1,05
911
8Q
AO
1,45
01,
285
2,09
61,
058
981
1,67
52,
149
2,00
01
OO
l
1,31
11
091
o QQ
Q
A
Ran
k 9 8 2 1 4 5 3 6 7 35 in 44 41 16 37 17 10 19 4 13 14 3 5 7 6 34
1923 H
orse
po
wer
38, 1
00 549
2,00
9a
Q
AQ
13, 4
111
ISA
.
2,53
35,
089
2,47
22,
050
1QQ
19
7
107
941
148
920
1 40
41
9fi
ft
2,07
11,
031
1,02
9
1,60
02
206
9 nf
tfji
aaa
1 O
QA
i Q4
i)9
4AQ
216
Cfc
Virg
inia
..
....
..
, ..
....
....
..
.,,...,......
.W
est V
irgin
ia .
.N
orth
Car
olin
a __________________
H*
Flor
ida
£j
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
J A
laba
ma.
_ .
.
.gg
M
issis
sip
pi.
...
. .
._
....
._.
.. .
._..
.|
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
I A
rkan
sas _
_ _
. ....
v\
Okl
ahom
a ____________________
Tex
as. ..
.... . .. . .. .. ..........
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
o __________
_ . _
__
__
__
__
__
Col
orad
o __
__
__
_______________
Uta
h.............................................
Nev
ada.
. __
__
__
_ . _
__
__
__
__
__
_Pa
cific
: W
ashi
ngto
n _ _
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
8 23 14 20 11 33 9 10 15 17 29 28 22 37 38 39 32 12
414
134
269
153
342 38 408
347
260
211 96 106
142 19 10 10 58 315
13 23 18 22 14 35 9 15 19 21
24 28 8 40 41 34 42 43 38 29 11
413
179
316
193
413 41 525
413
302
248
179
124
020 14 14 53 14 14 28 110
509
17 25 20 23 16 38 12 18 19 22 24 27 41 4 39 40 43 32 44 45 46 34 28 11
515
258
437
298
535 60 655
515
437
377
298
218 40
1,09
1 60 40 20 119 20 20 20 99 198
676
19 27 23 26 14 36 11 18 21 24 25 28 22 7 37 40 42 33 44 45 43 46 29 30 16
564
306
469
329
665 94 785
587
493
423
398
259
493
1,05
8 94 71 47 139 24 24 47 24 211
211
657
21 28 24 26 16 37 14.
20 22 23 25 29 10 4 31 35 39 33 41 45 40 44 27 30 19
647
339
554
401
828
123
928
708
616
586
523
339
1,13
91,
716
246
185 92 215 92 31 92 62 401
277
739
24 30 27 29 16 35 14 20 22 23 25 31 10 1 21 33 37 26 40 44 41 45 28 32 18
746
432
628
471
1,08
419
6
1,05
986
378
574
6
706
432
1,41
02,
428
863
353
157
671
118 39 118 39 549
353
980
23 33 26 30 19 38 20 21 28 27 22 29 9 1 18 31 36 25 42 43 39 45 24 32 15
703
358
679
419
779
130
763
728
499
543
713
460
1,44
12,
475
858
388
167
626
122
114
129 68 654
368
1,02
8
« E
stim
ated
on
the
basi
s of
acr
eage
of i
mpr
oved
far
m la
nd.
Purc
hase
d po
wer
and
tru
cks
not i
nclu
ded.
64 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 15. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers'installed in irrigation and drainage, 1909-1928, by States and geographic division"
Division and State
United States......................................
West North Central. _____ . ______ .. ........South Atlantic ...........................................West South Central ___________________
Pacific. .. . ..
East North Central: Indiana.Illinois ______ . ____________ . ...........Michigan... __ .
West North Central:Tnwa.Missouri. _____ . __ . _ .North Dakota ... __________ . ____ . ....
( TTivnjSaf!South Atlantic:
West South Central: Arkansas _ __ . .. ...
Texas. ... _ . ...Mountain:
Idaho.. . . _ . . ....Wyoming ... __ . _____________ . _
Arizona ....... ......................................Utah . .--. ... _ ...._... - _._ .
Pacific:
California.. ... __ _ .... _ .. ______ ..
1
Bank
4
231
13
14
732
109
15864
1216
611
1
909
Horse power
361
4
13973
146
2
2
125869
4718
1436
21
143
128
1
Bank
4&6231
188
20
151617
2114
22
423
115
1912137
10
691
919
Horse power
816
2016
123690
454
118
1
332
17
1
619381
1029
198
2211
2316
415
1
Bank
456231
219
17
1516
222314
18
423
117
1912138
1020
561
923
Horse power
1,300
23182
370108784
120*2
4aii»2
9»156>130
123ft
210102513..1
6040
684
> Figures for 1909 and 1919 from census reports; for 1923 estimated on basis of past growth.
DEVELOPMENT OF HOESEPOWEB EQUIPMENT 65
TABLE 16. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in electric central stations, 1899-1983, by States and geographic divisions 0
Division and State
United States..... . ...
Middle Atlantic. .....................
T*«/*ffip
New England:
Middle Atlantic: Now York
East North Central: Ohio .......... . . ...
Illinois... ............................
West North Central:
Kansas.. ..... ..................South Atlantic:
Virginia.............................West Virginia... _ ...... ___ ......
East South Central:
West South Central:
Louisiana. -------------- _ . .........
Mountain: Montana
Colorado .............................New Mexico- _ . ___ - ............
Utah.................................
Pacific:
Oregon _ . ..........................California. _ ... ___ . __ . .......
18
Bank
312578964
191226
52418
17
2
6948
14
10131146392930
3521
403136272837
23203438
32334317
1541441647454248
2522
3
99
Horse power
1,200
15638425210057383658
119
15259
801215
22640
118
683190
> 4023
282426
2488
514
475985
12Ifi
5
763
20
2343
201241
101495
19
Rank
412669873
202128
62918
184
7935
14
11251044423622
4826
353731122340
24273239
41383315
1634471346433045
19172
09
Horse power
5,225
4751,4201,145
410345147164274855
585537
2203570
870130420
220130480230
85
12053
12512153055
552
302835
1205520
55403220
18243280
7530
795
7153510
6570
720
19
Rank
412658973
333836
52420
192
710468
16151345432821
493032291922142739
34231842
41443512
1731462647402548
1137
3
19
Horse power
15,250
1,4904,2003,3651,2741,337
604500775
1,705
1108090
800160250
2,100400
1,700
700370
1,100- 745
450
2602803003440
130230
512011012025023030013072
110202250
42
4238
110310
26011532
134I860 1
ISO16
32085-'
1,300
IS
Bank
A
412658973
374035
62415
1102
512479
18161345433421
492231291923113238
362620-41
42443314
1726463047392748
828
3
123
Horse power
22,000-
2,2099,0195,000-l,TW2,000'
740*669
1,1002,600
14084!
152;1,192
243.38$
2,930*520*
2,660
l,310i496-
1,640)1,125-
630*
338.342450475$
155-310.
1«30016518033025050016010&
145-210)320>
6&
6060
160380
34*230-44.
167! 22
90»' ISOi 17r! 564
ISO)1..856.
Based on census reports for 1902,1907,1912,1917, and 1922.
66 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 17. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in electric raifowxel»,. . 1988, by States and geographic divisions °
Division and State
United States... __ ... ___ ......
"ZNew England ____________ .. .Middle Atlantic.. ............. ..........Tlast North Central ____________West North Central. __________
; South Atlantic- ~ _____________East South Central- ___________
"West South Central ___________TMountain _________________Pacific. . _ . __ ...... _ ...... _ .
"New England: Maine. _____________ _New Hampshire. __________Vermont _________ . ..Massachusetts- _______ ___ .Rhode Island. ____________Connecticut. _____________
Middle Atlantic: New York. ______________New Jersey- _____________Pennsylvania. _______ . .....
East North Central: Ohio .. .
Illinois _________________Michigan.. __ .....................
West North Central: Minnesota.. _____________Iowa _________________Missouri _______________
South Dakota ____________Nebraska. ______________
South Atlantic:
Maryland _______________District of Columbia .................Virginia _ ... . _ . ...................West Virginia.. _________ ....
Georgia ______________ ..Florida. . .... . . .
East South Central: Kentucky ... . ____ . _ ..
Alabama . _ .. ____ _ , _
West South Central:
Oklahoma... . _ . __ _ . .....Texas . __ ......................
Mountain:
Utah.... .. .........
Pacific:
1
Bank
31245789
2432384
2611
1145
313279
16156
3334
281220172529301035
18272139
3619
31
40
22
23378
899
Horse power
935
13028027084812516
40
731
936
20
1751590
1ft
993326
141550
3
4198
11744
222
10681
210
4
1
8
82
30
1
Bank
31254789
2540394
2319
1172
3
5138
11187
3135
331230102632361434
27202238
37214128
42
2443
29
61516
909
Horse power
3,091
386843710289tin1148554
270
2746
270334ft
50050
293
290Oft
1806090
8550
120
1915
177721882718156017
2744349
1242
427
1
301
22
1605852
1
Bank
412538796
2140393
2016
1334
269
1722
10127
3037
28253411183529
527
24232638
32143615
19
81331
919
Horse power
4,360
4891,167
98248357412918859
289
4935
32052fin
85024
293
5601671486047
142138165
2711
3240
, 22140601528
20433
4244349
25801568
59
15011425
E
Bank
4125$8607
1740393
20-18
1274
2&9
1&22
1110)7
2935
2334,316
143733
526
21242838
25133215
16
301236
983:
Horse power
4v 100'
463^11,287
452.RfiA
111
21860
146
52a
300.4755
1 600132-
255
38614*147554fr
12*134162
277
351525
170824
1520832
4435284
35951870
60
25116
5
« Based on census reports for 1902,1907,1912,1917, and 1922,
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 67
18, Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in central electric stations <QMd electric railroads plus horsepower of electric motors driven by electricity gen- erated in manufactures and in mines and quarries, 1899-1983, by States and geo- graphic divisions a
Division and State
United States .
New England _____________ T ...Middle Atlantic - ... _ -East North Central.. _______ .......West North Central- ___ . .............South Atlantic ... .................East South Central. .....................West South Central ......................
Pacific... ..... __ ............ __ .......
New England:
New Hampshire- __________
Massachusetts- ____________Rhode Island.. ________ . ......
Middle Atlantic:New York. ..........................
PiyrmsylvRTifo . .East North Central:
Ohio.................................Indiana..
West North Central: Minnesota ___ . ....................
Kansas. . ______ . ..............South Atlantic:
Delaware- ___ _ ... __ . ....
District of Columbia .................
West Virginia... .....................
East South Central:
Tennessee ___ .. __ .... ..........
Mississippi- __ __ - ............West South Central:
Oklahoma.. ... ....._._.......Texas . . ... .. ___ ......
Mountain:
Colorado ____ .. _ ......
Utah......... ........... .............
Pacific: Washington __ . ________ . ....
If
Bank
312468975
2320325
2713
192
41137
10
12148
49443334
371639251735281840
21242942
36304522
1941431546473848
26316
99
Horse power
2,575
3228276372031767256
100182
242913
1922044
43567
325
20356
2318760
45438524
1311
10368
2231111931
8
2623176
11173
25
3064
433392
2117
144
1£
Bank
312658074
263136
62914
192
4738
11
13231047463528
411844191533162037
24252742
39303822
3240491748433445
1221
5
K>9
Horse power
11,878
1,3103,6212,860
871957370291415
1,183
1128356
78396
180
1,684332
1,605
874398987366265
232126319
141657
107
3515823
15816779
16113541
11411410834
378441
129
81359
16014247418
244135804
19
Bank
.......
312648975
303541
52616
291
3847
10
1315114845
. 3224
442239211423201837
28251943
42343617
2740472946383349
12316
19
Horse power
27,839
2,7768,4676,8612,1382,560
979835
1,0692,154
231150108
1,544278465
3,471851
4,145
2,120859
1,9291,191
762
5034775883553
184298
62323134346497309365375149
244292371
72
84162150439
27112838
23543
14617632
543225
1,386
IS
Rank
.......
312649875
283238
52413
291
3847
10
14171146453425
441937201826152239
33292143
42363516
2331473049414048
12276
(23»
Horse power
34,922
3,76610,3758,7292,5193,1821,0031,0641,2852,999
294228184
2,038394628
4,6231,0584,694
2,6761,2342,3261,629
864
5675457074958
209384
79468193445540333565407152
222276418
87
110202205547
39724149
25626
13515031
692296
2,011
Figures in table represent total horsepower of all electric generators.» No information available for horsepower of electric motors In mines and quarries in 1923.
68 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 19. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers installed in ships, 1889- 1928, by States and geographic divisions °
^Division and State
Middle Atlantic....
West South Central ......
Pacific . ......
New England:
Rhode Island ...
Middle Altantic: New York ___ . ....
East North Central: Ohio .
Illinois _______ -
West North Central:
North Dakota.
Kansas ...............South Atlantic:
District of Columbia. Virginia West Virginia.
East South Central: Kentucky ___ . ....
Alabama _ . ___ .Mississippi .
West South Central: Arkansas __
Mountain:
Idaho . ...
Utah.................XfairfkHa
Pacific:
Oregon _ .. ..........California ______
1
Rank
......
3126587
4
734356
1711
1165
232143
10
3123
9
36
30
24 202529261821
19212827
12
33
15134
389
Horse power
1 444
21154132150
1043033
154
6422
941633
4231999
1314
2512536
47
38
1
4456
11545
168
12945
30
3
2027
107
1
Rank
.....
4126587 93
103435
62112
1195
282133
11
73314
36
298
25 202630271718
22232824
15
31
37
9164
399
Horse power
1 000
1936685001121622831
1205
5322
S31538
53821
109
2164
3520342
773
31
1
5706
19645
2522
8857
27
4
1
6327
115
11
Rank
" "
4126587
3
123332
72215
1136
231144
17
53423
35
259
28 10
26291918
27302124
16
20
8113
909
horse power
3,122
2501,150
7901852364457
410
6112
1281642
92858
164
4923
4521634
1671
16
1
10836
62
86
3031
85
2011
37
20
12362
225
1
Rank
6135487
2
16
32112417
1136
331158
20
5342333
211029
9
26271918
28302225
14
12
472
519
Horse power
6,584
2792,5271,003
47954947
182
1.518
59
21491752
2^125111391
6484
6325533
4571
192
31186
6 223
129
3547
75
2312
67
115
540274704
If
Bank
_______
6147385
2
2028339
2318
1224
332191424
7342735
36
155
30 6
21261612
29311725
8
10
13112
K»
Horse power
10,262____657
4,298966437
1,499102731
1,672
5615
13853367
3,57535
688
7503
5913123
4161
181
1
93699
5 509
871986
151
74
7021
393
338
143224
1,305
Computed on the basis of tonnage figures contained in Merchant Marine Statistics (reports of the Com missioner of Navigation). See Table 30 for method of ascertaining totals.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT §9
TABLE 20. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in motor-driven vehicles, 1919 and 19SS, by States ana geographic divisions
Division and State
United States..... ___ .......
New England ........................MtddleAtlantic . ..................East North Central ________ .
South Atlantic .......................East South Central ____ .... .....West South Central ..................Mountain _______________Pacific. ________ . ___ . ....
New England:
Middle Atlantic: New York........................New Jersey ......................
East North Central: Ohio.............................Indiana ..........................Illinois ...........................
West North Central:
Iowa .............................
North Dakota ...................South Dakota. ...................Nebraska ........................Kansas ...........................
South Atlantic: Delaware ____________Maryland _____ . ............District of Columbia.............Virginia..........................West Virginia....................
Georgia .................... ......Florida.... _ . _________ .
East South Central:
Tennessee ........................
West South Central:Arkansas
Texas ............................Mountain:
Montana ........................
Arizona ..........................Utah.............................Nevada ..
Pacific: Washington.
California ........................
Total
1919
Bank
7~
3 1 2 4 9 6 8 5
34 43 45 9
39 21
1 16 3
2 13 4 8
12
14 6
10 . 28
23 15 11
48 24 41 25 37 19 30 17 35
26 29 33 32
38 36 20
7
31 40 46 22 47 44 42 49
18 27
5
Horse power
230,432
16,430 37,770 64,230 44,590 21,209 8,783
16,564 9,736
21.130
1,728 965 816
8,140 1,469 3,312
17,250 5,820
14,700
16,080 6,930
14,600 9,410 7,210
6,710 11,100 7,400 2,518 3,092 6,400 7,370
493 2,918 1,079 2,870 1,630 3,510 2,439 4,680 1,690
2,742 2,449 1,794 1,798
1,605 1,564 3,405
10,090
1,808 1,286
651 3,200
551 883
1,073 284
4,640 2,540
13,950
1923
Rank
7 2 1 3 5 8 6 9 4
36 42 44 10 38 27
1 14 7
3 9 5 6
12
13 8
11 36 31 17 15
48 24 39 20 28 19 32 22 29
21 23 33 87
34 30 16 7
40 41 46 25 47 45 43 49
18 26
2
Horse* power
607,254
31,820 90,678
127,210 80,986 46,670 20,367 42,003 16,966 51,666
3,675 2,075 1,780
16,250 2,580 5,460
40,800 14,628 36,360
36,210 18,700 32,750 24,130 15,420
16,120 19,300 16,100 3,695 4,450 9,670
12,650
1,020 5,730 2,620 7,400
5,335 8,350 4,310 5,870 5,135
6,703 5,857 4,280 3,527
3,804 4,610
10,860 23,239
2,495 2,106 1,343 5,705 1,117 1,661 2,010
630
8,740 5,605
37,210
Exclusive of pleasure automobiles
1919
Rank
4 2 1 3 5 8 6 9 7
30 36 43
5 31 11
1 12 3
28 4 7
17
. 13 9
14 44 36 18 16
46 20 37 19 21 22 38 23 27
24 28 25 39
40 32 29
6
48 41 46 33 47 42 34 49
15 26 10
Horse power
10,964
1,014 2,628 2,816 1,342
962 416 764 330 702
78 62 26
620 78
260
1,768 260 600
988 364 780 468 216
260 312 260 26 52
208 224
26 166 62
182 130 130 62
130 104
130 104 130 62
62 78
104 620
16 62 26 78 18 52 78 10
260 ISO 312
1923
Rank
4 2 1 3 5 8 6 9 7
27 41 46
8 28 17
1 4 6
2 7 3 9
15
10 14 11 47 36 19 18
43 32 40 16 39 22 33 21 20
24 26 29 36
34 2326
6
37 44 46 30 48 42 38 49
13 31 12
Horse power
53,724
4,679 12,100 14,770 6,620 4,664 2,107 4,131 1,686 3,078
515 230 110
2,400 460 964
6,720 2,930 2,460
4,780 2,420 4,040 2,400 1,130
1,600 1,196 1,520
108 347 876 876
174 383 236
1,016 246 701 382 741 775
676 632 466 343
373678 610
2,470
276 171 149 448
99 216 260
66
1,220 428
1,430
Based on registration figures by States from reports of National Automobile Chamber of Commerce Automobiles, motor cycles, and tracks are included.. See Table 33 for average horsepower of automobiles.
70 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 21. Index numbers of horsepower of prime movers, number of wage earners, and volume of production, 1889-1919, by special groups
[1899=100]
"Materials". _______
Agriculture ................
Horsepower of prime movers
1889
75 156 "80 78 84 45
1899
100 100 100 100 100 100
1909
176 195 136 217 132 161
1919
265 282 193 346 186 234
Number of wage earners «
1889
81 80 81 8182 62
1899
100 100 100 100 100 100
1909
126 125 123 162 120 156
1919
133 170 108 206 104 176
Volume of production »
1889
7375 72 67 75 60
1899
100 100 100 100 100 100
1909
140 150 125 190 122 183
1919
190 220 145 306 137 260
All commodities _ .. .....
"Materials". ................
Mines and quarries . ......
Horsepower per wage earner /
1889
f92 69 98 97
101 73
1899
100 100 100 100 100 100
1909
140 155 111 134 110 103
1919
199 164 179 168 179 133
Production per wage earner »
1889
90 94 89 83 92 97
1899
100 100 100 100 100 100
1909
111 120 102 117 102 117
1919
143 129 134 149132 148
.verages.J for definitions
« Table 7.* Stewart, W. W., Am. Econ. Review, March. 1920, p. 57. Figures represent five-year avers o Comprise "manufactures," "materials," and ''transportation." See footnotes to Table 6 for
of these groups.* Table 6.* Table 3. / Table 8. » Ratio of index numbers of volume of production to index numbers of number of wage earners.
TABLE 22. Index numbers of total horsepower of prime movers and acreage of improved land, 1849-1928
[1899=100]
Year
1849..................................................................1859 ________________________ . ______ .. __ . .....1869 .._... ...... ...._.. .__ ________.__._. ..._..._.... 1879 __ ..............................................................1889..................................................................1899..................................................................M09 ...-.-..--.-_................. ...._._..._......................1919-.................................................................1923-..................................................................
Horsepower of prime movers
Total
16 25 30 45 74
100 188 617
1,065
Exclusive of pleasure
automobiles
100 176 275 359
Acreage of improved
land «
27 39 46 69 86
100 115 122
a Census reports.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 71
TABLE 23.: Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in manufactures,1849-1923
"" Year
1849 &......_1869 »-- .1869 .....1879 ___ ...1889-.......1899 ____ .1909. .......1919 ........1923 __ . ...
Total horse power
1,100 1,600 2,346 3,411 5,939
10,098 18,675 29,505 33,094
Owned
Total
1,100 1,600 2,346 3,411 5,850 9,778
16,803 20,063 19,729
Steam engines
and tur bines
450 700
1,216 2,185 4,586 8,190
14,229 17,038 16,701
Inter nal* com
bustion engines
9 134 751
1,2591,224
Water wheels
650 900
1,130 1,226 1,265 1,454 1,823 1,765 1,803
Driven by purchased power
Total
*.320
1,872 9,442
13, 365
Elec tric
motors
182 1,749 9,348
13,365
Other
89 137 123 94
(-0
Electric motors
Total
16 493
4,817 16,317 22,187
Driven by
Pur chased power
(«) 182
L749 9,348
13,365
Owned power
311 3,068 6,9698,822
0 Census reports. »Estimated.
Figures not available. <* Not reported.
TABLE 24. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized^in mines and quarries, 1849-1928 a
Year
1849 *. . .1859 ».. __ .1869 ........1879 ». ....1889 ........1899 ........1909 ____1919........1923 ........
Total horse power
50 150 350 650
1,300 2,868 4,608 6,724 7,500
Owned
Total
50 150 350 650
1,300 2,764 4,403 6,112 5,000
Steam engines
and tur
bines
38 120 275 525
1,050 2,433 3,787 3,713 3,275
Inter nal*
com bustion engines
260 519
1,361 1,700
Water wheels
12 30 75
125 250
61 97 38 25
* Driven by purchased power
Total
114 206
1,612 2,500
Elec tric
motors
114 206
1,603 2,500
Other
9
Electric motors
Total
114 700
2,862 2,500
Driven by
Pur chased power
114 206
1,603 2,500
Owned power
494 1,259
0 Census reports.& Estimated from data in census reports.* Estimated.
TABLE 25. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in agriculture,1849-1928
Year
1849 _ .....1859........1869........1879........1889. ....1899........1909........1919 _ .....1923 _ .....
Oxen
1,7012,2551,317
9941,117
960640370100
Mules
5591,1511,1251,8122,2522,7533,7874,6523,700
Horses
4,3376,2497,146
10,35815,26715,50617,43017,22016,000
Total animals
6,5979,655a fiRS
13,16418,63619, 21921,85722,24219,800
Wind mills
1002003004504Rn500
Steam engines
5001,0003,5004,5003,5003,000
Station ary gas
5003,5007,0006,800
Electric motors
3001,5002,200
Gas tractors
5006,0008,000
Trucks
3,0007,120
Grand total
6,5979,6559,588
13,76419,83623,51931,10743,72247,420
« O. D. Kinsman, TJ. S. Dept. Agriculture.
72 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 26. Approximate number, in thousands, of draft animals in the UnitedStates, 1849-1923
Year
1849 _ .... ..1859 ____ . ____ ..1869. .1879..................1889. ... _ ... _ ..1899..................1909..................1919..................1923 »...... ......
Grand total
7,747 10,961 11,275 15,324 21,311 22,274 25,262 24,221 21,500
On farms
Total
6,597 9,655 9,588
13,164 18,636 19,219 21,857 22,242 19,800
Oxen
1,701 2,255 1,317
994 1,117
960 640 370 100
Mules
559 1,151 1,125 1,812 2,252 2,753 3,787 4,652 3,700
Horses
4,337 6,249 7,146
10,358 15,267 15,506 17,430 17,220 16,000
Not on farms
Total
1,150 1,306 1,687 2,160 2,675 3,055 3,405 1,979 1,700
Mules
100 120 140 160 175 182 269 344 400
Horses
1,050 1,186 1,547 2,000 2,500 2,873 3,136 1,635 1,300
C. D. Kinsman, TJ. S. Dept. Agriculture. * Estimated.
TABLE 27. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in central stations and electric railroads, 1889-192S °
Year
1889 ...... ........1899......... ....__ 1909..................1919 ..................1923 ..............
Electric central stations
Total
120 1,200 5,225
15,250 22,000
Steam engines and tur
bines
120 950
3,450 10,100 15,000
Internal- combus tion en
gines
75 250 350
Water wheels
250 1,700 4,900 6,650
Electric railroads
Total
140 935
3,091 4,360 4,100
Steam engines and tur
bines
140 900
2,850 3,800 3,650
Internal- combus tion en
gines
21 30 30
Water wheels
35 220 530 420
Based on census of .electrical industries for 1902,1907,1912,1917, and 1922.
TABLE 28. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers utilized in irrigation anddrainage, 1879-1923 °
Year
1879.........1889 .........1899. ........
Total
533
120
Steamengines and tur
bines
2.58
30
Internal-combus tion en
gines
8in
Water wheels
2.51760
Year
1909-. .......1919.- .......1923-........
Total
361816
1,300
Steamengines and tur
bines
90200300
Internal-combus tion en
gines
90200<tnn
Water wheels
181416700
Data for 1879,1889, and 1923 estimated; for other years from census reports. Division among different types of prime movers was estimated.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 73
TABLE 29. Horsepower of locomotives of steam railroads, 1849-1928
Year
1849........ _ ......__._.._._._._._..._...1859...... _ _.._..........__.._.._...._...1869.. ..._..________.. __ ..... .. . 1879---_.__..___..._.__._..__......._...__.1889._.___.___........._.___._.___..___...__1899- ..- _ ... _ ... __ .............1909.............................. _ ......WW.....................^................1923... ....................................
Horsepower
435,000 1,940,000 4,100,000 7,720,000
16,300,000 20,900,000 45,400,000 72,300,000 74,600,000
Tractive force (pounds)
Total*
14,850,000 66,400,000
139,600,000 263,000,000 556,000,000 712,000,000
1,548,000,000 2,462,000,000 2,544,000,000
Average per loco motive «
8,250 10,850 13,200 15,600 17,900 19,443 26,601 35,789 39,177
Number of loco
motives'
1,800 6,120
10,580 17,084 31,062 36,703 68,219 68,977 64,939
Miles of track
9,021 30,635 52,914 86,497
161,397 190,818 235,402 256,572
Derived from " Tractive force " by the following formula furnished by the bureau of locomotive inspe c- tion, Interstate Commerce Commission: -j=g-=horsepower, where T tractive force and V=«averagespeed in miles per hour,
fr Result of multiplying "average per locomotive" by number of locomotives for each year. Data for 1909,1919, and 1923 from statistical reports of Interstate Commerce Commission. Other figures
are estimated from dimensions of representative locomotives (found in histories of locomotives), as-C'SP applied to the Baltimore locomotive formula for tractive force: T= p , where C= diameter of cylinder
in inches, S=stroke of pistion in inches, P=mean effective boiler pressure in pounds, and D= diameter of driving wheel in inches.
<* Data for 1879 and 1889 in Poor's "Manual of railroads"; for 1899,1909, 1919, and 1923 in statistical reports of Interstate Commerce Commission. Figures for 1849,1859, and 1869 obtained by applying factor 0.20 to miles of railroad. This factor was selected as representative for those years, after factors for available- data had been worked out.
Poor's "Manual of railroads."
TABLE 30. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers in ships, 1849-1983 °
Year
1849..............................1869..............................1869..............................1879 _________________1889..............................1899..............................1909..............................19191923..............................
Total horse power
734 1,142 1,076 1,110 1,444 1,900 3,122 6,584
10,262
Steam engines and turbines
Tonnage
526 868
1,075 1,212 1,859 2,658 4,741
10,059 15,358
Horse power
J305 J503 »624 »703
' 1,078 * 1,542 <«2,750 5,734 9,247
Internal-combus tion engines ">
Tonnage
356 464
Horse power
/494 /664
« Wind (sail) «
Tonnage
3,010 4,486 3,171 2,856 2,566 2,507 2,608 2,492 2,463
Horse power
429* 639 452 407 366 358 372 350 351
o Data obtained from annual "List of merchant vessels of the United States" and from "Merchant marine statistics of 1924" issued by the Bureau of Navigation.
» Internal-combustion engines in ships not separable from total before 1915.* Estimated, by assuming 4 tons in a sailing vessel equivalent to 1 ton in a steam vessel and applying the
appropriate factor.* Estimated, by assuming 0.58 horsepower per gross ton, the ratio found for steam vessels in 1910.* Estimated, by assuming 0.57 horsepower per gross ton, the ratio found for steam, vessels in 192ft / Estimated, by assuming 1.39 horsepower per gross ton, the ratio found for "gas" vessels im 1929..
74 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 31. Horsepower, in thousands, of prime movers of motor-driven vehicles (automobiles), 1899-1923 °
Horsepower
!«» ...... . . .. .1919 ________________1923 _____ . ____ . ___ ...
2,969 69,027
132,932
4,454 148,393 319,056
7,423 217,420 451,988
256 10,964 53,724
35 2,0481,542
7,714 230,432 507,254
Index numbers (1899=100)
1899 _________ . __ . ....1909-........ ...............1919 _____ . _______ . _ .1923____....____..._._____.___.
100 23,200
679,000 1,412,000
100 24,100
721,000 1,585,000
Index numbers (1909=100)
1899...........................1909...........................1919. __________ . .......1823...........................
100 2,3254,477
100 3,332 7,163
4 100
2,929 60,892
1004,283
20,986
100 5,851 4,206
4100
2,987 65,758
Horsepower of a Ford considered 20. Half of passenger cars registered considered to be Fords. Average horsepower of all other passenger cars and trucks given in Table 33.
TABLE 32. Number of automobiles registered, 1899-1923 a
Total
Year
1899...........................1909...........................1919 ...........................1923....._.__.._...__._...____.
Passenger cars
Fords«
148,450 3,451,358 6, 646, 618
All others
148,450 3,451,358 6, 646, 618
Total
3,200296,900
6,902,716 13,293,236
Trucks
* 13, 500 421,692
1,627,569
Motor cycles
'7,000 241,038 171,372
Total
3,200 '817,460 7,565,446
15,092,177
Index numbers (1899=100)
1899 _______ .... ___ .....1909...........................1919...........................1923 ____ . _______ . ...
100 9,278
215,709 415,412
100 9,919
236,419 471,631
Index numbers (1909=100)
1899 _________ . ____ ..1909...........................1919 _______ . __ ... ..1923 ___ .......... ........
100 2,3254,477
100 2,3254,477
1 100
2,3254,477
100 3,124
12,056
100 3,443 2,448
1 100
2,384 4,765
« Registration figures as given in annual reports of National Automobile Chamber of Commerce. * Proportion of tracks and motor cycles estimated from registration in 1914 and subsequent years.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 75
TABLE 33. Average horsepower used in determining total horsepower of automobile engines in 1909, 1919, and 1923 «
*
Passenger cars, other than Fords * _________________ . _____ ..
Motorcycles ____________________________________
1909
30195
-1919
4326&5
1923
48339.0
Based on actual or brake horsepower of automobile engines as furnished by the different automobile manufacturers compared with similar figures published in the January numbers of "Motor." The average horsepower of the engines of passenger cars tor the different years was obtained by arranging the different makes of automobiles in groups according to volume of production. The average horsepower of each group was obtained, and the average of the groups for each year was then found by weighting tbe average of each group according to volume of production of all the makes included in the group. The average horsepower of trucks is the average of the horsepower of the engines of the different makes of trucks.
* See Table 31.
TABLE 34. Number of wage earners and horsepower of prime movers in certain industrial establishments not included in census totals for manufactures, 1909 and 1919 «
Governmental manufacturing establlsh-
Power laundries ______________Dyeing and cleaning.....,, ....... ......
Custom gristmills
Number of estab
lishments
405,186
4,13311,961
1909
Number of wage earners
32, 519109,484
7,0907,014
i
Horse power
47, 787123,477
93,280272,763
Number of estab
lishments
S35,6782,1365,396
10,427
1919
Number of wage earners
106,763131,87918,8073,1752,134
Horse power
172,998196,79323,946
130,916218, S94
Census of manufactures, 1920.
TABLE 35. Horsepower of prime movers of municipal water-supply plants of certaincities for 1926 «
City
Baltimore. ________________Boston __________________Chicago.. _______________Kansas City.. ______________Minneapolis _______________New Orleans _______________New York..............................Pittsburgh..............................St. Louis... __ . _____________Seattle . _ _ ...,._.-- ______ .
Population (estimated)
734,000 748,000
2,702,000 324,000 381,000 387,000
5,620,000 588,000 773,000 315,000
12,572,000
Horsepower
Total '
9,070 5,847
18,160 6,200
11,600 19,880 37,945 10, 462 12,540
1,980
133,684
Steam engines
2,725 5,847
18,160 6,200 1,400
19,880 21,300 10,462 12,540
98,514
Internal- combus tion en gines
525
525
Water wheels
200
180
380
Electric motors
driven by purchased
power
6,145.
10,20ft
J6,12ft
1,80ft
34,265,
On the basis of this table, with an estimated urban population for the United States of 65,700,000 in 1926, tbe horsepower of prime movers hi all municipal water-supply plants in the United States was about 700,000.'
TABLE 36. Horsepower of prime movers of aircraft of the Army and Navy and of the-,ships of the Navy
Craft
Battleships.. _____________Cruisers _______________Minelayers _____________Destroyers _____________
Aircraft carriers ___ . ...........Patrol vessels. ......................
Horsepower
555,1311,362,517
423,7317,199,868
KQ£ OAR
367, 152182,935
Craft Horsepower/
184,920236,960475, 18545,866
11,560,570
« Compiled from "Ships' data, U. S. naval vessels, July 1,1924," U. S. Navy Department. 'Annual report of the Chief of Air Service, 1925.
TABL
E 37
. P
rim
e m
over
s ut
ilize
d in
man
ufac
ture
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
ed i
n 19
23,
by g
eogr
aphi
c di
visi
ons
and
Stat
es °
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es. _
__
_ ..
....
. ...
..
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
- _______
__
- _ ..
.
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al _
____
__
__
. ...
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al _
__
______ . .
..W
est S
outh
Cen
tral
__
___ ..
. . ..
....
.M
ount
ain.
.
Paci
fic.
*. . ..
..
...............
New
Eng
land
: M
aine
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
....
Con
nect
icut
__
__
___
_ . _
_ . .
..M
iddl
e A
tlant
ic:
New
Yo
rk.
.......................
New
Jer
sey.
.. __________ . .
..
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Oh
io..
....
....
....
......
....
....
....
.In
dian
aIl
linoi
s __
__
__ _
_
__
..
Mic
higa
nW
isco
nsin
__
__
__
________
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Min
neso
ta .
. _ .
Mis
sour
iN
orth
Dak
ota _
__
___
__
_ . .
...
Soat
h D
akota
....
.. ..
. _ . _
_ . _
.N
ebra
ska.
........... ..
....
....
...
Kan
sas.
.. ..
........
....
....
....
...
Num
ber
of e
stab
lis
hmen
ts
repo
rtin
g po
wer
173,
475
17,5
31
58,4
33
37,2
74
15,0
70
14, 9
22
7,01
7 7,
223
3,47
6 12
,529
1,51
9 1,
029
951
9,63
9 1,
513
2,88
0
33,6
06
7,93
5 16
,892
10,2
55
4,57
3 12
,250
5,
296
4,90
0
3,56
1 3,
155
4,68
1 30
9 46
0 1,
247
1,66
7
Prim
e m
over
s
Tot
al
prim
ary
hors
e
pow
er*
33,0
94,2
28
4, 1
51, 1
36
9,62
7,80
8 9,
061,
680
1,71
4,03
0 3,
143,
936
1,46
1,60
4 1,
269,
347
777,
746
1,88
6,94
2
570,
632
352,
656
177,
212
1,
931,
787
391,
928
727,
021
3,26
3,32
5 1,
256,
890
5,10
7,59
3
3,30
7,72
6 1,
372,
007
1,98
0,50
8 1,
471,
550
929,
889
460,
128
282,
333
553,
397
16,7
30
16,4
58
129,
429
265,
566
Stea
m e
ngin
es a
nd
turb
ines
Num
ber
90,0
57
7,59
3 23
,430
20
,641
5,
770
12,5
02
6,35
3 6,
591
2,06
6 5,
111
1,17
1 64
9 46
7 3,
312
586
1,40
8
7,52
4 3,
938
11,9
68
6,16
6 2,
795
4,58
1 2,
970
4,12
9
1,53
6 1,
010
1,92
8 84
130
803
779
Hor
sepo
wer
16,7
00,9
93
1,77
7,81
3 5,
279,
302
4,56
8,17
4 76
8,85
7 1,
475,
792
886,
286
838,
409
357,
247
749,
113
162,
646
144,
670
47
,839
92
5,49
0 18
7,65
5 30
9,61
3
1, 2
42, 1
98
784,
046
3,25
3,06
8
1,84
3,20
9 68
6,60
2 94
4,94
5 67
2,46
9 42
1,94
9
207,
348
124,
806
231,
648
10,3
96
5,84
1 53
,651
13
5,26
7
Inte
rnal
-com
bust
ion
engi
nes
Num
ber
15,7
21 784
3,59
2 4,
530
1,36
3 2,
012
856
1,39
6 35
3 83
5
134 57
67
335 50
14
1
1,35
8 80
3
1,27
9 42
7 61
6 36
6 1,
842
196
220
425 53
58
14
4 26
7
Hor
sepo
wer
1,22
4,26
2
46,9
33
400,
768
447,
735
88
,045
83
,603
20
,138
85
,942
23
,192
27
,906
6,43
9 3,
437
1,16
7 16
,827
12
,184
6,
879
118,
437
35,0
28
247,
303
141,
079
168,
620
76,4
73
45, 5
40
16,0
23
19, 1
85
4,78
4 20
,728
1,
775
1,10
2 15
.417
25
,054
Wat
er w
heel
s
Num
ber
9,29
3
3,45
4 2,
397
1,49
1 31
6 1,
017
202 76
107
233
645
603
395
1,19
6 19
8 51
7
1,36
318
8 84
6
186
115
162
308
720
138 50
47 5 6 38
32
Hor
sepo
wer
1, 80
3, 3
10
761,
211
38
8,60
3 23
8,67
6 73
,346
25
8,55
8 16
(542
7,
170
9,21
2 50
,092
263,
705
164,
066
64,6
91
189,
106
27,2
01
62,4
53
348,
818
10,7
86
28,8
99
12,4
78
8,58
8 10
,028
42
,717
16
4,86
5
62,9
44
1,88
9 1,
900 91
293
3,10
9 3.
120
Ele
ctri
c mot
ors d
rive
n by
pur
chas
ed c
ur
rent
Num
ber
1,44
5,00
3
179,
192
47
0,29
6 39
1,34
3 91
, 105
13
1,46
4 39
,629
- 29
,186
21
,094
91
,694
10, 1
57
8,56
8 5,
370
99,7
34
20,7
33
34,6
30
239,
855
58,1
86
172,
255
119,
536
49,8
49
111,
679
73
,604
36
,775
21,1
30
17,6
02
34,1
83
1,06
2 1,
764
6,88
6 8.
698
Hor
sepo
wer
13,3
65,6
63
1,56
5,17
9 3,
559
, 235
3,
807,
095
783,
782
1,32
6,98
3 53
8,63
8 33
7,82
6 38
8,09
4 1,
069,
831
137,
842
60,4
93
63,5
15
800,
365
164,
888
348,
076"
1,55
3,87
2 42
7,03
0 1,
578,
333
1,31
0,96
0 50
9, 1
97
949,
062
710,
824
327,
062
170,
651
150,
854
299,
121
4,46
8 9,
222
57,3
62
92.1
14
Ele
ctri
c m
otor
s dr
iv
en b
y cu
rren
t ge
n
erat
ed i
n es
tabl
ish
m
ents
rep
ortin
g
Num
ber
616,
422
97,7
91
221,
661
195,
502
25,7
52
41, 1
81
7,66
7 8,
673
5,80
8 12
,387
5,37
3 8,
611
2,20
3 50
,810
12
, 813
17
,981
73,1
62
46,3
98
102,
101
48,8
58
21,6
30
48,3
07
63,4
74
23,2
33
6,73
1 4,
911
9,36
6 13
6 37
2,13
3 3.
438
Hor
sepo
wer
8,82
1,55
1
1,10
2,42
2 3,
077
, 216
2,
951
, 857
36
8,04
5 59
6,19
3 15
1, 7
46
195,
707
12
6,32
9 25
3,03
6
91,7
30
146,
901
29,8
89
646,
225
" 10
3,74
6 18
3,93
1
692,
478
505,
600
1,87
9,13
8
980,
219
589,
756
638,
524
449,
356
294,
002
107,
072
68,6
72
95,2
36
1,94
3 88
4 27
,327
67
.411
^ J 6 O M
H3
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Del
awar
eM
aryl
and _
__
__
_________
Virg
in
ia.
.
W
est V
irgi
nia.
... ..
........ ..
....
....
Flor
ida .
....
....
......................
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Mis
siss
ippi
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Ark
ansa
sL
ouis
iana
__
__
___
__
__
__
_
Texa
sM
ount
ain:
Idaho..
....
....
......
....
....
....
....
New
Mex
ico .
....
....
....
....
....
....
Uta
h................
....
....
....
....
.
Paci
fic:
Was
hing
ton .
........
....
....
....
....
.
419
2,59
444
82,
579
1,37
12,
587
1,12
12,
498
1,30
5
1,82
92,
171
1,84
11,
176
1,18
31,
594
1,13
23,
314
599
479
215
1,14
617
025
351
9 95
2,69
81,
692
8,13
9
112,
485
497,
945
31,8
4643
1,23
737
1,69
970
2,83
240
7,73
544
9,88
813
8,26
9
251,
554
391,
465
640,
892
177,
693
165,
154
402,
938
152,
956
548,
299
190,
516
72,1
4623
,959
176,
076
16,8
6312
8,53
114
1,67
127
,983
593,
330
. 32
2,29
797
1,31
5
529
1,55
610
52,
060
1,13
12,
113
1,02
12,
831
1,15
6
1,04
01,
872
1,96
01,
481
1,39
62,
632
590
1,97
3
234
347
123
624
123
202
373 40
2,17
41,
118
1,31
9
68,0
1217
0,64
511
,353
230,
070
217,
580
245,
479
195,
961
229,
969
106,
723
116,
041
220,
832
396,
134
153,
279
134,
415
334,
033
84,4
8528
5,47
6
30,1
0046
,727
14 f
UQ
109,
333
13,2
1285
,339
38,1
6620
,321
359,
420
169,
765
219,
928
50 349 47 272
385
205
117
263
324
248
177
238
193
158
333
298
607 52 49 49 99 21 40 23 20 235
110
490
1,30
610
,901 89
411
,027
35,6
815,
939
7,49
33,
610
8,75
2
7,04
94,
386
3,29
15,
412
6,04
516
,893
18,6
7944
,325
1,46
61,
714
1,89
32
146
963
13,5
68 505
937
10,4
981,
667
15, 7
51
43 97 338
8 56 247 90 88 5 61 118 13 10 10 23 20 23 13 10 3 14 4 1 58 4 47 125 61
1,84
65,
625
970
47,2
434,
735
146,
812
28,2
9722
,878 15
2
2,47
14
162
9,50
540
4
361
325
210
6,27
4
4,51
142
9 98 666
310 60
2,50
863
0
6,21
133
,157
10,7
24
2,52
523
,420
2,90
728
,147
9,05
532
,047
15, 1
6915
,024
3,17
0
10,4
9214
,785
12,3
981,
954
2,71
65,
324
5,32
515
,821
3,58
71,
940
961
6,52
939
41,
524
5,76
439
5
14,5
019,
137
68,0
56
41,3
2131
0,77
418
,629
142,
897
113,
703
304,
602
175,
984
193,
431
24,8
42
125,
993
162,
085
231,
962
18,5
98
24,3
3351
,687
40
KS
9
212
224
154,
439
23,2
767,
919
fiS O
T12,
378
29,5
64in
n 40
76,
095
217,
201
11
7
71R
794
Q1O
.
4 A
SK
6,21
230
114
,745
5,60
37
Q3f
t1
K4Q
1,95
579
5
2,74
7i
ftnn
84ft
846
9. 4R
31,
293
4,07
1
271
383
OQ
O
1,87
025
6i
son
1,06
3O
QO
4,82
72,
516
K (\A
A
«O
K
QO
153,
358
a AR
QOK
043
100
nil
79,2
5249
,628
39,0
0914
,783
g H
on
&
1Q
^4
30,9
68
H69
899
f f
O
Aft
ft
f\
15,4
39
g56
,841
H
26,6
74
a96
,753
1-3
8,87
4 O
11,0
64
*45,
107
28,8
46
W4,
033
O45
,078
SJ
10,0
93
CO14
ISA
. H n
jin
a 01
1 O
A1
TOO
^
88,1
03
|sj
W
Cen
sus
of m
anuf
actu
res,
192
3.*
Incl
udes
mot
ors
driv
en b
y pu
rcha
sed
curr
ent.
3 f^ -4 -4
78 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 38. Distribution by geographic divisions and States of total area of improved land on farms in the United States, 1869-1919 <
[Figures represent percentages]
United States .. ..
New England _Middle Atlantic __ . ________ . .....East North Central ____________
South Atlantic _ . ____________ .East South Central ...................
Pacific. _ _ __ . -
New England: Maine... .............................New Hampshire ..................Vermont _______________Massachusetts.. ......................Rhode Island.. ____ .1 ........Connecticut _ . ......................
Middle Atlantic: New York... ...... ____ ... .......
East North Central: Ohio ... ... ....... ..... ... ....... .
Illinois.. _ ....... ____ .... _ .....Michigan __________ . .........
West North Central:
Missouri.. _______________
South Dakota ___________ ...Nebraska.. ...........................
South Atlantic:
District of Columbia ..................Virginia.. ............................
North Carolina. _ . ____ .. ....
Georgia .................. .............Florida.. __________ .. __ . ...
East South Central:
Tennessee ___ ___________Alabama __________ ... ....
West South Central:
Oklahoma ... . - .... _ . _Texas _ . .. ___________
Mountain:
Idaho . .........
Utah....... ....... ..... .... .
Pacific:
1869
100.0
6.415.429.112.416.012.83.6.3
4.0
1.61.31.6.9.2.8
8.31.16.0
7.75.4
10.22.73.1
1.25.04.8
(»)(b) o
.31.1
.41.5
(»)4.31.42.81.63.6.4
4.33.62.72.2
1.01.1
1.5
.1(»)W 1
.1(»).(»)(»)
.1
.63.3
1879
100.0
4.611.626.621.512.710.86.7.8
4.7
1.2.8
1.2.7.1.6
6.2.7
4.7
6.44.99.22.93.2
. 2.67.05.9
<*> 0
.31.93.8
.31.2
<*> «3.01.32.31.42.9.3
3.83.02.21.8
1.3.9
4.5
.1
.1(») 0
.2
.1(») 0
.2
.1
.2
.83.7
1889
100.0
3.08.9
22.029.511.710.08.51.54.9
.8
.5
.7
.5
.1
.4
4.6.6
3.7
5.142
.. 7.22.82.7
3.17.05.51.32.04.36.3
.11.0
( '>nfl2.61.32.21.52.7.3
3.32.62.21.9
1.51.0.2
5.8
.3
.2
.1
.5
.1(»)
.2
.1
.51.03.4
1899
100.0
2.07.5
20.932.711.19.79.62.04.5
.6
.3
.5
.3(>>
.3
3.8.5
3.2
4.64.06.72.82.8
4.47.25.62.32.74.56.0
(»).8
<»> r2.51.42.01.42.6.4
3.32.52.11.8
1.71.12.14.7
.4
.3
.2
.6
.1
.1
.2
.1
.8
.82.9
1909
100.0
1.56.1
18.634.410.19.2
12.23.34.6
.5
.2
.4
.2(6) o
.2
3.1.4
2.6
4.03.55.82.82.5
4.16.15.24.33.35.16.3
(6) ,.7.1
2.11.11.81.32.6.4
3.02.32.01.9
1.71.13.75.7
.8
.5
.3
.8
.3
.1
.3
.2
1.3.9
2.4
1919
100.0
1.25.3
17.534.19.68.8.
12.76.04.8
.4
.2
.a
.2(Vi2.6.3
2.4
3.63.3-5.42.72.5
4.55.25.14.9<3.64.96.1
.1
.6" (b> , ft1.9>
1.11.01.22.6.5.
2.82,22.01.8
1.&1.13.66.2
2.2.9°.4
1.6.S.1.4.1
1.41.02.4
* Based on census reports. * Less than 0.1 per cent.
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 79
600
500
300
200
IOO
HORSEPOWER HORSEPOWER EXCLUSIVE OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBILES
FIGUBB 1. Total horsepower of prime movers in tha United States, 1849-1923. (Table 1)
61750-28 6
DEVELOPMENT OP HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 81
(001=6681) X3QNI
SB Sid
6061
6681
6.881
6^.81
6961
6S9I
6*81
(001 = 6681)
82 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
FIGURE 4. Index numbers of horsepower of prime movers, 1849-W23, by types of priiafe movers.(Table 4-C)
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 83
II II
II
1I1
CO-t co
O) V)co co co
1
CO CO <0
i
\CO 0)CO
i1sS
p
O OJen CD o>
_o
84 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
_ "-
MANUFACTURES AND
MATERIALS
~~~ « **"
"MATERIALS"
--- *-^*"
^
"MANUFACTURES"
' - - 's*/
/
/
/
/
iiiililiic c
-"TRANSPORTATION" -"TRANSPORTATION" EX
OF PLEASURE AUTO
n <r i 0 <
-- -
x-^" ^*~"
I
CLUSIVE I MOBILES/f
1C \,'.
f
-
T) CO CO CT> O) 6> O) <0 t> S S ft CD O (N 5 <0 <O to CO 0) u) CD
1,300
I.ZOO
1,100. s
1,000 0
II 9'00 <T>
CO
800 O
700 gUJ
600 1D
500 zX
.4-00 ^
Z 300 -
ZOO '
100
0
FIGURE 6. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by special groups. (Table 6.) (See also flg. 7>
1*UKI 1*
1 "
|33
I
"HEAVY TRANSPORTATION" -"LIGHT TRANSPORTATION'
n I , ft "
~^**^*~
I
11 .
!/
/
/
x
1,300
i,aoo
1,100
1,000
900
800
700
600
500
4-OO
300
EOO
100
n
FIGURE 7. Horsepower of prime movers, 1849-1923, by special groups. (Table 0.) (See also flg. 6>
TT. 8. GEOLOGICAL 8UBVEY WATBR-flUPPLY PAPER B79 PLATE 1
MANUFACTURES INSTALLED PRIME MOVERS
MANUFACTURES(INCLUDING HORSEPOWER OF EQUIPMENT
DRIVEN BY PURCHASED POWER)
1923 V/////////////////////////////////777AMINES AND QUARRIES
(INCLUDING HORSEPOWER OF EQUIPMENTDRIVEN BY PURCHASED POWER)
1849 1859 1869 1879 1889 1899 1909 1919
SHIPS
Y///////////////////////////////////AY//////////////////////A
MINES AND QUARRIES INSTALLED PRIME MOVERS
1849
186918791889189919091919
^??#?#??#^^Y'//YS////'////'///Y^//////////^^^
V///////////////////////////////A
V///////////////////////////////////////A-AGRICULTURE
(INCLUDING HORSEPOWER OF EQUIPMENT DRIVEN BY PURCHASED POWER)
i 1
m.ELECTRIC CENTRAL STATIONS ELECTRIC RAILROADS
1889 1899 IS09
Y////////////////////////////////////////////Y////////////////////////////,
IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE1879 J889 1899 1909 1919
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 PER CENT
Steam engines Internal-corn- Water Electric motors and turbines bustion engines wheels driven by purchased
electric power
i' ' I~~ T~ n I I I I Windmills Work Equipment other 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 60 90 100 PER CENT or sails animals than electric motors
driven by purchased
HORSEPOWER OF PRIME MOVERS INSTALLED AND UTILIZED IN DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES, 184S-1923, BY TYPES OFPRIME MOVERS
Based on data in Table 5
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 85
1,000
goo
5*800 o
<n 700 o> 2V 6o°KId
!|J 500
D
2 AGO X Ui
§ 300
200
100
O
1 HORSEPOWER _...... HORSEPOWER EXCLU
OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBSIVE ILES
POPULATION
. --C.r/-
-\
iV_^.- -
F
f
HORSEPOWER...... HORSEPOWER EXCLUSIVE
OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBILES WAGE EARNERS
FIQXTEE 8. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners in United States, 1849-192&, (Tables 1,3, and 7.) (See also figs. 9,10)
86 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
I.9OO
HORSEPOWER
POPULATION
ELECTRIC RAILROADS
X
y/
/ x'
y/
r,.
j> <n o> 0) to» 0) O - N D 00 0) 0) 8)
700 Q"
O
600 ^
OD500 O
cc
S
300 2XIU
200 Qz
100
0
FIGURE 9. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners In United States, 1849-1923. (Tables 1, 3, and 7.) (See also flgs. 8,10)
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 87
-..
"~~~
. -
HORSEPOWER
- POPULATION
SHIPS
. ̂
/
MINES AND QUARRIES
~~* .-J-~Z\^
s
//f
/s~'~
\
70O
60O
500
400|
300 A
i 200 ̂
10ee.
lOOozDozXUlo z
300
200
too
o
400
300
-S200 oi 100
"MANUFACTURES" AND"MATERIALS"
MANUFACTURES"
HEAVY TRANSPORTATION"
"MATERIALS*
_ o o 9
W o o
FIGURE 10. Horsepower of prime movers, population, and wage earners in United States, 1849-1923. (Tables 1,3, and 7.) (See also figs. 8,9)
88 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
30O
200
IOO
0
7QO
6OO
500
4OO
300
200
too^ xO2 o
n 0)
1
ct 200UJ
g 1003 '
2 0 Xu.az
300
200
IOO
O
200
IOO
O
2OO
IOO
0a x0
,.
MANUFACTURES
» ! ' ~w~~* - ^
^
-"
PER INHABITANT PER INHABITANT, EXCLUSIVE
OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBILES
^ -
7
.
""""" S
.STEAM RAILROADS
i^ ^
^-^-^^
AGR CULTURE
"HEAVY TRANSPORTATION
-* -^-^"
^--
"MANUFACTURES"
x
S
-11-r
*^
/
n
^
,/
s
1 0> 0) 0) 0> 9> 0>C)<0 1O,1O N » 0> O -N
icocotococotnaio)
c^0
K§NES AND QUARRIES
^ - - - **~~~
+-~~
PER WAGE EARNER PER WAGE EARNER.EXCLUS1VE
OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBILES
^*
/ELECTRIC RAILROADS SHIPS
^- '7/
ELECTRIC CENTRAL STATIONS
^/
"MANUFACTURES"
"MATERIALS"
=~ «esZ.
"MATERIALS"
v
f1
/
,*''
/
^_
/
f
-
'
/
/
) 0>0> 0) 9) 01 0) 0>(0tn 10 ts a> ci O -M
) CO CO COCO 000) ClG)
zoo
IOO
0
70O
600
500
4OO
300
200
100
"o0°
<n01 CO
200 ^OJCQ
100 5
!OJQz
300
200
IOO
o
20O
!OO
0
200
IOO
0
FIGURE 11. Horsepower of prime movers Installed per inhabitant and per wage earner and atflized per wage earner in different activities and groups, 1849-1923. (Table 8)
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
2,00
0,00
0 h
orse
pow
er
1,60
0,00
0
O
1,00
0,00
0
O
600,
000
O
100,
000
FIQU
BX 1
2. T
otal
hor
sepo
wer
of p
rime
mov
ers,
1923
. (T
able
9)
92
C
O
(e 6l<&L)
'6681 'siaAom
amud jo aa^odasioq tu
ioi -gt ik
Jlooo2
ooo'ooi o
000*009 O
ooo'ooo'i OO
OO
'009'I
OOO'OOO'o
DEVELOPMENT OP HOKSEPOWER EQUIPMENT
HORSEPOWER PER SQUARE MILE
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 I£OO 1,400
Rhode Island Massachusetts New Jersey Connecticut New York Ohio Pennsylvania Maryjand Illinois Delaware Indiana Michigan Iowa Wisconsin W^st Virginia Missouri New Hampshire California Vejrmont Virginia Minnesota Nqrth Carolina Kentucky Rains as Oklahoma South Carolina Tennessee WAshinjgton Nebraska Maine Louisiana Georgia Alabama Florida Texas Mississippi Arkansas North Dakota South Dakota Oregon Colorado Idaho- Utah Montana Arizona Wyoming New Mexico Nevada United States Middle Atlantic N«tw England Eajst North Central South Atlantic Wast North Central Pacific EastSouth Central West South Centra! Mountain
Y//A/////'////.
~y77$////*////s////S///S'////////,S///s
%^////s*////.Y///Ss/S/SY///Js/Yf/sS/s.Y//Ssfy/s/rs///*ffff///f//f///'///////^/////
s/f./.f//<//'///Af/fs\
\fSS7sY/SS////*fyffsY//S.S//fj'/Y/yrs//s* TT*
f///SY///'///s
777^.y//sf///f/Y/j//_///ff/.ty/fsYf/Sf/s/.fff/sV//A//f/sY////f//s////Y///,'/f/jfy/ss/'fs/sff//sY//\'/fAYSr/S
Y//
//
A
\ffssf/YfjsfS////A,f/f//Yfs/s
?
'AA
Y///J*////'////*
'////Yf//./jff/s////////;
s/_///Y///./f//ss////Y/f/s*Y//A///j?/SJ>
///./A**AA
s/SfjSYYS/r//s/>
Y///.Sf//s
////Yff/sSf/f/
'////.////sf///S.Y//Y,/////\A
ff/^SSf/^fjff/SJ
/////f/S/S/^/J
"s/sh////J*//s/fff/sf//fj/////;
Mt
Sf/fsrf//sY/SS,
////Ss/ff/*////
P%>////,///f/////.Sf///
'////.f///j
Y///ff/Sj'/fs^
'////,S///J'////.
/$y;Y///,/ff/ssSf///ffi/£
^Sf^/1
f/s/sY///A
'///J////s*////Y/S/1\
'///s
s///////sY///*
Y///.f///jf///j
if///*
Y///.S///S
Y///.S///J
f////.
'////Y///t'////
//A'4
SSSYs
////s'////////s
3
^{g;4'//''/$* q Y/J
6 '//
FIGUBB 20. Horsepower of prime movers per square mile, 1923, by States and geographic | divisions. (Table 10.) Includes all prime movers except steam railroads and work animals i not on forms
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 99
illa
*» o5« sJi^jl! j|| l
Ifhoiffi ||^:|i||if|gtx8i|s]|||||i ;^^l*- «J w« v*
104 POWEfi CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
cDistri ct of Cdumbi a Rhode Island Massachusetts tNew Jersey '(Connecticut '
Ohio New York Delaware Maryland New Hampshire Indiana Illinois Michigan Vermont Maine Wisconsin West Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Alabama Virginia .Tennessee touisiana Washington Missouri Georgia Kentucky California Minnesota Iowa Mississippi Oregon Arkansas Kansas Florida Oklahoma Texas Colorado Nebraska Utah Montana Arizona Idaho Nevada North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming New Mexico
United StatesMiddle Atlantic / New England East North Central South Atlantic East South Central Pacific West North Central West South Central Mountains
HORSEPOWER PER SQUARE MILE 3 20 40 60 80 IOO 120 140 J6O 160 200 220 24O 26O 2£
//////y^yy/yy///.////////////'/////<//////////,/////;/////< //////w&y////,./////<///A
77%//////y////y////
1
yyyy/s' ;/////.y////y/y//y////Y////,w///y////y//// /////.Y//A
y/y//<r/y//y/////A
y////,W//Sy////y////yy/y/sy////,Y////Syy/y//y//AyA
'/////</////>
y////y////,y/////Y/////
yyyy/'/////y////;YA
6y/y/
yyy//y////y////fY////Sy////yy/y/
///A
Y/////Y////y////fy////f'//A
'/////y////y////'/////,
y/////y/y///y/y/y.'/////
Y////SW/Ay////
y///4"<y/$''/////
'////',y////,y////i
yy/yy/*/////<{//////
.531 :: 36?;
yyy//.y/yy/j
FIGUBE 27. Horsepower per square mile of prime movers utilized in manufactures, 1923. (Table 10)
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
400,
000 T
icrr
aepow
r
O
300,
000
9
200,
000
9 1
00,0
00
O 2
5,00
0
Q 1
FIQT
JBK
29. H
orse
pow
er o
f prim
e m
over
s util
ized
in a
gric
ultu
re, 1
923.
(Tab
le 1
4)
DEVELOPMENT OF HORSEPOWER EQUIPMENT 107
HORSEPOWER PER SQUARE MILE O 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 4O
IowaIllinoisIndiana
MissouriNorth DakotaConnecticutKansasNebraskaMarylandOklanomaPennsylvaniaMinnesotaNew YorkNew JerseyKentuckyWisconsinMichiganTennesseeSouth DakotaVirginiaWett VirginiaVermontSouth CarolinaArkansasGeorgiaMassachusettsNorth CarolinaMississippiLouisianaWashingtonAlabamaTexas .CaliforniaMaineColoradoMontanaIdahoOregonFloridaUtah .WyomingArizonaNew MexicoNevadaDelawareDist. of ColumbiaRhode IslandNew Hampshire
East North Central Middle Atlantic East South Central Wsst South Central South Atlantic New England Pacific Mountain
FIQTJEK ao.-rHorsepower per square mile of prime movers utilized in agriculture, 1923. (Table 10)
New
Yo
rkC
alif
orn
ia.
Ohi
oP
ennsy
lvania
Ma
ryla
nd
Vir
gin
iaM
inn
eso
taL
ou
isia
na
Ma
ssa
chu
sett
s.T
exas
Ore
gon
Flo
rid
aW
ashi
ngto
nM
ich
iga
nD
ela
wa
reG
sorg
taA
lab
am
aC
onnect
icut
Illin
ois
Main
e
»N
ort
h C
aro
lina
New
Je
rse
yR
hode
Is
lan
dW
isco
nsi
nM
issis
sip
pi
So
uth
Ca
rolin
aM
iss
ou
riN
ew H
am
psh
ire
Ken
tuck
yD
ist.of C
olum
bia
Tenness
ee
Ind
ian
aV
erm
on
tIo
wa
No
rth
Dakota
Nebra
ska
2O
4©
60
80
100
120
140
^ ^^^^^^^^^
7̂,^z
^yZ
YA
^y^j
Y^/
y/ffl
<y7/
/<W
//,Y
77//7
/y7/J
Yty
/
7/Y^.
W///^
y77/.W
Z/,W
^7Z
W//
////
//^^yZ
Y,
^T^.
VZ
Y.W
////
///,
?^^^^^^^^?
^%
^^^^^^^%
HO
RS
EP
OW
ER
" IN
T
HO
US
AN
DS
16
0 18
0 20
O
220
240
260
280
300
330
340
36O
38
O
400
420
440
460
480
Y//
/,Y
//////////////Y
//y//7///////,Y
/Zo
YZ
&Y
&Z
y///;
//YsY
,?Y
//'/
Y//A
Y//
//<
YY
7//
///,
m
Y///
Y//
;688
;599
^ZZZ
A
3575
I3O
5750
;509
FIGU
RE 3
3. H
orse
pow
er o
f prim
e m
over
s in
ship
s, 1
923.
(Tab
le 1
9)
Y//
AY
//Y
//
32 O
200
100
0
200
O O
H '00
0>
GOO 0
200
WlOO
cr
0 °
2200
D
Z IOO
O
X 200 LU
O
f 100
0
200
100
c a
ALLGOMI>
» "^
IODITIES
x^
^X^
'
/
*''
;O.L COMMODITIES
f̂ ^>
/---^
"M;
* *'
CTEF
^
1ALS
^= er"
/*
"""^
.- -
"M; >TEF IAL£
x^
yf
AG
f*~~
RICULTU
«*=*^^
RE
^L-
/
^
AGRiai LTUI ?E
x^
/,---
3 a> o ) oo at <n
*»5j
'MA*
yj*
iUFACTURES'
^
/\
£-
/̂s'
'^'
j
s'
^
4
,--*
MANUFACTURES"
^**^^/̂-"
i
&*
H"EA
&V
M R>
/'
OLR<
J
fi,-''
3ADS
//^/
,^'
/
V''J
<
-
>TEA VI R/
«tf£
JLRCJADS>t^» ,--"
^̂
MINES
^**
ANU
^
QUX
XX
KRIE
/
^
ss
.-
20O
icib
0
200
100^
o0 "
0) 4OOO)
co
30O
200 ̂a:Ul
100 m
2
Z 20O
100 X Ul
z 300-
200
100
a
HORSEPOWER OF PRIME MOVERS
WAGE EARNERS VOLUME OF PRODUCTION HORSEPOWER PER WA6E
EARNER PRODUCTION PER WAGE
EARNER
Ml
^~"
^ES AND QLW F?RIE
*«-"
s*~~
) O> g C ) CO 0* C
100
4. Horsepower of prime movers, number of wage earners, and Tolnme of production, 1889-1010, by spedal groups. (Table 21)
61760^-28 8 111
112 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
1,000
^s900
8 ^ 8000> o>CO 7.00
g 600
LJ ffi5 ,500
3 Z
4OO X hJ | 300
300
100
n
ACREAGE
HORSEPOWER '
HORSEPOWER EXCLUSIVE OF PLEASURE AUTOMOBILES
r^:_ ~ rtrr "^55--^f
i ii .i i i
i ii
i t1 S
s
_
\
\\
1
11 1
1 f
8
FIGURE 35. Total horsepower ot prime movers and acreage ot improved land, 1849-1923. (Table 22)
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER IN THE UNITED STATES AND PRODUCTION OF ELEC
TRICITY BY PUBLIC-UTILITY POWER PLANTS, 1919-1926
BY
A. H. HORTON
113
CONTENTSEag*
Developed water power-_-_____.__._____________________________ 115Potential water power_____________________________________________ . 115Production of electricity by public-utility power plants._______________ 118Tables...__________________________________________ 123
ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATB 2. Average daily production of electricity by public-utility powerplants in the United States, 1920-1926, by months...___. 118
FIGTJBB 30. Annual production of electricity by public-utility powerplants, 1902-1926..______._____,___________.. 119
37. Electric public-utility power companies, 1920-1926 ___.__ 120
TABLES
39. Developed water power in the United States, 1921,1924,1925,1926, and 1927, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more._____________-__-______--_--___._-_ 123
40. Potential water-power resources of the United States, 1924___ . 12841. Monthly production of electric power by public-utility power plants
in the United States, 1919-1926, in thousands of kilowatt-hours... __ 12942. Annual production of electricity by the use of wood for fuel, 1920-
1926, in kilowatt-hours.-_-__----________________________ 16743. Monthly consumption of fuels in generating electric power by public-
utility power plants in the United States, 1919-1926. ... .... 16744. Annual production of electricity by public-utility power plants in the
United States, 1919-1926-_---__------_-----........_....... 19845. Annual consumption of fuel in the production of electricity by public-
utility power plants in the United States, 1919-1926._. ., ___ 19846. Average consumption of coal per kilowatt-hour by public-utility
power plants in the United States, 1919-1926_-----______ 19847. Public-utility power companies in the United States and capacity of
generators January 1, 1920-1927 ----___---__--__.__.-____ 199 114
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER IN THE UNITED STATES AND MONTHLY PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY BY PUBLIC-UTILITY POWER PLANTS, 1919-1926
By A. H. HORTON
DEVELOPED WATER POWER*
During the period 1921-1927 the Geological Survey published, as memoranda to the press, mimeographed reports of the capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more in November, 1921, March, 1924, March, 1925, January 1, 1926, and January 1, 1927, and a report of the potential water power of the United States as determined in 1924. It is planned to continue the publication of the reports of capacity of water wheels on January 1 each year. In order to have a permanent record of the information in these reports, they are here republished in Table 39. The figures for Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina as previously published have been revised, owing to the erroneous allocation of Georgia plants to Alabama and to the transfer of plants in North Carolina from the manufacturing group to the public-utility group.
Most of the information in Table 39 has been obtained by the district engineers of the Geological Survey through correspondence or by personal visits to the power plants. The Census Bureau furnished information as to the amount of water power in manu factures for the South Atlantic States for some of the reports. The statistics of capacity of water wheels as previously published and as here republished are considered reliable and accurate, as practically all of them represent information taken from actual records of individual plants.
POTENTIAL WATER POWER
The first estimate of the amount of potential water power in the streams of the United States was prepared in 1908 by the Geological Survey and published in the report of the National Conservation Commission (60th Cong., 2d sess., S. Doc. 676) and in Water-Supply Paper 234. The figures of potential water power as published in these reports were revised and republished in 1912 by the Commis sioner of Corporations in a report on water-power development in
116
116 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
the United States and by the Department of Agriculture in 1916 in "Electric-power development in the United States" (64th Gong., 1st sess., S. Doc. 316). The revisions were due primarily to the use of different efficiencies of water wheels from those used by the Geological Survey. The estimates of potential water power in 1908 were made by dividing the streams of the United States into sections of different lengths, depending upon the slope of the channel. The flow of the streams was based on records of stream flow collected by the Geological Survey from 1888 to 1908, and the amount of fall was determined to a large extent from the Geological Survey's topo graphic maps. These base data were far from complete but were evidently used with excellent judgment and skill, as they have been used for all estimates of potential water power that have been published from 1908 to 1924. Without the records of stream flow that had been collected by the Geological Survey prior to 1908 it would have been impossible to prepare any reliable estimate of the country's water-power resources. The information then available as to the flow of streams, though relatively meager, was of ines timable value in contributing to the economical design of the water- power plants that were being constructed in this period of rapid development of water power. From the records of flow available and the fall determined from topographic maps or other sources, the potential water power of each stream was estimated, on the assump tions that water wheels would have a certain efficiency and that a certain percentage of the total fall could be utilized. The practica bility of development was not considered except that the potential power of those sections of streams which had very low slope and the development of which would for that reason be impracticable was not included.
The estimates of potential water power given in Table 40 were prepared by the Geological Survey in 1924. They were based largely on feasible water-power sites and therefore show the amounts of potential water power that can be developed when a market becomes available. The figures represent 24-hour power available 90 per cent and 50 per cent of the time at an over-all efficiency at the sites of 70 per cent. The estimates are somewhat larger than those for 1908. The difference is due in part to the inclusion in the 1924 figures of the United States share of the potential power of Niagara and St. Lawrence Rivers, neither of which was included in the 1908 report, and also to the availability of more extensive and accurate base data. In the period from 1908 to 1924 records of the flow of many streams were collected, many topographic maps completed, special river surveys made, and special investigations and studies made of the power possibilities of sections of the United States that were known
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER 117
to have extensive water-power resources. The most important of all these data are the records of stream flow. The fall of a stream can be determined at any time; on the other hand, years are required to obtain records of stream flow that will include years of low yield and years of high yield, and without such records water-power developments of any considerable magnitude can not be properly designed or financed.
The figures of potential water power in Table 40 can not be con sidered final, as future surveys and investigations will probably indicate additional feasible water-power sites and may also indicate changes in the potential power of present known sites. The develop ment of storage reservoirs will also affect the estimates of power available. It is believed, however, that there will be no radical change in these estimates of potential water power by further surveys or investigations.
The proportion of the total potential water power of the United States that has already been developed can not be stated with accuracy. The amount of potential water power is based on the flow available 90 per cent and 50 per cent of the time. The^ amount of developed water power, however, is expressed in terms of capacity of installed water wheels. The capacity of water wheels installed in a water- power plant depends on whether the plant is to be operated as a base-load or a peak-load plant, the use made of the power, the dis tribution of stream flow, the storage control available, and other factors. It is the general practice in the construction of water-power plants to install hydraulic machinery capable of utilizing stream flow far in excess of the minimum flow and much in excess of the flow available 90 per cent of the time. Water-power plants with storage control sometimes utilize a flow for peak loads which is several times greater than the average annual flow of the stream on which the power plant is situated. These conditions cause a wide variation in the relations between the total capacity of water-power plants and the potential water power of the United States available 90 per cent or 50 per cent of the time and preclude an accurate estimate of the pro portion of the country's water-power resources developed at present. From an investigation of the capacity of water wheels at fully devel oped water-power sites in different sections of the country and of the potential power available at the same sites it is estimated that on January 1, 1927, about one-seventh of the total potential power of the United States was developed. As the capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more was 11,721,000 horsepower on January 1, 1927, the total capacity of water wheels necessary to develop all the potential water power of the United States would be about 80,000,000 horsepower.
118 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY BY PUBLIC-UTILITYPOWER PLANTS
The Geological Survey hi 1919 began the publication of .reports of the monthly production of electric power and consumption of fuels by public-utility power plants. Reports have been published for the months of February, March, April, July, September, and October, 1919, and for January, 1920, and each subsequent month to date.
The monthly figures of output and fuel consumption are published in mimeographed reports about 30 days after the end of the latest month included in the report. Information for three months is included in each report; therefore the data for each month appear three times and are revised at each publication on the basis of reports received since the previous publication. Each company or plant has been requested to report the total amount of electricity gener ated, without deduction for station or other use. However, as many large companies, perhaps most of them, report only the amount of power that leaves their plants that is, the net output that practice has recently (August, 1927) been adopted by the Geological Survey for future reports.
The monthly figures of output and fuel consumption are based on reports of the operation of power plants submitted by companies in the United States that furnish electric power for public use. On January 1,1927, about 2,100 companies operating about 3,800 power plants were on the Geological Survey's list. Reports are received from plants representing about 95 per cent of the capacity of all the plants listed. The output of those plants which do not submit reports is estimated. The monthly figures as published therefore indicate the output of all plants.
Every concern producing electricity for public use, whether desig nated as a public utility or not, is included in the list of companies requested to submit reports. The inclusion of any company or plant in the list has of course no effect on the status of the company or plant as a public utility. The figures represent the output of central stations, municipal plants, electric-railway plants, plants operated by steam railroads generating electricity for traction, Bureau of Recla mation plants, and that part of the output of manufacturing plants which is sold for public use. The annual output of the central stations, municipal plants, and electric-railway plants includes over 98 per cent of the total. In 1926 the output of all the other types of plants was only 1% per cent of the total, and in the previous years of record this percentage was probably still less.
The figures of monthly output in Table 41 are revisions of the figures of monthly output previously published in the current monthly reports. The revisions are due for the most part to the receipt of additional reports since the monthly figures were last published.
IT. 8. GEOLOGICAL
220
SURVEY WATBE-SUPPPy PAPER 579 PLATE '2
TOTAL POWER
\
7
WATER POWER
* I1920 1921
§ >> 3
Tj 1-3
1922
B .0 I I1923 1924 1925
AVERAGE DAILY PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY BY PUBLIC-UTILITY POWER PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1920-1926, BY MONTHS1926
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER 119
The figures in the annual summaries that are published in mimeo graphed form a few months after the end of each year are based on the monthly figures given hi Table 41. The curves in Plate 2 show the average daily production of electricity by months from 1920 to 1926.
75
70
65
<£.O 45
r* 35
« 30 O
=s 25
Sir
FIQUBK 36. Annual production of electricity by public-utility power plants, 1902-1926. Open square, data from Census Bureau; black dot, from Geological Survey
The figures for the amount of electricity produced each year by the use of wood as fuel, shown in Table 42, are included in the figures of monthly output in Table 41.
Table 44 shows that the increase in the total output from 1919 to 1926 was nearly 100 per cent, indicating an average annual rate of growth during the seven-year period of 9.6 per cent compounded annually. The curves hi Figure 36 showing the total output and the
120 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
output by the use of water power and by the use of fuel for each year from 1919 to 1926 are based on reports of the Geological Survey, and the total output for each fifth year from 1902 to 1922 is based on the reports of the Census Bureau. The figures of output by the Geological Survey are comparable with those of the Census Bureau except that they include the output of the Bureau of Keclamation plants and the portion of the output of manufacturing companies that is sold for public use. The difference is negligible, as hi 1926 the output of these plants was less than 0.5 per cent of the totaL
VATTS
j i>
i0J,
5U. 20- 0
tf)z
MILLKP i
400O
ccUl CO 2 3.00CHD Z
9
~~~-~^.
^~~~ _
.OPERA!
^^
ING
&/
COMPAN
$
/¥
\FC
//i
~ _
/s
- -^I9ZO 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 I9Z6 192
FIGURE 37. Electric public-utility power companies, 1920-1928
The curves in Figure 37 apparently indicate rather marked changes in the number of companies and plants from 1920 to 1921. These changes are explained as follows: When the publication of these reports was started, early in 1919, the output of plants of all sizes was included. It was soon discovered that a large number of very small plants whose combined output was so small as to be negligible were so slow in making reports many of these small plants not being equipped with meters that the early publication of the monthly
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER 121
figures was prevented. An analysis of the output of plants having a capacity of 100 kilowatts or less showed that the output of such plants was less than 0.25 per cent of the total output. As a plant whose monthly output is 10,000 kilowatt-hours is considered equivar lent to a plant of 100 kilowatts, all plants whose monthly output was less than 10,000 kilowatt-hours were removed from the list of plants asked to report. The year 1920 was a period of adjustment in the preparation of these reports, as many plants were removed from the list after reports for a few months indicated that their output was below the limit. Many of these small plants were municipal plants, and as small municipalities generally have but one plant a municipal plant was necessarily counted as an operating company, and the removal of one of these plants also removed an operating company from the list. This adjustment in plants and companies during 1920 explains the reduction in the number of plants and companies in 1921 shown in Figure 37. Since 1921 there has not been much change in the number of plants, but there was a gradual reduction in the num ber of companies from 1921 to 1924 and a marked reduction since 1924. Part of the change in number of companies is due to the tak ing over of municipal plants by public-utility companies, thereby reducing the number of companies as well as of plants. There has also been during the last few years a rapid absorption of small operating companies by large public-utility companies.
The growth in the capacity of generators is comparable to that in total output, amounting from 1920 to 1927 to 9.9 per cent com pounded annually, while the increase in output for the same period was 9.6 per cent compounded annually. These figures apparently indicate that the increase in capacity is keeping but little ahead of the demand for electricity.
The total output in 1919 was about 39,000,000,000 kilowatt-hours; in 1926 the output was about 74,000,000,000 kilowatt-hours that is, the output was nearly doubled in the comparatively short period of seven years. It is a fact of special interest that the production of electricity by the use of water power has maintained its relative position throughout this period of tremendous development in the use of electricity. The water-power output from 1919 to 1926 has been one-thmj, or more of the total output each year, and it is believed that a season of heavy precipitation throughout the United States would increase the water-power output to 40 per cent or more of the total.
Probably one of the most significant facts brought out by the tables is the increase in the efficiency in the use of fuel in generating electricity as shown in Table 46. In 1919 it took 3.2 pounds of coal to generate a kilowatt-hour of electricity; this rate has declined steadily year by year, and in 1926-only 1.95 pounds was required.
122 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
In 1919 the consumption of a ton of coal generated 625 kilowatt- hours; in 1926 the corresponding figure was 1,025 kilowatt-hours an increase in output of 64 per cent. The total conservation of fuel by this improvement in utilization was enormous and is an excellent example of what can be accomplished by so-called small economies. If there had been no improvement from 1919 to 1926 the consump tion of coal would have been 100,000,000 tons more, which would have increased the fuel bill at least a third of a billion dollars.
The figures given above are of special significance btecause they are based on the operation of all plants and are therefore average results. At present a kilowatt-hour of electricity is generated in some plants with about 0.9 pound of coal, or less than half the average in 1926, and a mercury-vapor generating unit is now being built which is guaranteed to generate 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity with about 0.75 pound of coal. Nevertheless, the process of converting the potential energy of coal into power is still far from perfection, as even the mercury-vapor generating unit recovers only about 30 per cent of the heat units in the coal, 70 per cent being dissipated in making use of the 30 per cent. Hydroelectric units, on the other hand, recover over 90 per cent of the energy in the falling water that drives the water wheels of a power plant.
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER
TABLES
123
TABLE 39. Developed water power in the United States, 1921, 1924, Id25t 1926t 1927, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more
November. 1921
Division and State
United States.. .
Middle Atlantic
West South Central ______ ~
New England:
Middle Atlantic: New York. ________
Pennsylvania . ._,, .,......East North Central:
Ohio. ... ..... .. ... .... Indiana _ - _ . .Illinois ______ _____ -
Wisconsin ... West North Central:
North Dakota ...._.
Kansas . __ . _South Atlantic:
Delaware
Virginia .. ...West Virginia
Sooth Carolina
Florida.... ...............East South Central:
Kentucky.. __ .. _____
Alabama ........................Mississippi
West South Central: Arkansas.T-ni.iipiariftOklahoma i . T .,,
Mountain: Montana. . __ ...
Wyoming... . ....
New Mexico ....................
Utah .. .. .
Pacific:
Total
Number of plants
3,120
1,234 551 323 179 266 41 26
223 277
256 242 206 346
60 124
473 30 48
25 26 41 97
134
56 48
7 1 8
39 20
9 19 4
71 11 74 21 54
3
5 22 14 0
2 0 4
20
28 45
9 57 3 8
64 9
69 74
134
Capacity in horse
power
7,926,958
1, 310, 507 1,478,904
738,663 444,396
1,081,509 240,934
16,274 827, 101
1,788,670
449, 614 229,305 129,566 338,057 30,136
133,829
1,291,857 17,051
169,996
28,663 27,122 85,002
267,139 330,737
205,180 173,437 17,970
245 18,227 14,726 14,611
3,133 7,230
666 103,693 14,675
329,853 330,012 285,711
6,536
855 126,891 113,188
0
1,18$ 0
1,718 13,367
944,428 224,36$
7,560 91,648
799 38,760
106,096 13,450
454,356 185, 215
1, 149, 099
Public utility and municipal
Number of plants
1,323
246 215 192 112 128 25 12
173 220
71 59 59 32
5 20
164 10 41
17 13 15 81 66
35 32
5 0 5
25 10
0 6 0
35 6
31 16 32 2
115 9 0
0 4
26 41 9
28 g 8
51 7
62 52
106
Capacity in horse
power
6,200,380
583,130 1, 167, 539
542,889 360,625 799,767 228,380 12,615
806,472 1,699,063
156,549 112,865 72,651
157,605 3,510
79,950
993,601 8,883
165,055
24,236 21,236 73,591
228,353 195,473
145,247 169,614 17,670
0 6,050
12,036 10,008
0 2,120
0 76,551 8)410
126,205 321,230 262,495
2,736
115 125,865 102,400
0
720 / 0
1,718 10,077
342,480 222, 471
7,560 79,708
799 38,760
101,844 12,850
443,139 125,970
1, 129, 954
Manufacturing and miscellaneous
Number of plants
1,797
988 336 131 67
138 16 14 50 57
185 183 147 314
55 104
309 20
7
8 13 26 16 68
21 16
i 2 1 3
14 10
* 9 13 4
36 5
43 5
22 1
4 7 5 0
1 0 0
13
2 4 0
29 0 0
13 2
7 22 28
Capacity in horse
power
1,726,578
727,377 311,365 195,774 83,771
281,742 12,554 .3,759
20,629 89,607
293.065 116^440 56,915
180,452 26,626 53,879
298,256 8,168 4,941
4,427 5,886
11,411 38,786
135,264
59,933 3,823
300 245
12,177 2,690 4,603
3,133 5,110
666 27,142 6,265
203,648 8,762
23,216 3,800
740 1,026
10,788 0
469 0 0
3,290
1,940 1,897
0 11,940
0 0
4,252 600
11,217 59,245 19, 145
124 POWEE CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 39. Developed water power in the United States, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more Continued
March, 1924
Division and State
United States.- .
Middle Atlantic.....................
New England:
Middle Atlantic: New York....... .
East North Central: Ohio............... ..........
West North Central:
Sooth Atlantic:
Virginia.....^.... .... ..West VirginiaTI.................
South Carolina __ .. ...........
East South Central:
Alabama... ____ ... __ . ...
West South Central:
Mountain:
Colorado ____________
Utah............. .......
Pacific:
Total
Number of plants
3,211
1,228 607 342 183 261
48 27
226 289
251 242 206 347
59 123
625 34 48
24 20 41
106 151
58 49
7 1 8
40 20
9 19 4
09 It
70 22 64
3
5 2518 0
2 0 4
21
29 49 10 52
5 8
3d
14!
Capacity in horse power
9,086,958
1,387,364 1,731,881
829,854 459,736
1, 300, 578 340,984
16,727 880,783
2,139,051
473, 188 235,810 167,816 343,939 30,188
136,423
1,542,983 18,902
169,996
29,753 29,199 85,002
281, 618 404,282
211,850 177,280 17,970
245 18, 171 19,716 14,604
3,133 7,230
666 109,798
14,711 431,500 357, 510 368,994
7,036
1,256 128,465 211, 263
0
1,189 0
1,718 13,820
345,040 270, 918
7,886 87, 978
1,322 38,760
115,329 13,550
480,356 206,865
1,451,830
40,000 25,009 15,000
Public utility and municipal
lumber of plants
1,390
249 228 212 117 129 32 12
178 233
73 59 60 32
5 20
177 10 41
16 13 15 88 80
37 36
5 0 4
25 10
0 6 0
33 6
30 17 34
3
2 18 12 0
1 04 7
27 42
9 28
5 8
51 8
6352
11$
Capacity in horse
power
7, 348, 197
644,831 1,408,173
625,826 376,864
1, 045, 728 323, 816
12, 515 860, 937
2,049,507
171,223 112,240 114, 701 161, 977
3,285 81,405
1,234,4608,658
165, 055
24,486 25,489 73,591
242,052 260,208
151, 917 175,010
17, 670 0
6,050 16,316 9,901
0 2,120
0 82,656 8,446
246,400 348,750 350,320
7,036
352 127,439 196,025
0
720 0
1,718 10,077
343,100 269,021
7,560 77,880
1,322 38,760
110,344 12,950
469, 139 147,620
1,432,748
Manufacturing and miscellaneous
Number of plants
1,821
979 379 130 66
132 16 15 48 56
178 183 146 315
54 103
348 24
7
87
26 , 18
71
21 13 2 1 4
15 10
9 13 4
36 5
40 5
20 0
3 7 6 0
1 0 0
14
24 1
24 0 0
15 2
7 22 27
Capacity in horse
power
1,738,761^
742,533 323,708 204,028 82,872
254,850 17,168 4,212
19,846 89,544
301,965 123,570 53, 115
181,962 26,903 56,018
308,523 10,244 4,941
5,267 3,710
11,411 39,566
144,074
59,933 2,270
300 245
12,121 3,400 4,603
3,133 5,110
666 27,143 6,265
186,100 8>76&
18,674 0
004 1,026
15,238 0
460 0 0
8,743
1,940 1,897
326 10,098
0 0
4,985 600
11,217 69,245 19,082
1 Approximate.
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER 125
TABLE 39. Developed water power in the United States, 1921, 1924, 1985, 19&8, 1987, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more Continued
March, 1925
Division and State
United States.. ............
Middle Atlantic _ .................
East South Central.. ___ ...
Pacific .. ....... ............
New England:
Middle Atlantic: New York..... ....... ....
East North Central: Ohio............... .............Indiana _ . __________ ..Illinois _____ - ..............
West North Central:
'VTaKitAolra
Kansas ____ . ___ _ . ....South Atlantic:
District of Columbia ............Virginia.. _ . __ ...............West Virginia.
Florida....... ...... ...... ...East South Central:
West South Central
Louisiana.... ___ ... ___ ..Oklahoma..., ................Texas . ....
Mountain:
Utah.... ........... ..........
Pacific:
Oregon., < .............. California .................. a.
Alaska........ .. ..... ...Tin waif
Total
Number of plants
3,313:.. i .
1,230 611 346 194 319.
51 29
234 299
252 243 206 347
59 123
528 34 49
25 24 30in
156
62 49
7 1 9
45 21
9 19 4
70 11
104
95
5 27 19 0
4 0 4
21
30 48 10 56
6 8
66 10
72 79
148
..... ... |.
Capacity in horse
power
10,037,665
1,398,863 1,948,449
884,760 514, 753
1,594,254 391, 841 31,317
937,078 2,336,400
476,627 243,310 167,816 344,439 30,188
136,423
1,713,651 18,902
225,996
29,670 51,276 8ft, 679
304,520 412,715
262,786 177,280 19,970
245 19,171 20,837 14,464
3,133 7,230
666 117,869 14,711
534,600 507,215 399,744
9,086
1,256 166,347 224,238
0
15,549 0
1,948 13,820
360,040 298,837
7,886 90,536
1,455 49,360
115,329 13,635
660,693 244,227
1,531,480
40,000 , 25,000
16,000
Public utility and municipal
Number of plants
1,626
251 402
5 127 142 36 14
185 244
74 60 60 32
5 20
350 10 42
17 17 >5 92 84
40 36
5 0 5
30 11
0 6 0
34 6
34 22 37
3
2 21 13 0
3 04 7
28 44 9
30 6 8
51 9
66 57
121
Capacity in horse
power
8,287,332
656,270 1,624,316.
661,445 414,692
1,357,428 374,913 27,105
915,737 2,255,606
174,662 119,740 114, 701 162,477
3,285 81,405
1,404,603 8,658
221,055
24,486 47,711 69,759
255,348 264,141
185,664 175,010 19,670
0 7,050
17,437 9,861
0 2,120
0 90,727 8,446
379,600 482,215 385,670
8,650
352 165,381 209,000
0
15,080 0
1,948 10,077
358,100 297,887
7,560 77,696
1,455 49,360
110,344 13,335
549,746 193,462
1,512,398
Manufacturing and miscellaneous
Number of plants
1,687
979 209 121 67
177 15 15 49 95
178 183 146 315 54
103
178 24 7
8 7
16 19 72
22 '13 2 1 4
15 10
9 13 4
36 5
»70 *20
18 2
3 6 6 0
1 0 0
14
2 4 1
26 0 0
15 1
6 22 27
_
Capacity in horse
power
1,750,323
742,533 324,133 223,315 100,061 236,826
17,108 4,212
21,341 80,794
801,965 123,570 63,115
181,962 26,903 55,018
308,948 10,244 4,941
6,084 3,565
16,920 49,172
148,574
77,122 2,270
300 24S
12,121 8,400 4,603
3,133 6,110
666 57,143 6,265
155,000 26,000 14,074
f*
904 966
16,238 0
409 0 0
8,743
1,940 960 826
12,840
0 4,985
300
10,947 60.765 19,082
* Estimated.
126 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 39. Developed water power in the United States, 1921, 191&4, 1986, 1986, 1987, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more Continued
January 1, 1926
Division and State
United States ... .......
Middle Atlantic.. . _ .........
New England:
Massachusetts..... .............Rhode Island.. ............
Middle Atlantic: New York.... ..................
East North Central: Ohio..... _ . . .........
Dunols __ . ..........
West North Central:
Kansas _, , ,South Atlantic:
Delaware __ .. ______
District of Columbia.. ..........
West Virginia __ .. ............
Florida.;. ...... ......... ....East South Central:
West South Central:
Louisiana - ......OklahomaTexas __________ . .......
Mountain:
Wyoming ____ ' _ .
Arizona ............ .............U*ah... __ ....................Nevada ...... ..... ...........
Pacific: Washington. . Oregon _ . ___________California ___ . ___ ........
Alaska..
Porto Rico...... ....................
Total
Number of plants
3,355
1,217618 342 194 343
59 29
244 309
249 243 195 347
59 124
535 34 49
24 25 31
107 155
63 48
7 1 9
43 23
3 15 3
63 11
121 68 65 4
6 31 22 0
4 0 4
21
31 50 10 61
7 8
67 10
74 83
152
Capacity in horse power
11, 176, 596
1, 485, 218 1, 995, 289
978,561 524,562
1,702,024. 745, 303
31, 721 980,822
2,733,096
497,009 272,002 193, 157 344,439 30,188
148,423
1,750,391 18,902
225,996
29,490 56,476 94,202
352,204446,189
267,452 179, 175 20,560
245 19, 671 20,545 16, 914
1,16137, 875
970 138,640 21,119
538,289 514,428 440, 772 '
8,770
34,255 174, 175 536,873
0
15,550 0
1,948 14,223
376,040 319, 437 10,388 95,094 1,594
49,360 115,274 13,635
656,407 241,709
1,834,980
40,00032,224
« 15, 000
Public utility and municipal
Number of plants
1,680
259 398 225 140 164 44 19
189 242
76 61 65 32
5 20
346 10 42
17 17 1687 88
39 38
5 0 5
38 15
0 4 0
33 6
48 31 39
3
3 24 17 0
4 0 4
11
29 43
9 32
7 8
52 9
68 49
125
Capacity in horse
power
i 9, 397, 972
728,999 1,672,496
756, 370 425,063
1, 462, 926 728,481 29,016
959,531 2,636,090
193,870 138, 461 149, 501 162,477
3,285 81,405
1,442,783 8,658
221,055
27,406 52,666 77,277
301, 391 296,630
186,285 177,369 20,260
0 7,050
19, 742 14, 357
0 33,825
0 97,026 11,014
407,607 486,321 418,483
8,650
33,351 172,920 522, 210
0
15,550 0
1,948 11, 518
374, 100 316,335 10,062 84,456
1,594 49, 360
110,288 13,335
630,590 189,602
1,815,898
Manufacturing and miscellaneous
Number of plants
1,675
958 220 117 54
179 15 10 55 67
173 182 130 315
54 104
189 247
7 8
15 20 67
24 10 2 1 4 5 8
3 11 3
30 5
73 27 26
1
37 5 0
0 0 0
10
27 1
29 0 0
15 1
6 34 27
Capacity in horse
power
1,778,624
756, 219 322,793 223,191 99,499
239,098 16,822 2,705
21,291 97,006
303,139 133,541 43,656
181, 962 26,903 67,018
307,608 10,244 4,941
2,084 3,810
16,925 50,813
149,559
81, 167 1,806
300 245
12,621 803
2,557
1,161 4,050
970 41, 614 10, 105
130,682 28,107 22,289
120
904 1,255
14,663 0
0 0 0
2,705
1,940 3,102
326 10,638
0 0
4,985 300
25,817 52,107 19,082
Capacity in 1926; figures for 1926 not available.
DEVELOPED AND POTENTIAL WATER POWER 127
TABLE 39. Developed water power in the United States, 1921, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, as shown by capacity of water wheels in plants of 100 horsepower or more Continued u^jatu
January 1,1927
Division and State
United States.. -
Middle Atlantic........ . -
South Atlantic- ...................
Pacific _ ...... ____ . __ .......New England:
New Hampshire.:...............
Massachusetts. ________
Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey ___________Pennsylvania................ ......
East North Central: Ohio............................
IllinoisMichigan.. .....................
West North Central:
Missouri ........................North Dakota ..... ..........South Dakota.. ________Nebraska ____________Kansas..... _ ___ . . . .
South Atlantic: Delaware .......................
District of Columbia ............Virginia.... ....................West Virginia- __ . ___ ......North Carolina _________South Carolina..-...-. _ - __ -Georgia _____________Florida _____________
East South Central: Kentucky.... .................Tennessee. ___________Alabama. ...................Mississippi __ .... ....
West South Central: Arkansas.... . .
Oklahoma
Mountain: Montana ......................Idaho ______________Wyoming _ . ..................
New Mexico ...................
Utah..... .....................
Pacific: Washington ...................
California _____ ...... .....Alaska __Hawaii ...... __________Porto Kieo _____________
Total
Number of plants
3,3901,221
613 369 201 341 60 29
245 311
250 244 196 348
59 124
529
24 24 31
128 162
69 49
7 1 9
43 23
315 2
62 12
122 59 62 4
6 31 23 0
4 04
21
31 52 10 60
7 9
67 9
75 82
154
Capacity in horse
power
11, 720, 9831, 535, 468 2,055,853 1,009,915
532,894 1, 841, 197
867,638 32,333
1,030,224 2, 815, 461
525,509 277,252 200,157 353,939 30,188
148,423
1, 757, 355 18,902
279,596
30,320 56,156 94,202
355,261 473, 076
274,589 179,580 20,580
245 19, 671 21,335 16,914
1,161 37,875
1,350 138,046 91,279
542,618 571,428 448,670
8,770
34,255 174, 175 659,208
0
15,550 0
1,94814,835
376,040 320,097
10,480 95,554 3,808
59,360 153,435 13,450
656,722 241, 759
1,916,980 40,000
32,224 15,000
Public utility and " municipal
dumber of plants
1,565264 239 250 150 161 45 18
196 242
78 62 66 33 5
20
186 10 43
16 16 16
108 94
47. 40
5 0 5
38 15
0 4 0
32 7
47 32 36
3
3 24 18 0
4 0 4
10
2945 9
327 9
57 8
68 47
127
Capacity in horse
power
9, 961, 202779, 449
1, 757, 413 770,424 436,450
1, 600, 339 863,681 28,828
1, 010, 743 2, 713, 875
222,570 143,711 166,501 171,077
3,285 81,405
1, 474, 100 8,658
274,655
25,236 52,341 77,277
307,080 308,490
196,271 177,980 20,260
0 7,050
20,532 14,357
033,825
0 96,432 81, 174
410,556 543,321 426,381
8,650
33,351 172,920 657,410
0
15,550 0
1,948 11,330
374,100 317, 095
10,154 84,401
1,808 59,360
150,675 13,150
630,590 185,387
1,807,898
Manufacturing and miscellaneous
dumber of plants
1,825957 374 119
51 180
15 11 49 69
172 182 130 315 54
104
343 24 7
8 8
15 20 68
22 9 2 1 4 5 8
3 11 2
30 5
75 27 26
1
37 5 0
0 00
112 7 1
28 0 0
1017
3527
Capacity in horse
power
1,759,789756,010 298,441 239,491 06,444
240,858 3,967 3,505
19,481 101,586
302,030 133,541 43,656
181,962 26,903 67,018
283,255 10,244 4,941
5,084 3,815
16,92548,181
165,486
78,318 1,600
300 245
12,621 803
2,567
1,161 4,050 1,350
41, 614 10,105
132,062 26,107 22,289
120
904 1,255 1,798
0
0 00
3,505
1,940 3,002
326 11,153
0 0
2,760 300
26,132 56,372 10,082
* Two plants with total of about 140,000 horsepower considered manufacturing plants in previous reports allocated to public utilities in this report.
Capacity in 1925,* figures for 1927 not available.61750 28 r-9
128 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 40. Potential water-power resources of the United States, 1924
Division and State
United States... _ ....... __ .... ..............
Middle Atlantic-.... _ ...............................East North Central........ .............. ..............
South Atlantic ___ . __________ .............East South Central.. __________________West South Central ___________________
Pacific.. _ ... .. . ___ . _ .... ___ . _ .....
New England:
New Hampshire... _________________
Rhode Island _ .................................
Middle Atlantic:
East North Central: Ohio.. ... - _..._. ......................
West North Central:
South Atlantic:
Maryland and District of Columbia .......... ......Virginia.. --.. -_.. ... ... -.West Virginia- ____ - ________ .... .....
Florida... ..... ......... ................East South Central:
West South Central: Arkansas ___ _ . _ . ... ... ... _
Mountain:
Utah - .- ..-........... ...... ...........
Pacific:
Available 90 per cent of the time
Horsepower
34,818,000
998, 0004,317,000
737,000 871,000
2, 476, 000 1,011,000
434,000 10, 736, 000 13,238,000
536,000 186,000 80,000
106,000 25,000 65,000
4, 010, 000. 50,000
257,000
55,000 40,000
189,000 168,000 285,000
203,000 169,000 67,000 82,000 63,000
183,000 104,000
5,000 106,000 459,000 355,000 540,000 429,000 572,000 10,000
77,000 432,000 472,000 30,000
125,000 1,000
70,000 238,000
2, 580, 000 2, 122, 000
704,000 765,000 116, 000
2,759,000 1, 420, 000
300,000
4, 970, 000 3, 665, 000 4,603,000
1,000,000 100,000 19,000
Per cent
100.00
2.87 12.40 2.12 2.50 7.11 2.90 1.25
30.83 38.02
1.54 .53 .23 .31
.07 .19
11.52.14 .74
.16 .12
.54
.48
.82
.58
.49
.19
.23
.18
.53
.30
.01
.30 1.32 1.02 1.55 1.23 1.65 .03
.22 1.24 1.35 .09
.36
.00
.20
.69
7.32 6.10 2.02 2.20 .33
7.92 4.08 .86
14.27 10.53 13.22
Available 50 per cent of th& time
Horsepower
55, 030, 000
1,978,000 5,688,000 1,391,000 1,844,000 4, 464, 000 2,004,000
888,000 15, 513, 000 21, 260, 000
1,074,000 350,000 169,000 235,000 40,000
110,000
4,960,000 90,000
638,000
166,000 110,000 361,000 274,000 480,000
401,000 396,000 152,000 193,000 110,000 342,000 251,000
10,000 238,000 812,000 980,000 816,000 632,000 958,000 18,000
184,000 710,000
1,050,000 60,000
178,000 2,000
194,000 514,000
3, 700, 000 4, 032, 000 1, 182, 000 1,570,000
186,000 2,887,000 1,586,000
370,000
7, 871, 000 6,715,000 6, 674, 000
2,500,000 200,000 28,000
Percent
100.00
3.60 10.35 2.53 3.35an3.64 1.61
28. 10 38.63
1.95 .64 .31 .43 .07 .20
9.03 .16
1.16
.30
.20
.66
.50
.87
.73
.72
.27
.35
.20
.62
.46
.02
.43 1.48 1.78 1.48 .15
1.74 .03
.33 1.29 1.91 .11
.32
.00
.35
.94
6.72 7.33 2.15 2.85 .34
5.25 2.88 .67
14.30 12.20 12.13
41.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n t
hous
ands
of
kilo
wat
t-
hour
s
[No
prod
ucti
on i
n S
tate
s om
itte
d]
Tot
al,
1919
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
Wes
t S
outh
Cen
tral
....
.
New
Jer
sev
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Neb
rask
a ______
Kan
sas.
.
Feb
ru
ary
2, 97
5, 6
01
852,
869
A77
K
907 9
7^1
281,
217
126,
751
77,0
4418
0, 2
4633
3,33
4
18,7
547,
255
13, 6
01i
on
1Q
7
in cq
o
482,
974
75, 8
27
192,
094
56,0
24
149,
521
65,4
50
45,1
2968
, 175
41,5
042,
312
3,02
516
,242
30,8
86
Mar
ch
3, 13
8, 1
30
94Q
Sfl
^
716,
475
223,
317
9Q9
ftlf
i
83,4
5219
4 12
636
6, 5
92
1Q
Q
QA
7
ft77
18, 7
5313
1, 3
9519
447
52,3
53
511,
615
76,6
0930
9,43
9
198,
869
58,2
71
155,
774
80,6
08
47,9
6073
, 660
46,4
712,
400
3,77
317
, 372
31,6
81
Apri
l
3, 0
15, 2
66
237,
645
860,
213
680,
137
217,
570
278,
638
103,
961
70
Q
An
186,
216
371,
946
18, 5
787,
581
19, 6
691
99
Q
9Q
17,5
65
491,
321
7A
fi9O
292,
063
187,
267
55,4
9121
0, 2
4315
3, 5
7473
,562
50,4
6572
,383
40.6
632,
103
3,05
117
,122
31,7
83
July
3, 1
28, 5
41
ooc
7-10
QK
Q
1Q
A
692,
056
OQ
C
01
A
97, 0
74
9A1
AQ
ti
436,
100
17 8
478*
313
12,7
2412
5,64
220
,061
tiA.
19
1
488,
824
79, 6
979Q
fi
fifi
Q
208,
531
57,0
90m
S41
69, 1
49
48, 2
9576
,333
41, 3
692,
449
3,26
417
, 916
36,0
66
Sept
em
ber
3, 1
66, 0
30
249,
966
876,
078
71
9
SG1
245,
523
311,
240
QA
7
«4
,
ftl
91ft
176,
757
419,
602
IS
Old
.7
Q
7Q
12, 9
1019
Q
IfiQ
26,1
0854
,866
501,
841
GO
flA
A
285,
637
205,
534
57,5
7320
9,34
516
7, 2
6273
, 177
61. 4
7975
,560
45,8
662,
256
3,16
718
,940
38,2
55
Oct
ober
3, 4
39, 6
89
268,
732
955,
978
801
390
348,
849
96 4
0004
1fiA
IQfl
77
*;
412,
674
OA
JQ
O
8,78
414
,750
139,
594
24,5
2060
,652
551,
046
88,3
53
222,
997
66,0
3623
8,95
319
0,72
382
,681
64,7
3588
,451
47,9
892,
568
3,67
520
,760
42,5
58
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Sou
th A
tlan
tic:
Wes
t V
irgi
nia-
...
Flo
rida
.. .-
__...... _
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t S
outh
Cen
tral
:
Mou
ntai
n:
New
Mex
ico _
_ ..
..
Uta
h................
Paci
fic:
W
ashi
ngto
n. _
_ ..
.
Feb
ru
ary
5,55
1 ia
71 Q
18
f)
Q4
DC
ft
Q7
53,9
98«
7Q4
47, 7
75J.
9 Q
SQ
9O
AA
18, 7
9853
,414
4Q 4
9.4
5,1
15
6,33
114
,830
13,2
4743
, 336
69, 2
9141
,598
3,56
330
,420
1,47
317
,431
13, 1
353,
335
74,9
5032
, 630
225,
754
Mar
ch
14,2
6919
,331
9Q
O
O1
59, 7
0153
, 745
47 4
0444
^272
9,68
1
19, 1
31
5,39
3
6,69
714
, 876
13, 9
7947
, 900
78,7
5740
,170
3,77
531
,398
1,61
220
,018
15,4
632,
933
83,8
6732
, 872
249,
853
Ap
ril
11,8
0018
,457
35,8
37
52,8
3746
,963
38,4
988,
553
18,5
5948
,404
32, 0
714,
937
6,09
914
,582
13, 1
3845
, 121
78,6
7436
, 174
3,38
729
,384
1,53
516
, 431
17,4
343,
197
78, 7
3930
,787
262,
420
July
K
09R
16, 7
0719
,221
37,0
0267
, 922
52, 5
6046
, 129
41, 7
718,
673
19, 2
0941
,480
31, 1
795,
206
7,78
015
, 518
13, 9
8745
, 728
84,0
6851
,428
3,56
527
, 510
1,74
717
,492
12,4
053,
279
85, 3
1533
,463
317,
332
Sep
tem
ber
31, 9
3018
, 593
34, 7
6972
, 932
54,5
6942
, 252
41, 7
998,
958
16,3
4336
,787
31, 6
155,
019
7,36
715
, 748
13,4
5247
,643
62,0
2648
,638
3,71
628
,964
1,36
318
,111
11,8
022,
737
87, 0
3242
,009
290,
561
Oct
ober
29, 2
9020
, 543
44,6
6183
,588
60,2
9846
,905
47,4
9410
, 001
18,2
0542
,529
30,0
935,
573
8,13
717
, 353
15,1
0853
, 570
68,8
4841
, 397
4,13
632
,327
1,64
121
, 703
17,3
463,
377
95,7
3140
,453
276,
490
CO
130 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
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By
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uels
, 19
19
Uni
ted
Stat
es ..
...
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c:
Ohio
... . ....
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
1, 82
9, 6
21
175,
710
602,
906
570,
483
137,
778
137,
615
AA
749
76, 5
3236
, 662
47, 1
93 732,
309
173
101,
799
28,7
6742
,589
288,
271
75,6
6523
8, 9
70
189,
041
co
0,19
198,
899
97,2
8532
,916
26,8
2623
,993
37,2
072,
312
2,32
715
,494
29,6
19
1,83
2,44
6
158,
270
611,
879
586,
427
132,
596
141,
137
40,1
07
36, 8
9842
, 219 73
2 11
417
910
0,03
018
,405
37,4
69
288,
537
76, 4
1224
6,93
0
194,
937
54,6
1720
7,67
396
,125
33,0
75
15,2
2024
,964
2,40
02,
590
16, 4
1330
,458
1,70
9,70
0
145,
143
580,
883
542,
836
135,
223
38, 3
6478
, 417
29,6
2641
,348 93
1,89
818
7
16,8
3935
, 525
270,
644
76,6
4223
3, 5
97
183,
702
El
QC
ft
194,
109
88,3
6324
,682
7,26
123
,646
36,2
452,
103
1,73
116
,004
30, 8
70
1, 9
17, 8
11
183,
492
594,
358
580,
064
131,
428
151,
732
37,2
64"
82, 5
7330
, 339
126,
561
220
3,81
497
6li
ft 4
.7Q
19,8
2148
,182
276,
791
79, 5
4623
8,02
1
206,
153
54, 3
54
108,
402
27,6
37
11, 4
7724
,531
39, 1
322,
449
2,13
316
, 621
35,0
85
2,07
0,38
4
178,
354
620,
712
610,
241
157,
790
188,
797
4.7
Q9Q
83,8
8032
,192
150,
489
662
3,50
126
9in
n 19
125
, 617
48,1
84
280,
430
88,4
63O
KI
Q1
Q
203,
415
KA
Q
K7
194,
520
119,
802
37,6
47
28,2
9828
,568
in 0
07
2,25
62,
409
17,6
9037
, 572
2,24
9,96
3
189,
745
675,
290
678,
424
170,
031
205,
134
54,2
0693
,799
38, 5
7214
4,76
2
' 54
7
165
106,
363
24,1
7754
,827
313,
279
88,2
070
70
on
A
220,
400
62,5
9422
2,33
113
4, 8
1938
, 2^0
28,1
5530
,626
44,8
002,
568
2,84
719
,284
41, 7
51
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia.
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Okla
hom
a..... _
...
Uta
h................
Paci
fic:
18,4
3518
,094
17,2
5452
,600
7,14
93,
876
6.05
48,
582
18,7
949,
774
11,0
595,
115
6,25
214
, 130
13,0
8043
, 070 883
168
3,31
517
,279
1,41
613
, 464 0
137
4,17
14,
754
38,2
68
4 78
413
, 898
19,3
3118
,709
58,1
087,
426
4,01
06,
082
8,78
9
19,1
2710
,680
4,90
75,
393
6,62
514
, 876
13, 7
9647
, 616 888
257
3,60
317
, 144
1,55
613
,329 0
121
4,52
13,
759
33,9
39
4,65
511
,442
18,4
5716
, 539
59,3
967,
082
3,67
66,
200
7,77
6
18, 5
5510
, 405
4,47
74,
927
6,03
014
, 582
12,9
8944
,816 82
115
53,
249
14,3
651,
455
8,85
4 072
7
4,16
43,
539
33,6
45
5,22
516
, 378
19, 2
2119
, 336
66,5
237,
243
3,48
06,
595
7,73
1
19,2
059,
164
3,68
95,
206
7,69
215
, 518
13, 8
2645
, 537 848
1,21
93,
386
12,5
491,
603
10, 0
14 072
0
' 5,
434
4,32
311
6, 8
04
5,43
831
, 761
18, 5
9327
, 503
72, 3
468,
954
4,10
212
,007
8,09
3
16,3
4313
,299
13,2
685,
019
7,28
815
, 748
13, 2
6247
, 582 731
1,13
03,
577
15,5
271,
290
9,50
9 242
6
9,61
911
,985
128,
885
6,06
929
,222
20,5
4329
,024
82, 5
079,
823
4,94
713
, 959
9,04
0
18,2
0515
,326
15,1
025,
573
8,04
917
,353
14,8
9853
,499 77
01,
270
3,95
717
, 466
1,53
113
,095 2
481
11,
108
14,1
68M
9, 4
86
00
TAB
LE 41.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n
thou
sand
s of
kil
owat
t-
hour
s C
on
tin
ued
[No
prod
ucti
on i
n S
tate
s om
itted
] T
otal
, 19
20
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
........
.
New
Eng
land
-- ..
Mid
dle
Atl
an
tic .
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
-......-
S
outh
Atl
anti
c-.-
--. _
__ .
_E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al _
----
- _
Pac
ific
.... .
.............
....
New
Eng
land
:
Ver
mo
nt-
.... ...
....
....
.M
assa
chus
etts
.. .
.K
hode
Isl
and ______
Con
nect
icut
.. __ .
....
.M
iddl
e A
tlant
ic:
New
Yor
k ........
New
Jer
sey .
....
....
....
..Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia ...
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
..
Illi
nois
--... .
.....
Mic
higa
nW
isco
nsin
.... .
...
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: M
inn
eso
ta
Iow
a. .
_M
isso
uri
.---
.. ...........
Nor
th D
akot
a.. .
.... _
_ .
Sou
th D
akota
... .
......
..
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
D
elaw
are .
....
....
....
....
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a- .
. : .
Janu
ary
3, 8
22, 7
02
332,
401
1, 0
99, 4
6387
9, 0
8527
7, 0
3136
6, 7
6812
6,81
010
0,84
121
0, 9
1342
9, 3
90
30,8
879,
488
14, 7
6117
3, 0
8237
, 469
66, 7
14
617,
507
101,
801
380,
155
259,
927
80,9
4727
5, 4
9518
8,30
074
, 416
64, 1
1487
, 215
60, 0
572,
746
3,88
821
,362
37,6
49
6,80
731
,545
23.3
17
Feb
ruar
y
3,45
1,41
1
282,
105
980,
599
812,
624
250,
878
324,
003
113,
292
91, 3
4520
0,02
439
6,54
1
26, 6
518,
290
11, 4
7314
5,96
633
,035
56,6
90
549,
658
89, 2
3834
1, 7
03
237,
664
74, 7
5025
4,80
117
4, 6
4270
, 767
56,4
8679
, 757
56,8
532.
293
3,77
117
,999
33, 7
19
6,13
827
,224
20,7
63
Mar
ch
3, 7
03, 4
72
303,
166
1,06
0,29
687
0, 2
4725
8,90
234
1,80
612
3, 2
4597
,832
222,
950
426,
028
30, 3
627,
546
17, 8
6915
6, 4
6727
, 595
63,3
27
583,
300
95, 1
9138
1, 8
05
256,
029
77,5
7326
1, 2
6319
2, 5
0482
, 878
56,0
1884
,350
59, 1
112,
193
3,97
518
, 716
34, 5
39
6,26
321
, 670
21,3
56
Apri
l
3, 5
38, 6
5,2
286,
092
1, 0
14, 8
8081
9, 0
8924
4, 7
4332
0, 1
3212
2, 6
3192
,547
216,
949
421,
589
29,1
297,
992
16, 5
9515
3, 1
4524
, 269
54,9
62
569,
466
87,2
3735
8, 1
77
238,
345
74, 7
0224
9, 8
6816
7,47
388
,701
50,1
0279
,256
58, 9
901,
988
3,64
419
,630
31,
133
5,99
417
,473
20,0
17
May
3, 5
61, 3
19
278,
551
982,
976
826,
314
246,
543
314,
609
127,
842
92, 4
5922
1, 3
5547
0, 6
70
29, 8
797,
762
20,9
0714
3, 4
3220
,957
55,6
14
551,
409
85, 7
7734
5, 7
90
249,
859
70,7
9024
2, 0
3717
2, 3
8991
,239
46,8
9685
,796
55, 0
261,
855
3,78
920
,019
33, 1
62
5,73
315
,477
20,2
54
June
3, 5
26, 8
90
275,
514
996,
066
806,
490
242,
160
316,
055
121,
648
97,7
0522
0, 8
4145
0,41
1
28, 7
597,
698
17,2
3613
9, 6
6927
,807
54,3
45
559,
749
86,3
8534
9, 9
32
237,
626
73,2
2623
4, 5
7017
8, 9
8082
,088
51, 3
2479
, 816
52, 5
511,
942
3,89
019
, 919
32, 7
18
5,90
820
,446
20,0
87
July
3,58
4,53
1
269,
107
997,
776
806,
265
250,
701
326,
795
122,
788
100,
431
225,
298
485,
370
27, 4
267,
773
14,0
0713
2,82
331
, 872
55,2
06
570,
297
87, 0
2134
0,45
8
237,
220
75, 3
4423
2,58
817
7,83
683
,277
49, 7
7084
,703
52, 0
512,
131
3,87
120
,038
38, 1
37
6,09
926
,994
20,6
17
August
3,67
6,20
1
272,
367
1, 0
18, 8
1382
5,76
826
8, 4
8432
5, 6
2111
8, 7
7410
8, 6
2322
7, 2
6551
2, 4
87
29,2
487,
981
13, 7
4113
7, 7
7328
, 874
54, 7
50
571,
073
90,2
6635
7, 4
73
245,
385
78,^
6524
7, 5
2217
6,45
978
,237
59,3
6289
, 547
53, 5
762,
256
3,82
820
,161
39,7
54
6,33
425
,050
20,8
18
Sep
tem
ber
3, 5
93, 7
21
268,
589
1,00
7,33
980
3, 5
3627
3, 0
8633
0, 5
8712
0, 5
8410
9,42
321
4, 9
4346
5, 6
34
28,3
637,
717
15,3
4513
3, 5
1929
,629
54,0
16
563,
491
89,8
7435
3,97
4
239,
781
78,8
6123
9, 5
1316
9, 1
5176
,230
63,5
7087
, 634
56, 5
752,
361
3,89
820
, 469
38, 5
79
6,06
423
,868
20,3
21
Oct
ober
3, 7
08, 0
33
274,
672
1, 0
59, 0
2183
4, 5
5828
4, 3
3535
5, 6
6511
6, 6
5011
4, 1
6721
4, 6
6245
4, 2
03
29,7
637,
837
17, 4
5313
4, 9
9529
, 220
55,4
04
595,
421
92,6
0437
0,99
6
247,
193
83,0
4825
8, 2
6916
7, 2
4678
,802
69,7
3386
,075
61, 4
272,
599
4,31
221
,208
38,9
81
6,55
630
,527
21,5
52
Nov
embe
r
3, 6
62, 0
91
280,
290
1, 0
54, 6
0283
2, 1
6928
5, 1
2133
9,98
911
8, 3
7711
1,29
020
4, 7
5943
5, 4
94
31,0
358,
017
20,5
5814
2,60
022
,050
56,0
30
600,
017
91, 8
7036
2, 7
15
242,
634
82,2
9826
5, 0
2216
4,37
277
,843
66,0
9788
,815
60, 4
522,
867
4,34
821
,580
40,9
62
6,63
423
,220
22,0
86
Dec
embe
r
3, 7
25, 8
57
283,
858
1, 0
76, 6
8084
2, 2
2829
7, 4
4233
2, 2
7911
7,31
311
4,94
121
0, 0
2046
0,09
6
30, 9
248,
501
19,6
6314
6, 4
7520
,921
57,3
74
607,
654
98,6
6337
0, 3
63
238,
125
83,0
2328
1, 7
4316
3, 5
1275
, 825
69,8
4383
,802
71, 5
563,
028
4,80
026
,094
38, 3
19
7,04
519
,230
23,7
81
Yea
r
43,5
54,8
80
. 3, 4
06, 7
1212
, 348
, 510
9, 9
58, 3
733,
179
, 426
3, 9
94, 3
081,
449
, 054
1, 2
29, 6
042,
580
, 979
5, 4
07, 9
13
352,
426
96,6
0219
9,60
81,
739
, 946
333,
698
684,
432
6, 9
39, 0
421,
095
, 327
4,31
3,54
1
2, 9
29, 7
8893
2, 7
273,
042
, 691
2, 0
92, 8
6496
0,30
3
703,
315
1, 0
16, 7
6669
8, 2
2528
, 259
48, 0
1424
7, 1
9543
7,65
2
75, 5
7528
2, 7
2425
4,94
9
CO to o i o CD i Ul
Vir
gin
ia......... .
__
_.
W
est
Vir
gini
a ____
__
Nor
th C
arol
ina _
____
Sou
th C
arol
ina _
__
Flo
rida
________
__
Eas
t S
outh
Cen
tral
:
Ala
bam
a _
__
__
_
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Lou
isia
na _
_____
Okl
ahom
aT
exas
. .. _
______
_ ..
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
oW
yom
ing.
. .-
..
.
Uta
h..
...
....
....
....
....
Paci
fic:
44,2
6098
,526
24,3
6870
,511
55,5
7111
,863
23,4
5549
,267
48,2
405,
848
9,33
918
, 171
17,6
3555
,696
90,3
7349
,307
4,62
335
,635
1,08
312
,575
13,8
063,
511
108,
629
40,2
2828
0,53
3
40,7
2386
,236
19,8
3260
,400
51,4
0811
,279
21, 7
7543
,155
43,5
644,
798
8,47
916
,793
16.0
2850
,045
91, 1
7543
,734
4,17
131
,399
1,03
310
,489
14, 5
153,
508
98,0
0036
,971
261,
570
43,6
5497
,048
22,0
0364
,334
53,6
8511
,892
22,7
1146
.123
47, 7
595,
652
9,22
017
,889
16, 7
5353
,970
105,
767
43, 7
594,
178
33,0
681,
091
13, 2
5818
, 558
3,27
1
101,
813
40,2
0028
4, 0
15
41,8
0190
,857
21, 7
4961
,695
49,6
6010
,886
21,8
1248
,605
47, 1
735,
041
8,38
716
, 672
15,9
0951
, 579
100,
846
47,7
024,
114
31, 3
861
ISO
14, 1
1014
,725
2,87
7
98,4
0936
,999
286,
181
40,6
9394
,037
21,2
6757
,299
49, 4
5210
,398
21,8
0151
, 890
48,3
815,
770
8,53
318
,103
17,4
1948
,404
95, 7
5156
, 782
3,92
531
,539
1 9j
U.
15,4
3413
,961
2,71
9
97, 1
67
334,
435
39, 0
5794
,^08
21,4
3656
, 458
48,3
259,
931
21, 0
1351
,061
44,2
455,
329
10, 1
9717
,883
16,7
6652
,859
93, 2
1354
,469
4,09
332
,185
1,26
11
4
9
18,0
032,
625
92,2
0333
, 374
01
i C
Q4.
41,0
3894
,843
20,9
8756
,875
49, 0
1010
,331
21,0
4660
,924
45,3
605,
458
11,6
4815
, 035
17, 5
2166
,227
95,2
0957
, 135
0
QSf
i
32,9
291
^17
15,2
7117
,596
2,85
5
95,6
6338
,514
351,
193
43,0
6991
,830
20,2
6657
,592
60,3
9410
,278
22,6
2745
,963
45,0
025,
182
11, 2
2519
,248
18,3
8257
,768
99,4
2756
,274
3,22
832
,088
13,7
3118
, 724
2,48
3
98,5
4240
,003
373,
942
43, 9
5591
, 817
22, 5
9761
,289
50,3
3310
,343
'23,
709
46,2
0044
,937
5,73
8
10, 3
1819
,088
18,7
8461
,233
94,9
9050
,012
3,42
032
, 731
1,28
712
, 897
17,4
902,
116
99,0
9538
, 821
327,
718
47,5
2798
,534
23,3
0363
,729
53,0
3511
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nt
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4S
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38,3
635,
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19, 8
7664
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93,5
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25,2
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19,0
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85,6
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555,
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fi
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79Q
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flft
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572,
615
535,
065
65,6
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118,
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218,
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213,
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678,
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96, 7
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247
5, 5
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735
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y
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er,
1920
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
.... .
..
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c. .
Mou
ntai
n.. _ .
.
-...
Paci
fic _
__
__
__
__
. _ ..
New
Eng
land
:
Con
nect
icut
- __
, _ . .
..
1, 25
0, 2
59
78, 7
8928
0,62
710
1, 6
8192
,648
142,
168
73,2
48 423
177,
529
303,
146
29,3
104,
322
13,9
7521
,987 35
58,
840
1, 1
39, 7
52
64,4
3725
4,19
792
, 491
82,6
4713
4,38
267
, 312 633
171,
340
272,
413
. 25
,037
4,00
110
,435
16,2
48 436
8,28
0
1, 3
84, 7
64
104,
989
311,
752
124,
045
95,8
8414
5, 9
1974
,625 69
519
2,21
133
4,64
4
29,4
445,
227
17, 5
2534
,844 71
917
,230
1, 4
46, 0
50
114,
852
333,
370
143,
940
103,
076
139,
665
73,8
49 449
189,
458
347,
391
28,3
825,
837
16,4
5844
,265 62
819
,282
1, 4
79, 1
88
117,
561
323,
766
135,
800
108,
369
132,
079
80,9
72 560
194,
704
385,
387
29,4
595,
632
20,8
2942
,670 93
318
.038
1,38
3,35
9
101,
521
308,
969
122,
500
102,
232
129,
851
76,5
27 445
194,
896
346,
418
2M16
5,32
517
, 140
34,0
92 797
16.7
51
1, 3
61, 9
04
81,3
28O
AK
O
ftJ,
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&
t\f{
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20 603
199,
470
348,
979
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13, 8
1623
,401 41
612
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1, 3
51, 9
71
78, 3
1230
7,65
510
5, 1
9899
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242
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202,
062
359,
034
28,7
204,
782
13,2
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,428 25
810
.924
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5230
3,95
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98,3
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8, 3
6664
,895 62
119
0, 5
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6, 6
18
27, 5
934,
556
15, 1
1220
,491 19
99,
501
1,30
6,38
9
91,1
5430
3, 7
1610
4,83
598
, 112
135,
834
52, 4
52 805
187,
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331,
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29,1
894,
979
17,2
9625
,485 16
114
,044
1, 35
1, 9
01
107,
639
316,
112
111.
506
96, 7
9313
3, 1
7953
,278 78
217
6,29
635
6,30
6
30,5
445,
420
20,4
8235
,093 38
115
,719
1, 4
05, 1
45
115,
876
315,
179
120,
696
89, 1
0513
4, 7
0866
,300 82
417
0, 6
3239
1, 8
25
30,5
646,
233
19, 5
8639
,297 70
319
, 493
16, 1
49, 7
09
1,13
3,91
03,
664
, 601
1, 3
82, 3
121,
166
, 199
1, 6
28, 8
2082
5,70
37,
404
2, 2
47, 1
164,
093,
543
343,
719
60,9
4419
5,86
435
8,30
15,
986
169,
106
CO
C
O
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n th
ousa
nds
of k
ilow
att-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er, 1
920
Con
tinue
d
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Ohi
o _ --
-- . _
__
__
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia....-.
.--.
.-...
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: T
enne
ssee
Ala
bam
a.. _
. _ _
_ _
_W
est
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Okl
ahom
a ____ _
__
Tex
as _
_______
Mou
ntai
n:
Ari
zona
__
Janu
ary
235,
188
168
45,2
71
1,49
02,
943
14,8
3150
,309
32,1
08
27,9
5455
,527
5,92
547
790
91,
856
284
13,8
091,
776
. 15
,928
' 64
,531
44,8
75 965
39,4
4333
,805 13
221
7 74
89,7
7748
,974 15
212
,784 53
8,56
7
Feb
ruar
y
210,
639 12
843
,430
2,10
12
741
14, 1
4746
,288
27, 2
14
26,5
7249
,406
4,13
747
466
21,
396
335
16,4
632,
334
15,6
0455
,680
43,1
48 818
31, ,
664
35,6
4b 120
182
231
90,6
3543
,611 14
512
,082 57
6,88
3
Mar
ch
254,
692
150
56,9
10
3,22
23,
637
14,5
8863
, 415
39,1
83
32,7
5054
,423
5,13
71,
162
668
1,74
4
i4n
21,3
202,
101
17,2
4359
,175
44,9
151,
024
36,5
9038
,036 13
018
538
0
105,
252
43,4
54 171
12,6
50 698
Q
O
W?
Apr
il
277,
186 222
55,9
62
2,82
73,
982
13, 8
7470
,850
52,4
07
40,3
7451
,594
7,10
91,
487
582
1,93
0
273
30,2
572,
319
17,6
4257
,238
41, 0
74 861
87,2
9236
,557 99 51 29
9
100,
385
47, 5
75 169
13, 5
27 7610
,278
May
261,
484
221
62,0
61
2,89
03,
465
15,2
0259
, 937
54,3
06
38, 6
7659
,291
5,55
21,
412
987
2,44
1
183
16, 9
782,
391
17, 7
8953
,097
40,7
08 934
41, 1
3239
,840 10
714
331
0
95,2
4556
,657 17
915
,428 82
10,5
12
June
255,
486
125
53,3
58
2,14
83,
528
15,2
7755
,056
46,4
91
37,5
3156
,954
3,44
21,
633
1,30
21,
370
308
15,9
991,
982
17, 8
1952
,218
40,5
071,
019
40,6
6735
,860 91 44 31
0
92,7
1354
,344 16
617
,020 79
10,0
17
July
258,
052
137
47, 1
15
2,45
42,
701
15,5
2053
,930
46, 8
11
36,8
0056
,677
1,20
81,
627
1,36
11,
783
208
14,2
781,
568
17,4
3052
,419
41,2
401,
284
40,2
7836
,642 11
217
531
6
94,6
1057
,010 17
616
, 491 77
10,7
28
Aug
ust
254,
367 18
853
,100
2,13
52,
091
16, 3
1351
, 572
33, 0
87
33,9
5659
,763
1,55
61,
342
1,31
11,
561
217
18, 7
781,
849
16,7
9253
,043
42,2
691,
294
33,7
8431
,541 13
216
335
9
98, 8
2156
,149 19
116
,608 58
9,20
1
Sept
embe
r
251,
643
158
52,1
53
1,94
12,
129
16, 1
3648
, 135
29,8
63
34, 1
0656
,705
2,88
21,
372
1,34
81,
985
153
17, 9
761,
760
18, 9
7056
,536
41,7
441,
227
35,5
3429
,361 11
517
433
2
94,3
6949
,887 27
017
,610 60
8,79
3
Oct
ober
255,
225
151
48,3
40
1,25
11,
731
16, 1
3955
,256
30,4
58
36,6
0854
,071
3,15
51,
320
1,31
41,
744
132
11, 6
131,
337
19, 1
1958
,815
43,6
051,
313
36, 3
5116
, 101 11
320
149
1
92,8
6743
,384 20
919
, 192 73
8,62
9
Nov
embe
r
261,
077 i65
54, 8
70
2,32
52,
259
16,2
4855
, 958
34,7
16
33, 6
1657
, 372
1,77
91,
256
1,26
31,
507
^k
V1''
12, s
B,i,
m18
,601
57, 5
9341
,406
.1,
292
34, 6
0118
, 677 107
193
492
84,9
2842
, 061 21
816
, 512 78
7,41
7
Dec
embe
r
254,
584
254
60, 3
41
3,03
03,
623
16,3
8061
, 055
36, 6
08
31, 2
7450
,648
4,16
21,
000
830
1,19
1
Hfe
^ 4
60H
e'7
83
^t4
24
15,3
1752
,483
40,2
92 959
33,6
9832
,602 11
527
843
1
79,3
53 4
5, 8
72 225
14, 8
70 766,
603
Tot
al
3,02
9,62
32,
067
632,
911
27,8
1434
,830
184,
655
671,
761
463,
252
410,
117
662,
431
46,0
4414
,562
12,5
3720
,508
2,87
720
2,78
223
,406
208,
254
672,
828
505,
783
12,9
90
441,
034
384,
669
1,37
32,
006
4,02
5
1,11
8,90
558
8,97
82,
271
184,
674 82
810
6,52
7
CO ^ V o Q O
Uta
h..................
...
Nev
ada _
..
. ..
Paci
fic:
Cal
ifor
nia _
__
. .........
13,8
063,
416
103,
676
32,3
8316
7, 0
87
14,6
073,
420
94, 6
1228
,347
149,
454
18,6
463,
180
98,6
3132
, 407
203,
706
14,6
962,
803
95, 7
0731
, 529
220,
166
13,9
662,
646
94,8
1932
,042
258,
626
18,0
032,
564
90, 3
2231
, 677
224,
419
17,5
962,
782
92,3
1128
, 512
228,
156
18,7
232,
411
92,2
4525
,602
241,
287
17,4
892,
041
94,7
3028
, 982
192,
906
21,2
432,
402
100,
442
34,0
8919
6, 8
61
22,5
472,
535
96,0
3730
,927
229,
342
21,1
332,
600
100,
703
34, 4
7025
6, 6
52
212,
243
32,6
90
1, lk,
135
370,
867
2, 5
68, 5
41
By
the
use
of f
uels
, 19
20
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
.. .
...
New
Eng
land
. _
__
__
__
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al ..
......
..
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
........
..
Paci
fic ..
....
.. .
....
....
....
New
Eng
land
:
Rho
de I
slan
d __
__
_ ..
.
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
ew Y
ork .
............
...
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Ohi
o __
.... _
_ . _
....
Indi
ana .
..............
...
Illin
ois.
_..
....
....
....
...
Wis
cons
in ..
............
..W
est N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Iow
a ...................
..M
isso
uri ...............
..N
orth
Dak
ota _
_ . .
....
.So
uth
Dak
ota .
....
....
...
Neb
rask
a ...............
..K
ansa
s. _
_ ..
2, 5
72, 4
43
253,
612
818,
836
777,
404
184,
383
224,
600
53, 5
6210
0,41
833
,384
126,
244
1,57
76,
166
786
151,
095
37, 1
1467
, 874
382,
319
101,
633
334,
884
258,
437
78,0
0426
0,66
413
7,99
142
,308
36, 1
6031
,688
64,1
322,
746
3,41
120
,453
35.7
93
2,31
1,66
9
217,
668
726,
402
720,
133
168,
231
189,
621
45,9
8090
, 812
28,6
8412
4,12
8
1,61
44,
289
1,03
812
9, 7
1832
,699
48,4
10
339,
019
89, 1
1029
8,27
3
236,
563
72,0
0924
0,65
412
8,36
443
,553
29, 9
1430
, 351
52, 7
162,
293
3,29
717
,337
32.3
23
2,31
8,70
8
198,
177
748,
544
746,
202
163,
018
195,
887
47,6
2097
, 137
30, 7
3991
, 384 918
2,31
934
412
1, 6
2326
,876
46,0
97
328,
608
95,0
4132
4, 8
95
252,
807
73, 9
3624
6,67
512
9,08
943
,695
23,2
6829
,927
63,9
742,
193
2,81
318
,048
32,7
95
2,09
2,60
2
171,
240
681,
510
675,
149
141,
667
180,
467
48,7
8292
,098
27, 4
9174
,198 74
72,
155
137
108,
880
23,6
4135
,680
292,
280
87, 0
1530
2,21
5
235,
518
70,7
2023
5,99
496
,623
36,2
94
9,72
827
,662
51,8
811,
988
2,15
719
,048
29.2
03
2,08
2,13
1
160,
990
659,
210
690,
514
138,
184
182,
530
46,8
7091
,899
26,6
5185
,283 42
02,
130 78
100,
762
20,0
2437
,576
289,
925
85,5
5628
3,72
9
246,
969
67,3
2522
6,83
511
2,45
236
,933
8,22
026
,505
49,4
741,
855
2,37
719
,032
30.7
21
2, 1
43, 5
31
173,
993
687,
097
683,
990
139,
928
186,
204
45, 1
2197
,260
25,9
4510
3,99
3
343
2,37
3 9610
5, 5
7727
, 010
38,5
94
304,
263
86,2
6029
6,57
4
235,
478
69,6
9821
9,29
312
3,92
435
,597
13,7
9322
,862
49, 1
091,
942
2,25
718
,617
31.3
48
2,22
2,62
7
187,
779
692,
472
684,
849
151,
245
198,
367
46,8
6899
,828
25,8
2813
6,39
1
365
3,13
419
110
9,42
231
,456
43,2
02
312,
246
86,8
8429
3,34
3
234,
766
72,6
4321
7,06
812
3,90
636
,466
12,9
,70
28,0
2650
,843
2,13
12,
244
18,6
7736
.354
2,32
4,23
0
194,
056
711,
157
720,
570
168,
995
191,
379
63,4
4910
5,96
925
,203
163,
453
528
3,19
954
111
7, 3
4528
,616
43,8
26
316,
706
90,0
7830
4,37
3
243,
250
76,0
7423
1,20
912
4,88
746
,150
25,4
0629
,784
52,0
202,
256
2,48
618
,850
38, 1
93
2,30
4,69
4
191,
137
703,
385
705,
332
174,
688
192,
221
55,6
8910
8,80
224
,424
149,
016
770
3,16
123
311
3,02
829
,430
44,5
15
311,
848
89, 7
1630
1,82
1
237,
840
76,7
3222
3,37
712
1,01
646
,367
29,4
6430
,929
53, 6
932,
361
2,52
619
,211
36,6
94
2,40
1,64
4
183,
518
755,
305
729,
723
186,
223
219,
831
64,1
9811
3, 3
6226
,663
122,
821 57
42,
858
157
109,
510
29,0
5941
, 360
340,
196
92,4
5332
2,65
6
245,
942
81,3
1724
2, 1
3011
1,99
048
,344
33,2
2532
,004
58,2
722,
599
2,99
219
,894
37,2
37
2,31
0,19
0
172,
651
738,
490
720,
663
188,
328
206,
810
65,0
9911
0, 4
9828
,463
79,1
88 491
2,59
7 7610
7, 5
0721
,669
40, 3
11
338,
940
91, 7
0530
7, 8
45
240,
309
80,0
3924
8,77
410
8,41
443
,127
32,4
8131
,443
58,6
732,
867
3,09
2'2
0,31
739
,455
2, 3
20, 7
12
167,
982
761,
501
721,
532
208,
337
197,
571
51,0
1311
4, 1
1730
,388
68,2
71 360
2,26
8 7710
7, 1
7820
,218
37, 8
81
353,
070
98,4
09»
310,
022
235,
095
79,4
0026
5,36
310
2, 4
5739
, 217
3^,5
6933
,154
67,3
943,
028
3,80
025
,264
37,1
28
27,4
05,1
71
2,27
2,80
28,
683,
909
8,57
6,06
12,
013,
227
2, 3
65, 4
8862
3,25
11,
222,
200
333,
863
1,31
4,37
0
8,70
735
,658
3,75
41,
381
, 645
327,
712
515,
326
3,90
9,41
91,
093,
860
3, 6
80, 6
30
2,90
1,97
489
7,89
72,
858,
036
1, 4
21, 1
0349
7,05
1
293,
198
354,
335
652,
181
28,2
5933
,452
234,
658
417,
144
o CO
TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in
thou
sand
s of
kil
owat
t-
hours
Con
tinu
ed
[No
prod
ucti
on i
n S
tate
s om
itted
]
By
the
use
of fu
els,
192
0 C
onti
nued
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia..
....
. ...
....
....
Sout
h C
arol
ina _
__
__
Flo
rida..
.. .
....
.. _
..E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Ken
tuck
y _______
_
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Lou
isia
na
- ...
Tex
as.. ________
_M
ount
ain:
Uta
h..
....
....
....
....
...
Paci
fic:
W
ashi
ngto
n
Janu
ary
6,80
731
, 261
23,3
1730
, 451
96,7
508,
440
5,98
010
,696
10, 8
98
23,4
559,
824
14,4
355,
848
9,20
718
, 171
17, 4
1855
,622 59
633
34,
471
22,8
511,
030
4,00
8 0 95
4,95
37,
845
113,
446
Feb
ruar
y
6,13
826
,889
20,7
6324
,260
83,9
024,
228
4,72
08,
260
10,4
61
21, 7
7511
,491
7,91
64,
798
8,35
916
,793
15,8
4649
, 814 54
012
34,
026
19, 3
17 976
3,60
8 8 88
3,38
88,
624
112,
116
Mar
ch
6,26
321
,530
21,3
5622
,234
94,9
474,
760
5,15
98,
770
10,8
68
22,7
119,
533
9,72
45,
652
9,09
017
,889
16,5
6853
,590 51
530
54,
007
20,4
181,
032
4,35
9 12 91
3,28
27,
793
80,3
09
Apr
il
5,99
417
,200
20,0
1721
,544
88, 5
384,
107
4,45
78,
586
10,0
24
21, 8
1211
, 313
. 10
, 616
5,04
1
8,28
816
,672
15,8
5851
,280 51
112
73,
945
17,8
591,
113
3,83
2 30 74
2,70
25,
470
66,0
26
May 5,
733
15,2
9420
,254
23,7
1591
,646
3,47
84,
202
8,74
49,
464
21, 8
0110
,758
8,54
15,
770
8,42
618
,103
17,2
7648
,094 50
612
53,
746
16, 1
111,
162
4,92
2 6 73
2,34
87,
026
75,9
09
Jun
e
5,90
820
,138
20,0
8723
,058
92,4
263,
617
4,24
07,
818
8,91
2
21,0
1310
,394
8,38
55,
329
10, 1
0617
,883
16,7
2252
,549 50
012
53,
927
15,1
651,
182
4,97
5 0 71
1,88
16,
697
95, 4
15
July 6,09
926
, 786
20, 6
1726
, 760
93,2
753,
557
4,45
67,
770
9,04
7
21,0
4610
,646
8,71
85,
458
11,5
3615
,035
17,3
4655
,911 59
912
52,
810
16,4
381,
240
4,54
3 0 73
3,35
210
,002
123,
037
Aug
ust
6,33
424
,833
20,8
1824
,281
89,9
813,
474
4,54
98,
125
8,98
4
22,6
2712
, 179
13,4
615,
182
11,0
9319
,248
18, 2
1957
,409 60
612
53,
037
15,5
801,
252
4,53
0 1 72
6,29
714
,501
132,
655
Sept
embe
r
6,06
423
, 715
20,3
2125
, 979
90,0
573,
627
4,75
38,
589
9,11
6
23, 7
09.
10,6
6615
, 576
5,73
8
10,2
0319
,088
18,6
1060
,901 62
112
53,
150
15, 1
211,
227
4,10
4 1 75
4,36
59,
839
134,
812
Oct
ober
6,55
630
, 395
21,5
5235
,914
97, 1
974,
184
4,91
4Q
4sn
9,68
9
24,3
9411
,953
5,58
9
10,0
5919
,556
19, 6
7564
,072 68
612
53,
343
16, 1
871,
265
5,00
9 0 4S
2,87
98,
243
111,
699
Nov
embe
r
6,63
423
,026
22,0
6633
,356
93,3
583,
896
5,00
98,
918
10, 5
47
25,2
4111
,447
5,60
2
10,4
3019
,252
18,8
3061
,986 70
513
03,
386
18,3
481,
283
4,53
9 20 52
3,33
710
,897
64,9
54
Dec
embe
r
7,04
518
, 780
23, 7
81' 2
6, 5
2092
,898
4,08
64,
731-
8,09
911
, 631
26, 1
7611
,377
7,85
35,
607
10, 5
4020
,839
19, 4
5463
,284 72
611
84,
635
19, 2
171,
371
4,27
4 47
3,80
67,
739
56,7
26
Tot
al 75,5
7527
9,84
725
4,94
9
1, 1
04, 9
7551
,454
57, 1
7010
3,80
511
9, 6
41
275,
760
131,
581
icn O
Qfl
65,6
14
117,
337
211,
822
674,
512
7,11
11,
886
44,4
8321
2, 6
1214
,133
52, 7
01 78 859
42,5
9010
4,67
61,
167
, 104
CO
Tot
al,
1921
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c- ..
......
....
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c:
New
Yo
rk..
.. ..
........
..
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
Wes
t V
irgi
nia .. . ...
Flor
ida _
_ . _
__ ..
......
3, 5
37, 8
40
277,
104
1, 0
02, 6
7178
5, 5
7427
5, 5
3733
1, 9
0611
4, 0
7311
4,27
418
6, 5
5445
0, 1
47
33,1
60If
i Q
31
10,1
8514
1, 2
0220
,624
570,
397
87,2
4334
5, 0
31
222,
393
78, 3
9225
9, 1
9715
1, 4
737
4
11Q
65,4
0482
, 814
62, 1
982
fi
4
43.1
22,0
01o
c
7Qq
6,47
218
, 478
23,3
8547
,473
86,6
2230
,685
58, 6
5247
,239
12.8
99
3, 1
71, 7
36
253,
481
901,
436
708,
214
94
9
nfi4
306,
213
103,
973
100,
999
157,
209
398,
157
29,3
5913
, 051
a C
AO
129,
490
50,0
91
491,
302
76, 4
3533
3, 6
99
195,
596
72,5
2823
6,42
613
7, 2
1466
450
56,1
83"T
K
f\A
A
2,51
43,
876
19,3
49O
Q
OQ
C
5,68
619
Q4
4
21,1
1142
, 361
81, 7
7228
,303
56,3
0345
,562
12. 1
72
3, 3
98, 5
72
266,
007
QK
Q
1*
>0
774,
127
oeq
QA
O
11
9
flft
R
109,
994
168,
385
442,
322
31, 1
32If
i 1Q
4
11,2
1513
6, 9
0220
,286
50,2
78
518,
902
354,
957
213,
132
73,9
8925
0, 1
7115
6, 7
05Q
A
1O
A
84,7
04ce
QA
O
9
J&9
3 Q
OO
21,0
5830
,060
5,88
0H
OA
Q
91
QA
*\
44, 1
7889
,061
26,9
9957
, 719
48,4
5112
. 598
3, 2
39, 9
18
245,
563
884,
638
742,
559
246
424
308!
820
105,
568
136,
865
467,
841
24,1
0020
,885
1ft
ft4Q
mfi
44
18, 4
5748
,428
476,
345
73,3
4233
4, 9
51
204,
927
71,3
3322
8, 1
4315
6, 2
6981
,887
52, 7
6281
,554
56, 7
822,
056
3(W
»
20,3
60O
Q
AA
7
K
J.J.
A
1ft
Q
A3
21,5
3241
,655
87, 8
7025
,830
59, 6
714
4
91 S
11.6
44
3 26
4 44
41
*
248,
630
867,
631
oeo
ann
332,
700
106,
853
1ft
4
fi7Q
471,
333
26, 9
92
Q
Q
126,
855
19 9
7748
^ 37
1
468,
936
72, 1
0732
6, 5
88
198,
685
70 4
Q322
6, 7
6715
5, 0
2283
,225
54, 5
3082
, 040
58,6
052
AO
O
3Q
AH
20,7
5830
,736
SO
QJ.
1Q
3ftQ
91
Q&
H4
4 3
^7
99,8
459
7
°.4
4
62, 7
694
fi
43ft
11. 2
25
3, 2
46, 6
28
247,
607
845,
355
94Q
1A
*i
337,
536
OQ
31ft
1A
Q
QK
7
147
506
483,
795
26,6
111
ft
7Kfi
ft 4ft
p;12
0, 3
7431
, 621
49,7
28
461,
119
72,7
1131
1, 5
25
198,
334
70, 9
53
154,
842
75, 1
44
53,5
277c
7A
i
60, 7
79'
9
1 71
4 06
421
, 611
qt
A(\
r\
5 40
4oo
Q7n
21, 3
4243
, 621
94,1
23.2
8,07
563
,655
47, 2
7211
.074
Sty
jE
too
850,
026
720,
169
255,
843
qoi
oeo
inn
O^IQ
112
440
157,
070
25,9
0212
, 075
&Q
ft9
119,
816
no
anr\
AQ
O
1A
471
403
TO
1 10
305,
511
194,
165
fiQ
7
47
OO
A
QA
Q
1 H
R 7f
t4
69,7
45
57,8
8177
, 956
56,3
362,
501
491 1
22, 3
9334
,565
5R
O7
21, 3
1844
,842
00
QfJ
-t
67,1
0046
,605
11.2
28
3, 4
20, 2
16
260,
201
O
*>A
t
7fi9
W
1U
271,
515
339,
668
lAC
Q
/m
1 1
fi
3Qft
157,
043
514,
621
27, 6
7611
, 301
8Q
A1
126,
884
qi
OQ
Q
51, O
il
40
1
11
7
76,8
93O
OJ.
O
Q1
206,
014
75, 0
7024
4 54
416
1, 9
85*i±
aoR
79,5
8659
,899
2 Q
QO
4,37
6o
o
CQ
J.
37, 3
16
5 C
OO
25, 1
1021
444
45 1
1485
,939
31,6
8064
,104
AQ
K
KK
11.1
40
3, 3
77, 6
77O
fid
K
QiT
88J.
584
7 C
O
KA
Q
977
1 Q
S
342
404
115,
267
1 4
fi
^1 Q
476,
725
28,1
04Q
Q
Q
QC
O
19Q
Q
3fi
52,5
31
4Q1
117
77,7
2432
0, 7
43
one
QO
C
75,7
0324
2,83
81
fin
ft44
74
7Q
7
63,3
7085
,460
CO
OQ
Q
2 71
»
4,50
8O
O
CA
O
OQ
O
CO
5,69
029
,759
91
Q9
9
44, 0
8287
,429
00
QO
C
61, 8
6847
,583
11. 2
45
3, 5
78, 0
80
293,
386
968,
613
816,
722
OQ
A
79fi
363,
142
109,
022
116,
772
147,
359
472,
338
32,4
479,
429
8,57
61
49
Q
9^jq
qoo
56, 6
27
84, 8
2634ft
11
Q
80, 4
0226
2, 5
37m
KQ
Q
7Q
41 ^
69,2
238.
7 19
Q
63,4
092
Q1f
i
4K
QA
oo
"r
oe
39,7
30
6,34
831
, 614
21,8
3846
,109
98, 8
9131
,855
64,1
93
11.9
68
3, 6
45, 5
41
301,
567
1, 0
15, 3
8282
9,84
129
2, 1
3536
3, 1
4511
5,07
611
2,79
914
6, 9
2146
8, 6
75
32,9
0216
,061
9 O
QA
148,
756
35,8
68C
O
"TE
A
567,
991
89, 6
2035
7, 7
71
226,
999
81, 6
3827
6,22
916
8, 6
6376
,312
69, 5
13O
Q
oej.
65,2
283
044
4,58
322
,659
OQ
Q
ci
6,55
219
080
48,7
5299
,400
32,3
7076
,256
45,1
5912
. 860
315,
021
1, 1
01, 7
7386
8,05
030
0, 0
75
117,
718
154,
205
475,
223
32,6
6918
660
157,
775
60,9
23
618,
409
96, 9
4938
6, 4
15
231,
982
85, 4
5929
8,42
817
1, 4
9280
,699
71, 1
97
69,2
003
171
4,88
923
,719
7,14
61Q
<M
7
24,8
8450
,062
101,
809
29,6
3177
,409
47, 6
4114
,638
40, 9
75, 6
17
3, 2
14, 1
89
9, 2
28, 7
043,
207
, 360
4, 0
47, 5
79
1, 3
29, 3
211,
851
, 550
5, 6
28, 1
34
351,
054
171,
811
1, 6
03, 9
5934
4, 8
6363
0, 0
50
6, 1
70, 7
0696
0,22
54,
041
, 601
2, 5
20, 3
8290
5,61
72,
984
, 134
1, 9
01, 7
5291
6, 8
J9
733,
124
989,
209
722,
320
O1
A
QA
264,
729
415,
230
71, 1
2123
7,24
926
5, 4
1754
2,60
61,
102
, 183
348,
569
769,
699
566,
045
144.
691
d
o i-3 h-1 O 3 o CO
TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-198
6, i
n t
hous
ands
of
kilo
wat
t-
ho
urs
Con
tinu
ed
[No
prod
uctio
n in
Sta
tes
omitt
ed]
Tota
l, 19
21 C
ontin
ued
CO
0
0
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Lou
isia
na
Mou
ntai
n:
Uta
h
Paci
fic:
Janu
ary
25, 1
5444
,771
38, 9
205,
228
10,6
3219
, 776
19, 4
3464
,432
71, 1
5246
, 652
3,60
832
,622
1,37
110
, 372
18,1
292,
648
104,
192
41, 5
3130
4, 4
24
Feb
ruar
y
21, 8
2040
, 435
36, 6
755,
043
9,61
317
, 675
17,2
9456
, 417
54, 9
4540
,488
3,05
828
, 10
71,
261
9,94
116
,972
2,43
7
90,0
7136
,941
271,
145
Mar
ch
23,8
6344
,735
38, 9
255,
065
9,96
119
,469
18, 9
4761
, 617
56,4
5541
,992
3,08
530
,402
1,25
112
, 833
19, 8
192,
548
96, 2
6938
,965
307,
088
Apr
il
21,7
6042
, 351
36,5
434,
914
9,33
718
, 771
16,2
0957
, 324
42, 4
3836
, 050
2,92
629
,020
1,26
210
,030
12,5
322,
607
96,6
0437
, 655
333,
582
May
22, 2
5743
,643
36,0
434,
910
9,07
419
, 244
16,0
9360
,268
42,8
3648
,257
2,87
229
,328
1,28
310
, 478
7,75
43,
106
90,9
0036
, 763
343,
670
June
22,4
2835
,822
36, 0
774,
983
10, 4
1819
, 732
17,2
6361
,444
44, 4
6548
,022
2,83
026
,107
1,22
813
, 653
7,83
43,
367
92,4
4435
, 396
355,
955
July
22,8
4535
,725
36, 6
764,
987
10,9
4319
, 578
17,4
4064
,479
45, 2
7453
,623
2,83
329
,030
1,26
713
, 197
8,28
83,
558
95,2
3336
, 050
375,
674
Au
gu
st
23, 7
4638
,404
38, 7
215,
089
10, 9
5120
,220
17,9
0967
, 318
45, 7
4754
, 937
2,97
931
,063
1,32
89,
998
7,30
83,
683
100,
174
37, 7
4037
6, 7
07
Sept
embe
r
23,8
7238
,942
37, 8
405,
221
10, 5
7920
,041
18, 0
7466
, 573
46,0
6445
,279
3,10
730
, 526
1,35
310
, 895
6,31
22,
983
94, 0
3438
, 701
343,
990
Oct
ober
25, 5
6439
,648
38,3
275,
483
11, 2
2819
,685
18,8
0367
, 056
48, 7
7742
,123
3,40
331
, 741
1,35
611
,623
3,19
7
101,
041
41, 9
38
Nov
embe
r
25, 4
14
41,8
115,
520
10, 8
1919
,684
18, 4
5163
,845
48,5
06JQ
C
Qft
3,52
4?1
<U
fi
1,37
211
,043
4,67
43,
166
106,
178
42, 5
5131
9, 9
46
Dec
embe
r
Oft
A
A(\
43,1
6242
,753
5,36
3
10, 8
9721
, 216
18, 7
0164
, 387
49, 9
5149
, 136
3,63
033
,659
1,43
68,
371
4,79
03,
232
109,
522
44. 3
03
Tota
l
285,
163
4.C
Q
Qfi
Q
61,8
06
124,
452
235,
091
214,
618
755,
160
596,
610
KC
A
-14
0
37, 8
5536
2, 6
5115
,768
132,
434
119,
551
36,5
32
468,
534
3,98
2,93
8
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er, 1
921
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
. .
Pac
ific
.
New
Eng
land
: M
aine
.
1,35
0,46
4
110,
024
274,
418
114,
204
86,4
1014
6, 5
7168
,544 76
016
9,79
438
9,73
8
33.0
40
1,20
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9
92, 5
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9,57
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978
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142,
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62, 1
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134,
763
349,
799
29,2
35
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8,90
4
113,
096
251,
360
134,
190
97,2
4514
4,92
369
,049 65
714
5,54
639
2,83
9
30,8
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1,30
8,92
9
108,
916
223,
250
141,
422
109,
802
139,
317
65,0
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113,
834
406,
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23,8
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1,32
3,35
0
101,
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218,
936
137,
161
108,
787
148,
930
61,2
64 676
123,
783
421,
900
26,7
63
1, 2
16, 3
26
68,5
5918
9,45
311
7, 6
7999
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142,
086
41,5
56 537
127,
514
429,
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26.2
33
1,22
6,13
3
76,3
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510
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691
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138,
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46,9
56 728
135,
091
438,
819
25.3
89
1,20
4,03
9
69,4
7020
3,47
710
0,64
084
,670
142,
096
49,6
15 802
133,
406
419,
863
26.8
81
1,10
3,93
2
50,5
3818
7, 6
9610
5,06
388
,710
128,
343
40,9
28 652
122,
644
379,
358
23.9
30
1,14
0,52
6
59,4
8321
6,37
211
1,85
188
,344
126,
557
42,0
52 490
117,
851
377,
526
27.6
81
1,22
3,68
9
85,2
03
109,
659
85,0
6015
0,89
053
,482 67
511
6,88
536
1,93
6
30.3
00
1 199
047
102,
541
291,
898
121,
013
85,2
5515
9,28
461
,199 71
612
6,95
837
3, 1
83
31.9
73
14,9
70,4
08
1 03
8 69
32
7(ro
417
1,39
6,79
71,
103,
417
661,
862
7,87
41,
558,
069
4,74
1,23
5
336.
176
Ver
mon
t- _
_ _
......
..
Rho
de I
slan
d .............
Con
nect
icut
__
__
__
_M
iddl
e A
tlant
ic:
New
Yor
k ...
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Jer
sey.
.-.-
- ___
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Pen
nsyl
vani
a _______
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....
....
....
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ana .
................
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linoi
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ichi
gan ................
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isco
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__
__
...
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t N
orth
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tral
: M
inne
sota
_ ..
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a. ...
....
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isso
uri _
__
__
__
__
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h D
akot
a ...
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sas
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h A
tlan
tic:
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aryl
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__
__
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nia.
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t V
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th C
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rgia
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t So
uth
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ico .
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__
..
__
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tTta
h
Paci
fic:
14,5
7310
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35,4
25 713
16,1
76
223,
170
243
51,0
05
3,02
94,
154
11, 1
7060
,985
34,8
66
29,1
1850
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3,29
173
71,
157
1,71
2
275
21,7
062,
456
26, 7
8954
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40,1
391,
138 12
33,7
8234
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427
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8
70,4
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115
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6,72
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V)
29,1
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13,0
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186,
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52,4
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14,6
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24,8
5252
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54,3
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56
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157,
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34,5
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5
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58,
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839
, 726
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8551
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29,4
13
28,1
5549
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3,04
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4
233
9,24
71,
289
27,7
61fin
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73 966 10
28, 1
2321
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421
543
3
45,0
8654
,583 15
915
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6,94
97,
308
3,65
5
97,0
6927
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513
5,20
57,
153
10,3
75 282
3,59
3
156,
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983
15,4
9251
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29,2
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9
129
6,52
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330
7
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3226
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44 121
3,95
8
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32,9
22
1,64
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16,2
3358
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32,7
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29,7
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781
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423
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3
100
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382
022
,732
58,5
0238
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4 1027
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120
237
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4441
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810
, 728 66
8,75
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139
3,17
3
95,5
6227
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611
12,8
039,
201
24,7
46 197
7,95
6
212,
033
140
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26
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54,
162
16,2
4756
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28,9
75
25,8
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9
194
14, 1
051,
764
27,0
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5
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6043
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8,36
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8
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4723
1,13
3
14,9
429,
798
29,9
36 622
15,2
70
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566
244
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318
15,9
8464
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31,3
65
26,5
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2,18
255
41,
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1,07
0
260
17,3
282,
739
25,2
4272
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40, 1
95 965 10
31,3
3329
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215
243
2
49, 1
7449
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914
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5,60
94,
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3,20
1
107,
225
33,9
0223
2,05
6
139,
333
108,
699
317,
551
5,62
313
1,31
1
2,20
3,56
42,
047
546,
806
31,0
5645
,392
182,
899
685,
353
452,
097
388,
342
362
4,47
4 o
41,2
38
M11
,498
H
16, 6
34
X21
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4
2,89
3 O
189,
691
223
,774
^
292,
993
O71
6,68
7 "
473,
549
i_
,10
,459
B
128
g36
1, 7
72
j29
9,96
2 g
1,43
8 O
2,34
3 3
4,09
3 J|
588,
780
546,
896
1,95
117
0,81
383
893
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119,
532
36,1
39
1,13
9,90
937
4,06
53,
227,
261
H-i
CO
CO
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in
thou
sand
s of
kilo
wat
t-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
By t
he u
se o
f fu
els,
192
1
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es _
___
_
New
Eng
land
.. _______
Mid
dle A
tlanti
c- .
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al.-
-- _
-.
Mou
ntai
n. ..
....
Paci
fic _
__
. _
......
..
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Oh
io .................
..
Illi
nois
----
.-.
- _
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Kan
sas .
....
.. . .
.... .
Janu
ary
2, 1
87, 3
76
167,
080
728,
253
671,
370
189,
127
185,
334
45,5
2911
3, 5
1426
,760
60,4
09 120
2,35
8 8810
5, 7
7719
, 911
38,8
26
347,
227
87,0
0029
4,02
6
219,
364
74,2
3824
8,02
790
,488
39,2
53
36,2
8632
,419
58,9
072,
896
3,69
420
,844
34,0
81
Febr
uary
1,96
9,66
7
160,
907
661,
863
606,
125
163,
630
164,
154
41, 8
2510
0,35
922
,446
48,3
58 124
2,12
0 010
0,30
621
, 346
37,0
11
304,
361
76,2
2628
1,27
6
192,
557
68,7
1622
1,80
087
,886
35,1
66
32,1
0929
,029
50.5
232,
514
3,23
818
,324
27,8
93
Mar
ch
2,04
9,66
8
152,
911
701,
762
639,
937
156,
663
173,
197
43,5
3910
9, 3
3722
,839
49,4
83 234
1,64
6 5099
,063
19,6
3532
,283
323,
939
79,0
4829
8,77
5
209,
712
69,4
8723
3,65
491
,660
35,4
24
23,0
7429
,762
50,6
332,
482
2,70
719
,615
28,3
90
Apr
il
1, 9
30, 9
89
136,
647
661,
388
601,
137
136,
622
169,
503
40,4
9910
1, 1
0023
,031
61,0
62 247
1,70
6 1985
,710
17,8
5531
, 110
306,
530
73,1
2728
1,73
1
201,
374
66,9
9121
2, 7
6091
, 918
28,0
94
8,62
828
,000
50,7
972,
056
2,24
118
,903
25,9
97
May
1, 9
41, 0
94
146,
717
648,
695
596,
941
143,
815
183,
770
^45,
589
104,
003
22, 1
3149
,433 22
91,
882 3
92,0
0519
, 155
33,4
43
302,
438
71,8
9927
4,35
8
195,
817
65,7
6721
1,10
494
,462
29,7
91
11,0
4627
, 677
53,0
062,
033
2,31
119
,281
28,4
61
June
2, 03
0, 30
2
179,
048
655,
902
609,
640
149,
896
195,
450
57,7
5410
8,32
019
,992
54,3
00 378
3,06
826
110
1,40
731
,320
42,6
14
309,
793
72,5
8027
3, 5
29
196,
659
67, 3
7321
2, 9
1410
2,60
630
,088
12,6
4227
,349
55,6
472,
171
2,95
319
,996
29,1
38
July
2, 0
48, 9
89
164,
649
653,
941
618,
343
164,
580
192,
370
53,2
7711
1,71
221
,979
68,1
38 513
2,52
248
094
,660
26,0
3640
,438
313,
833
72,9
8226
7,12
6
192,
648
67,3
2921
6, 0
4110
5,85
036
,475
23,3
6828
,270
53,4
062,
501
3,46
720
,748
32,8
20
Aug
ust
2, 2
16, 1
77
190,
731
688,
824
661,
869
186,
845
197,
572
56,3
4511
5, 5
9623
,637
94,7
58 795
2,74
643
910
7, 7
8934
,002
44,9
60
327,
494
76,7
6528
4,56
5
204,
445
72, 5
5222
8,85
911
0, 5
3045
,483
35,6
0730
,466
56,8
542,
982
3,52
522
,029
35,3
82
Sept
embe
r
2,27
3,74
5
214,
059
701,
888
654,
445
188,
488
214,
061
64,9
4711
4,61
523
, 875
97,3
67
4,17
43,
694
1,79
911
8, 9
6136
,493
48,9
38
334,
431
77, 6
1728
9,84
0
203,
864
72,7
2022
7,34
610
8,89
241
,623
34,1
4231
, 132
57,4
312,
718
3,61
021
,932
37,5
23
Oct
ober
2,43
7,55
4
233,
903
752,
241
704,
871
202,
382
236,
585
66,9
7011
6,28
229
,508
94,8
12
4,76
63,
760
566
128,
881
43, 2
6152
,669
360,
295
84,7
4930
7, 1
97
221,
186
77,4
3524
6,30
411
3,29
246
,654
39, 5
2132
,204
63,0
322,
916
3,78
022
, 302
38,6
27
Nov
embe
r
2, 4
21, 8
52
216,
364
755,
483
720,
182
207,
075
212,
255
61,5
9411
2, 1
2430
, 036
106,
739
2,60
23,
258 29
124,
010
35, 6
7150
,794
355,
958
89,4
8031
0, 0
45
223,
584
77,4
7625
9, 9
8211
1,80
347
,337
43, 6
7033
,319
63,8
283,
044
3,90
521
,484
37.8
25
Dec
embe
r
2, 4
97, 7
96
212,
480
809,
875
747,
047
214,
820
213,
283
56, 6
1911
4,48
527
,247
102,
040
696
3,71
8 1912
7,83
934
, 555
45,6
53
380,
843
96,7
05
228,
116
80,1
4128
2,44
410
7,01
2
44,6
8935
,108
67,0
183,
171
4,33
522
,637
37.8
62
Tot
al
26, 0
05, 2
09
2, 1
75, 4
968,
420
, 115
7, 8
31, 9
072,
103
, 943
2, 3
37, 5
3463
4,38
71,
321
, 447
293,
481
886,
899
14, 8
7832
, 478
3,75
31,
286,
408
958,
178
3,49
4,79
5
2,48
9,32
686
0,22
5
1, 2
16, 3
9946
4,72
2
344,
782
364,
735
681,
082
31,4
8439
,766
248,
095
393.
999
Sou
th A
tlant
ic:
Wes
t V
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....
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--
Mou
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Mon
tana
________
Uta
h.....................
Paci
fic:
6,47
218
,203
23,3
851
25.7
6T84
,166
3,89
64,
584
7,10
011
, 761
25,1
4210
,089
. 4,
170
5,22
8
10,5
2819
,776
19,1
5664
,054 66
814
03,
417
17, 5
1S1,
301
3,65
0 4 62
2,96
16,
436
51,0
12
5,68
612
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; 21
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19,9
3779
,395
3,45
14,
228
6,34
811
,289
21,8
0810
, 112
4,86
25,
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9,51
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, 675
17,0
3956
,128 61
519
02,
908
14,2
711,
207
3,21
0 1 44
2,77
14,
297
41,2
90
5,88
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21,9
6521
,452
86,5
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538
4,37
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807
11,7
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23,8
5110
, 752
3,87
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9,86
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18,6
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221
2,91
314
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1,18
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2,57
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42,5
42
5,44
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21,5
3221
,232
85, 6
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231
4,68
46,
181
10, 8
76
21,7
489,
930
3,90
74,
914
9,24
318
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16,0
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,053 55
622
12,
749
14, 3
131,
190
3,96
6 0 36
2,28
24
220
54,5
60
5.39
412
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21,9
6022
,649
97,2
833,
212
3,34
16,
443
10,4
97
22,2
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792
8,64
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910
9,01
419
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15,8
2859
, 917 56
640
22,
702
13,5
581,
210
3,66
8 0 25
2,17
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449
43,8
07
K 40
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21,3
4229
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92,2
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3,87
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137
10,1
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22,4
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20,2
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983
10,2
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17, 1
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, 101 563
226
2,69
311
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1,15
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786 0 25
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5,52
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3,87
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23,7
3610
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17,2
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66,8
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1,24
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81,1
94
5,69
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20,0
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66,2
66 687
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2,96
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1,28
43,
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4,60
212
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80,0
77
6,34
831
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21,8
3840
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98,0
719,
123
5,69
111
,690
11,3
34
25,5
5412
,091
23,8
425,
483
11,0
9519
,685
18,6
8366
,819 73
333
93,
245
21,0
131,
290
2,86
4 0 24
5,47
914
,585
74, 7
48
6,55
218
,886
22,7
1634
,647
97,6
365,
319
4,82
39,
723
11,9
53
25,4
0411
,322
19,3
485,
520
10,6
4619
,684
18,3
2463
,470 74
613
13,
370
21,7
881,
298
2,67
5 0 28
4,42
213
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88,8
13
7,14
619
,087
24,8
8432
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99,0
704,
389
4,85
47,
446
13, 6
73
26,4
3011
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12,8
975,
363
10,7
6521
, 216
18, 5
4963
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711
63,
441
18, 7
381,
368
2,76
2 14 31
2,29
710
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89,3
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71, 1
2123
4,35
626
5,41
735
2,91
51,
078,
409
55,5
7653
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«2,4
9613
4,23
2
285,
035
128,
197
159,
349
61,8
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123,
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235,
091
212,
276
751,
067
7,83
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35,9
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1, 8
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3^ 3
14 19 393
36, 7
5394
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755,
677
Tot
al,
1922
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
Mid
dle
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c... ... _
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3,80
7,13
1
321,
349
1,08
4,55
785
5,61
929
9,09
638
0,77
312
0,60
611
9,09
715
7,60
746
8.42
7
3,46
3,29
2
286,
169
977,
534
789,
259
266,
321
350,
970
107,
841
104,
582
155,
453
425.
163
3,81
8,78
4
310,
330
1,07
4,45
688
8,38
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1,26
239
0,96
011
8,48
411
2,38
217
9,98
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8.55
0
3,59
2,76
6
270,
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991,
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839,
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267,
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356,
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112,
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106,
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185,
273
463.
738
3,81
8,69
5
279,
582
1,03
8,45
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9,03
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9, 6
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8,72
412
3,38
311
3, 7
6320
6,02
453
0.07
1
3,83
2,62
0
281,
869
1,02
9,16
786
5,10
228
3,24
938
1, 1
5112
2,65
311
6,90
721
0,14
354
2.37
9
3,86
6,05
6
286,
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1,03
1,98
386
1,29
229
0,78
837
9, 2
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9,86
412
2,10
621
3,89
756
0.80
3
4,06
9,08
5
301,
951
1,07
2,60
990
8,46
130
9,48
742
4,90
312
5,36
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7,99
621
6, 7
9758
1. 5
12
4,04
2,15
6
303,
292
1,08
9,33
392
0,11
630
1,80
941
5,48
613
5,05
713
0,30
620
9,25
763
7.60
0
4,32
8,66
0
343,
235
1, 1
73, 5
2699
7,57
732
5,66
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0,06
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3,93
513
5, 2
4920
9,64
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9. 7
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4,40
8,43
7
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1,20
8,57
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460,
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134,
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213,
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4,60
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1,29
0,59
41,
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336,
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471,
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150,
836
139,
309
232,
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47, 6
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3, 7
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10, 8
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568,
462
4,85
0,75
71,
534,
786
1,46
3,02
62,
389,
941
6.17
8.13
2
142 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
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1922
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Uni
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1,29
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1, 5
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ates
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WA
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.
1,29
4,25
0
85,2
0427
5, 1
2210
2,07
676
,771
159,
081
68,8
16 731
129,
585
397,
864
31,1
3310
, 275
9,68
125
,595 35
78,
163
227,
151 15
447
,817
3,09
84,
874
15,0
4552
, 571
26.4
88
1, 2
18, 2
51
83,1
5326
3,59
093
,509
66,0
2715
4, 4
2064
,630 61
313
0, 1
7736
2,33
2
27,3
859,
622
9,17
523
,983 54
212
.446
213,
732
194
49,6
64
3,28
54,
743
13,9
5046
,916
24.5
15
1, 4
65, 2
59
121,
148
291,
618
136,
998
OK
O
il
174,
595
70,8
56 725
154,
444
418,
931
32,6
0719
,119
10,9
6538
,156 85
319
,448
234,
904
224
56,4
90
3,99
85,
978
15,3
2863
,427
48.2
67
1,48
4,67
4
117,
921
288
482
144,
692
109,
338
159,
357
67,1
65 672
162,
193
434,
854
27, 5
2015
,905
12,5
2241
,932 93
810
1f
l4
233,
376
219
54,8
87
3,77
05,
251
13,2
6265
, 135
67.2
84
1,64
2,66
5
123,
526
319,
462
154,
603
119,
174
174,
749
73,9
35 679
182,
422
494.
115
31,0
8320
,320
10,0
4141
,910 84
019
,332
260,
495
208
58,7
59
3,86
96,
542
15,8
5366
,036
62.3
03
1,58
5,22
8
119,
294
299,
494
135,
454
104,
528
170,
604
67,9
52 530
185,
307
502,
065
30,6
7718
,811
10,8
4740
,069 57
918
,311
242,
493
189
56,8
12
2,74
05,
266
16,3
9457
,496
53.5
68
1, 5
51, 7
26
112,
097
292,
065
125,
444
100,
997
166,
302
56,2
22 558
188,
726
509,
315
31, 3
3018
,909
10,5
4035
,815 58
414
Q
1Q
243,
487
181
48,3
97
2,83
63,
505
16,9
9256
,945
45.1
66
1,48
8,55
8
101,
883
290,
543
109,
831
86,6
8016
6,48
247
,480 48
119
0,90
349
4,27
5
34,3
0811
,494
29J3
69 394
12,9
94
257,
663
135
32,7
45
1,42
62,
445
17,5
5052
,723
35.6
87
1,35
0,52
4
93,9
2428
2,44
011
3, 6
6971
,264
147,
386
39,0
54 417
181,
273
421,
097
33,4
449,
809
13,5
4425
,050 58
211
,495
251,
191 17
031
,079
1,61
92,
201
17,4
5454
,381
38.0
14
1,34
7,23
3
91,8
5427
8, 1
0611
1, 5
7969
,360
158,
343
35,8
06 385
177,
242
424,
558
36, 1
3510
,292
13,3
8422
,526 33
59,
182
266,
971
120
21,0
15
1,35
62,
578
17,0
2157
,942
32.6
82
1, 3
61, 3
52
88,0
9728
0,67
612
1,89
481
,293
153,
624
28,6
52 452
179,
017
437,
647
35,3
6710
,358
11, 5
2723
,134 34
67,
365
263,
056 93
17, 5
27 930
2,80
316
,856
60,6
7440
.631
1, 4
16, 8
59
72,3
7428
9, 6
9411
3,52
166
,671
165,
255
59,9
08 438
194,
454
454,
544
34,9
197,
632
10,0
5113
,608 31
85,
946
267,
299
116
22,2
79
2,01
03,
077
16, 1
3257
, 876
34,4
26
17,2
06,5
79
1,21
0,47
53,
451,
292
1, 4
63, 1
701,
048,
047
1,94
0,19
867
9, 3
766,
681
2,05
5,74
35,
351,
597
385,
908
162,
446
135,
601
361,
147
6,66
815
8,70
5
2,95
1,81
82,
003
497,
471
30,9
3749
,263
191,
827
692,
122
499,
021
TABL
E 41.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n th
ousa
nds
of k
ilow
att-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er, 1
922
Con
tinue
d
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Wes
t Vir
gin
ia..
.. . .
Sout
h C
arol
ina _
__
__
Flo
rida
..- - .
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Texas.
. .-
-. _
- .
_ ..
Mou
ntai
n:
Utah...
Nev
ada.
. __
__
..
. _Pa
cific
:
Janu
ary
20,4
2151
,240
2,35
8 051
41,
220
1,01
8
243
17, 7
022,
404
OK A
m72
,145
40,4
58 722 10
31,1
9236
,614 14
415
543
2
55,3
5947
,503 15
414
,762 62
4,59
33,
931
3,22
1
107,
821
35,4
1425
4,62
9
Febr
uary
15, 1
6945
,470
2,31
6 046
81,
238
1,36
6
298
19,8
482,
582
91
Q7S
67,3
0341
, 752 65
9 1027
, 747
36,7
73 127 97 389
63.6
5041
,976 13
4 -
12,7
65 525,
208
3,46
52,
927
90,0
4731
,925
240,
360
Mar
ch
28,0
1056
,041
6,84
7 01,
300
1,39
72,
349
383
27,2
302,
904
25,5
9571
,380
46,4
86 617 8
29,5
7141
, 277 13
622
036
9
80,7
9044
,199 11
813
,846 65
8,63
03,
426
3,37
0
92,4
6334
,889
291,
579
Apr
il
42,7
9454
,346
6,64
3 01,
817
1,41
32,
325
317
22,7
812,
843
23,6
0065
,788
43,4
25 603 8
26,7
5240
,405 12
019
735
5
81, 7
0349
,390 14
914
,82<
i53
8,53
84,
262
3,27
0
95,2
6732
,590
306,
997
May 47,6
6863
,076
2,91
3 01,
691
1,47
62,
350
289
26,2
063,
287
33,7
4462
, 157
48,5
35 531 8
30,8
6943
,058 13
416
637
9
85,7
1059
,925 11
715
,647 73
10,8
526,
776
3,32
2
102,
712
32,5
9635
8,80
7
Jun
e
36,8
5262
, 116
1,35
8 095
01,
643
1,60
9
241
23, 0
142,
712
31, 5
7765
,106
47,2
47 707 8
29,9
8637
,958 12
925
314
8
82,9
6961
, 615 11
215
,224 83
11,5
3010
,808
2,96
6
100,
882
31,6
5036
9,53
3
July
32,5
3861
,905
1,77
6 083
11,
755
2,19
2
280
22,4
132,
252
28,5
4465
,619
46,3
43 851 8
29,1
1027
,104 15
622
018
2
82,4
3957
, 525 12
115
,704 72
12,3
6717
,558
2,94
0
104,
842
29,1
6037
5, 3
13
Aug
ust
27,4
8054
,257
1,08
6 097
21,
737
1,14
8
171
13,8
021,
357
32,9
3768
,201
49, 1
26)
888 8
30,8
1716
,655 16
3 99 219
83,9
2156
,176 13
816
, 971 50
12,1
8018
,348
3,11
9
109,
062
26,8
4735
8,36
6
Sept
embe
r
23,5
7444
,816 96 0
794
1,29
169
3
110
9,20
3SQ
"i
33, 8
7657
,403
44,9
35 964 8
27,7
0611
, 340 141 68 208
80,8
6353
,335 14
914
, 517 45
11,1
8617
,963
3,21
5
98,1
8123
,690
299,
226
Oct
ober
21,1
8845
, 372 97 0
794
1,29
661
3
118
11,4
07 694
69,0
0746
,584 93
3 824
,004
11,7
94 138 38 209
88,2
6044
,123 13
513
,248 45
9,02
918
,964
3,43
8
96,2
9825
,501
302,
759
Nov
embe
r
27, 6
1349
, 385 64
6 083
31,
448
1,36
8 9811
,418 38
829
,977
64,1
5036
, 693 90
0 818
,370
10, 2
74 123
121
-208
90,8
3045
,540 15
512
,319 40
6,11
220
,668
3,35
3
108,
010
29,5
5130
0,08
6
Dec
embe
r
19, 1
7341
, 919
3,11
4 061
493
291
9
151
17,9
991,
704
86, 1
7237
,458 73
8 836
,198
23,7
02 138
113
187
100,
239
53,0
32 152
13, 3
13 584,
983
19,3
333,
344
103,
741
31,4
6031
9,34
3
Tot
al
342,
480
629,
943
29,2
50 011
, 578
16,8
4617
,950
2,69
922
3, 0
2324
,022
337,
868
814,
431
529,
042
9,11
3
100
342,
322
336,
954
1,64
91,
747
3,28
5
976,
733
614,
339
1,63
417
3,14
469
810
5,20
814
5,50
238
,485
1,20
9,32
636
5,27
33,
776
, 998
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY 145
> co r-i TH ic W TH ® O CD THos IOOOOINTH o»Hfr-THI«T-I o 101-1 oo »o THOt-co
E c THCO ooor-1Q THTHO OOCMTHia
CO TH TH * CO 1< CO »-t *-*
T-4 T-i Th O3 ̂ Thrf «Di-t E> m t^» co to in CT O oo
TH COS*«CO TH
CO
CMOOOTH IO COcooot-
fc4"oo" oo^co^oo"31O CO COTHl-l
i-lCOOOOOOT-li-ii
«O N go cpii t £3 O 53 w Cl O i-H C» )-H < STHTH uSooS
S T-I *O TH O t- t- O tO CO ^>O9cocM S t-go oo t-F-cIrlTHCO C» TH N CO ri TH I
t-00 T-I CO TH CO t-. THCOOO (NTH
ioc5ocoCO CO CO 1O
THOOTHOOCO THSJOOCOS I-ICOCOCOTH OOtHTHC
THr-iCO N COTH
r-r w'oTco'cOTH'c rHto "Ocooo
1 co 531-1 IN a3 y-4 CO O3 1O £ f 1O W CDt- CD
CO ^ CO CM O C^ MS 0> TH CO CO ^ Op O( C@ TH j
?O t> TH O3 to ^ t- JS^J^iS 5'3 ^ ns
5 CO 00 TH OO E 00 cS THOOi-lr-ICOn >Q > to t CO TH u$ t> Ou CM CO CM O CO TH O TH CO C
h t- OO CO TH TH t- TH t- TH
SSSSS 3SOO9TH1CU TH TH C CO CO COC
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t-» ^ CO n OQ <JP W ffi C£ *** yH ^co O& CR cs co w *<o joo*oo<p
TH t* ̂ W
N" 8fS"e
t- to w i-i o co o c
oTt-Tco'crcr cToTT
>THO SJSS 005 5coS t-SSS<
2^5 M<QOi-iC i CM TH cot us c
3COt-CO 00 COt
ICO TH CO THas 10^10onTco I
- 3TH-*! TH Tf CM O TH 00 CM SPtOOlpr-lOTHOt-
ofmt-gjOTH COCO CO i-i
5 CO S S 005U5CMCOTH 1OOOTH -CSOt-t- COCOTH
1OTHCOO9IN CN OS TH CM O CO t-
tn>s&&t<iestt£ei cM"of efco'TH ccTofig' co1TH~co'g«fio" 5 i 35 S 35 <? o CM co NCOTH SSooS sat-iocSTH
efi-l Th IO CO to t
cp OT co u^^!S!^5S %SS^I t'^ T~<
11 ss§ Eg o Q
11
3-3- ^g-os ||1
S I
TAB
LE 41.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
erpu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n t
hous
ands
of
kilo
wat
t-
hour
s C
onti
nued
[No
prod
uctio
n in
Sta
tes
omitt
ed]
By
the
use
of f
uels
, 19
22 C
ontin
ued
P
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Mou
ntai
n:
Uta
h...... ..
... ..
. .
Paci
fic:
Janu
ary
26,7
82
11,5
02
9,29
8 5,
208
10,6
64
21,3
82
21,7
16
64,6
04 782
156
3,42
7 19
,337
1,
358
2,81
6 22
124
3,86
5 8,
770
57,9
28
Febr
uary
24,6
90
10,0
45
3,89
9 4,
677
9,44
9 18
,490
19
,322
56
,708 67
1 13
5 3,
054
17,2
83
1,21
9 2,
796 25
93
6,35
0 7,
807
48,6
74
Mar
ch
27,1
13
11,2
40
4,43
0 4,
845
9,46
4 20
,383
20
,287
61
,523 68
4 6 3,
066
17,6
20
1,33
6 2,
730 4 90
12,2
21
7,68
2 29
,716
Apr
il
25,5
26
11,1
74
4,44
1 4,
679
8,99
6 18
,954
19
,277
58
,645 58
3 13
2 2,
^51
15,4
09
1,30
8 2,
716 36
45
2,39
8 5,
168
21,3
18
May
26,2
42
11,7
01
6,90
2 4,
603
9,31
0 20
,174
20
,500
63
,100 56
9 14
3 2,
734
15,9
40
1,37
3 2,
811 0 32
1,96
4 5,
230
28,7
62
June
26,2
43
11,4
49
12,2
92
4,71
7
11,0
62
20,1
03
20,8
27
64,3
85 589 52
2,
668
17,0
65
1,30
8 3,
119 0 35
1,98
2 5,
971
32,3
61
July
24,8
09
11,6
84
22,4
03
4,74
6
11,8
99
20,3
93
21,3
21
67,9
35 602
219
2,51
7 16
,729
1,
494
3,55
2 0 58
1,68
4 7,
929
41,8
75
Aug
ust
23,1
61
11,6
37
38,2
66
4,92
5
12,1
34
21,1
03
22,2
11
72,0
67 680 32
2,
810
17,4
59
1,44
3 3,
397 0 73
4,27
5 16
,274
66
,688
Sept
embe
r
25,5
81
13,8
56
51,1
83
5,38
3
11,8
94
21,1
36
23,0
82
73,7
77 707 30
3,06
7 19
,269
1,
400
3,45
0 0 61
7,56
5 21
,611
87
,237
Oct
ober
26,8
85
21,9
72
63,7
15
5,55
7
11,1
51
22,2
29
24,6
01
76,8
83 764
168
3,50
1 22
,609
1,
359
3,93
8 0 60
11,5
92
23,7
59
79,8
80
Nov
embe
r
27,7
62
29,3
86
62,5
82
5,39
1
11,2
72
22,0
11
25,1
38
75,9
12 798
160
3,63
1 24
,179
1,
361
4,00
2 0 63
5,83
2 19
, 010
59
, 664
Dec
embe
r
29,7
81
14,6
26
41,0
935,
428
11,6
20
23,4
71
25,8
12
77,9
68 810
211
4,02
5 27
,432
1,
483
4,08
0 10
0 63
16, 5
81
18,3
20
48,6
02
H
Tot
al
W
O >
314,
575
5
170,
172
S
310,
504
M
60, 1
59
$ >"S
128,
915
.
249,
829
£
264,
094
2
813,
507
w
8,23
9 3
1,44
4 g
37,3
51
S
230,
331
2
16,4
42
S
39,4
07
2
187
H
797
O
%
76,2
99
147,
531
a
602,
705
2!
Tot
al,
1923
3 a
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
..........
Paci
fic _
__
.
4,73
6,03
3
403,
301
1,
357,
582
1,09
5,14
7 34
1,22
3 47
3,62
9 15
0,95
1 13
9, 8
72
227,
172
54
7. 1
56
4,31
1,28
9
361,
448
1,22
8,30
1 1,
000,
735
308,
178
437,
719
138,
296
126,
907
214,
004
495.
701
4,70
8,20
2
385,
777
1,32
7,76
0 1,
082,
194
33
3,28
8 47
8,95
6 15
6,00
7 13
6, 1
62
234,
002
274,
056
4,45
6,98
8
348,
011
1,25
6,94
8 1,
023,
996
314,
575
453,
482
146,
697
129,
551
229,
929
553,
799
4,63
5,04
1
346,
813
1, 2
85, 4
86
1,04
3,90
6 32
8,25
5 46
7, 4
01
163,
764
134,
135
249,
270
626.
005
4,49
9,27
9
328,
968
1, 2
33, 5
69
1,01
7,82
4 31
4, 8
20
467,
558
145,
505
134,
671
241,
231
615.
133
4, 6
09, 8
48
324,
440
1,
209
, 186
1,
011,
225
317,
323
447,
258
14
5,84
2 13
9,75
4 24
9,46
8 63
5,35
2
4, 6
37, 5
65
332,
371
1,22
4,29
5 1,
051
, 292
33
5,60
9 49
3,19
8 15
6, 7
79
147,
878
25
1,87
6 64
5,26
7
4, 5
03, 1
09
328,
043
1,
199
, 560
1,
030,
235
330,
451
47
0,46
1 15
8,80
7 14
5,40
8 23
6,89
1 60
3,25
3
4,91
1,93
7
372,
568
1,
346,
781
1, 1
35, 5
42
362,
5GO
510,
978
181,
113
15
4,38
5 23
0,83
4 "
617,
236
4, 8
12, 6
06
367,
376
1, 3
35, 8
74
1,11
9,40
8 34
3, 0
34
606,
105
172.
831
14
9. 6
69
230,
972
587.
337
4, 9
42, 6
50
376,
836
1,
403,
937
1,15
1,31
1 34
7,31
0 49
1, 0
56
165,
386
154.
674
24
3,37
4 60
8.76
6
H
55,6
64,5
47
O
4, 2
75, 9
52
g
15, 4
09, 2
79
P
12, 7
62, 8
15
£
3, 9
76, 5
66
3
5,72
7,80
7
1,87
0,97
8 *
1,69
3,06
6 2,
839,
023
7.10
9.06
1
New
Eng
land
:
Ver
mon
t- ..
__
....
...
Rho
de I
slan
d .............
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
ew Y
ork _
__
__
__
__
New
Jer
sey.
__
__
__
_
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....
....
....
....
....
..In
dian
a __
__
__
_ ..
...
"Ves
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:. M
inne
sota
__
. ....
...
Mis
sour
i... ..............
Sou
th D
akot
a ...
. ..
..
Neb
rask
a ...
....
. ..
....
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Del
awar
e _ _
__
__
...
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a _ ..
Vir
gini
a. _
__
__
__
. ...
Wes
t V
irg
inia
- .
N
orth
Car
olin
a .......
....
Flor
ida .. .. ..
........
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Okl
ahom
aT
exas
__
__
__
__
__
_M
ount
ain:
M
onta
na. _
__
__
__
_
Ari
zona
__
__
. _ . _
__
44,9
6117
,889
14, 3
9120
1,88
447
,603
76, 6
73
756,
722
115,
513
485,
347
313,
556
112,
053
349,
701
220,
292
99,5
45
75,7
3986
,427
97,1
243,
461
5,68
125
,812
47, 0
79
7,83
937
, 475
26,6
8955
,840
137,
576
45, 7
2190
,823
55,4
6316
,203
29,5
9954
,645
61,2
805,
427
'11,
802
24,0
3425
,804
78,2
32
95, 7
4651
,680
4,11
437
,853
1,52
511
.767
40.0
2612
,64b
13,9
5317
8,39
445
,949
70,4
83
680,
495
104,
741
443,
065
288,
085
103,
720
318,
816
200,
124
89,9
90
69,9
3375
,338
90,3
572,
938
4,64
623
,231
41, 7
36
7,11
330
, 177
23,8
6352
,104
124,
098
37,6
2491
, 661
55, 6
7615
,403
26,9
6649
,332
56,9
435,
055
11, 4
6521
, 407
21,9
9372
,042
94,0
2851
,047
3,67
335
,106
1,33
99,
451
40,6
0917
,233
13,4
2919
3, 9
8044
,239
76,2
87
726,
050
113,
673
488,
037
303,
770
105,
681
350,
008
221,
158
101,
577
71,5
7810
1, 2
7685
,488
2,94
44,
944
24,6
9842
,360
7,85
431
,044
24,9
2762
, 350
142,
712
39,2
8792
,484
61, 8
7616
,422
28,1
9261
,965
60,6
025,
248
11,6
2423
,446
23,8
2377
,269
104,
017
54, 7
023,
850
37,2
701,
420
12,1
46
37,5
0319
,887
15, 3
6617
1, 8
8132
,728
70, 6
47
707,
643
100,
981
448,
324
292,
203
99.2
2231
6, 3
4020
4,12
911
2, 1
02
64,6
4498
,260
77,3
332,
322
4,53
024
,110
43,3
76
7,09
326
,117
23,0
5659
, 316
137,
166
40,4
4687
,503
56,6
3416
, 152
27,0
3251
,561
63,1
035,
001
11, 5
9822
,126
22,1
0373
,724
98,1
2450
, 701
3,71
936
,333
1,38
916
. 132
37,2
4923
,760
14, 2
2916
8,38
232
,688
70,5
05
719,
046
101,
080
465,
360
297,
482
101,
643
316,
534
210,
615
117,
632
71,2
7310
2, 3
4982
, 077
2,11
84,
668
25,3
4440
,426
6,43
826
,343
24,5
0960
,866
146,
242
44,6
8784
,744
59,0
7114
,507
27,9
2453
, 720
67,0
815,
039
11, 2
1823
,242
23,0
7676
,599
98,2
9162
,255
3,86
837
,910
1,56
017
,023
35, 1
1215
, 976
11,9
4815
5, 9
9540
,242
69,6
95
699,
953
99,3
5743
4,25
9
287,
614
101,
037
314,
392
202,
596
112,
185
60,4
5510
0,40
780
,681
2,66
24,
762
25,6
3840
,215
7,50
039
,994
26,0
7864
,343
140,
876
49,2
4771
, 173
55, 7
3313
, 614
27,4
5550
, 152
62, 7
976,
101
11,6
3223
,007
23,1
2376
,909
94,8
3458
, 191
3,61
636
, 878
1,50
416
,089
35,3
5112
,025
10,5
4915
3, 2
4743
,862
69,4
06
692,
823
100,
609
415,
754
278,
497
98,6
4332
0,44
220
3,43
811
0, 2
05
63,5
2095
,346
81, 3
582,
949
4,85
026
,856
42,4
44
7,89
153
,305
24, 8
7961
,718
145,
391
52,6
6465
,662
52,3
0213
, 446
28,3
8952
, 116
60,2
775,
060
13,0
5622
, 959
23,8
8079
,859
96,2
9768
,228
3,88
037
,640
1,64
414
,489
35,1
0310
,683
9,66
615
4,78
852
, 109
70,0
22
700,
295
85,4
7343
8, 5
27
296,
822
102,
538
- 33
5,96
821
1,95
010
4,01
4
74,2
4487
, 675
89,1
563,
067
5,03
928
, 110
48,3
18
8,03
556
,186
25,0
2063
,960
149,
171
49, 3
3372
,238
55, 6
5513
,600
30, 1
6256
, 269
63,8
725,
476
13,3
3423
,533
24,7
7686
,235
98, 7
5166
,429
4,09
739
,794
1,56
214
,791
33,6
5911
, 142
10,1
0315
7, 1
9547
,384
68,5
60
692,
365
89,5
0241
7,69
3
287,
480
101,
373
329,
113
209,
669
102,
600
72,0
28.
90,0
3985
,554
3,15
65,
163
27, 7
3246
, 779
7,63
665
, 139
24,8
0661
,226
136,
054
59,8
0760
,707
51, 6
2213
,564
29,2
6861
,436
72,5
345,
569
12,2
7822
,897
23,3
6286
,871
85,8
8867
,737
4,24
539
,207
1,48
613
,421
38, 1
5513
,919
12,5
0718
3,05
451
,903
73,0
30
772,
492
112,
806
461,
483
317,
018
110,
205
369,
678
230,
931
107,
710
80,5
6098
, 411
95,3
563,
388
5,77
529
,159
49,8
51
7,85
965
,361
26,7
5664
,287
155,
956
78, 8
7846
,804
50,6
4115
,436
32,0
3956
, 322
86,6
816,
071
13, 6
1624
,815
25,7
6890
,187
85,8
3862
, 159
4,58
741
,909
1,62
713
,145
36, 9
7717
,972
13,7
7518
4,44
542
,801
71,4
06
766,
407
112,
752
456,
715
312,
301
110,
627
362,
280
229,
969
104,
231
77,7
8386
, 277
96,8
383,
561
5,80
227
,627
45? 2
46
7,62
7.67
,283
25,7
9961
, 748
147,
088
71,1
9460
,402
58,8
3716
,227
32,1
4556
,800
77,9
225,
964
12,9
4425
,117
25,9
4885
,660
90,2
2952
,374
4,56
840
,863
1,62
29,
549
38,1
8422
, 670
15, 4
9018
9,92
635
, 722
74,8
44
803,
941
114,
347
485,
649
312,
999
112,
362
383,
834
236,
795
106,
821
76,4
6388
,521
99,5
623,
550
6,29
728
,604
44, 3
13
7,48
232
, 136
26, 9
1661
,898
148,
553
63,4
8370
,997
61,8
5317
,738
33,1
1755
,121
71,2
335,
915
13,2
0925
,997
26,8
4188
,627
96,5
0959
,449
4,63
641
, 825
1,69
09,
220
452,
889
196,
799
155,
405
2,09
3,17
151
7,23
086
1,46
8
8,71
8,23
21,
250,
834
5, 4
40, 2
13
3,58
7,82
71,
259
, 104
4,06
6,60
62,
580,
666
>TJ
1,26
8,61
2 $
858,
220
M1,
110
, 326
rt
1,06
0,88
4 o
36, 1
16
H|
62,0
56
£31
6,82
1 O
532,
143
%
90,2
67
O61
0, 6
60
"930
1, 2
98
M72
9,65
6 S
1, 7
10, 8
83
E63
2,37
0 .5
895,
198
j
676,
263
g18
2, 3
12
3 O
362,
288
3
649,
439
380
4,32
5 ^
64,9
26
147,
775
282,
580
290,
497
972,
214
1, 1
38, 5
6269
4,95
248
,853
461,
588
18,2
68
I i
157,
223
£*
TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in t
hous
ands
of
kilo
wat
t-
ho
urs
Con
tinu
ed
[No
prod
ucti
on i
n S
tate
s om
itted
]
Tot
al,
1923
Con
tinu
ed
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Mou
ntai
n C
onti
nued
. U
tah-
Paci
fic:
Janu
ary
20,5
563,
931
128,
703
48,2
7437
0, 1
79
Feb
ruar
y
15, 7
973,
563
114.
851
43,6
6433
7, 1
86
Mar
ch
16, 7
483,
849
123,
333
46, 4
0040
4,32
3
Apr
il
20,8
043,
727
116,
110
43,6
1539
4, 0
74
May
24,3
474,
016
123,
852
46, 8
5845
5, 2
95
June
26,2
973,
822
116,
395
45,6
4345
3,09
5
July
23,4
183,
972
119,
469
47, 1
3746
8, 7
46
Aug
ust
22,3
444,
108
121,
000
49, 8
1947
4, 4
48
Sept
embe
r
20,9
603,
947
115,
926
52, 2
8743
5,04
0
Oct
ober
27,3
564,
213
118,
097
57,0
9244
2,04
7
Nov
embe
r
27,8
573,
910
119,
466
55,9
1041
1,96
1
Dec
embe
r
26, 0
553,
990
129,
348
57,7
5042
1, 6
68
Tot
al
272,
539
47,0
48
1,44
6,55
059
4,44
95,
068,
062
00 ^
o
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er,
1923
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
. ...
....
..
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Pen
nsyl
vani
a. ,
_- , .
......
1, 60
0, 7
73
127,
504
349,
412
112,
732
70, 8
0119
0,89
677
, 762 438
192,
170
479,
058
41,5
4414
,537
14, 3
4437
,283 79
019
,006
298,
237
198
50,9
77
1, 4
54, 9
99
96,8
8631
3,60
396
,156
62,8
2319
2,98
078
,549 40
018
0,33
543
3,26
7
35,2
079,
135
13, 3
0725
,002 54
513
,690
261,
812 16
651
, 625
1, 6
99, 9
22
124,
267
350,
199
130,
096
95,0
1920
4,45
991
,268 46
519
9,38
850
4,76
1
35, 9
1814
,706
13, 1
3037
, 714 80
821
,991
287,
131
62,8
42
1, 7
67, 8
45
137,
591
386,
761
152,
325
111,
211
188,
969
91, 5
18 701
199,
500
499,
269
36,7
4518
,099
15,0
4845
, 138 839
21,7
22
323,
407
211
63,1
43
1, 9
02, 7
30
140,
038
401,
359
165,
192
128,
752
191,
590
98,7
51 731
219,
725
556,
592
35,8
4621
,995
13,9
8645
,966 68
321
,562
333,
593 219
67,5
47
1, 7
34, 8
60
99,9
2134
9,72
914
7, 6
6511
3, 1
5717
4, 4
7791
,980 70
921
2,22
654
4,99
6
34,2
2013
, 521
11,6
6727
,488 33
512
,690
305,
184 15
744
,388
1, 6
25, 8
95
72,9
2830
7,84
013
6, 3
1410
4, 7
1215
8,05
989
,661 85
522
0, 2
7053
5,25
6
33,0
538,
328
9,55
616
,007 23
45,
750
282,
704
104
25,0
32
1, 5
41, 6
02
58,2
6829
7, 1
4411
2,86
083
,929
165,
594
90,8
90 899
222,
225
509,
793
30,1
836,
543
8,01
39,
749
184
3,59
6
267,
208 68
29,8
68
1,43
4,59
8
59, 8
2529
3,60
511
9, 9
8880
, 760
147,
039
64,5
04 991
205,
563
462,
323
27, 1
47fi
094
8,67
712
,304 11
24,
661
264,
294 58
29,2
53
1,43
6,98
5
78,8
3531
3, 1
9811
9,29
286
, 311
119,
604
40, 7
38 768
194,
960
483,
279
30,7
649,
423
11, 0
7819
, 767 205
285,
486 95
27, 6
17
1,47
6,38
8
115,
490
337,
922
117,
779
74,9
8114
5,35
756
,839 76
719
3, 6
2143
3,63
2
33,0
1314
, 876
13, 5
5136
, 326 326
17, 3
98
302,
491
35, 2
85
1,66
5,91
6
142,
347
410,
610
126,
609
73,1
2617
1, 8
7110
1, 2
11 766
202,
307
437,
069
37,3
2320
,392
15,3
7944
,916 89
023
,447
345,
661 22
964
,720
1, 2
53, 9
004
111
^Ift
9
1, 0
85, 5
822,
050
, 895
973,
671
8 49
0
5,87
9,29
5
4.1 n
QA3
158,
479
5,95
1
3, 5
57, 2
081,
877
552,
297
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
-......... .
....
.
Illin
ois-..
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Kan
sas
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia..
... .
....
....
....
Wes
t Vir
gini
a... ..
.... ..
.N
orth
Car
olin
a. _
___ .
Flo
rida...-
.........
..E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Ken
tuck
y. _
__ . _ ..
.
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Texas
... _
....
. _ ..
..M
ount
ain:
Col
orad
o.. _
_____
Uta
h........ ..
....
....
...
Paci
fic:
W
ashin
gto
n. _
......
Cal
iforn
ia.. .
.. ..
.. ..
...
4,37
64,
192
16,3
9366
,959
30,8
12
17,8
6744
,810
4,98
359
41,
133
1,41
4
219
21, 3
152,
681
33,1
1285
,565
47,2
21 783 8
40,4
9937
,255 12
212
119
5
94,9
5451
, 510 367
13, 8
12 577,
076
20,5
563,
829
124,
312
38,0
0231
6, 7
44
3,26
14,
041
13,8
0649
,529
25, 5
19
15, 0
7038
,741
5,94
047
71,
267
1,32
8
207
24,1
242,
679
30,4
4286
,767
48, 1
25 636 8
36,0
9542
,446 10
512
017
5
93,2
8050
,903 31
8,11
, 470 71
5,03
015
,797
3,46
6
108,
248
33,3
0629
1,71
3
3,52
16,
796
15,2
2766
,576
37, 9
76
19,9
0863
,843
6,99
359
51,
365
2,31
5
302
25,9
703,
183
33.0
3187
,540
53,9
06 527 8
44,1
1547
, 145 112
166
187
103,
249
54,5
36 326
12,8
26 737,
885
16, 7
123,
781
118,
714
37, 3
6134
8,68
6
3,49
85,
860
15,0
2969
, 747
58,1
91
37,7
5963
,464
5,16
01,
043
1,75
32,
032
270
20,9
853,
005
31,9
3582
,816
49,5
42 416 8
38,9
8852
,522 10
320
639
2
97,4
3650
,578 31
014
,976 74
11,6
3520
,804
3,68
7
113,
807
35,3
5435
0,10
8
3,22
04,
756
16, 7
1271
,760
68,7
44
49,0
9266
,898
7,29
61,
051
2,08
62,
329
214
21,7
862,
667
34,5
6580
,241
51,5
44 573 8
40,4
7958
,264 10
712
649
8
97,5
6462
,135 35
719
,251 60
12, 1
0524
,247
4,00
6
121,
518
38,3
1239
6, 7
62
2,26
43,
512
16, 4
1360
,506
64,9
71
35,9
6464
,856
6,54
81,
265
2,04
72,
487
144
18,3
881,
433
38,2
8666
, 759
48, 6
21 846 8
37,6
4054
,332 10
912
147
9
94,1
5958
,077 32
618
,610 59
10,8
9226
,297
3,80
6
113,
981
37,8
5739
3,15
8
1,99
02,
854
16,5
3455
,790
59, 1
46
37,7
2158
,732
2,72
51,
087
2,05
52,
392 86
12,6
66 966
36,5
2661
,648
45,3
63 914 8
38,8
9150
,762 14
224
247
1
95,5
6868
,094 48
419
,285 55
10,0
2022
,863
3,91
1
116,
699
36, 7
1538
1,84
2
1,89
62,
280
16,5
6252
,868
39,2
54
30,8
6947
,770 58
280
22,
035
1,88
1 1915
,830
1,56
431
,211
67, 7
5648
,241 97
3 842
, 516
48,3
66 193
231
475
98,0
6266
,287 48
921
,240 58
9,77
622
,306
4,00
7
117,
344
30,4
4436
2,00
5
1,90
62,
989
17,5
6757
,425
40, 1
01
25,2
3650
,313 57
771
92,
166
1,74
9 2011
, 470
1,31
033
,787
55, 7
3443
, 787 931 8
35, 7
6128
, 735 254 97 640
85,1
5767
, 597 68
119
,035 55
8,87
820
,416
3,84
4
103,
063
27,2
2433
2,03
6
1,34
62,
973
17,7
8458
,862
38,3
27
23,7
5956
,030
1,19
878
42,
337
2,20
3 277,
710
519
35, 4
1739
, 571
35,2
391,
121 8
24,0
5916
, 671 13
5 862
5
85,0
6252
, 019 66
320
, 970 75
7,58
924
,458
4,13
4
102,
366
32,6
3434
8,27
9
2,09
63,
342
16,8
4857
,859
37,6
34
19,6
4544
,517
5,31
274
82,
297
2,46
2
114
11,6
851,
156
28, 3
7364
,151
49,0
33 845 8
26,2
9530
,536 18
2 17 568
89,4
5852
, 198 649
18,8
97 814,
153
24, 3
213,
864
98,8
5231
,707
303,
073
4,25
15,
259
17,3
1762
,429
37,3
53
14, 7
5245
,098
7,73
345
72,
197
2,88
9
232
18,3
412,
057
30, 6
7766
,037
53,8
72 655 8
36,9
3264
,271 31
6 33 417
95,6
8359
,366 57
916
,804 70
4,16
521
,728
3,91
2
119,
402
42,7
9927
4,86
8
33,6
2548
,864
196,
192
720,
309
538,
028
327,
622
645,
072
55,0
479,
622
22,7
3825
,481
1,85
421
0, 2
60
M23
,220
M
397,
362
O
834,
485
M57
4,49
4 rf
9,22
0 ^
96
M44
2, 2
70
O53
1,30
5 !z
!
1,88
0 O
1,48
8 ^
5,12
2 .. B
1,
129,
632
P69
3, 3
00
£35,
439
Q20
7, 1
85
278
8 3
99,2
04
O26
0,49
5 3
46,2
47
3
1. 3
58, 3
0642
1, 7
154,
099
, 274
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in
thou
sand
s of
kilo
wat
t-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
By
the
use
of f
uels
, 19
23
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Uni
ted
Stat
es _
.
Mid
dle A
tlan
tic
-
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral.
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
...-
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Kan
sas.
-.--
--. .
Janu
ary
3,13
5,26
0
275,
797
1,00
8,17
098
2,41
527
0,42
228
2,73
373
, 189
139,
434
35,0
0268
,098
3,41
73,
352 47
164,
601
46,8
1357
,567
458,
485
115,
315
434,
370
309,
180
107,
861
333,
308
163,
333
fiS
7
00
57,8
7241
,617
92,1
413,
461
4,98
724
,679
45.6
65
Feb
ruar
y
2,85
6,29
0
264,
562
914,
698
904,
579
245,
355
244,
739
59,7
4712
6,50
733
,669
62,4
34
4,81
93,
508
646
153,
392
45,4
0456
,793
418,
683
104,
575
391,
440
284,
824
99,6
7930
5,01
015
0,59
564
,471
54,8
6336
,597
84,4
172,
938
4,16
821
,964
40.4
08
Mar
ch
3,00
8,28
0
261,
510
977,
561
952,
098
238,
269
274,
497
64,7
3913
5,69
734
,614
69,2
95
4,69
12,
527
299
156,
266
43,4
3154
,296
438,
919
113,
447
425,
195
300,
249
98,8
8533
4, 7
8115
4,58
263
,601
51,6
7037
,433
78,4
952,
944
4,34
923
,333
40.0
45
Apr
il
2,68
9,14
3
210,
420
870,
187
871,
671
203,
364
264,
513
55, 1
7912
8,85
030
,429
54,5
30 758
1,78
831
712
6,74
331
,889
48,9
25
384,
236
100,
770
385,
181
288,
705
93,3
6230
1,31
113
4,38
215
9 O
il
26,8
8534
,796
72,1
732,
322
3,48
722
,357
41.3
44
May
2,73
2,31
1
206,
775
884,
127
878,
714
199,
503
275,
817
55,0
1313
3,40
429
,545
69,4
13
1,40
31,
765
243
122,
416
32,0
0548
,943
385,
453
100,
861
397,
813
294,
262
96,8
8729
9,82
213
8,85
548
,888
22,1
8135
,451
74,7
812,
118
3,61
723
,258
38.0
97
June
2,76
4,41
9
229,
047
883,
840
870,
159
201,
663
293,
081
53,5
2513
3,96
229
,005
70,1
37 892
2,45
528
112
8,50
739
,907
57,0
05
394,
769
99,2
0038
9,87
1
285,
350
97,5
2529
7,97
914
2,09
147
,214
24,5
0135
,551
74,1
332,
662
3,49
723
,591
37.7
28
July
2,88
3,95
3
251,
512
901,
346
874,
911
212,
611
319,
199
56,1
8113
8,89
929
,198
100,
096
2,29
83,
697
993
137,
240
43,6
2863
,656
410,
119
100,
505
390,
722
276,
507
95,7
8930
3,90
814
7,64
851
,059
25,7
9936
,614
78,6
332,
949
3,76
324
,801
40.0
52
Aug
ust
3,09
5,96
3
274,
103
927,
151
938,
432
251,
680
327,
604
64,8
8914
6,97
929
,651
135,
474
4,92
04,
140
1,65
314
5,03
951
,925
66,4
26
433,
087
85,4
0540
8,65
9
294,
926
100,
258
319,
406
159,
082
fli
7fin
43,3
8539
,905
88,5
743,
067
4,23
726
,075
46.4
37
Sept
embe
r
3,06
8,51
1
268,
218
905,
955
910,
247
249,
691
323,
422
94,3
0314
4,41
731
,328
140,
930
6,51
24,
218
1,42
614
4,89
147
,272
63,8
99
428,
071
89,4
4438
8,44
0
285,
574
98,3
8431
1, 5
4615
2,24
4
46,7
9239
,726
84,9
773,
156
4,44
425
,566
45.0
30
Oct
ober
3,47
4,95
2
293,
733
1,03
3,58
31,
016,
250
276,
189
391,
374
140,
375
153,
617
35,8
7413
3,95
7
7,39
14,
496
1,42
916
3,28
751
,698
65,4
32
487,
006
112,
711
433,
866
315,
672
107,
232
351,
894
172,
069
69,3
83
56,8
0142
,381
94,1
583,
388
4,99
126
,822
47.6
48
Nov
embe
r
3,33
6,21
8
251,
886
997,
952
1,00
1,62
926
8,05
336
0, 7
4811
5,99
214
8,90
237
,351
153,
705
3,96
43,
096
224
148,
119
42,4
75'
54,0
08
463,
916
112,
606
421,
430
310,
205
107,
285
345,
432
172,
110
66,5
97
58, 1
3841
,760
91,5
263,
561
5,05
425
,230
42.7
84
Dec
embe
r
3,27
6,73
4
234,
489
993,
327
1,02
4,70
227
4,18
431
9, 1
8564
,175
153,
908
41,0
6717
1, 6
97 861
2,27
811
114
5,01
034
,832
51,3
97
458,
280
114,
118
420,
929
308,
748
107,
103
366,
017
173,
366
69,4
68
61,7
1143
,423
91,8
293,
550
5,84
026
,407
41.4
24
Tot
al
36,3
22,0
34
3,02
2,05
211
,297
,897
11,2
25,8
072,
890,
984
3, 6
76, 9
1289
7,30
71,
684,
576
396,
733
1,22
9,76
6
41,9
2637
,320
7,66
91,
735,
511
511,
279
688,
347
5,16
1,02
41,
248,
957
4,88
7,91
6
3,55
4,20
21,
210,
250
3,87
0,41
41,
860,
357
730,
584
530,
598
465,
254
1,00
5,83
736
,116
52,4
3429
4,08
360
6.66
2
Cn
O
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY 151
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TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-198
6, i
n t
hous
ands
of
kil
owat
t-
hours
-C
onti
nued
[No
prod
ucti
on in
Sta
tes
omitt
ed]
Tot
al,
1924
-Con
tinu
ed
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
.. .
.. -
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
"Wes
t Vir
gini
aN
orth
Car
olin
a.. _
_....
_--
Eas
t S
outh
Cen
tral
:
Mis
siss
ippi
- i
Janu
ary
39,4
8421
060
16,2
2019
9,17
441
, 875
79,6
52
817,
996
116,
512
525,
435
337,
961
116,
983
41 0
A
Kfi
254,
041
106,
354
81, 7
7775
,640
110,
730
3,60
76,
114
28,6
8048
,442
7,93
339
, 015
27, 6
7366
,081
161,
726
66,0
8184
,604
68,4
8819
, 412
35,0
9358
,649
77,1
455,
840
Feb
ruar
y
39,2
4615
,625
13, 7
3718
1, 0
4250
,470
74,6
08
756,
045
106,
554
482,
534
314,
423
108,
332
383,
800
236,
223
100,
576
71, 2
5986
,928
86,1
003,
199
5,41
026
,161
43,8
58
7,38
240
,128
25, 7
5262
, 418
156,
257
55,9
2777
,004
64,5
8718
,516
33,1
4460
,002
70,5
475,
536
Mar
ch
41, 3
7518
,731
14, 0
5818
2, 5
2535
, 702
77,7
03
785,
196
108,
370
itfU
1
47
323,
150
110,
775
399,
906
243,
568
111,
023
68,6
2910
4,72
273
,634
3,09
75,
388
26,5
8043
,742
7,44
931
,042
26,2
4963
,893
160,
471
46,0
5790
,080
66,0
3018
,760
33,3
2057
,456
71,4
905,
372
Apri
l
39,0
3421
,074
13,4
4816
9, 4
7830
,560
71 4
64
758,
302
100,
679
476,
981
301,
315
1A9
ft4°
.
369,
471
223,
970
132,
628
63,7
9598
,485
66,8
772,
646
4,94
025
,407
42,8
15
6,97
427
,653
24,8
3860
,317
143,
493
40,8
4989
,618
64,1
7916
,918
30,2
8655
,400
68,2
165,
276
May
37,5
6421
,598
17,0
7215
8,91
426
,542
69,7
56
747,
338
97,8
38474
RA
K
290,
843
99,3
2936
9, 3
0321
3,54
013
4, 2
51
62,8
4110
2, 7
63C
O
AO
Q
2,74
54,
966
26,4
5442
,144
6,82
526
,037
25,9
2360
,251
139,
575
40,8
4780
,634
62,5
3216
,411
57,8
3170
,216
5.37
1
June
35, 7
4915
,446
18, 8
7314
4,28
728
,439
65,1
65
709,
076
83,9
424
O
A1
270,
754
95,9
5734
3, 5
9119
7,22
6yi2
, 140
67, 7
8799
,242
67, 3
892,
938
4,85
625
,782
40,6
96
6,74
724
, 762
25,5
0458
,283
133,
548
38,0
0275
,952
56,6
3116
,728
29,8
6655
,193
67, 7
115,
792
July
33,1
4814
, 728
22,4
6714
8, 3
1927
,265
65,0
93
719,
914
98,3
1843
3,32
4
274,
275
101,
128
350,
081
202,
521
105,
908
78,4
6798
,223
65,0
863,
175
5,21
727
,942
43,2
31
6,83
729
,026
*23
,675
59,4
2213
3,25
438
,344
74,5
5857
,647
16,4
62
31,5
9355
,930
65, 8
176,
041
Aug
ust
37,1
6615
, 382
22,8
8816
0, 6
9728
,099
70,2
34
736,
979
103,
003
49Q
A
17
287,
292
ifto
fl4
7
366,
827
207,
201
123,
808
62, 7
1910
2,98
8A
A
ft3Q
3,23
05,
331
OQ
1
74
46,4
67
6,63
047
,934
26,2
4060
,209
136,
763
55,2
5656
,100
59,7
4316
, 570
33,1
6554
,705
71,1
066,
569
Sep
tem
ber
39,4
50to
KA
1
169,
908
30, 5
527
Q
707
752,
250
106,
936
Af)
f\
ac\ft
30
3^4
105,
021
373,
591
214,
881
121,
508
68,8
6910
2,82
864
,563
3,31
75,
481
28,8
3142
,444
7,19
656
,055
25,6
3559
, 531
143,
668
64,7
8262
, 677
66,5
4717
,235
33,4
8353
,507
72,4
436,
926
Oct
ober
45,4
41
24,9
9818
5, 6
2137
, 738
79,5
08
819,
597
117,
455
496,
756
325,
894
115,
509
407,
594
,230
,935
'126
,767
79, 6
7610
9,18
368
,367
3,64
15,
790
31,0
6554
,849
7,24
443
^908
26,5
6465
,343
158,
965
68,3
9385
,638
73,6
8818
,907
38,3
9557
,765
80,2
337,
373
Nov
embe
r
41, 5
481f
t 40
4
17,4
4818
2,84
347
, 670
80,3
36
799,
169
118,
592
40
9
OR
4
314,
462
113,
571
414,
282
224,
124
125,
540
82,3
6310
0,86
866
,845
3,74
45,
892
30, 1
3254
,340
7,69
2'58
,239
27,1
0462
,597
1A
A
90
0
70,2
4776
, 749
58,2
66.
19, 7
53
37,0
7361
,378
80,6
337.
030
Dec
embe
r
A A
AR
K
19
80
9
99
ftO
7
215,
190
42,5
8188
, 536
886,
707
136,
098
546,
069
357,
869
126,
381
4fiS
t&
R
248,
418
129,
248
91,6
8493
,208
84
4Qft
3,95
76,
524
Q1
flQ
4
54,3
42
9,06
858
,547
30,1
7065
,323
tfif
t 7S
0
62,5
4590
,063
66,3
9022
,616
39,0
0466
,257
78,6
587.
090
To
tal
473,
671
OO
Q
7Q
O
2 09
7 99
842
7 49
3one
7Qo
9, 2
88, 5
691
^A4
9Q7
3,70
1,56
21
OQ
7
B.1
R
2, 6
96, 6
481,
429
, 751
SAQ
ftf
iA
1,17
5,06
8
on
O
QA
65 9
09Q
Q7
Q
AO
557,
870
87
0
77
482,
346
QI
e *>
*>7
74O
&
&Q
fi47
°.
^fi
04
0
K77
764,
728
218,
288
4/V
l 1O
4
694,
073
874,
115
74.2
16
Oi
to ft) o
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY 153
I i i o&" «toioOo&T-HC
ooicooo
S^uSVcT^fcfeo* off t- Tt< r-lC5 r-H
stT^sf^^s?^
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H CO (N CO ^J O r-1 OO -^ O& rH SS'3!^*
C900OCO vH W O CO T-I !** (N 00
?O5 OS t^. CDC
>CO*«£T I Ni-HONCflC'D^C1? O3 1C CIr-HOr-H t^-C?(NOlOC^'3< t^ ^t^-lSNOO^ -^otoocooooo COCDC
O
«3 JOE-i g§2l5u^;<jp^;«^oo So §£ § r5
VOrHO 0000055
ScSSOOirHC
i-l ^ !>' O s s
§"oo'Tii'tr'io'oo' J'co' cocoO£-co o> **p
S dejiiHNoo SOOQ THCPTHOSCN O d CN
Qcoo5®Ocotoc5"5OCOlOOSlOrHOOOOrH
THCOrHrHrH CN CO
*H T|l 1C OS OS CO OOOr
S COOOCOCp CN CO rCOOt~CNCO COrHC
oTrifci'ver t-T CD cCOrHCNCO rH C
-rH t~ fl
MrHOOC
cp" i-T»oKcoK c* rH«
COQQQrHCOOOdt-t 51O CO r-CCOOS-
5 t^O OCOOS Jt-ScO^IOi
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JVO rHjqrH!
1C CO rH t
rrH rHiaCOt-os toSe
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SIC OSC36M OSlOTH^t'MO COt-iCN T)lO>'4ia><
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Ml rH CD 3J t^- O
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' ill i^l
:SgSJl8 a !3i1 «! * * ** al^g
i rt
ill:
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in
thou
sand
s of
kilo
wat
t-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in
Sta
tes
omitt
ed]
By
the
use
of w
ater
pow
er,
1924
Con
tinu
ed
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia................
..W
est V
irgi
nia.
.. ......
...
Geo
rgia
__
__
__
__
__
jJas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Mou
ntai
n:
Mon
tana
_______
_
Uta
h.....................
Paci
fic:
Cal
ifor
nia-
____ . _
..
Janu
ary
11,0
0931
,033
4,70
056
71,
640
2,02
6
293
25,6
122,
693
38,7
4578
,023
59, 7
78 728 17
42,3
0370
,592 29
8 46 593
99,6
4964
,853 58
516
,603 68
6,74
318
,485
3,72
6
124,
190
43,6
5526
2,30
3
Feb
ruar
y
9,50
047
,976
5,94
952
61,
826
2,73
4
310
22,7
262,
707
36,5
5071
,755
56,7
63 782 16
45,0
0263
,866 34
0 36 533
93,9
8957
,850 52
115
,535 64
7,95
019
, 393
3,55
4
120,
539
39, 6
1026
3,43
8
Mar
ch
13,8
5266
,317
5,48
658
01,
984
2,44
3
295
28,4
212,
643
41
74
486
,692
58,4
741,
079 18
42, 1
0566
,255 27
7 45 616
98,8
5156
,036 58
314
,304 63
8,43
023
,096
4,62
7
122,
203
40,3
0025
5,75
6
Apr
il
32,7
1963
,924
5,40
81,
430
2,14
52,
274
338
28,7
992,
320
36,6
5186
,470
57,0
501,
075 18
iin i
flfi
63,3
44 276 34 564
92,7
6159
,754 56
516
,056 68
7,76
122
,088
4,99
4
111,
880
40,0
4532
1, 9
94
May
48,2
0867
,022
6,01
61,
127
1,98
72,
599
338
24,9
432,
025
36, 7
7577
,876
56,2
22 875 18
42,3
9563
,007 24
2 31 472
92,7
3367
,080 54
720
,761 65
12,0
8426
,202
4,69
9
126,
642
37,8
9836
8,33
5
June
41,8
0863
,561
7,14
01,
391
2,17
13,
025
337
20,8
312,
341
33,6
7972
,877
60,3
74 695 18
39,8
8859
,737 25
9 39 535
90,6
6470
,654 52
819
,494 66
13,0
5621
, 914
4,70
9
115,
676
34,5
8726
7,21
9
July
42,3
8161
,669
5,68
81,
583
2,45
62,
595
301
20,9
632,
259
34,1
7571
,596
50,0
301
044 14
41,2
5851
, 516 17
8 48 616
93,2
7775
,232 55
620
,411 70
12,9
9116
,980
3,47
0
mO
KJ,
27,6
4223
2,43
1
Aug
ust
45, 2
1864
,675
6,12
993
62,
745
2,70
9
238
16,6
631,
811
34,6
93
49, 5
121,
067 15
32,2
9624
,489 17
04
4fi
SQ
94,4
1579
,587 63
618
, 676 72
12,5
4213
,314
2,77
2
102,
334
34,3
2321
0, 6
53
Sep
tem
ber
43,6
6162
,565
3,17
780
72,
043
1,71
3
164
12,4
39 675
35,2
5656
,220
56,7
61 993 15
26, 1
1627
,034 13
5 44 683
93,3
4770
,901 R44
16,6
48 2511
,161
13,0
283,
080
93,6
4436
,995
202,
617
Oct
ober
62, 6
1264
,819
1,72
064
92,
231
1,25
6 3519
,458
1,52
564
,156
76,6
9263
,639 90
3 1526
, 598
.19,
326
166 64 658
92,4
27"
63, 3
78 476
17,8
35 3ft
7,33
616
,958
2,01
8
lift
019
44, 6
5220
0,68
9
Nov
embe
r
44,5
61%
57, 1
851,
559
641
2,07
91
431
174
17,6
271,
856
47, 1
0762
,443
45,9
44 842 15
20,7
8017
,932 15
0
53 645
92,0
7058
,923 43
916
, 650 85
4,61
120
,209
1,90
8
131,
045
fin 4
n«26
2,31
3
Dec
embe
r
38,4
2845
, 188
4,45
063
71,
358
7,44
7
205
22, 0
512,
693
45,8
1577
,205
55,2
41 762 15
37,7
6447
,378 15
612
158
4
102,
599
fifi
' 94
.A
428
14,3
87 823,
960
18,5
25 827
138,
250
61,7
0029
8,87
6
To
tal
423,
957
695,
934
57,4
2210
,874
24,5
6426
,252
3,02
826
0,53
325
,548
475,
346
659,
788
10,8
46 194
436,
861
579,
476
2,64
759
67
1
88
1,13
6,77
27o
n 4S
s6,
508
207,
360
757
107,
625
230,
192
40,3
84
1 41
4 46
8'4
81^7
133,
146,
624
O
tl w § d Q
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY 155
oT-j cogs'T-j'gr tfof of? "nofaTr s as r-< os IQ co *H t~ os *o eo t^ rn ^4 ^tr~ coco 10 ** co oo i~~ rn ao co t~ t~ o"*aO c»3»*5 ^"PS'i'ST-c >-l
8 10 « ̂ < ^< to ̂ < t^ O N eo rtT-c «-t
13 «D i-( ^ i-* 00 -^ i-* C3S !fegS8SSSS38
ft^TftotfeToo"* IO »-H r-4 rH
CO r-4 10-tN CO JO t- fl
Tio'>o'td?f ION-^
jcooousfflco otpQ^gt
OS O> rH CO T-H t-H CO
5 uj o t~ tc to * T( b 06 t "O CB i-c OJ c!) > >o os jo !5 >* w IH
coos cot- c^(SlOJQt
5oO«CO-«4 «CO!CO N CO-^
>o 35 ̂ fr"» oo i>* S? co opfrH'rH'oO'c
>os«oco-1 CO »-4
SSos *CON^41 OO^COtO^^ OSCOOOtQr
1 QIC* i-HCS TH ?H
os co 353*^coco oscoe - OS rH rH 00 CO r-4 CO 00 t-t£»O PS t
SS§S52SS J^ @<5@Q»9rH SS Se5S®SS-^4
il i
a>|5SsW5-
,1«!1?I:
«9' 111
* w wj JT wj iT .*»-i h^ ."i O .Wjip-i
TA
BL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of
elec
tric
pow
er b
y publi
c-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in
thou
sand
s of
kil
owat
t-
ho
urs
Conti
nued
[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
] By
the
use
of
fuel
s, 19
24 C
ontin
ued
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Eas
t So
uth
"Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
o __ _
__
___
_
Uta
h __ _
. _
-. .
Paci
fic:
Janu
ary
35, 0
7616
,346
6,55
35,
840
13,1
2827
, 213
26,7
5890
, 818 823
218
3,93
525
, 459
1,58
44,
280
4,56
414
6
7,15
916
,020
165,
755
Febr
uary
33, 1
2815
,000
6,68
15,
536
11,7
7224
,728
25, 1
7384
,300 69
217
13,
607
21,6
021,
428
3, 8
104,
226 75
J8,4
5812
,706
158,
308
Mar
ch
33,3
0215
,351
5,23
55,
372
11, 7
4425
,021
25,8
4888
, 036 682
168
3,72
723
, 967
1,47
53,
904
2,41
3 74
4,28
514
,784
201,
360
Apri
l
30,2
6815
, 034
4,87
25,
276
10, 1
2423
,549
24,6
7287
, 313 641
151
3,70
021
,601
1,48
54,
381 25 47
4,23
511
,006
127,
702-
May
30,7
5415
, 436
7,20
95,
371
10,0
5723
,811
26,0
5490
,144 63
916
13,
673
19, 3
571,
634
3,14
8 0 25
2,79
212
,582
144,
107
June
29,8
4815
,305
7,97
45,
792
12,4
6823
,648
26,0
9490
,352 60
713
63,
632
19,0
491,
624
3,75
1 0 37
3,76
416
, 578
232,
924
July
31, 5
7914
, 672
14,3
016,
041
14,2
2824
,737
27,0
7395
, 378 678
158
3,72
719
,724
1,58
03,
513
3,83
2 82
7,52
524
,474
266,
125
August
33,1
5022
,409
41, 6
176,
569
13, 3
9125
, 517
28,3
3897
, 767 668
166
3,85
722
,536
1,63
53,
536
4,10
9 74
13, 3
2121
,634
282,
504
Sept
embe
r
33, 4
6827
,391
45,4
096,
926
13, 3
1125
, 312
27,6
2099
,458 69
516
33,
879
24,6
541,
641
3,79
23,
895
160
17,0
6321
,500
270,
350
Oct
ober
38, 3
8031
, 167
60,9
077,
373
14, 5
7427
,269
30, 8
9810
2, 6
70 753
180
4,23
226
,178
1,67
83,
569
4,35
917
9
11,7
8019
, 519
260,
632
Nov
embe
r
37, 0
5840
, 598
62,6
017,
030
14, 5
1027
,126
29,7
6995
, 757 77
717
44,
292
26,3
061,
633
3,87
13,
949
H8
3,90
211
,825
159,
617
Dec
embe
r
38,9
8928
,503
31,2
807,
090
12,7
2830
, 331
32,2
6599
, 793 858
198
4,7S
732
,237
1, 7
594,
016
5,38
219
2
6,80
814
, 054
150,
432
Tota
l
405,
000
OK
7
91
0
294,
639
74, 2
16
152,
035
one
9A9
1, 1
21, 7
86
8,51
32,
044
47 0
4828
2^67
019
,156
45, 5
7136
,754
1,23
9
89, 0
9219
6, 6
822,
419
, 816
O
d d
o a i CO
To
tal,
1925
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
_
Paci
fic-
...
-
5,57
3,34
7
448,
532
1, 5
48, 0
001,
321
, 379
356,
058
600,
716
195,
331
178,
574
259,
798
664,
959
5,00
0,84
5
384,
124
1,39
8,04
01,
196
, 672
317,
360
516,
043
187,
468
156,
960
237.
501
606,
677
5,39
2,22
3
405,
640
1, 5
38, 0
871,
279,
204
335,
859
521,
204
198,
603
167,
644
691,
584
5,18
0,47
8
377,
510
1,46
3,49
81,
233
, 252
324,
384
499,
979
201,
812
166,
868
251,
394
661,
781
5,24
0,04
8
372,
090
1,46
6,84
41,
227
, 181
335,
330
477,
728
207,
503
170,
607
262,
697
720,
068
5, 2
46, 2
05
371,
517
1,41
5,92
51,
224,
938
334,
600
496,
155
213,
878
178,
189
258,
872
752,
131
5,38
8,67
2
369,
324
1, 4
58, 1
861,
233,
232
348,
406
500,
678
21
2,51
018
7, 8
2727
2,10
780
6,40
0
5,46
5,47
6
374,
869
1,47
8,40
01,
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, 905
360,
303
502,
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214,
723
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822
280,
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549,
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245,
480
204,
298
263,
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721,
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5, 7
86, 2
01
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319
1, 6
40, 1
131,
421,
139
375,
534
546,
269
227,
348
197,
516
261,
279
691,
684
6, 1
52, 5
33
464,
746
1, 7
57, 6
151,
514
, 633
389,
172
K7Q
«J
252,
343
204,
485
262,
612
727,
528
65, 8
70, 3
06
4, 8
23, 6
5518
,298
,853
15, 7
14, 9
724,
253
, 656
69Q
4
S4J.Q
2,58
6,66
7
3, 1
27, 1
428.
568
. 679
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c:
New
York
......... ..
..
Pen
nsyl
vani
a.. _
__
__
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
. ...................
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__
__
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lino
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isco
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- _ _
__
__
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Nor
th D
akot
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Sout
h D
akot
a. _
__
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sas _
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Sou
th A
tlan
tic:
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elaw
are _
__
__
___
Mar
ylan
d. _
-
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istr
ict
of C
olum
bia.
__
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gini
a....
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t V
irgin
ia
Nor
th C
arol
ina _
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rgia
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...
Flo
rida .
....
. ..........
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t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky,
...
....
....
....
Mis
siss
ippi
. __
__
__
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est
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h C
entr
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__
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44 f
tsa15
, 214
20,5
2621
9, 7
6853
,234
95,1
17
876,
056
130,
777
541,
167
352,
055
127,
806
465,
116
248,
913
127,
489
89,0
4686
,493
83,4
953,
812
6,42
031
,001
55, 7
91
9,77
166
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30,4
8469
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154,
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59, 5
6710
8,29
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24,6
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40,7
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14,8
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0,79
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81,8
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112
822
505,
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331,
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410,
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226,
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117,
123
75, 5
3689
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67, 1
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164
5,69
397
17
448
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8,29
940
,405
25,7
6260
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134,
564
60,0
9794
,502
68,6
3499
Q47
34,8
0767
,416
78,5
286,
717
13,0
6825
,367
28,0
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A -IQ
A.
20,4
7920
2,89
931
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82,4
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124,
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965
360,
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113,
989
426,
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246,
206
132,
226
74,9
0110
7, 9
6764
,551
3,06
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988
28,4
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8,26
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, 413
27,8
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69,4
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69,3
2624
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36,6
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, 147
82,7
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13,2
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29,3
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40,6
8225
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21,7
3018
5,27
128
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7/>, 6
12
817,
885
115,
113
530,
500
348,
244
112,
312
401,
717
235,
536
135,
443
69,2
0910
3,22
865
,657
2,69
35,
701
OO
T
49,6
97
7,47
932
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27,1
6362
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127,
102
78,2
7774
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67,5
4023
,303
35,2
2575
,805
83,9
606,
822
13, 5
7926
,495
29,3
2297
.472
44,4
67O
fe
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21,6
8617
8, 1
3527
,604
74,4
44
820,
181
113,
295
533,
368
359,
016
111,
716
397,
374
237,
090
121,
985
82,4
41O
8 70
S66
,572
2,57
45,
712
28,7
6750
,471
7,67
029
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27,9
3063
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121,
301
77, 5
9770
, 170
57,5
6422
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36,7
267>
i A
SA
88,4
336,
860
12,8
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30, 7
7699
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44,9
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21,3
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7,41
630
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78,4
26
798,
786
114,
779
502,
360
345,
308
113,
058
401,
929
235,
054
129,
589
81,0
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2,52
05,
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29,2
2854
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7,57
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28,7
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84,1
7260
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47, 1
0299
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4.
36,5
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93,6
447,
135
17,4
7627
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30,6
8810
2.46
3
38,9
9222
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18,6
0318
0,48
530
,925
77,5
22
822,
862
120,
407
514,
917
343,
385
115,
668
410,
929
242,
902
120,
348
81,5
4110
5, 3
8965
,669
2,78
26,
232
31,0
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, 791
8,04
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29,2
8665
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137,
654
78,5
4762
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44,4
21*>
A no
3
38, 9
5669
, 216
96,8
527,
486
18,4
3228
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140
17 0
5424
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176,
469
31,3
5985
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835,
278
118,
696
524,
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353,
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120,
398
426,
210
247,
905
119,
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90,3
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0,25
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6,25
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9,26
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29,0
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81,7
10.5
5,34
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, 701
25,2
46
39,9
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103,
777
7,47
5
16,6
3929
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32,9
8811
1.00
6
39,7
5418
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22,7
3319
1,47
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87,8
62
840,
412
125,
038
517,
549
372,
081
126,
675
442,
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256,
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102,
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90,3
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3,18
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32,6
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29,6
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Cm -si
158 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
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TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926,
in t
hous
ands
of
kilo
wat
t-
hours
Con
tinu
ed
[No
prod
uctio
n in
Sta
tes
omitt
ed]
By t
he u
se o
f fu
els,
192
5
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
....
....
..
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c .-
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al...
......
.
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Ohi
o....
.. ..
....
....
....
..
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Nor
th D
akot
a __
__
__
Kan
sas.
______ . .
....
Janu
ary
3, 8
78, 5
53
357,
635
1, 2
01, 2
231,
202
, 758
275,
596
347,
373
98,7
7917
6, 0
7046
,750
172,
369
8,85
56,
434
1,93
7,1
96,2
7753
,090
91,0
42
562,
950
130,
652
507,
621
350,
036
123,
265
450,
241
194,
226
QA
Q
ftO
57,9
8846
, 896
78,2
823,
812
5,85
029
,129
53.6
39
Febr
uary
3,25
8,01
5
1 02
1 84
41,
073
^171
232,
610
298,
998
66,6
5515
3,97
944
,760
100,
302
4,27
33,
938
937
155,
218
b7, 4
18A
A
Q1O
462.
540
446,
678
327,
499
-104
, 336
169,
714
74, 7
92
40,3
6761
, 487
3,16
45,
148
24 R
7fi
46.0
54
Mar
ch
3, 3
52. 4
88
238,
143
1,07
3,67
8
219,
462
321,
004
75, 7
3516
4, 6
2544
,955
95,4
33
907
1,84
5
150,
482
54,8
45
476,
454
473,
251
104,
134
410,
367
177,
860
71, 7
61
39, 7
9561
, 374
3,06
34,
842
25, 6
2148
. 577
Apr
il
3, 1
58, 9
47
215,
019
1,01
1,76
01,
063,
726
325,
304
91, 7
91
34, 3
7255
,671 26
51,
576
133,
802
27,5
0151
,687
440,
525
114,
880
456,
355
345,
539
104,
843
167,
373
61,5
45
38, 5
6560
,197
2,69
34,
580
25, 6
2047
. 116
May
3,21
2,68
4
214,
465
O
CO
t
1,08
7,30
0
321,
629
120,
214
168,
424
33, 0
78 too
1 01
716
912
9,39
427
, 056
55, 7
47
436,
034
113,
104
449,
693
356,
603
106,
880
379,
611
176,
946
67, 2
60
31,2
2839
,820
61, 7
972,
574
4,71
726
, 078
48.6
42
June
3, 3
98, 7
29
1,01
6,54
71,
085
, 034
209,
376
387,
524
177
033
40^6
67 337
2,8C
5
139,
208
70,2
29
446,
154
455,
738
343
844
110,
875
OO
A
OK
A
co
i
no
on
ft
on
39, 5
1263
,184
2,52
04,
383
26, 5
1552
.623
July
3, 5
11, 4
00
1, 0
34, 7
56
225,
277
402,
878
164
807
186,
476
40,3
09 536
3 24
917
213
9, 5
5630
, 667
68,6
05
120,
287
341,
217
112,
921
190,
851
69,5
29
29,3
16
64, 7
002,
782
4,82
8O
Q
At-
O
54. I
CO
Aug
ust
3, 6
95, 1
98
259,
340
260,
026
422,
575
188,
469
43,5
4111
8, 5
03
1 Q
Q7
4 08
895
914
3 30
931
, 116
77, 8
71
459,
856
118,
587
47
8,43
3
352,
428
117,
354
196,
851
52, 1
2844
, 974
68,7
613,
305
5,47
428
,179
57.2
C5
Sept
embe
r
3, 8
85, 4
46
281,
593
1, 2
09, 2
4526
7, 6
1844
6, 1
6820
5, 3
4919
8, 0
8042
, SCO
147,
166
4,13
54,
316
805
155,
563
33, 6
7383
,101
475,
289
124,
920
487,
218
370,
768
123,
567
426,
829
203,
336
84, 7
45
47,6
8046
,632
75,9
953,
180
5,61
229
, 965
58.5
54
Oct
ober
4, 1
47, 9
71
294,
477
1, 2
05, 2
571,
334
, 199
269,
468
464,
697
178,
263
199,
887
48, 1
8915
3,53
4
1,07
23,
984
403
169,
562
36, 6
8582
. 741
521,
987
141,
992
541,
278
412,
496
135,
651
473,
226
226,
319
86,5
07
49, 8
7948
, 466
72, 4
473,
691
6,10
031
,012
57, 8
73
Nov
embe
r
3, 8
39, 3
54
270,
542
1, 1
45, 3
811,
272
, 325
264,
004
414,
510
108,
251
192,
759
47, 0
8512
4, 4
97 360
3,19
419
416
6, 6
1830
, 089
70, 0
87
494,
406
514,
294
389,
049
131,
564
456,
209
209,
663
47, 1
9869
,253
3,60
35,
983
29,1
5357
. 475
Dec
embe
r
4, 1
75, 6
04
301,
748
1, 2
66, 4
121,
379
, 004
301,
944
452,
035
122,
600
199,
934
55,0
6296
, 865 501
3,46
516
118
6,50
034
, 818
76,3
03
553,
231
151,
644
561,
537
410,
691
142,
187
506,
200
225,
370
94,5
56
51, 1
6280
,522
4,36
36,
570
31,6
3661
. 118
Tot
al
43, 5
14, 3
89
3, 1
85, 8
2013
,119
,992
14,0
91,8
742,
935
, 935
4, 6
04, 6
951,
585
, 309
2,17
1,34
252
1,56
81,
297
, 854
22,7
4040
,811
6,40
61,
865
, 519
403,
174
847,
170
5,78
1,73
01,
504,
001
5, 8
34, 2
61
4, 3
55, 5
011,
417
, 607
5,07
1,02
12,
321
, 678
926,
067
510,
741
523,
916
817,
999
39,0
5064
,087
337,
166
642.
976
o
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
Mar
ylan
d _ _
__
......
Wes
t Vir
gin
ia..
. - ..
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Tex
as..
....
___ . _
__ .
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
o. _
________ ..
Uta
h.. ...
....
....
....
....
Paci
fic:
9,77
165
,929
30, 4
8442
, 381
151,
201
6,71
45,
968
11,0
2423
,891
41,0
6117
,586
30,8
479,
285
11,2
4329
, 847
33, 0
6710
1, 9
13 796
221
4,63
928
, 176
1,69
94,
390
6,66
916
0
2,61
712
,078
157,
674
8,29
940
,126
25, 7
6238
, 985
131,
826
14,0
349,
718
7,94
422
, 304
34, 8
071
"» 33
09,
792
6,71
7
10, 8
6525
, 367
27, 8
5189
,896 72
717
33,
979
28, 3
691,
516
3,57
96,
327 90
2,07
010
, 614
87, 6
18
8,26
533
,081
27, 8
3543
, 460
27, 2
8218
, 077
7,79
224
, 266
36, 6
0910
17
013
, 865
6,08
2
11,0
0627
,041
29,2
1397
, 365 69
619
54,
062
27,9
291,
638
3,33
27,
034 69
2,37
49,
613
83,4
46
7,47
932
, 607
27, 1
6343
, 478
124,
197
39, 6
3121
, 117
7,13
522
, 497
35, 2
25
26, 5
C56,
822
13, 0
4226
,495
29,1
3896
, 931 64
216
93,
921
25, 1
171,
724
2,77
2 0 27
2,26
19,
761
43, 6
49
7,67
028
,929
27,t3
043
, 030
118,
512
39, 1
8622
, 718
11, f
CO22
, 054
36, 7
2624
, 410
52, 2
186,
860
11, 4
3126
,963
30, 5
6499
, 436 66
216
33,
£31
23,5
531,
835
2,90
6 0 28
2,10
18,
359
43, 4
27
7,57
351
, 945
28, 7
3453
,230
127,
445
,54
,718
26, f
0215
, 276
21, 7
01
36, 5
6749
, 278
72, 0
577,
135
17, 0
6927
,562
30, 5
0910
1, 8
93 627
164
3,67
324
,050
1,96
53,
284
6,88
1 23
2,57
89,
342
62, 2
14
8,04
448
, 448
29,2
8658
, 688
136,
080
55, C
f 527
, 470
16,1
1923
,048
38, 9
5647
, 501
70, 8
647,
486
17,8
16,
28, 6
6032
, 064
107,
936 69
416
73,
852
23, 7
471,
866
3,29
96,
612 72
2,22
015
, 640
87, 6
33
9,26
149
, 661
29, 0
9962
, 165
139,
587
60, 0
6428
, 295
20, 3
8824
, 045
39, 9
0952
, 425
88, 0
197,
475
15, 7
9729
, 189
32, 8
3911
0, 6
44 758
175
3,84
426
, 967
1,63
92,
985
7,08
6 87
7,99
416
, 832
93, 6
77
9,24
459
,831
29,6
4464
, 625
129,
547
67, 1
7936
,062
24,1
8625
, 850
41, 3
6459
, 065
96,2
848,
636
17, 9
2229
, 985
34,6
2911
5, 5
44 .753 260
4,01
425
, 939
1,68
32,
962
7,10
5 84
14, 7
5619
, 183
113,
227
8,81
061
, 409
30, 7
8664
, 043
144,
024
66, 1
4037
, 678
21,5
8830
, 219
44, 8
3548
, 420
76, 1
728,
836
14,0
1432
,098
37,9
4911
5, 8
26 795
194
4,
477
30, 5
551,
806
2,89
97,
419 44
28,8
2824
, 681
100,
025
8,74
139
, 402
30, 0
9257
, 386
138,
028
61, 9
9432
,364
14, 2
2732
, 276
41, 5
7025
, 891
32, 7
698,
021
14,2
0131
, 720
36, 6
2111
0, 2
17 828
198
4,39
029
, 349
1,75
83,
357
7,15
5 60
16,5
0719
,386
88,6
04
8,94
347
, 903
32,9
8861
, 403
147,
304
68,6
0134
, 465
15,3
6435
,164
40,8
3534
, 646
39,5
477,
572
12, 1
9435
,365
37, 6
1911
4, 7
56 752
214
4,65
332
, 577
1,83
04,
191
10,7
84 61
3,86
111
, 151
81,8
53
102,
100
559,
271
349,
803
632,
884
1, 6
18, 7
0756
1, 1
3830
0,83
417
2, 6
4330
7,31
5
468,
464
416,
979
608,
939
90,9
27
166,
600
§j
350,
322
O39
2, 0
63
O1,
262,
357
d
8, 7
30
J_|
2,26
3 §
49, 4
35
y32
6,32
8 *
20, 9
59
o39
, 956
M
73,0
72
J79
5 fe
l
88, 1
67
H16
6, 6
40
61,
043,
047
»J S
Tot
al,
1926
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
.... _
...
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c......... _
_ .
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
. ___
____
__
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
.. ......
..
Pac
ific
......-
...-
.--.
.-.
6. 1
59, 1
53
1, 7
44, 3
811,
492
, 918
386,
516
612,
062
241,
756
208,
617
269,
336
740,
722
5.fi
29,4
35
426,
327
1, 6
16, 0
561,
378
, F36
3£3,
041
550,
270
229,
450
185,
070
246,
S27
643,
558
6. 1
77.6
1fi
1, 7
69, 7
321,
491,
302
374,
965
606,
411
247,
243
200,
078
271,
305
758,
461
6.P1
1.73
3
«CO,
323
1, 6
65, 7
141,
407
, 167
3£3,
£01
567,
242
229,
030
162,
636
266,
004
730,
116
5. ?
48, 7
f 2
3*7,
1(3
1, 6
25, 2
311,
368,
052
363,
871
553,
818
245,
706
169,
778
KG
, 747
813,
626
5. f
20, 0
30
3. 2
, 247
1, 6
CO, 1
031,
378
, £62
374,
f 05
554,
739
252,
411
212,
360
2.2,
555
861,
948
5, P
54, F
35
ScV
.St
1, 5
78, 2
231,
3F5
, 4f 0
353,
466
570,
756
249,
170
223,
6{ 2
266,
621
885,
009
6. 1
75, 4
75
40l>
, U2
1, 6
55, 3
281,
474,
032
387,
164
594,
816
2iO
, 4S6
231,
653
310,
846
861,
588
6.22
1 O
'O
427,
316
1,66
7,27
31,
LOG
, 7S8
363,
754
609,
225
266,
562
239,
£00
266,
840
813,
432
6.5f
4. 1
54
4&-.1
341,
£33,
4£3
1, 6
01, 4
6640
6, 4
0862
7, K
329
8,62
42E
O, £
3326
1, 8
1382
5, 9
50
6,48
2 12
5
454,
341
1,?
33, 4
361,
542,
811
400,
7tl
6t3,
061
273,
973
243,
445
289,
745
760,
492
6. 8
16, 6
46
£06,
3(0
1,6
37, £
721,
635
, 884
408,
532
697,
641
264,
518
251,
558
301,
966
812,
285
73,7
91.0
64
5, 1
65, 9
5520
,526
,802
17, 6
63, 5
784,
586
, 814
7, 1
97, 2
943,
049,
199
2, 6
39, 5
203,
424,
715
9, 5
37, 1
87
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n th
ousa
nds
of k
ilow
att-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
In S
tate
s om
itted
]
Tot
al,
19
26
Con
tinue
d
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
ew Y
ork _
_______
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
.... _
____
_ .........
..
Illi
nois
... ..
....
....
....
..M
ichi
gan _
............
..
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Dis
tric
t of
Col
umbi
a.V
irgin
ia..
....
....
....
....
Wes
t Vir
gini
a... _ . .
....
Sout
h C
arol
ina .
........
.G
eorg
ia ..
....
....
....
....
Flor
ida.
_________
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Ken
tuck
y ..
....
....
....
.Te
nnes
see-
..............
Ala
bam
a.. .
.............
Mis
siss
ippi
. . ..
.
Janu
ary
45,4
3620
,642
' 32
,413
229,
283
36, 5
1298
, 529
969,
240
148,
256
626,
885
409,
456
148,
370
510,
125
288,
536
136,
431
101,
748
100,
372
78,6
303,
895
6,98
732
,480
62,4
04
9,36
753
,343
32, 6
7475
,213
149,
649
8fi
Qfi
d
93,2
8569
, 792
41, 8
14
45,7
2082
, 696
106,
747
6.59
4
Feb
ruar
y
42,2
2317
, 135
29, 6
1021
0, 7
4934
, 493
92, 1
17
884,
303
133,
084
598,
669
378,
977
463,
307
270,
583
129,
990
89, 8
8797
,092
70, 8
983,
371
6,02
128
,876
56,8
96
8,62
140
,224
29,3
3970
,467
131,
729
70,0
8310
3,03
158
, 612
38,1
64
41,0
6472
,839
109,
148
6.39
9
Mar
ch
46,3
5921
, 986
20,0
1722
9, 0
7142
,640
98,0
46
963,
402
145,
039
661,
291
399,
622
146,
162
496,
930
293,
963
154,
625
85,7
1911
6,05
575
,748
3,32
66,
138
30,9
6357
,016
10,1
0239
,945
31,4
9475
,244
154,
416
nwu
.11
7,41
264
,454
41,7
50
42,2
0477
,760
121,
518
6.76
1
Apr
il
47,4
3226
, 395
17,0
8419
5, 8
4730
, 344
83,2
21
928,
654
132,
998
604,
062
377,
145
136,
739
459,
182
279,
472
154,
629
75,2
1211
1,60
270
, 679
3,15
16,
603
29,5
6056
,694
9,36
635
, 478
29,5
3070
, 281
139,
814
74,2
2310
1, 7
8864
,229
42,5
33
39,9
3473
,500
111,
475
4.12
1
May
46,6
3526
,683
18,6
3719
3, 1
1827
, 332
75, 5
58
913,
487
127,
745
583,
999
366,
396
131,
042
444,
879
275,
539
150,
196
81,4
3911
2, 8
3667
,535
8,22
76,
288
31,4
4861
,098
9,56
743
,864
30,4
8173
,784
135,
004
86,2
2879
,239
53,0
5042
,601
38, 9
8874
,027
128,
168
4.52
3
June
44,4
8423
, 773
19, 8
7219
2,20
631
, 124
80,7
88
895,
774
131,
864
572,
465
377,
726
132,
711
448,
321
277,
285
142,
819
87,7
7510
9,89
070
,252
3,13
36,
677
31,8
6665
,212
10, 1
7351
, 835
29,9
6076
, 175
132,
625
87,6
4575
,203
50,3
5840
,765
39, 1
2171
, 792
137,
166
4.33
2
July
40,4
4518
,948
25,8
6017
9,21
530
,818
87, 1
52
875,
834
136,
573
565,
816
379,
532
137,
695
461,
455
275,
123
131,
655
96,3
4610
2, 7
5674
,229
3,54
66,
436
34,2
5365
,900
11, 1
7662
,236
30, 8
5677
,271
133,
497
88, 4
0277
,287
49, 3
8340
, 648
40, 3
6371
,108
133/
348
4.35
1
Aug
ust
43,1
8315
,560
21,0
6518
3,44
548
, 520
97, 8
29
911,
629
143,
634
600,
165
398,
210
148,
069
488,
583
283,
715
165,
455
80,8
7511
3,99
676
,364
4,39
96,
565
34,7
1670
,249
12,0
3054
,348
31, 6
7680
,200
148,
214
91, 1
9574
,824
60,0
2442
, 305
41,8
4668
,574
134,
473
5.66
3
Sep
tem
ber
42,1
9916
, 614
17,0
0019
2, 4
0059
, 552
99, 6
31
908,
501
146,
970
611,
802
407,
273
150,
489
505,
669
282,
327
161,
030
84,1
7311
7,41
479
,095
4,28
66,
765
34,9
6167
,060
11,3
5654
,770
31, 5
7980
,066
151,
726
92, 7
9581
,230
65, 6
5340
,050
42,8
0870
, 813
148,
518
4.42
3
Oct
ober
44, 7
0323
, 214
17,6
4621
8, 6
2862
,354
101,
489
1, 0
03, 1
6415
9,47
167
0,81
8
428,
344
162,
327
544,
932
295,
167
170,
696
87,2
2412
1, 2
7981
, 360
4,72
87,
075
35, 1
7569
, 567
11,4
5448
,490
33,2
1383
, 321
162,
666
116,
040
78,8
5650
, 530
42,7
33
46, 1
1379
,096
169,
137
4.67
8
Nov
embe
r
48, 5
9229
,966
18, 7
1222
5,60
436
, 719
94,7
48
1,01
0,80
015
7, 9
0766
4,72
9
408,
592
162,
317
528,
594
275,
182
168,
126
82,6
9912
2, 7
7480
,889
5,22
47,
163
34,7
0567
, 337
6,87
046
, 151
33,6
2281
, 161
178,
420
125,
003
78, 4
9855
,767
47,5
99
46,4
0275
,303
148,
274
8.69
4
Dec
embe
r
52, 7
3222
, 618
26, 9
9824
9, 3
4945
, 831
108,
832
1, 0
67, 8
1917
3, 3
4069
6, 7
13
429,
755
166,
535
578,
422
295,
921
165,
251
87,0
9411
8, 9
1286
,824
5,26
97,
624
35,8
2966
, 980
8,78
457
, 305
36,9
4982
, 699
189,
719
127,
206
77,5
4568
,726
48,7
08
49,2
3776
,508
134,
745
4.02
8
Tota
l
544,
423
263,
624
264,
914
2,49
8,91
547
6,23
91,
117,
940
11,3
32,5
071,
736
, 881
7,45
7,41
4
4, 7
61, 0
281,
758,
435
5, 9
30, 3
993,
392
, 813
1,82
0,90
3
1, 0
40, 1
911,
344
, 978
912,
603
47,5
5580
,342
394,
832
766,
413
118,
866
587,
989
381,
373
926,
882
1,80
7,36
01,
117,
378
1,03
8,19
871
0, 5
7850
9,67
0
513,
800
894,
015
1,58
2,71
758
,667
Oi
to
Wes
t Sou
th C
entra
l:
Lou
isia
na _
. ___ . _
_O
klah
oma _
______
_T
exas
..... ___ . _
__
_M
ount
ain:
M
onta
na ..
...............
Idah
o ________ _
_
Col
orad
o... ..............
Uta
h..
_ ..
..............
Paci
fic:
W
ashi
ngto
n ..............
Ore
gon.
..
..............
Cal
ifor
nia.
... ...
....
....
.
18,1
80
42,8
37
36,6
86
116,
014
110,
422
63,3
42
5,60
0 47
,537
1,
857
8,05
7 30
,256
2,
265
150,
431
73,3
78
516,
913
18,6
35
36,0
62
32,6
25
102,
848
106,
106
54
,888
'4
,978
40
,483
1,
648
8,36
9 26
,837
3,
518
130,
053
62,5
90
450,
916
14,6
94
36,9
60
34,7
85
113,
679
116,
097
54, 8
89
4,85
6 45
, 870
1,
944
10,9
29
32,2
44
4,47
6
147,
824
64,4
24
546,
213
15,0
26
34,4
69
33,1
73
109,
968
111,
005
65
,018
4,
429
44,7
45
1,75
3 7,
886
26,9
21
4,24
7
145,
982
63,9
98
520,
136
14,1
68
37,2
17
34,3
74
114,
034
112,
267
74
,860
4,
426
45, 7
03
1,86
8 15
,701
31
,360
4,
562
154,
326
66
, 413
59
2, 8
87
14,6
01
42, 1
72
35,9
77
119,
610
109,
189
75
, 131
4,
492
45,5
43
2,00
8 22
, 412
29
,637
4,
143
148,
293
66
,966
64
6,68
9
14,4
18
43,8
40
38,5
33
126,
901
116,
972
80,2
57
4,62
7 46
,080
2,
308
15,4
24
27,0
95
3,85
8
148,
308
67,5
17
669,
184
18,0
09
46,6
06
39,5
97
132,
441
125,
642
80,7
99
4,21
4 47
, 743
2,
658
20,9
96
25,8
44
2,95
0
143,
583
71,0
78
646,
927
12,4
09
48,9
80
40,2
45
138,
166
123,
551
71
, 901
4,
879
47,5
35
2,45
8 21
,384
24
, 210
92
2
136,
598
70,8
56
605,
978
12,1
64
51,5
94
45,7
35
141,
340
124,
265
63
,783
5,
309
49, 6
55
2,55
9 15
,980
29
,816
52
6
160,
673
74, 7
69
590,
508
13,8
95
49,0
70
46,0
77
134,
403
122,
522
61, 6
57
5,61
7 49
,079
2,
334
13,5
64
33,2
13
1,75
9
163,
391
72
,961
55
4,14
0
12,6
53
49,9
86
45,4
21
143,
498
129,
865
64,2
64
5,95
4 51
,989
2,
598
11,6
41
32, 1
71
3,61
4
178,
330
76, 1
85
557,
770
103,
697
519,
798
463,
128
1,
492,
902
1,40
7,90
3 |
810,
789
' 59
, 381
56
1, 9
62
25,9
93
172,
243
349,
604
36,8
40
1,80
7,79
2 »t
83
1, 1
85
W
6, 8
98, 2
60
O
O...
q
By
the
use
of
wat
er p
ower
, 19
26
^ I-H
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
..
....
..
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c... ...........
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
..........
Sout
h A
tlan
tic.
.. ..
......
.E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al ..
....
....
.
1, 9
84, 3
03
155,
014
47
7, 8
91
124,
467
92,4
38
182,
646
159.
028
1,93
1,56
8
139,
626
44
6, 5
16
121,
929
95
, 875
21
4, 1
31
158.
411
2, 2
86, 6
05
160,
489
517,
428
171,
173
12
8,75
6 23
4, 9
75
181.
446
2,34
6,77
9
165,
022
536,
481
21
6, 7
96
143,
416
20
9, 2
65
165.
485
2, 3
41, 8
00
162,
101
52
0, 6
15
198,
540
133,
937
14
1, 9
13
166.
888
2,25
8,11
1
140,
225
488,
002
19
0, 3
11
126,
088
12
1, 7
97
152.
006
2, 0
22, 9
75
. 12
1,93
3 *
440,
839
142,
525
11
0, 2
86
124,
715
10
3. 3
34
2,09
8,42
6
100,
151
46
3,09
5 15
3,02
4 11
5, 3
99
155,
415
174,
229
2,07
8,19
4
87, 7
41
485,
047
172,
728
145,
987
15
7, 6
08
161.
413
2,18
1,37
1
120,
198
557,
883
195,
189
15
5,00
4 15
0,76
4 13
5,37
9
2,25
5,09
4
167,
917
569,
623
19
8,64
5 14
3, 6
10
166,
270
17
7,00
4
2, 4
04, 5
75
164,
373
546,
114
18
3,65
1 12
4, 6
37
227,
373
19
1,05
6
5
26, 1
88, 8
01
^
1,68
4,79
0 O
6,
049,
534
"
2, 0
68, 9
78
._,
1, 5
15, 4
33
§
2,08
6,87
2 g
1.92
5.67
9 S
TAB
LE 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n
thou
sand
s of
kil
owat
t-
ho
urs
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
] ._
. *0B
y th
e us
e of
wat
er p
ower
, 1926 C
onti
nued
P <i
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h D
akota
............
Neb
rask
a _________
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
M
aryla
nd... .
.. _
__
...
Wes
t Vir
gini
a...
........
Nor
th C
arol
ina _
__
_
Geo
rgia
_ ..
. _
. ..
. ..
Flo
rida.
.,-.
..-.
_ ..
.....
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky.
__
__
__
_ .
Ala
bam
a. _
_ . _
__
. _
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Okl
ahom
a __
_ . .
.......
Tex
as __
__
..
.. _
...
Mou
ntai
n:
Idah
o ___ .-
--..--
--.-
--
Ari
zona
______ . _
~U
tah
....
_ .
Paci
fic:
Janu
ary
30, 5
97
50, 9
15
5,80
1 53
8 2,
481
2,10
6
2,63
2 17
,664
2,
228
33,4
31
67,4
53
57,2
00
2,03
8
5,72
6 57
, 068
96
,234
3,19
3 20
3 72
5
109,
598
63,1
57
1,00
4 15
,117
63
3,
911
19, 4
13
2,18
5
146,
588
63
,215
36
4,44
7
Feb
ruar
y
27,9
61
56,1
81
6,04
9 50
6 2,
741
2,43
7
2,26
4 25
, 471
2,
825
42,4
30
87, 3
81
51,9
25
1,83
5
7,06
1 54
,338
97
,012
4,26
4 16
9 59
3
105,
319
54,7
26
949
12, 7
41
60
4,95
7 16
, 807
3,
441
127,
176
51
,014
37
2,86
4
Mar
ch
42,6
55
72,5
54
7,48
4 90
0 2,
540
2,62
3
298
25,5
54
3,12
9 44
,548
10
2, 6
50
57, 1
19
1,67
7
6,61
2 60
, 397
11
4,43
7
5,36
9 18
7 74
2
115,
306
54, 6
49
935
16,2
23
84
7,90
2 20
,966
4,
436
144,
447
52, 2
57
468,
835
Apr
il
60, 0
05
68,9
38
8,33
8 83
8 2,
350
2,94
7
567
24,4
56
3,13
2 42
,238
79
,500
57
, 818
1,
554
1,88
5 57
,256
10
6, 3
44
6,57
7 30
4 65
2
110,
216
64
,847
86
4 18
,221
63
5,
255
25,8
25
4,22
9
142,
670
49
, 676
47
9,90
6
May
55, 8
81
68,2
39
3,49
1 75
4 3,
042
2,53
0
518
15, 1
65
2,89
7 27
, 629
47
, 869
46
,383
1,
452
1,88
4 49
, 187
11
5, 8
17
4,17
4 26
4 67
9
111,
410
74, 7
17
888
21, 7
07
79
12, 7
45
28,6
06
4,53
2
150,
765
53
,731
55
3,50
9
June
50, 2
30
65, 0
05
4,27
2 74
8 2,
982
2,85
1
1,66
6 10
,731
7,
334
17,4
40
40,0
17
43,2
84
1,32
5
2,92
5 42
,445
10
6, 6
36 516
196
920
108,
392
74
,947
93
6 20
,622
93
19
, 315
20
,892
4,
100
144,
637
47
, 681
59
6,43
5
July
48,1
24
55, 2
78
1,01
9 69
1 3,
200
1,97
4
3,14
4 8,
616
6,42
3 22
,853
41
,507
40
,429
1,74
3
5,23
5 27
, 871
70
,228 26
0 17
6 1,
187
116,
107
80
,075
91
2 21
, 914
93
12
, 213
18
, 096
3,
759
144,
505
39,8
62
540,
184
Aug
ust
39,8
13
65,2
56
4,24
2 71
3 2,
864
2,51
1
2,31
9 12
,253
12
, 412
29
,685
43
,999
52
,828
1,
919
1,02
6 49
,648
12
3,55
5
340
208
1,11
6
124,
739
80
,602
46
3 20
,581
82
17
, 516
14
,862
2,
782
135,
482
39
,839
49
8,50
1
Sep
tem
ber
63,1
43
68,2
02
7,22
7 64
1 3,
650
3,12
4
4,68
8 8,
660
14,9
09
26,2
75
44,1
75
57,7
92
1,10
9
5,42
2 39
,436
11
6, 5
55 248
262
944
122,
595
71,6
96
978
19,5
75
86
16, 8
12
13,1
04
700
122,
056
42,0
90
456,
524
Oct
ober
69,3
46
70,4
20
7,87
8 78
2 3,
377
3,20
1
6,20
9 10
,206
19
,053
37
, 573
34
,872
41
, 707
1,
144
7,95
8 19
,481
10
7,94
0
1,09
5 1,
602
802
123,
261
63
,576
1,
017
17, 5
25
119
11,9
73
17,8
21
314
155,
305
47
, 140
42
5.40
4
Nov
embe
r
55,9
26
71,9
87
9,14
0'
633
2,68
2 3,
242
5,84
9 19
, 678
15
, 629
36
,684
41
, 259
46
,096
1,
075
8,76
0 44
,122
12
4,12
2
3,92
8 1,
611
799
121,
493
61,4
50
1,06
7 14
,839
11
2 9,
739
18,7
92
1,56
1
158,
239
41
, 288
39
7, 1
07
Dec
embe
r
43, 5
17
65,3
93
9,42
4 57
5 2,
166
3,56
2
5,98
5 27
,829
28
,090
51
,884
51
, 270
60
,967
1,
348
9,86
3 55
,980
12
5, 2
13
3,07
1 45
6 1,
044
128,
796
64
,080
1,
210
16,0
27
87
7,54
6 19
,928
3,
402
172,
477
56,7
62
49
2,48
5
To
tal
W >
587,
198
S!
77
8, 3
68
o
74, 3
65
J4
8, 3
19
H
34,0
55
*4
33, 1
08
,
36,1
39
%
. 20
6,28
3 O
11
8,06
1 ,_
41
2, 6
70
3
631,
952
§>
61
3, 5
48
O
18,2
19
2 d64
, 357
O
55
7, 2
29
3
1,30
4,09
3 o
33, 0
35
^
5,63
8 M
10
,203
!3
*1, 3
97, 2
32
rt
808,
522
g
11,2
23
3
215,
092
a
1,02
1 B
12
9,88
4 O
23
5, 1
12
35,4
41
g|
1,74
4,35
6 |*
L
584,
555
3*
5,64
6,20
1 go
By
the
use
of f
uels
, 19
26
Uni
ted
Stat
es- .
..........
New
Eng
land
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c....
.. ........
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al -.
.....-
-W
est N
orth
Centr
al
.
Sout
h A
tlant
ic _
....
....
....
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
...... _
.M
ount
ain ..................
..Pa
cifi
c....
__
........
...
New
Eng
land
:
New
Ham
pshi
re .
........
Mas
sach
uset
ts...
. .....
..
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Pen
nsyl
vani
a....
- __
...
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....
....
....
....
.....
Indi
ana.
. .............
...
Illi
nois
--...
..............
Mic
higa
n ...
....
....
......
Wis
cons
in _
__
__
___
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Min
neso
ta ..
............
..Io
wa .
..................
..M
isso
uri-
- _
-- .
Sout
h D
akota
--
Neb
rask
a ...
....
....
....
..K
ansa
s ______ ..
. ....
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Del
awar
e ...
... .
-..
.-
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia.
. ..
.V
irgi
nia.
.. ..
....
....
.....
Wes
t Vir
gini
a. .......
....
Nor
th C
arol
ina ... ..
Sout
h C
arol
ina.
....-
- _ .
Flo
rida
.....
.... _
__
...
4,17
4,85
0
307,
801
1,26
6,49
01,
368
, 451
294,
078
429,
446
82,7
2820
4,49
654
,888
166,
472 59
33,
676
176
183,
263
35,9
5684
,137
555,
104
148,
126
563,
260
406,
100
140,
177
493,
660
227,
583
100,
931
71, 1
5149
,457
72,8
293,
895
6,44
929
,999
60,2
98
9,36
750
,711
32, 6
7457
,549
147,
412
53,5
3325
,832
12,5
9239
.776
3, 6
97, 8
67
286,
701
1, 1
69, 5
401,
256,
907
257,
166
336,
139
71,0
3918
0,04
447
,827
92,5
04 175
3,72
733
017
1,86
033
,886
76,7
23
506,
915
132,
860
529,
765
375,
077
124,
092
446,
811
213,
993
96,9
34
61,9
2640
,911
64,8
493,
371
5,51
526
, 135
54, 4
59
8,62
137
,960
29,3
3944
,996
128,
904
27,6
5315
,650
6,68
736
.329
3,89
1,01
1
297,
630
1, 2
52, 3
041,
320
, 129
246,
209
371,
436
65, 7
9719
3, 7
8050
,804
92,9
22 219
3,77
0'5
3718
2,05
541
,640
69,4
09
533,
099
144,
757
574,
448
395,
082
128,
514
478,
540
222,
522
95,4
71
43,0
6443
, 501
68,2
643,
326
5,23
828
,423
54,3
93
10, 1
0239
,647
31,4
9449
,690
151,
287
27,0
4614
,762
7,33
540
.073
3,46
5,95
4
235,
301
1,12
9,23
31,
190
, 371
210,
085
357,
977
63,5
4518
5, 1
0336
,484
57,8
55 147
3,16
832
414
8,21
029
,442
54,0
10
474,
799
132,
748
521,
686
372,
133
117,
951
440,
813
191,
819
67,6
55
15,2
074
,664
62,3
413,
151
5,76
527
, 210
53,7
47
9,36
634
, 911
29,5
3045
,825
136,
682
31,9
8522
,288
6,41
140
.979
3,50
6,99
2
225,
862
1, 1
04, 6
161,
169
, 512
229,
934
411,
905
78, 8
1819
4, 6
6136
,063
55, 6
21 140
1,97
030
414
1,40
426
,732
55,3
12
457,
890
127,
520
519,
206
363,
231
120,
053
425,
677
195,
220
65,3
31
25,5
5844
,597
64,0
443,
227
5,53
428
,406
58,5
68
9,56
743
, 346
30,4
8158
,619
132,
107
58,5
9931
, 370
6,66
741
. 149
3, 6
61, 9
19
252,
022
1, 11
2, 1
011,
188
, 551
248,
717
432,
942
100,
405
210,
728
43, 2
5873
, 195 246
3,44
727
014
5, 6
7330
,733
71,6
53
462,
161
131,
644
518,
296
374,
694
121,
977
428,
917
199,
080
63,8
83
37,5
4544
,885
65,9
803,
133
5,92
928
,884
62,3
61
10,1
7350
,169
29,9
6065
,444
125,
291
70,2
0535
,186
7,07
439
.440
Q
1
ftC
A
260,
505
1,13
7,38
41,
242,
935
273,
180
446,
041
145,
836
222,
069
43,4
5216
0,45
8
1,92
64,
420
688
141,
320
30,5
0481
,647
471,
968
136,
474
528,
942
377,
373
132,
518
442,
287
213,
819
76,9
38
48,2
2247
,478
73,2
103,
546
5,74
531
,053
63,9
26
11, 1
7659
,092
30,8
5668
,655
127,
074
TJ5.
549
35,7
808,
954
38.9
05
A nT
7 /U
Q
309,
441
1,19
2,23
31,
321,
008
271,
765
439,
401
76,2
2722
9,98
949
,219
187,
766
7,25
45,
030
906
159,
662
48,2
0488
,385
511,
251
143,
489
537,
493
395,
221
141,
808
469,
272
232,
523
82,1
84
41,0
6248
,740
72,1
224,
399
5,85
231
,852
67, 7
38
12,0
3052
,029
31,6
7667
,947
135,
802
61,5
1030
,825
7,19
640
,386
4,14
2,87
6
339,
655
1,18
2,22
61,
334,
060
247,
767
451,
617
105,
149
238,
346
51,2
9419
2,76
2
10,3
466,
011
982
169,
917
59,4
7192
,928
499,
780
146,
810
535,
636
402,
733
139,
205
486,
981
234,
504
70,6
37
21,0
3049
, 212
71,8
684,
286
6,12
431
, 311
63,9
36
11,3
5650
,082
31, 5
7971
,406
136,
817
66,5
2037
,055
7,86
138
,941
4,41
2,78
3
337,
836
1,27
5,57
01,
406,
277
251,
404
476,
429
163,
545
247,
334
56,2
8719
8, 1
01
7,43
25,
338
412
182,
884
52,2
6589
,505
540,
391
159,
240
575,
939
423,
214
146,
152
526,
499
237,
218
73,1
94
17,8
7850
,859
73,4
824,
728
6,29
431
,798
66,3
66
11,4
5442
,281
33,2
1373
, 115
143,
503
78,4
6743
,984
8,82
341
,589
4,26
7,03
1
286,
424
1,26
3,81
31,
344
, 166
257,
181
486,
821
96,9
6923
7, 1
0760
,692
193,
858
461
3,77
430
417
4,78
936
,406
70,6
90
531,
796
157,
553
574,
464
403,
447
149,
622
509,
336
209,
239
72,6
02
26,7
7350
,787
71, 7
495,
224
6,53
032
,023
64,0
95
6,87
040
,302
33,6
2261
,483
162,
791
88,3
1937
,239
9,67
146
.524
4,41
2,07
1
341,
987
1, 3
91, 7
581,
452,
233
283,
895
470,
268
73,4
6224
6,98
760
,920
90,5
61 382
4,33
8
188
203,
081
45,4
7688
,522
608,
577
172,
945
610,
236
426,
041
155,
439
558,
554
227,
965
84,2
34
43,5
7753
, 519
77,4
005,
269
7,04
933
,663
63,4
18
8,78
451
,320
36,9
4954
,870
161,
629
75,3
2226
,275
7,75
947
.360
47,6
02,2
63
3, 4
81, 1
6514
,477
,268
15, 5
94, 6
003,
071,
381
5, 1
10, 4
221,
123
, 520
2, 5
90, 6
4459
1, 1
881,
562,
075
29,3
2148
,669
5,43
12,
004,
118
470,
715
922,
921
6,15
3,73
11,
734,
166
6, 5
89, 3
71
4,71
4,34
61,
617,
508
5,70
7,26
72,
605,
485
949,
994
452,
993
566,
610
838,
138
47,5
5572
,023
360,
757
733,
305
118,
866
551,
850
381,
373
719,
599
1,68
9,29
970
4,70
835
6,24
697
,030
491.
451
en
TABL
E 4
1.
Mon
thly
pro
duct
ion
of e
lect
ric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-192
6, i
n th
ousa
nds
of k
ilow
att-
hours
Con
tinu
ed[N
o pr
oduc
tion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
By
the
use
of fu
els,
192
6 C
onti
nued
s w Q O
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky _
______
_T
enne
ssee
__
__
__
__
Ala
bam
a _______
_M
issi
ssip
pi _
_____
__
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Ark
ansa
s ...............
..L
ouis
iana
.. ............
..O
klah
oma .
....
....
....
...
Tex
as. _
________
_M
ount
ain:
* M
onta
na ..
............
...
Idah
o.. .
....
....
....
.....
Wyo
min
g ..
Col
orad
o". ...
....
....
.....
New
Mex
ico .
....
....
.....
Ari
zona
.. ..
....
....
......
Uta
h __ ..
. ...........
..N
evad
a ________
_Pa
cific
: W
ashi
ngto
n __
__
__
_O
rego
n .................
..C
alif
orni
a. ..
....
....
....
.
Janu
ary
39,9
9425
,627
10, 5
136,
594
9,98
742
,837
36,3
8311
5,28
9
824
185
4,59
632
,420
1,79
44,
146
10,8
43 80
3,84
310
,163
152,
466
Feb
ruar
y
34,0
0318
,501
12, 1
366,
399
9,27
136
,062
32,4
5610
2,25
5
787
162
4,02
927
,742
1,58
83,
412
10,0
30 77
2,87
711
,576
78,0
51
Mar
ch
35,5
9217
,363
7,08
15,
761
9,28
536
,960
34,5
9811
2,93
7
791
240
3,92
129
,647
1,86
03,
027
11,2
78 40
3,37
712
, 167
77,3
78
Apr
il
38,0
4916
,244
5,13
14,
121
8,44
934
,469
32,8
6910
9, 3
16 789
171
3,56
526
,524
1,69
02,
631
1,09
6 18
3,30
314
,322
40,2
30
May
37,1
0424
,840
12,3
514,
523
9,97
937
,217
34,1
1011
3,35
5
857
143
3,53
823
,996
1,78
92,
956
2,75
4 30
3,56
112
,682
39,3
78
Jun
e
36,1
9629
,347
30,5
304,
332
14,0
8542
,172
35,7
8111
8,69
0
797
184
3,55
624
,921
1,91
53,
097
8,74
5 43
3,65
619
,285
50,2
54
July
35, 1
2843
,237
63,1
204,
351
14,1
5843
,840
38,3
5712
5,71
4
865
182
3,71
524
,166
2,21
53,
211
8,99
9 99
3,80
327
,655
129,
000
Aug
ust
40,8
2018
,926
10,9
185,
563
12,6
6946
,606
39,3
8913
1,32
5
903
197
3,75
127
, 162
2,57
63,
480
10,9
82 168
8,10
131
, 239
148,
426
Sept
embe
r
37,3
8631
,377
31,9
634,
423
12,1
6148
,980
39,9
8313
7,22
2
956
205
3,90
127
,960
2,37
24,
572
11,1
06 222
14,5
4228
,766
149,
454
Oct
ober
38,1
5559
, 615
61, 1
974,
578
11,0
6951
, 594
44,1
3314
0,53
8
1,00
420
74,
292
32, 1
302,
440
4,00
711
,995 21
2
5,36
827
, 629
165,
104
Nov
embe
r
37,6
4231
, 181
24,1
523,
994
9,96
749
,070
44,4
6613
3,60
4
1,02
920
74,
550
34,2
402,
222
3,82
514
,421 19
8
5,15
231
, 673
157,
033
Dec
embe
r
39,3
7420
,528
9,53
24,
028
9,58
249
,986
44,9
6514
2,45
4
1,06
918
44,
744
35,9
622,
511
3,99
512
,243 21
2
5,85
319
,423
65,2
85
Tot
al
449,
443
336,
786
278,
624
5,66
7
130,
662
519,
793
457,
490
1,48
2,69
9
10,6
712,
267
48,1
5834
6,87
024
,972
42,3
5911
4,49
21,
399
63,4
3624
6,58
01,
252,
059
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 167
TABLE 42. Annual production of electricity by the use of wood for fuel, 1926, in kilowatt-hours (included in Table 41}
[NOTE. The estimated production in 1919 was 140,000,000 kilowatt-hours]
State
Florida _____Georgia .........Idaho.............
Mississippi. __
Oregon 1 ..........South Carolina ... Washington ......
AH other States *.
United States.....
1920
1,226,000 6, 671, 000 2,424,000 3, 864, 000 1,284,000 2,789,000 8, 721, 000 8,476,000
526,000 99, 972, 000
152,000 9,888,000 6,105,000 5,268,000
157,366,000
1921
2,236,000 7,269,000 3, 319, 000 6, 176, 000 3,253,000 1, 168, 000 4,258,000 7, 382, 000 2, 116, 000
84,156,000 467,000
12,357,000 4,128,000 3,691,000
141,976,000
1922
3,899,000 7, 824, 000 4, 721, 000 7,484,000 1,443,000 1,792,000 7,201,000 7,703,000 2, 714, 000
136,456,000 870,000
20, 849, 000 5, 471, 000 4, 169, 000
212,596,000
1923
2,699,000 7,174,000 4,363,000 5,865,000 1,652,000 1, 841, 000 5,942,000
10,427,000 4, 373, 000
159, 269, 000 860.000
23,230,000 2, 964, 000 3, 828, 000
1924
3, 150, 000 7,780,000 4,536,000 5, 102, 000 1, 491, 000 1, 261, 000 8,830,000 7,179,000 6, 287, 000
167,808,000 568,000
16, 024, 000 3,336,000 2, 948, 000
234,487,000 236,300,000i
1925
4, 124, 000 8,917,000 4,732,000
115 49? 600 2, 285, 000 1,504,000
12,671,000 4, 219, 000 8,215,000
164,605,000 1, 059, 000
19,729,000 1, 217, 000 4, 190, 000
249,962,000
1026
4,394,000 9,809,000 2,26J,000 3,394,000 2,253,000 1,334,000
11,596,000 703,000
8,526,000 242,.560,000
552,000 34,128,000
980,000 5,916,000
328,409,000
* 1920, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Oklahoma, Texas, Virginia; 1921, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Oklahoma, Texas; 1922, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Texas; 1923, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Montana; 1924, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, Texas, Virginia; 1925, Alabama, Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Texas; 1926, Alabama, Arizona, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Texas, Virginia.
TABLE 43. Monthly consumption of fuels in generating electric power by pvMic- utility power plants in the United States, 1919-1926
[No consumption in States omitted]
1919
COAL (SHORT TONS)
Division and State
United States...........
New England __ , ______Middle Atlantic ______ ...East North Central ........West North Central _ .......South Atlantic ................East South Central ...........West South Central _ .......Mountain ___________Pacific . ...___..._....__
New England: Maine ___________New Hampshire ___ . ...Vermont ..................Massachusetts ............Rhode Island .............Connecticut ...............
Middle Atlantic: New York ................New Jersey ...............Pennsylvania .............
East North Central: Ohio.... ___ ....... _ .Indiana ...................Illinois ___ . ___ . __ ..Michigan. ................Wisconsin _________
West North Central: Minnesota. ...............Iowa ......................Missouri ..................North Dakota ............South Dakota .............Nebraska .................Kansas __________
February
2, 865, 567
229,125882,809989,884330,399195, 511105,38564,15764,4633,834
3835,395
542129, 17129,69263,942
368,569112,366401, 874
314,873141, 060335,309129, 41769,225
57,28285,74587,47616,6385,725
29,94647.588
March
2, 912, 885
232,454891, 610
1,030,326315, 171198,273101, 11971,60368,4233,906
3483,911
412143, 52522,02462,234
363,338115,711412, 561
321, 643157, 931350,824124,94174,987
39, 81079,69489,531-17, 1537,005
30,95651.022
April
2,643,384
212,634835,707918, 477276,259186,105
- 92,93460,47358,1612,634
3573.241
246129, 87720,81958,094
325, 474114, 137396,096
289, 610143,829318,378113,62353,037
25,03872, 21182,14314,4733,945
29,81348.636
July
2, 656, 634
. 230,840842,603901, 949280,670194,59693,51697, 67452,5042,282
5345,8083,909
130,42822,64867, 513
336,702116,944388,957
279,834142,122304,160129, 61246,221
26,52369,70382,04514,8085,017
31,90650.668
September
2.768,515
22L086856,419968,845286, 917226,165100, 42149,99054,450.4,222
1,4854,275
531119,99328,49466,308
344,880112, 138399,401
286,869149,881319,534150,92361,638
47,34672,55777,87413,7385,972
32,60236.828
October
3,050,864
236,386933,502
1,062,471323,537260,592:110,086;67,05868,9288,304
1,1674,215
367128,17827,37175,088
377, 137..127,226429,139
310, 676169,368353,493162,23166*703
65,97481,4518% 850JL6.1987,138
35,06045.866
168 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 43. Monthly consumption of fuels in generating electric power by public- utility power plants tn the United States, 1919-1986 Continued
[No consumption in States omitted]
1919 Continued
COAL (SHORT TONS)
Division and State
Bouth Atlantic: Delaware-...-...Maryland...... __District of ColumbiaVirginia...... _ .West Virginia-North Carolina....South Carolina..... .Georgia.......Florida.. .......
Bast South Central: Kentucky........Tennessee........Alabama..... _Mississippi..... .
West South Central: Arkansas.......Louisiana.. ..._...Oklahoma .Texas...
Mountain: Montana. .....Idaho.....
Colorado.. .New Mexico..Arizona.... _ .Utah.......Nevada. _ . _ ..
Pacific: Washington........Oregon...... _ .. .
February
8,61028,45221, 41829 12762,45815,6489,844
3,424
38,252OQ 7Oft
27,02616,381
13,38614,30511,136OK QOA
5,537120
12, 45041,5074,045
54165
198
3,611223
March
7,71323,65721,44031,44470,71716,2349,540
11,9345,594
39,38628,72416,46716,542
11, 17713,88512,57833,963
5,591111
13,38444,0794,438
57961
180
3,473433
April
7,00020,75520,98328,45369,42615,6128,811
12,0093,056
37,38024,71014,83616,008
9,90213,87810,07526,618
5,455121
12, 24236,1353,627
410-31
140
2,411223
July
6,60425,95121, 41230,67469,52614,9158,761
13,5603,193
39,39022,15615,45816, 512
8,36411,3248,717
29,269
t ft<U
- ^12,75229,2044,1331,238
0195
2,060222
September
6,88938,88320,01835,99372,90917, 1728,570
23,7022,029
33,02428,89022,57915,928
7,93011,3776,172
24, 511
4,334-187
10,99133,3704,0281,378
5157
3,268954
October
8,15735,14422,050
40,04195,61419,31210,88427,0632,327
36,02630,10525,97317,982
8, 13512,7149,513
26,696
4,930156
13, 13134,984
4,1411,383
5198
7,2701,034
FUEL OIL (BARRELS)
United States..
New England- .....Middle Atlantic. .....East North Central- ..West North Central. . ....South Atlantic. .....East South Central......West South Central-Mountain........Pacific... .......
New England:
Vermont.. _ _Massachusetts.. _ .Connecticut.... __ ....
Middle Atlantic: New York...New Jersey......... . ..Pennsylvania- ....
East North Central: Ohio.. .........
Illinois... .........Michigan..... ............Wisconsin......
West North Central: Minnesota. _ . ___ . ...Iowa _ . ______ .Missouri _ . ___ .North Dakota... _ . ...South Dakota. ...........
Kansas........ ...........
656,368
386658
5,94090,45833,125
822210,272
73,125941 *tft9
7202
24333
5449222
739448
3,913191644
1,138787
33,571539
3,1643,512
47. 747
633,515
366663
3,97391,00432,493
763218,28062,583
223,390
7202
14323
546103
14
842167
2,198104662
1,016730
21,053514
3,3793,509
60.803
583,062
318597
4,03086,60229,199
753216,602
49,975194,086
1732
17279
5018016
764420
2,142139565
854743
19, 519530
3,0913,433
58,432
994,667
2391,6002,853
88,28933,480
874239,71649,082
578,534
032
21213
1,22479
297
689402984204574
832720
18,847553
3,2313,364
60,742
1, 111, 577
1,3841,1652,073
134,85441,7645,227
279,05340,535
605,522
2035
00
1,329
87976
210
585314460
63651
347589
56,919226
2,3363,027
71, 410
1,210,220
1,621948
2,169145,14853,3145,824
327,00855,191
618,997
26310
141,550
276379293
622275484
70718
387600
66,736151
2,6623,233
71,379
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 169
TABLE 43. Monthly consumption of fuels in generating electric power by public- utility power plants in the United States, 1919-1926 Continued
[No consumption in States omitted]
1919 Continued
FUEL OIL (BARRELS) Continued
Division and State
South Atlantic:
Virginia...................West Virginia.............North Carolina ___ . ....South Carolina ............
East South Central:
Tennessee... ..............
West South Central:
Oklahoma ______ : ....
Mountain: Montana _________
Pacific: Washington ______ ...
February
019
122522078
12032,714
35886
8370
44730,8118,109
170,905
53010
8,470100
1,06062,055
900
17,81024,384
199,388
March
1718
153582082
12032,025
351848
320
48930,0946,300
181, 397
49210
9,06295
1,36050,520
1,044
18,80419,459
185,127
April
03052522093
16728,785
35381
8311
45628,1929,921
178,033
48810
8,8*098
1,37338,169
997
17,87915,456
161,651
July
030
1224520
1022,386
30,775
34182
8443
45030,50820,067
188,691
5029
4,008174
1,61040,999
. 1,780
22,0715,664
550,799
September
00
12645
00
4,105-37,488
16520
4,925117
28932,85131,628
214,285
29410
4,30090
74333,910
1,188
38,5505,153
561, 819
October
00
1285000
5,54647,590
19025
5,475134
32133,48753,065
240,135
33410
4,388iOO
1,43147,6041,324
34,69512,278
572,024
NATURAL GAS (M CUBIC FEET)
United States.. ...... ...
New England.. ...............Middle Atlantic... . .-East North Central. . ...... _West North Central..... ......South Atlantic _ .. ...........West South Central.... .... ...
Pacific.. ......................
New England:
Middle Atlantic: New York.. ..............
East North Central: Ohio..... ...... ........
West North Central: Kansas ...
South Atlantic:
West Virginia.............
West South Central:
Oklahoma...... ..........Texas
Mountain:
Pacific: California............ _ ..
1,412,504
20,766192, 132253,6*7-83,405
119,627716,030
6,28621, 611
20,766
149, 83142,301
250,4882,i59
83,405
1,500118,029
98
63,43055,092
423, 813173,695
1,0085,278
21,611
1, 766, 760
12,615218,858325,42886,901
144,339789,666
7,168181,785
12,615
164,40854,450
323,3202,108
86,901
1,500142,688
151
85,39847,458
477,050179,760
9606,208
181,785
1,859,867
11,309200,965335,59365,374
185,349783,599
4,096273,642
11,309
147, 43258,533
333,6841,909
65,374
1,500180,069
3,780
97,72649,599
458,496177,778
9073,129
273,642
2,057,147
097,480
513, 73984,323
279,434835,550
4,393242,228
0
56,94940,531
5M,8611,878
84,323
1,350278,084
0
182,84863,624
474,930114, 148
9123,481
242,228
1,900,646
098,413
532,004102,580206,478721, 416
3,883235,872
0
58,08940,324
530,1861,818
102,580
1,350205,128
0
201,38773,924
387,38858,717
1,0332,850
235,872
1,995,987
101, KM511,52*212, 376202,33!773,587
4,50;190,499
C
58,74742,417
509,50fl2.02C
212, 37J
1.50C200,833
C
220,73$83.03C
414, 02C55,791
1,2073,301
190,49,
TAB
LE 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 1919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1920
CO
AL
(SH
OR
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
-
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
. ..
..
Mid
dle A
tlan
tic
E
ast
Nor
th C
entr
al
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Ohio
..
In
dia
na.
... _
__ ..
__
.
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Kan
sas.
.. _
__
_ ..
....
.
Janu
ary
3,58
5,06
7
298,
367
1, 1
67, 2
101,
266,
520
354,
076
273,
792
110,
171
45,9
7865
, 415
3,53
8
3,41
06,
768
1,74
817
5,71
635
, 196
75,5
29
479,
SCO
156,
797
530,
613
401,
486
198,
528
411,
734
178,
983
75, 7
89
64,0
8793
,829
91, 1
7819
, 462
7,83
137
,979
39. 7
10
Feb
ruar
y
3,23
2,48
0
261,
397
1,02
1,70
01,
172
, 089
338,
548
234,
176
92, 1
77A
Q 9(U
60, 1
802,
919
3,52
35,
780
2,25
015
0, 7
2332
, 624
66,4
97
411,
209
130,
201
480,
290
362,
455
184,
622
384,
176
164,
252
76,5
84
56,2
0690
,096
92,4
2216
,087
7,64
539
, 209
36.8
83
Mar
ch
3. 2
56, 0
27
240,
408
1, 0
41, 0
571,
191
, 568
329,
888
239,
446
95, 1
2153
, 021
61, 6
533,
865
813
3,64
544
114
1, 2
3328
,675
65,6
01
402,
924
136,
861
501,
272
373,
674
183,
459
385,
856
168,
411
80,1
68
45,4
0391
,321
99, 6
8714
, 346
6,52
236
,317
36.2
92
Apr
il
2,91
5,69
1
2C7,
218
927,
495
1, 0
76, 5
1429
0, 5
5221
7, 6
5688
,951
47,2
6056
,001
4,04
4
389
3,25
926
112
5, 4
4825
, 540
52,3
21
348,
551
128,
285
450,
659
343,
756
173,
596
358,
068
133,
789
67,3
05
27.2
2079
,524
96,7
7512
,887
5,55
834
,203
34,3
85
May
2, 8
23, 9
95
193,
588
907,
334
1, 0
37, 5
5728
4, 3
4521
5, 5
7087
,055
45,0
7049
, 652
3,82
4
389
2,88
315
311
4,13
222
,859
53, 1
72
343,
046
124,
444
439,
844
325,
773
160,
585
337,
318
148,
957
64,9
24
24,4
5274
,936
93,4
3611
,733
5,70
135
,223
38,8
64
June
2,84
9,44
7
200,
896
926,
674
1, 0
37, 2
6527
3. 8
5421
8, 7
6187
, 162
51,8
7449
, 198
3,76
3
329
3,03
623
511
8, 7
4225
,320
53,2
34
367,
696
125,
120
433,
858
320,
997
160,
700
328,
619
164,
686
62,2
63
26,7
4272
,029
88,4
8711
,750
5,95
933
,220
35,6
67
July
2,93
7,42
3
215,
223
944,
705
1,05
6,23
229
3,23
023
3,85
589
,801
50,8
7149
, 544
3,96
2
169
3,64
335
712
5, 0
7924
,799
61, 1
76
379,
979
123,
919
440,
807
325,
985
162,
699
331,
418
171,
282
64,8
48
26,8
9678
, 165
96,5
1212
,995
6,29
034
,677
37,6
95
Aug
ust
3,00
9,98
2
220,
687
961,
624
1, C
82, 7
5831
4, 0
6722
6, 0
9498
,056
51, 6
8249
, 795
5,21
9
383
4.14
860
413
3,22
520
,296
62,0
31
388,
437
126,
985
446,
202
325,
424
167,
114
346,
220
168,
661
75,3
39
40,0
6080
,172
93, 6
3313
,802
6,44
8'37
,276
42,6
76
Sept
embe
r
3,00
4,00
9
217,
940
964,
111
1,06
3,87
532
0, 8
4122
8,64
599
,150
54, 1
7250
,840
4,43
5
318
4,08
431
512
9, 0
8121
,499
62,6
43
384,
236
125,
222
454,
653
320,
150
163,
998
345,
696
156,
461
77,5
70.
44,8
8280
,415
98,9
5914
, 106
6,41
138
,274
37,7
94
Oct
ober
3, 1
56, 7
81
208,
555
1, 0
22, 3
921,
109
, 235
345,
563
249,
869
112,
104
53,1
8952
,883
2,99
1
373
3,78
127
812
2,89
520
, 535
60,6
93
408,
565
132,
180
481,
647
330,
844
181,
981
369,
952
144,
516
81,9
42
50,7
6384
,439
107,
868
15,5
397,
835
39,5
6639
,553
Nov
embe
r
3, 1
55, 2
20
200,
989
1,01
2,28
01,
118,
325,
359,
932
238,
694
114,
627
61, 9
5754
,700
3,71
6
491
3,63
143
911
9, 1
4016
,727
60, 5
61
412,
673
123,
462
476,
145
346,
022
183,
769
386,
365
130,
018
72,1
51
52,5
4687
.337
105.
504
17,4
327,
809
41,8
6847
,436
Dec
embe
r
3,19
7,73
3
197,
881
1,03
1,29
81,
128,
571
395,
698
227,
601
94,5
0257
.C24
60,7
644,
394
398
3,49
246
812
0,87
215
,776
56,8
75
420,
593
134,
285
476,
420
334,
569
184,
367
408,
638
132,
342
68,6
55
61,2
5892
,077
125,
687
18,9
938,
190
43,6
7746
,816
Yea
r
37, 1
23, 8
55
2, 6
63, 1
4911
, 927
, 880
13,3
40,5
093,
900
, 594
2, 8
04, 1
591,
168,
877
611,
392
660,
625
46, 6
70
10,9
8548
,150
7,54
91,
576,
286
289,
846
730,
333
4,74
7,70
91,
567,
761?
5,61
2,41
0
4, 1
11, 1
352,
105,
418
4,39
4,06
01,
862,
358
867,
538
520,
515
1,00
4,34
01,
190
, 148
179,
132
82,1
9945
1, 4
8947
2. lU
a > 2 P- o w § d Q a o as
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia.
... .
Wes
t V
irgi
nia-
.
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky.
.. ..
....
..
Ala
batn
a.,.-
..........
...
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:A
rkan
sas-
----
--
- .
Lou
isia
na-.
.. _____
_
Mou
ntai
n:
Uta
h.. _
..............
..N
evad
a ...
...
.Pa
cific
:
0,13
930
,552
23,2
3743
,351
107,
133
17, 5
1211
,979
19,5
562,
333
43,2
2123
,701
29,2
2114
,028
8,54
87,
589
8,41
321
,428
4,55
115
013
,248
43,4
063,
612
198 3
247
3,34
819
0
983
434
,251
21,1
0437
, 657
98,0
8910
, 114
9 01
ft10
,875
2,34
2
30,5
5122
,075
17,6
6412
,887
7,59
111
,855
8,88
990
QfiQ
4,35
3 6012
,786
39,1
543,
263
317 15 232
2,72
219
7
10,1
9830
,391
22,1
7133
,829
106,
963
11, 6
2111
, 582
10,2
682,
423
40,1
5223
,508
17,8
3413
,627
8,87
912
,073
9,43
322
,636
4,27
615
012
,625
40,5
453,
498
271 40 248
3,23
063
5
10.2
6424
,264
18,8
5031
,799
99,3
5910
,053
9,69
711
, 176
2,20
4
38, 9
8122
,976
16,9
6010
,034
8,02
910
,665
8,72
719
,839
3,99
3 5011
, 349
36,4
043,
609
297 70 229
3,84
420
0
8,67
522
,512
20,6
4033
,202
101,
416
8,54
19,
440
9,40
61,
738
38,2
0823
,240
11 4
fti
10,1
23
6,42
210
,973
9,14
318
,532
3,88
9 010
,775
30,4
533,
644
656 10 225
3,60
721
7
0 71
726
,279
19,7
8433
,543
101,
781
8,02
38,
864
8,16
42,
606
37, 1
1323
,846
16,2
049,
999
9,44
312
, 496
9,65
520
,280
3,65
4 011
,248
29,8
513,
570
661 0
214
3,41
934
4
9,85
032
,350
23,0
3639
,920
99 9
48Q
oni
917
18,
022
2,95
1
38,9
4424
,330
15,5
93in
ou
11,6
3310
,433
6,15
599
Afif
l
3,95
0 07,
664
33,5
074,
165 39 0
219
3,78
218
0
10,1
64<t
fl 4C
1O20
, 957
34,4
0310
0,63
68,
425
9,42
68,
537
3,04
7
40,4
3925
,818
20,0
5211
,747
12,0
8313
,541
. 6,
275
19,7
83
3,55
1 08.
346
33,2
104,
150
315 8
215
5,03
918
0
in m
t30
,335
18,9
3938
, 681
no
cfif
iQ
7-10
9,89
02,
955
40,1
2323
, 917
no
A
QK
12,4
15
12, 6
1815
, 706
7,72
318
, 125
3,46
9
9,33
933
, 370
3,65
375
0 824
2
4,26
017
5
9,42
537
, 108
20,5
4847
.265
102,
212
9A
9Q
10,5
8410
, 418
2,68
0
41,9
1726
,001
31,0
9313
,093
11, 8
1413
,970
9,18
218
,223
3,71
0 09,
406
3,43
077
7 029
6
2,84
115
0
11, 1
0631
,091
21,3
04 4
3,55
199
,412
8 O
ifi
in 4
4Q9,
818
3,01
7
48,6
7525
,639
OO
A
A\
12,8
72
11,7
9912
257
-«,3
1118
,590
4,03
3 269,
347
36,7
503,
565
693
.50
237
3,56
015
6
11,3
9028
,140
22,2
3039
,120
97,3
268,
686
9,75
28,
175
2,77
3
44,7
5624
,103
12 9
9312
,650
14,1
6013
,439
9,16
620
,259
4,03
6 013
,158
38,6
954,
028
596 8
243
4,23
015
5
:,('';
-.'li-i
119,
800
366,
772
252,
809
456,
321
1,21
8075
118,
864
121
144
124,
305
31,0
09
487,
080
289,
154
o/t
s 93
4
144,
409
123,
010
144,
997
Q10
2, O
f 2
O24
1,30
4 2
47,4
65
Cj43
5 &
129,
291
t-tf43
0,60
9 *3
44, 1
87
H5,
579
221
? ^
n
fti.
73,
847
Q
48,8
91
^2.
770
(_
|
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AE
EE
LS)
Uni
ted
Stat
es ..
....
.....
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
....
....
..So
uth
Atla
ntic
. ...
....
......
.
Pac
ific
,..,, . ..
.
1, 28
9, 84
2
15, 8
93 904
2,15
620
1, 0
5978
,736
13.3
0938
0,39
929
,969
567,
318
1. 1
70, 1
32
21, 4
151,
280
2.07
314
0.89
890
,477
14,0
7631
8, 9
4527
. 665
553,
303
1. 0
60, 7
69
26,3
59 917
1.90
013
7. 6
5791
. 636
19,3
2032
8, 0
7629
, 633
425.
271
910,
959
24.0
471,
819
1,76
712
0,88
982
. 372
18,3
2829
0,86
127
. 786
343,
090
922,
889
24,2
831,
395
1,61
897
,048
75. 9
7117
. 677
263,
467
28,5
3838
2, 8
92
1, 07
7, 3
08
31, 8
62 847
2.13
097
.085
76.4
2015
. 723
285,
976
28,2
1653
8,84
9
1, 18
9, 8
20
55, 3
691,
718
1,47
710
5.66
874
.347
21, 4
8531
7, 2
0828
,628
584,
120
1, 19
9, 6
11
71, 8
693,
753
1.51
110
0, 4
0670
,628
17,1
1429
6,59
927
,224
610,
467
1, 2
20. 9
75
69, 9
826,
023
1,45
096
, 136
71,9
2018
087
314,
134
26,0
5061
7, 1
93
1, 1
69, 4
95
70.6
908,
887
1,65
498
, 810
75.B
5917
, 882
-332
, 445
28,9
8353
4,78
5
960,
958
65,5
607,
418
1,76
410
4. 4
0572
,601
19,2
7932
9,81
126
,946
333,
174
949,
946
65,7
917,
057
, 1,
757
91, 3
9686
,346
18,3
2633
3, 5
6124
,664
,32
1, 1
48
13, 1
22, 7
04
543,
220
42,1
6821
,266
1, 3
91, 4
5794
7, 3
1321
0, 1
063,
821
, 482
334,
102
5,81
1,61
0
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fue
ls i
n ge
nera
ting
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 1919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]1
92
0 C
onti
nued
F
UE
L O
IL (
BA
RB
EL
S)
Co
nti
nu
ed
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....... .
Illi
nois
--.... .
...... ..
.M
ichi
gan _______ ..
..
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Kan
sas _
______ ..
...
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Mar
ylan
d -
-V
irgin
ia...... ...
....
....
.
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: A
rkan
sas _
_______
Tex
as _
__
_ . _
__ ..
.
Janu
ary 49 0
2,14
61,
764
7,66
04,
374
763
136 5
697
270
472
139
577
620
576
91,1
13 150
1,99
916
,503
90,1
98 013
2 50 34 019
,605
58,9
15 188 25
1,25
511
, 841
4,88
861
, 578
71,9
4024
1,99
3
Feb
ruar
y 0 102,
121
6.79
88,
764
3,72
2
825
112
343
530
277
593
131
542
490
555
55,8
02 194
2,
576
8,40
672
,875 0
119 45 32 0
27,7
0262
,579 29
5 238,
516
5,24
2
4,04
937
,019
53,9
0422
3,97
3
Mar
ch 3,98
4 391,
753
6,66
611
, 492
2,42
5
788 92 37 578
428
237
140
517
442
608
41,8
19 207
2,83
410
,694
81,0
53 812
9 48 36 027
,366
64,0
49 310 25
8,43
710
,548
3,93
335
,413
49,6
5623
9,17
4
Apr
il
3,93
9 19 17,
836
9,96
42,
289
1,20
1 90 528
558
322
251
128
508
' 41
865
638
,799 20
61,
626
11,2
4067
,944 6
137 48 36 0
26,1
3656
,009 31
0 258,
424
9,56
9
6,63
536
,488
23,5
0422
4,28
4
May 2,
807 40 0
6.90
012
,165
2,37
1
1,21
9 75 101
572
315
308 57 366
428
561
28,4
17 195
1,85
88,
352
57,2
37 016
3 20 104 0
26,4
1149
,273 14
5 257,
348
10, 1
59
3,24
941
, 791
18,7
9422
9,63
3
Jun
e
2,28
3 41 07,
775
19,3
952,
468
852 74 21 615
608
256 74 577
436
592
30,9
56 371
1,58
34,
831
58,3
16 816
0 48 161 0
28,4
1547
,638 22
0 255,
654
9,82
4
7,63
540
,187
18,8
2721
9,32
7
July 2,58
1
912
10.0
7340
,117
1,67
9
1,62
2 90 6
600
300
235 88 254
645
934
33,8
05 172
1,62
93,
731
64,6
52 20 89 48 121 25
26,7
6947
,275 19
5 259,
508
11, 7
57
15, 1
3838
,523
17,8
3124
5,71
6
Aug
ust
2,70
9 02,
658
19,9
0345
,134
1,46
5
3,70
7 86 0
543
328
260
109
271
409
1,00
828
,175 11
31,
726
3,77
9'
66, 1
96 12 180 67 100 0
27,2
8842
,981 62
8 788,
194
8,21
4
9,55
940
,753
4,70
124
1,58
6
Sep
tem
ber
3,99
0 31,
773
19,9
2442
,835
1,46
7
5,92
6 97 0
540
354
207
106
243
381
1,10
3428
,749 16
32,
029
3,44
660
,334 15 13
0 50 120 10
27,4
3744
,158 22
514
39,
622
8,19
7
7,11
338
,353
10, 1
1825
8,55
0
Oct
ober
3,20
3
1,10
419
,921
45,0
891,
368
8,78
610
1 0
555
370
261
233
235
382
1,17
723
,952 15
51,
997
3,27
767
,870 18 13
0 50 125 0
28,6
2646
,910 22
0 09,
148
8,01
4
8,97
737
,592
If, 5
8126
9,29
5
Nov
embe
r
2,91
6 12 3223
,274
37,9
731,
354
7,18
6 97 135
555
412
230
276
291
396
962
29,2
00 151
1,98
42,
839
68,8
73 17 933 50 150 36
19,6
6361
,753 24
0 010
,723
8,31
6
7,80
641
,438
26,3
1525
4,25
3
Dec
embe
r
2,79
7 10 3021
,796
40,4
50 708
6,75
612
317
8
540
447
254
215
301
330
892
18,0
50 196
2,21
52,
878
66,8
35 021
0 50 200 35
26,5
6159
,290 25
0 09,
934
8,14
2
4,83
545
,962
33,6
1424
9,15
0
Yea
r
31, 2
67 186
12,5
3015
2,62
932
0,93
825
,680
39,6
311,
173
1,35
4
6,88
34,
431
3,56
41,
696
4,68
2
6,37
79,
555
448,
837
2,27
324
,056
79,9
7682
1,38
3
104
2,51
257
41,
209
105
311,
979
630,
830
3,22
639
496
,663
109,
823
83,8
1649
5,00
784
5,68
52,
896,
884
to
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 173
SSS
US'
us" r-T eicfx
CO O *O ^* Cft ^4J O
3 3! 2>S
C* OS r-l t- t*» i-t
US" off
o 1-1 JH £2 >o o o»o»c>»^igeowtpr-. «g^j!:sCO i-l »O IO i-i Co 00 CQ
off off r-T ^
g" a s
00 00 i-HrHC
3-Sag
ruf S5 ?SW 2fS* «eo rf
US «-l CO
COCO CO 53 OO 00 OO> IO gj w 1O JgO »O O> 00 >O QQ O
«? s"
JjJCOOCOOPW^JOO rH CO ^"S @ lls<$<$ ofeJ «?VH^ t« Oa
IO f<
t-CO >-< O * r-l O5 CO M>
t-co> Cft tv
5 cn us «o 1-1 o 51-1 oo o s" s g's'ss"
O5 i-l f-4 CO
^ij « ^'as
fcf # -V o"
5 ONO «2<
fr-T a? offcS «'
- *
i--I-
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es, 1
919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1921
CO
AL
(SH
OE
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted S
tate
s .
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
. __
_ . _
_E
ast
Nor
th C
entr
al _
____
.
Sout
h A
tlan
tic.
. ...........
..E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al ..
......
...
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al- _
___ .
Mou
ntai
n ..
....
....
....
......
Paci
fic _ _
________
_
New
Eng
land
:
New
Ham
pshi
re ..
........
Mas
sach
uset
ts ..
..........
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
New
Jer
sey.
..........
....
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
........... ..
....
..
Illin
ois.
. .................
Wis
cons
in ..
..............
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Nor
th D
akot
a ...
....
....
.
Neb
rask
a __
__
__
__
Kan
sas _
_ ..
__
___
..
Janu
ary
2,97
4,15
9
188,
904
970,
395
1, 0
41, 7
9336
5, 5
3020
7,69
987
, 713
58,0
1650
,361
3,74
8 513,
557
193
114,
527
18,8
4356
,733
406,
812
117,
243
446,
340
304,
129
171,
840
377,
232
118,
129
70,4
63
54,8
5390
,046
109,
565
16, 7
398,
162
41, 8
7044
,295
Febr
uary
2,62
9,00
2
177,
612
863,
949
919,
064
314,
734
180,
720
78.-2
7147
, 633
43,7
853,
234 39
2,76
9 010
9,54
412
,044
. 53
, 216
353,
105
«9,8
7841
0,96
6
268,
979
152,
584
327,
618
108,
983
60,9
00
50,4
3478
,375
93,6
3214
, 716
7,38
436
,613
33,5
80
Mar
ch
2,64
1,89
9
168,
202
865,
408
948,
471
298,
311
184,
231
79,9
9149
, 166
44,8
203,
299
104
2,31
418
110
3,13
311
,546
50,9
24
360,
243
95, 7
2840
9,43
7
285,
185
158,
590
335,
056
111,
136
58,5
04
40,4
4375
, 141
95,1
4414
,716
6,69
035
, 341
30,8
36
Apr
il
2,41
6,55
6
149,
057
810,
069
862,
984
252,
929
174,
778
73,2
4348
, 229
42.3
602,
907
140
2,23
4 5888
,797
11,0
8546
,743
343,
848
89, 1
6337
7, 0
58
257,
887
150,
495
301,
473
108,
094
45,0
35
22,6
4768
,280
88, 0
7212
,224
5,95
032
.801
22,9
55
May
2,41
4,62
6
154,
336
815,
931
846,
565
246,
580
186,
724
79, 1
5443
,064
39,6
652,
607
198
2,68
2 1493
,453
9,60
748
,382
338,
824
92, 2
6538
4,84
2
244,
125
144,
864
304,
435
106,
807
46,3
34
23,9
1464
,381
87,2
6012
,099
5,54
231
,943
21,4
41
June
2, 4
39, 1
55
173,
882
794,
476
851,
349
242,
488
202,
160
95,9
4241
,816
34,8
432,
199
233
4,14
621
610
4, 1
358,
323
56,8
29
331,
945
89, 4
7937
3,05
2
249,
348
142,
337
302,
006
114,
555
43,1
03
23,8
8462
,420
84,3
2711
,720
6,37
833
,430
20,3
29
July
2,46
2,00
2
166,
901
794,
688
870,
344
252,
437
203,
237
88,3
2843
,256
40,6
312,
180
318
3,14
458
099
,257
8,44
755
,155
345,
619
97,3
0035
1, 7
69
250,
805
144,
370
306,
660
118,
935
49,5
74
35, 1
1563
,883
79,2
2913
, 189
7,37
835
,422
18,2
21
Aug
ust
2, 5
78, 5
90
180,
666
829,
233
913,
232
272,
734
204,
547
91,0
7142
,658
42. 2
622,
287
779
3,53
133
610
7,95
57,
870
60,0
95
365,
782
93,4
9236
9,95
9
249,
837
152,
208
326,
548
123,
661
60,9
78
47,8
2567
,234
82,3
1714
,336
7,66
236
,038
17,3
22
Sept
embe
r
2,58
8,63
8
200,
618
829,
469
879,
288
264,
832
228,
301
99,6
4341
,332
42, 6
752,
480
3,31
55,
028
1,81
511
8, 8
018,
685
62,9
74
373,
813
93,2
7136
2,38
5
236,
527
151,
754
318,
633
118,
009
54,3
65
42,6
9668
,867
. 81
,302
12,9
737,
211
35,9
3615
,847
Oct
ober
2, 7
59, 2
85
209,
182
883,
626
938,
865
284,
102
244,
903
101,
593
44, 2
1950
,305
2,49
0
4,35
45,
252
596
120,
804
10,9
1167
,265
390,
085
99,7
3139
3,81
0
263,
609
161,
377
335,
870
119,
325
58,6
84
49, 1
4571
,987
86,4
4213
,581
7,72
036
,039
19, 1
88
Nov
embe
r
2, 7
77, 9
18
198,
671
890,
853
972,
410
311,
978
210,
669
94,7
6644
,625
51, 5
722,
374
2,10
44,
459
106
116,
284
11,4
9564
,223
381,
806
111,
504
397,
543
269,
632
166,
898
357,
043
117,
436
61,4
01
56, 2
1878
,407
98,1
0915
,906
7,80
136
,032
19.5
05
Dec
embe
r
2,90
3,45
4
206,
420
949,
280
1, 0
23, 8
1533
0, 5
2220
3, 8
5590
,755
46,7
6048
,992
3,05
5
942
5,13
812
112
9,45
110
,379
60,3
89
400,
600
122,
214
426,
466
279,
789
167,
597
393,
114
114,
209
69,1
06
60,7
7581
,600
107,
217
16,3
978,
975
36,1
8519
,373
Yea
r
31,5
85,2
84
2,17
4,35
110
,297
,377
11,0
68,1
803,
437,
177
2,43
1,82
41,
060,
470
550,
774
532,
271
32,8
60
12,5
7744
,254
4,21
61,
306,
141
124,
235
682,
928
4,39
2,48
21,
201
, 268
4, 7
03, 6
27
3,15
9,85
31,
864,
914
3,98
5,68
81,
379,
279
678,
447
607,
949
870,
621
1,09
2,61
616
8,59
686
,853
427,
650
282,
892
g w I
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Mar
ylan
d. ..
....
....
.....
,3,
Vir
gin
ia..............
....
5
Wes
t V
irg
inia
........
....
r*
Nor
th C
arol
ina .
....
......
g
Sout
h C
aroli
na.
........
..
1
Flo
rid
a................
...
£j
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: T
K
entu
cky.
...
....
....
....
Ten
ness
ee. .
....
....
......
H-
-Mis
siss
ippi
....
....
......
.w
W
est S
outh
Cen
tral
: A
rkan
sas.
....
....
....
....
Lou
isia
na _
. ...
....
.....
Okl
ahom
a .............
...
Mou
ntai
n:
Mon
tana
................
.W
yom
ing .
..............
.
Ari
zona
... ..
....
....
.....
Uta
h..................
...
Nev
ada .
....
....
....
......
Paci
fic:
Was
hing
ton ..
....
....
....
9,10
624
,659
21,7
0338
,425
85,4
598,
700
9,30
18,
249
2,19
7
43, 1
9623
,422
8,97
412
, 121
12,0
7313
, 198
12,4
0020
,336
3,69
89,
189
32,4
874,
129
626 11 221
3,58
316
5
8,07
018
,283
18,9
0130
, 472
79,2
047,
569
8,84
57,
176
2,20
0
38,7
8519
,606
8,79
511
,085
12,1
5812
,034
7,99
215
,449
3,68
27,
822
27,9
683,
449
675 5
184
3,10
812
6
7,89
516
,586
19, 5
7232
,932
81, 6
757,
808
9,28
86,
549
1,92
6
39, 8
9021
, 136
8,18
010
, 785
12,0
4311
,917
5,17
220
,034
' 3,
799
7,90
228
,704
3,66
457
5 017
6
3,17
912
0
6,79
916
, 215
18,2
7 )
30,8
0977
,345
6,87
39,
730
6,68
12,
047
37, 2
6719
,253
7,37
19,
352
11, 8
4210
,065
4,48
721
,835
3,33
66,
747
28,1
493,
368
580 0
180
2,78
811
9
6,65
718
, 210
18,7
6832
,111
89,3
957,
142
6,58
15,
857
2,00
3
38,2
5318
, 234
13, 4
659,
202
11,3
009,
338
3,96
818
,458
3,55
66,
732
26,7
042,
406
150 0
117
2,54
2 65
6,17
327
,789
18,0
6736
,764
89, 1
877,
504
7,54
57,
325
1,80
6
38,5
1219
, 745
27, 9
^39,
762
9,82
99,
818
3,74
318
,426
3,50
06,
398
22,6
322,
186 0 0
127
2, 1
99 0
6,23
826
,112
18,9
4840
,535
85,6
869,
077
7,76
87,
031
1,84
2
38,4
7618
,884
21,2
389,
730
10,4
3510
, 178
3,32
919
,314
3,78
76,
123
28,0
682,
123 0 0
130
2,18
0 0
26,9
5819
,120
48, 3
1579
,549
8,38
67,
874
6,02
01,
748
38,8
7120
,263
23,4
628,
475
9,56
810
,431
3,47
419
, 185
3,47
66,
981
28,9
742,
678 0 0
153
2,28
7 0
6,92
430
,788
18, 5
4750
,007
83,6
3315
,655
9,69
911
,222
1,82
6
38, 7
4720
,245
31,3
579,
294
9,35
610
,401
3,85
717
, 718
3,65
07,
274
28,2
543,
359 0 0
138
2,34
014
0
7,57
832
,194
19,1
6353
,717
87, 6
5716
,902
10,3
6115
,433
1,89
8
41,2
6922
,686
28,0
239,
615
9,44
69,
844
6,43
218
,497
3,61
07,
866
35,9
102,
785 0 0
134
2,35
513
5
7,84
519
,946
19,3
9244
,386
84,7
0110
,996
8,99
612
,539
1,86
8
41,7
0021
,405
22,3
099,
262
9,58
69,
772
7,04
718
,220
3,73
28,
137
36,8
722,
677 0 0
164
2,22
914
5
8,38
620
,337
21,0
7740
,378
85,4
519,
110
8,48
68,
733
1,89
7
42,7
4821
,849
16,0
039,
165
10,9
6310
,457
8,11
917
,281
3,83
58,
528
33,1
223,
206 0 40 171
2,00
515
0
88,2
4827
7,97
723
1,53
747
8, 8
§11,
008,
042
115,
722
104,
474
102,
815
23,2
58
477,
714
246,
728
21S,
180
117,
848
128,
639
127,
453
070
,029
O
224,
753
25 05
43
,661
d
90,0
90
235
7,84
4 »S
36,1
20
H2,
606
fi56
2
1,88
6 2
31,6
05
©1,
165
^..,.. .,..._
W
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AR
RE
LS)
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
.. ......
.
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c. .
....
.....
Sout
h A
tlant
ic. .
....
....
....
.E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al .
.......
Pac
ific
--.-
..
. _ ..
..
806,
647
72,3
549,
924
1,66
073
,842
. 84
,587
16,2
8832
4,29
2
2021
565
780,
753
74,3
047,
994
1,49
864
,302
81,0
8016
,173
264,
396
255!
225
850,
788
- 80
,456
5,27
41,
478
64,0
6786
,059
16, 1
0232
7,71
817
633
252.
001
843,
490
69, 1
225,
102
1,49
285
,666
75, 7
1918
,565
307,
772
25 0
6025
4.90
2
852,
684
82, 9
815,
801
1,48
395
,304
79,0
4119
,359
328,
228
219:
672
916,
086
123,
772
8,35
11,
592
117,
478
73,5
6217
,289
339.
640
21 0
1921
2'. 4
83
1,02
8,36
4
107,
137
9,88
61,
554
147,
060
71, 3
4619
, 651
396,
479
18 0
5425
7. 1
97
1, 1
64, 9
56
140,
773
12,2
251,
611
161,
231
72,8
2017
,887
421,
834
17 1
2931
9.44
6
1,19
0,45
9
159,
068
10, 7
603,
563
168,
370
71,9
5019
,022
412,
719
17 0
6032
7. 0
47
1, 1
82, 4
08
165,
785
11, 8
952,
545
165,
077
76,6
8819
,086
402,
140
322.
667
1,14
7,02
2
151,
779
12, 5
222,
640
137,
178
80,1
8419
,686
351,
914
16 2
1537
4|90
4
1,19
1,75
2
149,
636
10,3
351,
927
147,
563
84,6
2723
,333
359,
700
19,0
1939
4, 6
82
12,0
45,4
09.
1,37
7,16
711
0, 0
6923
,043
1,42
7,13
803
7,66
322
2,44
14,
236,
832
2
27,2
85-
3,48
3.77
1
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 1
91
9-1
92
6 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1921 C
onti
nued
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AR
RE
LS
) C
onti
nued
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
New
Eng
land
: M
aine
Rho
de I
slan
d.
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
.--
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Sout
h A
tlan
tic:
Nor
th C
arol
ina _
__
__
Flo
rid
a
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Texas
..... _
_ ._
-.
Janu
ary
1,49
6 024
,560
45,3
22 976
9,66
8 95 161
510
411
266
226
247
470
1,12
89,
329
156
2, M
S2,
712
57,4
99 510
0 3523
,881
60,5
66 446
7,86
87,
974
9,13
339
, 362
27,6
3624
8. 1
61
Feb
ruar
y
1,29
3 023
,510
48,0
901,
411
7,81
2 79 103
510
360
201
185
242
340
960
4,94
314
31,
685
3,19
653
,035 3 95 35
20,9
7559
,972 26
58,
013
7,89
5
5,87
636
,935
27,4
7819
4. 1
08
Mar
ch
1,30
4 029
,764
48,2
941,
094
5,04
3 96 135
510
360
210
163
236
355
1,05
4'
7, 9
89 136
1,77
14,
208
48,5
54 027
0 3524
,100
61,6
54 255
8,63
Q7,
217
4,34
142
,388
39,9
4324
1.04
6
Apr
il
1,32
7 023
,039
43,7
63 993
4,90
6 96 100
591
294
217
162
228
222
910
7,28
912
51,
692
4,83
370
,596 0
190 35
20,0
8255
,412 36
79,
192
9,00
6
3,65
346
,652
34,7
6822
2.69
9
May 1,
263 0
25,8
4853
,941
1 09
O
5,62
010
270'
580
316
160
128
9OO
279
Q^f
i
8,07
5 831,
736
7,45
776
,718 0
140 35
24,3
1054
,556 29
08,
283
10, 7
86
1;58
346
,495
34, 9
5824
5. 1
92
Jun
e
2,09
51,
100
25,9
9091
, 391
3,19
6
7,89
6 90 365
588
302
188
207
307
303
8ft7
24, 6
15 941,
835
. 6,8
6082
,904 0
146 0
22,7
4250
, 674 340
6,29
310
,656
41,6
0244
,544
246.
221
July 2,25
02,
029
24,0
0176
, 123
2,73
4
9,42
7 98 361
587
315
184
197
271
371
914
31,6
00 115
1,78
88,
490
103,
782 23 118 0
22,4
1648
,789 35
38
Q4,Q
10,4
55
9fl
174
43,3
3370
,413
262.
359
Aug
ust
2,20
73,
300
30,7
9410
1, 5
699
QO
S
12,0
68 77 90 596
394
200
140
281
840
890
34,2
57 149
1,76
811
,057
112,
270 20 12
0 024
, 118
48, 5
62 370
6,36
811
, 149
20,3
5344
SfK
)79 fl
ai
284.
039
Sept
embe
r
8,92
07,
409
29,7
9210
9,97
69
071
10,3
37 115
ins
1OS
587
181
114
9
AA
Q
458
947
35, 3
50 143
2,06
5U
fUQ
118,
358 30 100 0
21,0
8860
,732 36
07,
816
in O
AR
18,5
4544
con
67, 6
7028
2.51
4
Oct
ober
9,11
82
7QA
31,7
2911
8,06
74,
085
11,6
67 121
107
604
:42
721
71
90
1/16
8
455
1 02
437
^284 14
3O
lA
A
1I/9
1711
2, 1
10 ?n 115 0
23,0
7663
,467 53
87 7
SO
10,7
69
20,8
86
62 3
3927
7! 5
74
Nov
embe
r
6,17
0 8345
,185
96,9
853,
356
12,3
07 139 76 625
447
236
132
1,20
1
1,07
212
,155 15
41
999
11,2
4710
9,82
0 01
89 0
OO
7Q
R
57,2
17 H7f
lG
O
Aft
11,0
10
91
l^A
49
IW7
QO
O
Q4
.
256.
427
Dec
embe
r
2,65
4 047
,423
96,6
98*>
ft
Al
10,0
54 141
140
506
225
402
704
1 9Q
119
Q£4
166
o
4Q7
10
444,
110,
507 0
ifin 0
22,3
8262
,066 44
110
, 057
12,8
35
22,2
04
37,6
422f
ifi. I
RQ
Yea
r
4/|
AQ
7
16,7
1736
1.63
5
106,
795
1 9.
4O
2,02
5
a
OA
OA
7
1Q
9
ASU
i1
CW4.
6 94
4
5,52
810
A-i
O
OO
R
B4f
t
1,60
723
,528
102,
470
1. 0
56, 1
52 111
1*7
KA
176
4,39
5Q
7 4
5S
120,
688
155,
355
C1*
> (t
ftfl
a. m
a &n
o
3 5 § d
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 177
eo
< S5 fr* W
-TcTco JJ
- OO W^*
f »-n t^ o oo f-1 O t^^f
§
DC* QO CO*Q^*fr» COO *£*
S*» 1 3883 SB 9
>O 1-* t-* ^H M CO »H
?O eo oo;
of
OCO «Q 5 ?s° s ss
=f s^ssf -*sf |rH r*tn i-( CO
500 -HO OC 91 co co 00 n tooeo *3a 1-1 cs
I s3 fe !> 1-1 OO O» C
sof
CJOOOOW §QO
CQ900OO OF*
8 000 0^*0 oo co »o »-H oj oo *t*» C5 »H Ot o ̂ rcor* AQ
rt rH U510 -^1 SrHCO>0 (»5
too 0035 ooop .H cofc-tpotioooocnoooi >o oooo oo o
S'ScfS *%" § N"
C4COCprH MJl-l OOt^-w^s ®5 co d>oocoS cooS ens"a"-* N" ^ss" >a*5®=!e« 55 (is
&
TABL
E 43
. M
onth
ly c
onsu
mpt
ion
of fu
els
in g
ener
atin
g el
ectr
ic p
ower
by
publ
ic-u
tility
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-133
6 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1922
CO
AL
(SH
OR
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es _
____
Mid
dle A
tlan
tic. _
-E
ast
Nor
th C
entr
al _
___
_
Sout
h A
tlan
tic
_____
_E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al... .. ..
..
Pacif
ic.
..
....
New
Eng
land
:
Rho
de I
slan
d. _
..
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
ew Y
ork _
_
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
.... .
... .
... .
..
Illi
nois
.. _
__
- _
_
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Nor
th D
akot
a... ..
....
Kan
sas.
... .
__
. .....
...
Janu
ary
2, 9
49, 8
97
216,
474
953,
609
1, 03
5, 5
2734
0, 2
8321
7,51
987
, 336
47, 9
3448
, 019
3,19
6
1,54
14,
577
172
132,
452
11,4
2866
, 304
412,
536
116,
774
424,
299
290,
412
166,
332
389,
387
120,
480
68,9
16
69, 7
2082
, 711
107,
102
15, 9
958,
094
. 35
, 899
20.7
62
Febr
uary
2. 5
96, 9
68
191,
058
831,
151
925,
302
300.
679
189,
387
72, 7
1139
, 237
43, 7
153,
728
1,71
63,
677
150
120,
819
10,9
3553
,761
354,
565
97, 9
7636
8, 6
10
254,
971
148,
127
347,
937
110,
894
63,3
73
61, 1
1973
, 417
"96,
565
14,1
117,
334
31,6
5416
.479
Mar
ch
2, 7
18, 1
66
180,
031
890,
260
972,
623
284,
698
210,
856
79, 6
9042
, 318
47, 1
4410
, 546 292
2,63
6 4511
5, 1
489,
593
52.3
17
368,
742
103,
304
418,
214
268,
611
156,
769
372,
339
112,
085
62, 8
19
43, 7
5173
, 521
97, 8
7313
,400
7,57
133
, 150
15.4
32
Apr
il
2, 4
52, 1
24
153,
700
799,
346
909,
570
247,
276
187,
248
73. 9
2740
,870
39,8
07 380 42
2,37
3 3098
. 010
8,25
244
.993
340,
666
98,6
6736
0, 0
13
252,
856
157,
359
336,
033
106,
577
56, 7
45
24,5
1066
,557
94, 7
0111
,024
5,38
730
,275
14.8
22
May
2, 4
70, 8
80
157,
213
824,
380
895,
424
234,
281
197,
496
80, 3
1939
, 240
42,1
63 364 75
2,61
2 295
, 597
8,35
650
,571
346,
738
101,
561
376,
081
261,
337
146,
013
324,
856
' 112
, 216
51,0
02
21, 7
2162
, 908
89, 9
779,
945
5,76
430
,411
13.5
55
June
2, 4
85, 6
54
157,
191
831,
688
890,
858
233,
001
202,
815
85,1
3841
, 244
43,1
93 526 25
2,98
2 597
,001
8,73
448
,444
348,
573
99,8
4138
3, 2
74
261,
299
146,
527
312,
222
122,
857
47,9
53
28,6
3163
,124
81, 9
559,
975
6,49
030
,698
12,1
28
July
2, 5
63, 3
81
164,
301
848,
507
924,
607
232,
231
211,
011
93, 4
0544
, 698
43, 2
181,
403 0
2,95
9 5698
, 630
8,89
153
,765
355,
218
102,
881
390,
408
266,
796
152,
441
327,
354
126,
735
51,2
81
. 34
,945
' 63
,462
74,4
2310
,883
5,61
832
,078
10.8
22
Aug
ust
2, 8
17, 7
85
185,
242
908,
843
1,04
1,68
323
2, 3
0025
7, 0
3410
9,05
037
, 446
45,1
90 997
382
3,25
110
711
1, 1
409,
36;)
60,9
93
378,
421
113,
454
416,
968
339,
726
160,
664
339,
664
143,
853
57, 7
76
46, 6
1962
,992
65,2
0312
,090
6,90
624
,573
13. 9
17
Sept
embe
r
2, 9
00, 9
81
187,
029
932,
590
1,02
1,71
226
5, 3
2527
3, 7
1513
5,94
9-34
,166
47, 1
423,
353
466
2,96
7 1011
4, 0
997,
789
61, 6
98
386,
950
109,
617
436,
023
286,
376
166,
132
374,
107
138,
083
57, 0
14
51,6
8469
,030
80,1
4212
, 460
7,10
123
,897
21. O
il
Oct
ober
3, 2
77, 6
52
221,
909
1, 03
0, 9
021,
138
, 835
343,
198
297,
388
145,
772
35, 6
5755
, 361
8,63
0
2,45
63,
258 46
134,
214
9,43
772
, 498
436,
029
120,
818
474,
055
313,
749
187,
863
411,
907
152,
406
72, 9
10
64,6
3082
,881
112,
906
14,1
268,
163
27,9
0332
.589
Nov
embe
r
3, 3
47, 8
35
226,
422
1, 0
30, 3
841,
162
, 421
356,
153
310,
314
167,
323
35,5
3155
,316
3,97
1
3,57
83,
582 22
136,
073
8,98
674
, 181
440,
039
121,
794
478,
551
328,
318
191,
265
418,
934
150,
129
73,7
75
59, 6
1884
, 757
1W, 3
4119
,279
8,11
432
, 702
32.3
42
Dec
embe
r
3, 59
7, 5
90
279,
239
1, 1
25, 7
301,
248
, 537
406,
830
302,
831
127,
882
40,6
9468
, 405
7,44
2
4,52
0H
4Q9 95
173,
614
10, 4
0285
,116
474,
791
129,
530
521,
409
346,
677
198,
974
462,
162
81,1
73
72,4
1196
,588
140,
456
22
,096
10,0
8935
, 218
29.9
72
Yea
r
34,1
78,9
13
2Q
1Q
O
nQ
11,0
07,3
9012
, 167
, 099
3, 4
76, 2
552,
857
, 614
1 9A
5%
f\(Y>
470.
035
568,
673
44,5
36
15,0
9340
,366 74
01,
426,
797
112,
172
724
641
4, 6
43, 2
681,
316
, 217
5A
J7 one
3,47
1,12
81,
978,
466
4,41
6,90
21,
555,
866
7A
A
7«7
579,
359
881,
948
1 If
lft
MA
165,
384
86,6
3136
8,45
823
3.83
1
oo *ti o o o
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia..
... ..
......
..W
est V
irgin
ia... .
......
..N
orth
Car
olin
a .........
..
Flo
rid
a . .
E
ast S
outh
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Tex
as _
_ . _
__
_ ..
..M
ount
ain:
Uta
h
Paci
fic:
Ore
gon _
________
_
8,76
825
,196
20,5
7739
, 456
93. 5
5411
,125
8,23
98,
781
1,82
3
43,0
5120
,931
14,0
619,
293
9, 2
7710
, 501
7,59
520
,561
3,74
38,
098
32,6
023,
343 0 40 193
3,06
113
5
7,72
418
,724
18,0
6232
,934
86,4
759,
409
7,34
47,
138
1,57
7
39,4
1717
,779
- 7,
489
8,08
6
8,58
79,
561
5,59
815
, 491
3,71
37,
300
29, 2
472,
928
331 42 154
3,60
812
0
8,07
3on
oon
19,1
6436
, 810
100,
505
9,03
27
3R
4
7,98
21,
696
43,2
5719
,304
8,37
28,
757
9,35
011
,311
5,39
616
, 261
3,95
47,
400
32, 1
933,
435 0 12 150
10,4
14 132
7,20
717
,923
18, 5
5131
,892
89,1
097,
712
6,93
16,
166
1,75
7
38,8
0318
,951
7,99
58,
178
8,46
09,
859
16,4
01
2,51
86,
658
27,1
763,
215 0
100
140
260
120
9,01
318
,947
19, 3
5333
,105
94,8
317,
960
6,82
35,
655
1,80
9
42,0
2620
,080
10,2
217,
992
8,28
010
,260
4,07
916
,621
2,71
07,
034
29,4
572,
817 0 0
145
240
124
8,50
019
, 875
19, 4
4635
,225
95,8
418,
865
6,86
26,
407
1,79
4
41, 5
9120
, 101
15, 4
747,
972
8,07
29,
790
6,28
517
,097
3,01
17,
424
29, 8
132,
487
298 0
160
406
120
8,77
825
, 767
19,2
7434
,640
96, 4
669,
836
7,41
57,
145
1,69
0
39, 9
8120
,133
25,2
208,
071
6,66
57,
705
4,73
825
, 590
3,69
76,
845
29,5
462,
750
178 0
202
1,26
314
0
8,85
341
,226
19,2
9645
,456
109,
862
14, 5
788,
487
7,56
11,
715
dn 1
4019
,606
41,5
987,
706
4,83
34,
936
3,00
124
,676
3,59
17,
135
31,4
942,
823 50 0 97 857
140
1
8,42
840
,348
19, 1
0445
,289
112,
046
25, 2
089,
759
11, 9
231,
610
4ft
448
29,9
4956
,630
8,92
2
5,38
55,
205
4,47
119
, 105
3,99
56,
326
33,9
022,
914 5 0 0
3,21
314
0
8,98
850
,467
21,3
5546
,634
120,
749
24,7
0110
,296
12,8
981,
300
41,7
2135
,019
60,2
818,
751
7,84
42,
721
6, 4
5518
, 637
4,15
19,
567
38,4
623,
121 60 0 0
8,48
414
6
8,33
451
,285
20, 7
0649
,687
123,
562
26,9
5311
,666
16,7
531,
368
44,2
5246
,471
68,5
218,
079
8,62
12,
117
7,27
717
, 516
4,42
38,
317
39,3
063,
235 35 0 0
3,83
613
5
9,51
2' 5
3, 6
6223
,172
46,4
9912
2,79
220
,605
11, 1
3213
, 919
1,53
8
45,6
8626
,277
47, 5
188,
401
9,37
52,
479
7,06
321
,777
4,52
110
,412
39,9
353,
262 0
275 0
7,29
215
0
102,
178
383,
650
238,
060
477,
627
1,24
5,79
217
5,98
410
2, 3
1811
2,32
819
,677
600,
373
294,
601
363,
380
100,
148
94, 7
4986
,445
O
68, 1
08
O22
9, 7
33
% GO
44,0
27
d92
, 516
g!
393,
133
B
36,3
30
Hj
957
£46
9 O
1,24
1 ^
42,9
34
P1,
602
"3 1=1
FU
EL
O
IL
(BA
RR
EL
S)
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
....
. ....
Mid
dle A
tlan
tic
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al ..
....
....
.
Mou
ntai
n __
..
..Pa
cific
....................
...
1,10
8,49
0
173,
070
4,22
31,
424
151,
391
87,3
1018
, 910
370,
099
19,8
6728
2, 1
96
995,
812
149,
532
5,98
31,
257
135,
797
83,2
6216
, 237
329,
546
20,2
0025
3,99
8
949,
936
125,
653
7,99
41,
492
130,
744
88,1
0516
,204
353,
352
20,9
4220
5,45
0
824,
081
90,3
509,
191
1,51
712
7, 6
5980
.540
15,8
2031
8,79
019
, 210
161,
004
856,
157
92, 7
2310
,010
1,32
112
6,99
4-81
, 692
16,4
9933
3,61
419
,507
173,
797
919,
960
103,
069
10,6
771,
382
167,
482
78, 7
9316
,023
344,
823
20,8
7817
6,83
3
1,01
0,11
7
121,
710
14, 2
191,
443
190,
658
77,7
9217
,291
361,
002
23,8
6620
2, 1
36
1,31
1,94
5
150,
800
16,1
7927
,486
337,
617
79,0
1919
,329
405,
289
23,4
3025
2,79
6
1,36
5,20
6
152,
871
15,4
026,
255
319,
377
83,6
4319
,424
415,
896
23,1
0732
9,23
1
1,30
8,84
1
183,
336
26,0
053,
176
227,
127
92,6
7018
,385
418,
681
25,4
2231
4,03
9
1,23
9,69
8
200,
515
26, 5
652,
718
180,
306
95, 7
5218
,652
416,
667
25,8
3127
2,69
2
1,30
6,97
3
234,
821
17,4
773,
132
201,
456
102,
767
16,4
6742
4,02
128
,803
278,
029
13,1
97,2
16
1, 7
78, 4
5016
3, 9
2552
,603
2,29
6,60
81,
031,
345
209,
241
4,49
1,78
027
1,06
32,
902,
201
co
TAB
LE 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
U
nite
d St
ates
, 1919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]19
22 C
onti
nued
F
UE
L O
IL (
BA
RR
EL
S)
Con
tinu
ed
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Oh
io...... ..
.. .
-...
...-
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gini
a..-
.-. ..
.. . ..
..
Flo
rid
a ..
..............
.E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Mis
siss
ippi
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Tex
as.-
. ..
.. _
__
.
Janu
ary
4,95
7 3 9548
, 618
117,
311
2,08
6
3,93
313
615
4
384
459
239
126
216
1,18
61,
163
11, 4
01 120
2,38
117
,722
117,
418 0
190 50
19,5
8667
,484 45
9 05,
618
12,8
33
20,6
0741
,700
51,6
8425
6.10
8
Febr
uary
2,69
3 230
043
,395
101,
224
1,91
8
5,70
712
415
2
362
387
210 97 201
720
1,14
813
, 294 30
51,
891
15, 7
0610
2, 7
33 020
0 5019
, 212
63,8
00 519 0
4,40
911
,309
18,5
4643
,620
47,6
0721
9. 7
73
Mar
ch
2,80
1 0 043
,513
77, 2
692,
070
7,66
413
619
4
369
435
371
113
204
536
1,11
49,
288
168
2,24
616
, 122
101,
270 0
206 60
21,5
8566
, 254 623 0
3,94
311
,638
15,6
9447
, 195
48,5
9124
1.87
1
Ap
ril 51
0 0 032
, 514
55, 9
121,
414
8,91
013
015
1
344
435
400
129
209
423
966
14,3
02 167.
2,02
914
, 641
95, 1
31 019
5 5019
,458
60,8
37 603 0
3,87
511
,342
16, 7
4141
,990
40,7
8221
9.27
7
May 1,
217 0 0
35,4
1854
,329
1,75
9
9,73
913
014
1
337
459
201 93 231
448
1,03
217
,601 15
01,
996
16,4
8789
,280
020
6 5019
,862
61, 5
74 433 0
4,46
511
,601
14,0
0141
, 370
39, 7
6123
8.48
2
June 44
3 0 038
,705
62,3
631,
558
10,3
88 131
158
338
482
247 77 238
624
969
51,0
23 150
2,16
916
,998
95,5
49
017
8' 5020
,303
58,2
62 404 0
4,04
811
,571
21,7
8643
,864
40, 5
7823
8. 5
95
July 1,07
4 15 900
39,3
3179
,025
1,36
5
13, 8
77 131
211
340
429
347 85 242
702
1,06
155
,888 23
52,
151
17,8
4811
2, 7
73 017
8 6021
,288
56,2
86
1,64
1 04,
205
22, 1
0751
,949
46,5
8924
0.35
7
August
2,13
4 094
744
,559
101,
538
1,62
2
15, 6
12 331
236
1,34
050
625
,123 26
525
2
1,77
712
,052
139,
971 16
62,
552
47,8
2513
3, 2
74 010
0 021
, 116
57,8
03
3,96
6 03,
933
11,4
30
22,4
4566
,378
50,2
0126
6.26
5
Sep
tem
ber
1,97
4,
02,
430
40,0
6010
6,95
01,
457
14,9
03 150
349
2,65
949
42,
590
262
250
3,98
712
, 521
111,
335
293
2,77
155
,882
132,
588 0
203 60
22,0
9861
,282
3,96
6 03,
696
15,6
0460
, 618
60,5
0627
9. 1
68
Oct
ober
5,81
1 52,
863
43,8
7412
9,07
31,
710
25, 4
13 160
432
750
753
1,14
427
625
3
2,13
93,
851
52,3
07 325
2,79
738
,460
127,
248 95 219 50
23,5
2868
,778
3,27
8 03,
247
UQ
flA
15,7
0371
,967
48,5
3328
2.47
8
Novem
ber
10,3
775
1,02
250
,441
137,
423
1,24
7
25, 7
66 348
451
369
554
921
617
257
1,91
12,
423
27,8
50 331
2,63
720
,994
124,
160 89 249 50
22, 3
7472
,990
3,59
3 952,
622
19
^J.
9
20,9
1670
, 397
50,6
9527
4. 6
59
Dec
embe
r
21,6
04 133,
999
57,3
8815
0,85
498
3
16,7
54 189
533
362
672
934
904
260
1,74
23,
330
40,2
95 280
2,83
323
,811
129,
165 74 200 50
22,8
7879
,565
3,40
1 95 404
12,5
67
20,1
4474
,347
40
ftfi
7
279.
663
Yea
r
55,5
95 43
Ki 7
7O
R
1 1
7O.
97
1in
io
n
158,
667
9
ftQ
ftq
1&
9
7 95
4
on
7O
7
3 04
49
52
1 0.
16, 1
9541
,630
544,
555
2,69
028
,453
1 3
fift
K
ftO 258
2qoj
580
253,
288
77J
one
99
S
SA
ion
44 4
6514
1, 7
00
224,
295
655,
395
E7R
o
n*
3.03
6.69
6
Mou
ntai
n:
Mon
tana
________ ..
New
Mex
ico _
___ . .
...
Ari
zona
.. . _
__
_ ...
...
Nev
ada _
_ _
__
__
__
Paci
fic:
W
ashi
ngto
n. _
___ . ..
.O
rego
n. ..................
Cal
ifor
nia _
. __ ..
... .
..
331
5,40
61,
922
11,9
22 286
8,85
53,
636
269,
705
307
5,84
81,
924
11.9
38 183
16,0
501,
456
236,
492
218
5,97
12,
186
12,2
92 275
23,8
01 733
180,
916
240
5,48
02,
140
11,2
83 67
8,15
045
815
2, 4
06
148
5,34
72,
453
11, 5
39 20
4,83
132
116
8,64
5
224
5,17
42,
123
13, 3
47 10
4,65
828
317
1,89
2
220
5,75
32,
523
15, 2
12 158
3,86
682
919
7, 4
41
374
5,42
72,
369
15,0
24 236
13, 4
311,
363
238,
002
239
5,27
72,
095
15,2
69 227
22,0
404,
919
302,
272
157
6,09
11
Qfi
l
16,9
24 289
25,5
348,
120
280,
385
223
5,29
21,
766
18, 3
40 210
9,78
58,
189
254,
718
198
8,04
51,
6.10
18,6
19 331
12,5
4619
,288
246,
195
2,87
969
, 111
25,0
7217
1, 7
092,
292
153,
537
49,5
952,
699
, 069
NA
TU
RA
L
GA
S (
M
CU
BIC
F
EE
T)
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
... ..
....
.
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c..
....
--..
.-..
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
.... ...
...
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
. .........
Sout
h A
tlan
tic.
.. ........
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
.. .... ..
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
. ......
..M
ount
ain.
__
__
_ ..
....
...
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c:
New
Yor
k __
_ .
......
.P
enns
ylva
nia .
............
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
......................
Indi
ana .
..................
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: M
isso
uri _
__
__
__
. ..
.K
ansa
s ...
....
....
....
....
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Mar
ylan
d. ...
....
....
....
Wes
t V
irgi
nia.
.. ..
....
...
Flo
rida...................
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky _____ . .
..W
est
Sou
th C
entr
al:
Ark
ansa
s .................
Lou
isia
na
Tex
as __
__
__
. .......
Mou
ntai
n:
Mon
tana
__
__
__
___
Wyo
min
g ...
....
....
....
..Pa
cifi
c:
Cal
ifor
nia
1, 6
31, 9
45
140,
703
163,
204
223,
785
190,
448
8,04
472
2,99
37,
894
174,
874
10,6
2513
0,07
8
161,
204
2,00
0 022
3,78
5
590
189,
839 19
8,04
4
137,
556
114,
192
351,
838
119,
407
1,19
96,
695
174,
874
1, 5
99, 9
77
106,
731
217,
065
247,
949
175,
570
6,87
874
Q.5
546,
435
OS
TO"*
11,9
5194
,780
215,
189
1,87
6
1,22
324
6,72
6
590
174,
970 10
6,87
8
125,
370
119,
854
342,
820
152,
510
1,03
55,
400
98,7
95
1, 5
98, 9
66
112,
462
285,
285
217,
708
186,
409
7,23
076
2, 9
056,
597
20,3
70
10 0
70
QO
d&
d
OQ
O
0,4
ft
2,44
5
2,63
521
5, 0
73 590
185,
813 6
7,23
0
117,
106
103,
017
386,
369
156,
413
1,07
95,
518
30,3
70
1, 8
50, 1
85
104,
050
521,
499
223,
079
201,
274
8,45
575
7, 4
706,
185
28,1
73
10,3
5093
,700
519,
478
2,02
1 022
3,07
9
590
200,
679 5
8,45
5
111,
909
101,
664
366,
323
177,
574
1,00
55,
180
28,1
73
2, 2
12, 8
52
133,
565
289,
118
245,
190
7,85
579
1, 5
746,
661
125,
433
ic
O7f
i
115,
287
611,
579
1,87
7 028
9,11
8
590
244,
595 5
7,85
5
135,
714
87, 4
7139
1, 7
6517
6, 6
24
1,12
35,
538
125,
433
2, 3
44, 7
91
7C
Q
Q1
627,
191
371,
208
219,
977
13,1
6086
5,36
66,
6b3
1ft*
> ft
3^
6,40
171
,990
625,
115
2,07
6 037
1,20
8
590
219,
384
13,1
60
128,
909
86,4
4044
0,60
020
9,41
7
1,04
25,
621
162,
835
2,60
6,78
3
84,7
62
378,
769
247,
573
16.6
73
5,54
493
Q
dQ*\
1O
O
OQ
72, 3
74
655,
665
1,84
4 0 590
246,
983 0
16, 6
73
187,
985
91,0
3045
1, 1
2624
6,31
7
1,06
64,
478
239,
495
3, 0
56, 1
45
74 4
3065
4,88
943
5, 9
2725
2, 7
1922
,531
1, 0
90, 7
975,
849
20,5
1653
, 914
652,
524
2,36
5 043
5,92
7
590
252,
121 8
22,5
31
260,
913
93,9
9545
6,69
627
9,19
3
1,14
64,
703
519,
003
3,12
5,06
3
71, 3
5470
3,72
034
8, 8
2323
8,63
515
, 917
1, 0
97, 2
336,
153
15, 4
6055
,894
701,
207
2,51
3 034
8, 8
23 590
238,
041 4
15,9
17
280,
934
91,9
9544
3,10
528
1,19
9
1,21
64,
937
643,
228
2,83
3,83
5
79,7
8869
9, 9
7716
4,95
122
5,68
022
,711
1, 0
17, 9
2811
,896
610,
904
24,7
7455
, 014
698,
745
1,23
2 016
4, 9
51 0 22
5,67
6 4
22,7
11
191,
129
92,3
3946
4,12
327
0,33
7
1,25
510
,641
610,
904
2,38
3,28
5
S4
O9Q
595,
266
155,
797
208,
034
24,3
3098
4,76
213
, 019
318,
048
16,1
8567
,844
593,
171
2,09
5 o'15
5, 7
97 0 20
8,02
9 5
24,3
30
178,
037
98,2
9044
8,35
126
0,08
4
1,22
311
,796
318,
048
1,92
8,40
1
75, 1
9840
9, 7
4615
6,98
216
3, &
822
,573
928,
586
12,1
9015
9. 1
78
15,6
2059
,578
407,
820
1,92
6 015
6,98
2 0 16
3, 9
48 5
22,5
73
162,
663
99,3
8343
9,43
722
7,18
3
1,29
210
,898
159,
17S
27, 1
72, 2
28
1, 1
45, 4
636,
148
, 807
3,21
4,09
62,
555
, 457
176,
357
10, 7
36, 6
2695
,086
3, 1
00, 3
36
175,
526
969,
937
6, 1
24, 5
3724
,270
3,85
83,
210,
238
5,31
0 2,
550,
073 74
176,
357
2, 0
18, 2
251,
179
, 590
4,98
2,55
32,
556,
258
13,6
8181
,405
3,10
0,33
600
TABL
E 43.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d [S
tate
s, 19
19-1
926
Con
.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1923
CO
AL
(SH
OR
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Mid
dle A
tlan
tic
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
....
....
..
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
..........
.
"P
am
ftn
New
Eng
land
:
New
Ham
pshi
re ..
......
..
Rho
de I
slan
d __
__
__
Con
nect
icut
... ..
......
.
, .
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....
... .
__
_ _
In
dia
na.
... _
_ . .
....
....
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Kan
sas
Janu
ary
3, 5
66, 5
24
248,
100
1, 1
38, 5
731,
281
, 115
401,
129
286,
845
109,
819
40, 7
0755
, 146
5,09
0
731
4,22
8 6515
6, 4
5612
, 569
74,0
51
470,
816
130,
688
537,
069
360,
605
203,
210
460,
867
165,
665
90, 7
68
76, 1
1293
,957
134,
306
21, 5
859,
923
34,9
9730
,249
Febr
uary
3, 2
52, 0
84
228,
653
1, 0
43, 3
291,
183
, 079
366,
431
246,
114
91,8
8937
, 515
50,4
064,
668
552
3,98
139
314
2,66
810
, 966
70,0
93
441,
881
117,
801
483,
647
337,
075
185,
899
418,
984
156,
710
84,4
11
74, 4
3985
,771
124,
412
19, 7
558,
152
31, 3
6622
, 536
Mar
ch
3, 3
57, 1
29
227,
026
1, 0
84, 1
941,
220
, 051
348,
913
276,
686
102,
607
38,6
4255
,224
3,78
6
1,30
83,
382 97
143,
815
11, 5
3366
, 891
442,
669
124,
820
516,
705
359,
362
185,
109
441,
527
152,
516
81, 5
37
69, 6
5189
, 010
111,
685
15, 4
148,
082
32,7
7522
,296
Apr
il
2, 9
81, 0
58
188,
618
962,
000
1, 0
97, 9
7729
6,78
426
4, 3
5484
,574
37, 1
7548
,693 88
3
474
2,36
1 2211
6, 1
739,
458
60,1
30
389,
206
112,
075
460,
719
326,
794
177,
439
391,
621
133,
999
68,1
24
41,2
3980
,510
102,
723
11,7
986,
763
30,8
8722
,864
May
2, 9
52, 6
76
185,
968
951,
934
1, 0
96, 3
8928
1,88
426
6, 2
7887
,094
35, 7
9746
,207
1,12
5
476
2,46
5 2011
2, 8
089,
717
60, 4
82
384,
736
109,
721
457,
477
331,
920
175,
449
391,
977
137,
294
59, 7
49
36,6
9773
, 238
105,
929
10, 1
316,
597
29,7
7919
, 513
Jun
e
2,95
8,50
8
198,
541
946,
307
1, 0
73, 2
2128
4,75
228
2,83
485
, 609
41, 5
8644
,434
1,22
4
198
3,13
5 2012
0, 3
158,
928
65,9
45
390,
507
108,
653
447,
147
310,
767
179,
929
383,
056
143,
690
55, 7
79
38,2
3872
,632
106,
537
11, 7
626,
275
30, 1
3819
, 170
July
3, 0
50, 2
93
211,
933
973,
845
1, 0
82, 9
2729
0,30
331
1, 0
3789
, 828
43, 4
1845
,354
1,64
8
562
4,46
239
712
6,03
77,
663
72, 8
12
407,
509
111,
721
454,
615
306,
020
174,
538
393,
522
151,
494
57,3
53
39, 5
9073
, 714
110,
846
12,3
806,
584
31, 3
0815
,881
Aug
ust
3, 2
18, 0
13
222,
038
989,
514
1, 1
64, 5
4933
9, 4
8831
2, 7
0497
, 519
43,3
5347
,329
1,51
9
2,57
54,
590
733
131,
401
7,59
775
,142
427,
715
93,2
4346
8, 5
56
323,
054
180,
624
426,
005
162,
571
72,2
95
55, 5
0978
,542
131,
280.
12, 6
177,
206
33, 3
4920
,985
Sept
embe
r
3, 1
78, 5
69
217,
733
969,
833
1, 1
25, 1
0233
2, 1
7931
0, 7
3112
5,85
043
, 872
48,9
054,
364
1,24
74,
649
482
131,
095
7,46
172
,799
427,
451
95,2
2044
7, 1
62
318,
811
177,
222
408,
639
151,
333
69,0
97
58,0
2979
, 401
123,
627
12, 5
147,
491
31, 6
8919
,428
Oct
ober
3, 5
88, 6
26
237,
012
1, 0
84, 3
821,
248
, 629
363,
046
372,
200
173,
255
47, 8
1153
, 756
8,53
5
1,54
75,
068
398
146,
549
8,52
974
, 921
474,
697
117,
958
491,
727
357,
921
191,
141
457,
470
166,
593
75,5
04
68,8
8686
, 213
133,
952
14, 3
178,
165
33, 4
5118
.062
Nov
embe
r
3, 4
66, 3
98
207,
008
1, 0
46, 3
041,
243
, 118
362,
684
341,
148
115
0,03
246
,544
57, 0
2112
,539
1,71
73,
742 84
129,
612
8,68
863
,165
AA
Q
7C
O
122,
528
473,
994
365,
361
197,
912
AA
n 04
0
166,
079
79 Q
93
70,9
5085
,728
132,
258
15,1
228,
169
31,2
8419
. 173
Dec
embe
r
3, 3
96, 1
22
207,
867
1, 0
26, 7
941,
257
, 118
376,
643
311,
738
102,
375
46, 3
6061
, 976
5,25
1
2,37
73,
322 28
128,
044
9,48
464
,612
435,
778
122,
313
468,
703
352,
750
198,
419
464,
443
166,
723
74,7
83
77,2
5189
,466
133,
052
9,31
133
, 578
18. 3
16
Tot
al
38, 9
66, 0
00
2, 5
80, 4
9712
,217
,009
14, 0
73, 2
75d.
ndd
9Qfi
3,58
2,66
91,
300
, 451
KH
9 7S
fl
614,
451
50,6
32
TO
*J
RA
45,3
852
7Q
Q
1 58
4 97
311
2, 5
9382
1,04
3
5, 1
42, 7
471,
366
, 741
5, 7
07, 5
21
4, 0
50, 4
402,
226
, 891
5,07
8,95
41,
854
, 667
706,
591
988,
182
1,45
0,60
717
3, 0
6492
,718
384,
601
248.
473
00 to
CONSUMPTION OP FUELS 183
' ^S'o^S^eSOO'a'oo
06"
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rtCaJ^J
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«c
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I i
111 !&'a tf
'cp
1"S0 °2
; ;
i i( !
S§ * br'ojs §
«
i
1
!
i
n >'R-c5*»ja JC3 a-oB 3 g 3.s-g g-s\g % aS 8 g 1^ So
9 2 So o " O " k* *sj *
5>O(NOCT»OCCt^=O ScO^t^OXOt-lfiCO -COCO<-KOi-iaOOOrH
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S55;;100'
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^ cfd'.-r'-r
^
i III!I
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 1919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1923
Con
tinu
ed
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AE
EE
LS
) C
onti
nued
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
New
Jer
sey
_ _
__
__
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
....
. ..
........
...
India
na.
.... _
__
__
_Il
lin
ois
................
...
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Iow
a. _
__
_ ..
.. ..
....
.
Nor
th D
akot
a....
- __
..So
uth
Dak
ota.
.- .
....
...
Kan
sas
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia......... .
....
....
Nor
th C
arol
ina .
....
......
Flor
ida _
__
_ ..
. ...
....
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Lou
isia
na...
Tex
as..
... .
^.. .
........
..
Janu
ary
26,3
80 476
451
351
755
869
598
277
1,24
43,
212
36, 1
70 259
2,72
921
,523
119,
390 4 20 0
367 0
22.2
1781
,432
3,32
511
92,
707
12,5
45
21,2
4173
,895
50,9
9826
9, 1
75
Febr
uary
19,2
86 447
373
304
690
877
598
258
1,04
61,
888
38, 3
71 226
2,56
919
,865
113,
121 0 18 0
391 0
21,0
3576
,193
1,85
010
42,
707
11,8
53
23,6
1765
,733
46,0
3423
2,72
7
Mar
ch
20,6
55 516
331
326
714
837
382
270
1,00
11,
542
27,1
28 230
2,60
321
, 016
106,
769 0 21 0
367 0
23,1
1684
,172 67
111
22,
921
12,6
86
17,6
3069
,054
48,6
0025
3,35
6
Apr
il
17, 4
87 296
352
312
738
813
370
266
715
1,41
318
, 781 23
02,
361
16,2
5510
4, 3
55 0 50 036
7 020
,643
75,2
60 431
107
2,83
712
,223
21,4
6562
,004
43,1
8522
9,01
1
May
18,5
29 496
325
316
533
809
512
277
660
1,47
017
,078 22
42,
393
16,3
2698
,265 16 46 0
387 0
21,2
4574
, 012 431
110
3,03
812
,294
16, 7
1368
,601
41, 0
3523
0,76
9
June
21, 7
02 897
379
298
525
794
517
284
554
1,68
415
, 755 264
2,32
717
, 537
99,0
73 0 60 038
7 021
,797
68,1
05
1,03
011
03,
133
£12,
176
18,9
4353
,949
40,1
5423
7,73
9
July
26,6
80 514
430
284
583
820
679
269
1,58
12,
666
18,2
22 275
2,62
319
, 712
102,
020 0
140 80 387 0
20,2
8266
,520
1,16
111
02,
934
12, 3
18
25,8
0951
,983
45,6
0725
0, 4
05
Aug
ust
29,1
23 561
467.
210
560
939
922
314
877
2,65
916
,978 28
42,
623
19, 0
7710
7, 5
69 018
534
739
7 022
,053
67,2
69
1,33
611
02,
974
12,2
35
27,1
69.
53,2
8548
,850
279,
335
Sept
embe
r
32,2
81 516
403
410
458
919
729
308
851
1,95
716
, 127 267
2,74
822
,047
107,
325 3
141
427
389 0
24,2
5268
,029
2,60
411
03,
322
11,9
77
20,8
0748
, 654
41, 5
1228
1,38
6
Oct
ober
31, 5
19 620
1,46
2
668
622
1,08
783
935
8
801
1,83
024
,122 30
53,
534
22,5
0911
7, 1
08 314
044
738
925
330
,150
76,8
45
1,45
020
33,
054
12, 4
62
26,8
9254
,475
45, 1
1628
6,61
6
Nov
embe
r
24,5
84 561
524
671
659
1,28
097
246
6
1,05
21,
931
23,9
79 323
4,61
022
,643
117,
603 0
143
436
329
254
26,0
4880
,020 53
520
32,
937
12, 4
89
25,6
8650
,881
40,7
9029
0,53
6
Dec
embe
r
1 23
,616 57
452
2
680
770
1,20
076
443
2
1,13
52,
090
27, 4
61 304
3,78
924
,571
122.
360 0
135
368
210
270
24,2
6289
,268 53
520
32,
994
13, 3
79
23,6
4361
,773
44,5
7129
4,40
4
Tot
al
291,
842
6,47
46,
019
4,83
07,
607
11,2
447,
882
3,77
9
11, 5
1724
,342
280,
172
3,19
134
,909
243,
081
1, 3
14, 9
58 261,
099
2,10
54,
367
777
277,
100
907,
125
15, 3
591,
601
35, 5
5814
8, 6
37
269,
615
714,
287
536,
452
3, 1
35, 4
59
00
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 185
1Ǥ
i^io^O eoc^A!!S3£!^ 1"H »ocoF»laocoow co o *&
^ifejcd1 oT
J oTco;
5S 2S^»rt WOOD
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<"OCBOO^f TP^H CJglO^H-^ IQO>Q
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i-H Cw t"» i-H
»ocOTf<t-iocoQii-i -"OS- JQOJ .-!<
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coooeocrH'® CO 1
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3SSS 32-H J CO- 00 -H (N
)i-HO COfH OCO>«« rj.,-1 Bo6 OOW T)<O
1-1 ro co p >o cd o c >o o 1-1 S3 cd oo i-i»
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co"i<rtW
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3O»COOOi-HCO t*-C3>ocot^cor- goc5t^ >OO 't- CO«
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OS^as) Sfl
11 If 1^Aa c i
§ (2
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fue
l in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919-1
926 C
on.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1924
CO
AL
(SH
OR
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Paci
fic
___ _
__
_ -
New
Eng
land
:
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
ew Y
ork
...........
..
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio
......... .
.. ..
.. ..
. ...
Ill
inois
.. -
-
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Kan
sas.
_ ..
...... _
..
Janu
ary
3, 6
69, 9
73
217,
211
1,09
5,84
21,
398
, 241
423,
754
318,
051
102,
603
48,5
1962
, 137
3,71
5
247
3,51
811
413
6, 5
219,
736
67,0
75
458,
123
123,
931
513,
788
393,
600
203,
875
524,
472
192,
971
83,3
23
87, 1
3495
, 359
157,
035
16, 6
039,
345
35,5
8822
.690
Febr
uary
3, 33
3, 63
6
223,
544
1,00
9,85
51,
264
, 391
347,
206
295,
016
92,9
6244
,776
52,9
862,
900
114
3,61
0 2513
8,57
010
, 131
71,0
94
422,
583
114,
600
472,
672
364,
745
182,
492
462,
324
175,
173
79, 6
57
72,9
9081
, 911
117,
404
13, 7
598,
081
31,2
9021
.771
Mar
ch
3, 2
43, 7
86
211,
351
995,
087
1, 2
55, 0
31
270,
785
90,2
0149
,057
53, 6
031,
995
200
O
01 A
192
132,
099
Q
f,K7
66,9
83
416,
280
113,
535
465,
272
357,
323
183,
838
468,
940
165,
649
79,2
81
65,7
4581
, 307
98,7
7112
,356
7,69
530
,495
20.3
07
Apr
il
2, 8
98, 3
81
180,
189
923,
197
1, 1
09, 8
65
242,
802
82,0
9744
,673
47, 7
491,
772
233
1,76
816
211
2,88
17
fiQ
A
57,4
51
381,
074
102,
929
439,
194
318,
125
166,
767
424,
395
139,
454
61,1
24
37,9
3770
,003
89, 7
6419
<W
M
6,54
129
,089
19.3
09
May
2, 8
22, 9
88
168,
346
907,
297
10,0
77,0
*25
6, 8
2323
6,80
885
,506
AA
7
04
44,7
641,
655
200
1,91
7 6110
4,58
27,
818
53,7
68
375,
285
99,2
1443
2,79
8
320,
848
160,
987
410,
438
130,
033
54,7
49
30,0
6863
,920
90,9
1311
W
M.
6,77
629
,745
18.0
27
June
2, 6
89, 7
16
171,
662
850,
483
1,00
0,61
036
1, 3
4223
2,21
182
,992
AA li
e
44,9
701,
331
217
3,60
116
710
1, 4
569,
570
56,6
51
363,
607
95,1
6639
1, 7
10
291,
160
151,
825
385,
956
124,
358
47, 3
11
36,7
6469
, 831
86, 9
5710
,383
31, 1
3819
. 931
July
2,78
9,50
7
185,
296
885,
252
1, 0
23, 9
9926
7,54
324
1,48
188
,871
A.A.
009
50,2
931,
780
174
4,45
012
110
8,19
911
,263
61,0
89
395,
251
100,
277
389,
724
295,
554
151,
905
396,
047
130,
057
50,4
36
44,0
5670
,250
82,4
6211
,527
6,04
034
,478
18.7
30
Aug
ust
2, 9
44, 9
93
199,
053
906,
048
1, 0
60, 4
9225
9,01
5
126,
647
48,0
7752
,561
6,93
5
192
4,76
827
811
9,26
810
,837
63,7
10
408,
211
104,
088
393,
749
308,
993
155,
134
412,
284
132,
489
51, 5
92
31, 2
1870
, 597
83,7
2312
, 574
R an
a34
, 634
19.3
60
Sept
embe
r
3, 01
2, 58
2
197
384
902,
810
1, 0
76, 2
6726
6, 0
7731
1, 7
1613
5,84
847
,950
58,3
3016
,200 20
74,
470
QS7
118,
796
9,76
063
,764
395,
128
106,
091
401,
591
303,
827
155,
707
419,
382
143,
836
53, 5
15
35,3
8573
,176
84,7
141
9
QK
9
7 19
034
,319
18.9
41
Oct
ober
3, 2
21, 6
93
216,
667
QR
7 0
14
1,16
2,19
0O
Q1
Q1
4,
9QQ
SQ
Q
155,
490
54,3
5362
,116
11, 1
50 183
4,78
517
213
3,87
610
,456
67, 1
95
421,
608
11
9
4.Q
1
433,
815
324,
525
165,
846
455,
995
154,
130
Rl
RC
U
36,3
6679
,767
92,7
0510
ftO
Q
7,91
237
,696
23.8
39
Nov
embe
r
3, 29
3, 61
9o
on
O
Aj.
990,
323
1, 1
76, 3
47Q
(V4
409
312,
990
166,
383
53,2
7861
,036
1,86
6
658
5,23
530
613
5,85
515
, 735
69, 1
15
432,
680
114,
503
4jM
14
fl
323,
410
170,
357
466,
826
149,
074
66,6
80
48,1
1682
, 751
89, 7
821
K
OQ
7
8,20
737
,088
23.1
61
Dec
embe
r
3, 6
35, 2
51
nAA
qoi
1, 1
06, 0
561,
335
, 187
375,
057
310,
917
127,
190
56,6
3575
,011
4,87
7
302
5,49
323
215
1, 9
8119
QO
S70
A
nn.
479,
437
126,
872
499,
747
359,
037
192,
907
534,
000
17fl
S
97
7Q
A
1 f
i
64 3
3895
)760
120,
092
17
Q
Rfi
Q
94^
4H
*.26
.647
Tot
al
2,44
1,92
811
, 540
, 164
13, 9
39, 6
753,
634
, 936
3, 3
68, 8
411,
337,
690
681,
159
665,
556
56,1
76
2 92
745
,925
2,21
71,
494
, 084
125,
475
m*>
nn
4,94
9,26
71,
313,
697
6,27
7,20
0
3, 9
61, 1
472,
041,
640
5,36
1,05
91,
808,
051
767,
778
CQ
A
1/|7
QA
f\ con
1, 1
94, 3
2216
0,32
8O
n 97
Q
406,
555
252.
713
00
O
i 8 Q
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 187
<O»HCO»HCO
StoN^i^ ti^
?&s ss5«3 0009
cot^-^aT cfifcfcf-f <Si-* i-* iH *P i-*
;cOi-i coioiQi-ictt O«5r-lQ i-l MOO CO CO CN<H5cO« COCOOTPCO OOr-(
S O^CK^i; t-^rlMOO OC3, cogcjco 5sS?i2£!?9 S~2I rH t^^CO^< 00 00 CN CO i-H CD vH
SVJ ^r£oJ'co ao<ff<S<f efcoocf ^^S*C*1-* !-<!-* CO
ss^ssgss;
ooiooTg' ci5o6"«gc>f
i-l (M
oTco-oToT
r-4Or*-v4Ob kO f-4
"42 "K w
-£ I : i i i §23 I'll. .Iff
1 * * Q*<~*_3 md 9 $*' J a ° &
CO II i-l i-l r-(
CO t-i i-l i-l CO IO
§ OOOi-l< ® £ S£
I i-i co 10 ce e» e* co
co 2} 50 H t: S3 1 j "3 O6 Mc3 ^;co O3QOb ^ CO O C4 QO CD
>^ cooeoVT»f«
i-c i-l CO t-
) r-1 ^ 1-1 CO «O
15 a^l^J'. ,
|2«1s»Sl- g^^ll^S g
TAB
LE 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fue
ls i
n ge
nera
ting
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-uti
lity
pow
er p
lant
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es,
1919
-
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]*
1924 C
onti
nued
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AR
RE
LS
) C
onti
nued
Con.
Div
isio
n an
d S
tate
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
... _
_ ..
.. _
. _ ..
.
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Nor
th D
akot
a __
__
__
Sout
h D
akot
a _____
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
- V
irgin
ia....-
Flo
rida
- ._
_____ .
.E
ast
Sout
h C
entr
al:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Okl
ahom
aT
exas
- . . _________
Janu
ary
25,6
57 633
541
762
753
1,18
570
552
5
864
2,09
834
,476
' 33
53,
662
28,9
4212
4,17
1 513
565
027
024
324
,229
96,2
63 575
235
3,00
014
,583
18,8
6669
,482
48,4
9031
1, 9
39
Feb
ruar
y
22, 3
98 564
449
734
669
836
1,39
948
6
980
2,22
323
,682 30
13,
620
24, 2
5910
4.28
4 013
2 55 270
180
23,3
1590
,267 56
921
92,
969
13,9
00
19,4
1862
,220
42, 3
1328
6,39
8
Mar
ch
21,4
62 613
520
901
641
418
2,36
021
0
866
1,68
221
,841 31
33,
644
23,0
8698
, 755 0
134 12 270
168
21,9
0589
, 013 56
022
92,
973
12, C
58
16,6
7161
,173
40, 9
1427
8, 1
58
Apri
l
21,3
70 493
485
811
706
572
706
287
571
1,74
112
,262 17
23,
246
19, 5
7896
,028 0
133
196
270
196
17,3
0580
,062 49
922
02,
851
16, 8
72
16,0
6457
, 631
41,1
8723
2, 8
90
May
20,5
24 630
413
934
eoo
318
364
350
463
2,12
412
,248 27
63,
266
20,2
8395
, 714 0 81 685
160
176
17, 3
8778
, 314 24
8'2
38
3,14
816
,110
15,8
0453
, 387
40,7
3521
0, 2
89
June
19,8
27 637
428
775
566
347
414
315
607
2,15
611
,102 27
03,
000
11, 8
7068
,232 0 81 24
3IS
O24
318
, 948
78,3
20 479
401
2,78
216
,559
24,5
9454
, 805
41,2
1921
6, 9
45
July
22,5
74 f90
408
767
610
256
- 84
326
4
653
2,32
612
,343 25
63,
182
10,0
4574
, 873 4 79 464
HO
224
19,4
8877
,620 38
940
72,
800
16,7
24
29,1
9652
,489
43,8
6923
3, 5
63
August
23,9
34 701 64 835
615
176
633
257
782
2,47
312
,181 27
03,
44'3
8,99
076
, 072 0 79 497
150
234
19, 7
6079
,242 44
250
22,
957
16,9
42
28,3
9457
, 291
40,3
5223
3,09
6
Sept
embe
r
22, 6
40 698
505
899
662
210
1,83
434
8
863
2,33
613
, 888 388
3,62
17,
960
79,4
06 0 81 574
150
254
20,8
4383
,424 42
649
22,
688
15,4
19
25,9
8854
,704
36, 5
3620
3,01
9
Oct
ob
er
25.5
91 745
455
959
778
201
1,41
847
7
941
2.21
110
, 159 336
3,52
58,
795
77, 6
48 0 80 418
150
243
22,9
1788
,555 45
054
3 4516
,114
33, 1
1757
,425
37,2
7219
3, 6
58
Nov
embe
r
21,9
14 723
622
957
802
194
1,61
261
5
956
2,29
215
,403 34
83,
152
10,0
5477
, 710 0 90 492
150
258
23,8
5291
,647 38
649
6 4513
,720
33, 3
6957
, 821
36,2
7015
9,42
6
Dec
embe
r
24,3
81 777
564
1,00
086
219
23,
208
980
1,04
82,
795
27, 7
47 350
3,73
116
,027
90,3
98 0 97 275-
150
204
24,4
5492
, 749 501
581 87
15,1
50
25,3
5657
,939
39,9
5021
5,95
8
Tot
al
272,
272
7,90
45,
454
10,3
348,
264
4,90
515
,496
5,11
4
9,59
426
,457
207,
332
3,61
541
,092
189,
919
1,06
3,29
1 91,
202
4,56
12,
290
2,62
325
4,40
31,
025,
476
5,52
44,
563
26,3
4518
4, 7
51
286,
837
696,
367
489,
107
2,77
5,33
9
00
00 8
Mou
ntai
n:
Paci
fic:
Ore
gon.
__
__
__
__
_
oon
ft
499
VQ
9
18,9
26 542
29 7
247,
630
558,
602
235
6,49
159
716
, 957 317
11,3
726,
016
477,
229
OQ
O
5,] 1
2M
.A
17, 5
19 227
15, 7
742,
263
ft C
O
OQ
ft
OO
Q
4Q
fi1
18, 1
53 161
18, 4
05 860
715,
286
fi4fi
14,6
13 OK
1 9
7R
Q
508
468,
178
AA
3,62
066
715
,080 18
0
16, 3
32 393
pq
i q
nq
694,
066
697
ic
*>1O
348
29 9
6416
,093
661,
554
95
4
4 12
469
016
, 377
40,0
954,
522
9IV
7
490
-1
756
AQ
A
31,6
372,
128
R4.
1 Q
39
270
5,64
188
016
,098 62
7
25,0
173,
539
637,
356
272
5,68
3Y
4ft
16,8
774
R4
niQ
fi
12,6
94
273
5,95
777
617
,058 56
5
17 4
3831
,284
480,
585
2,51
861
,534
8,48
319
9,02
54,
326
259,
739
85,9
306,
726
, 639
NA
TU
RA
L G
AS
(M
CU
BIC
F
EE
T)
Uni
ted
Stat
es. -
__
__
.
Mid
dle
Atl
anti
c....
........
..
Wes
t N
orth
Cen
tral
__
__
_So
uth
Atla
ntic
_____ . .
..
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
........
..M
ount
ain ..
....
....
....
....
.Pa
cific
......................
..
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
Penn
sylv
ania
__
__
__
_E
ast
Nor
th C
entr
al:
Ohio
....
....
....
....
.....
Indi
ana.
. _____ . .
...
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al:
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Wes
t Vir
gin
ia........
....
Flor
ida.
______ . .
....
Eas
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
:
Okl
ahom
a ...
....
....
.....
Tex
as..
....
............
..M
ount
ain:
M
onta
na ..
....
....
....
...
Paci
fic:
Cal
iforn
ia .............
...
2, 4
34, 7
46
43, 7
8910
0,67
818
2, 5
0014
2, 8
3916
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973,
071
10, 6
0896
5,00
1
12, 3
6731
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99,2
041,
474
182,
500
142,
816 23
16,2
60
188,
682
113,
951
465,
809
204,
629
1,31
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001
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00
40,7
4268
, 574
185,
653
108,
063
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8, 9
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0,20
0
12, 5
7428
, 168
67,0
061,
568
185,
653
108,
043 20
12,1
81
157,
832
104,
765
408,
844
237,
490
2,83
88,
018
1,25
0,20
0
3, 1
73, 5
49
41, 7
1631
4^63
624
2, 4
6112
5. 3
4215
, 806
1,00
9,21
318
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1, 4
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48
11,6
6530
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312,
945
1,69
1
242,
461
125,
299 43
15, 8
06
167,
204
134,
909
365,
732
341,
368
3,00
115
, 226
1,40
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8
2, 8
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29
37, 3
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6, 0
1725
8, 2
4098
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12, 0
161,
187,
409
18, 3
0485
3,01
9
8,65
128
, 650
334,
337
1,68
0
258,
240
98, 1
78 45
12,0
16
144,
937
131,
028
355,
195
556,
249
2,48
415
, 820
853,
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3,01
7,84
8
40, 3
3016
0, 6
1825
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, 161
13,0
341,
453,
669
18, 6
5997
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08
10, 5
7029
, 760
158,
223
2,39
5
253,
469
98,1
53 8
13,0
34
151,
487
121,
243
400,
204
780,
735
2,40
116
,258
979,
908
4, 2
64, 3
23
36, 0
2515
8,21
130
8, 4
2385
,658
13, 5
481,
495
, 649
17, 2
132,
149
, 596
7,79
728
, 228
156,
875
1,33
6
308,
423
85,6
47 11
13,5
48
164,
240
139,
465
399,
790
792,
154
2,50
514
,708
2, 1
49, 5
96
5,07
1,75
7
28,9
68m
QA
Q
356,
319
91,1
17
1, 60
2, 8
3516
, 404
2, 8
34, 9
02
3,78
525
, 183
133,
349
1,60
0
356,
319
91, 1
09 8
6,26
3
188,
521
148,
960
411,
936
853,
418
2,16
514
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2, 8
34, 9
02
5, 3
91, 2
16
29, 2
3815
0, 0
18
76,0
958,
612
1, 6
71, 2
8117
, 153
3,06
1,13
7
4,78
324
,455
148,
227
1,79
1
377,
682
76,0
95 0
8,61
2
190,
310
149,
979
404,
683
926,
309
2,59
014
, 563
3,06
1,13
7
5, 8
83, 6
65
33, 3
4152
8, 4
5142
3, 9
1978
,006
1, 67
8, 0
4318
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3, 1
16, 6
42
4,90
427
, 437
1,80
1
423,
919
68,0
06 0
6,99
1
183,
935
145,
868
369,
828
978,
512
2,59
915
, 673
3, 1
16, 6
42
6, 1
62, 5
67
29,0
2860
2,20
348
7, 3
1575
, 308
7,85
41,
914
, 158
16, 8
893,
029
, 812
4,50
524
,523
601,
294
909
487,
315
75, 3
08 0
7,85
4
195,
206
155,
468
409,
339
1, 1
54, 1
45
2,72
714
, 162
3,02
9,81
2
4, 6
32, 5
47
28,7
9236
1, 1
7442
8, 8
2868
,447
8,50
61,
804,
524
17, 6
071,
914
, 669
4,51
124
, 281
359,
654
1,52
0
428,
828
68,4
47 0
8,50
6
173,
859
155,
742
366,
935
1,10
7,98
8
2,78
614
, 821
1, 9
14, 6
69
3,02
4,73
9
30, 1
392"
3, 3
6428
0, 3
3571
,301
8,21
61,
556
, 707
14, 4
8184
0, 1
96
4,62
925
, 510
222,
173
1,19
1
280,
335
71,3
01 0
8,21
6
163,
650
168,
720
394,
933
829,
404
2,83
411
,647
840,
196
48,4
42,6
86
419,
409
3, 1
38, 8
933,
785
, 144
1, 1
18, 5
6012
9,28
717
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194,
673
22, 4
01, 2
30
91, 7
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7,66
8
3, 1
19, 9
3718
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3, 7
85, 1
44
1,11
8,40
215
8
129,
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2,06
9,86
31,
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4,75
3,22
88,
762,
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30,2
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6
22,4
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30
00
<£>
190 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
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CONSUMPTION OP FUELS 193
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§
S (S
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
9&6
Con
.
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
1926
CO
AL
(SH
OR
T T
ON
S)
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Uni
ted
Stat
es. _
_
New
Eng
land
... _
_ . _
_M
iddl
e A
tlan
tic-
....
.....
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al...
.. ~
Wes
t So
uth
Cen
tral
....
......
Mou
ntai
n ...
....
....
....
....
.
New
Eng
land
:
New
Ham
pshi
re _
.' ...
...
Ver
mon
t __ _
__
_M
assa
chus
etts
Rho
de I
slan
d _ .._
....
._
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
: N
«w
Yo
r*.
..
....
...
Penn
sylv
ania
. ..
....
...
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
.. ..
....
....
....
.. ..
.
Illin
ois
..
_ .
Wis
cons
in...
... ..
. ..
. W
est N
orth
Cen
tral
:
Iqw
a -
N«r
tb P
ak
ota
..
.S>
u,th
Dakota
N
ebra
ska
. _ .
Kan
sas.
_
__
__
..
Janu
ary
3,71
0,60
2
254,
100
1, 13
4, G
471
372
692
'350
)243
356,
744
105,
442
71,4
7365
,066 16
5
217
4,11
3 014
3,63
729
,833
76,3
00
470,
605
135,
293
£28,
740
375,
952
196,
950
525,
618
186,
152
88,0
30
68,9
41§4
,739
is! &W
J10
o§}
37* 8
5135
, 366
Febr
uary
3, 2
98, 4
19
234,
606
1,04
1,19
31
939
SlASL
306,
014
276,
954
89,0
3763
,396
64,2
59 119
124
3,96
9 013
4,12
426
,191
70,1
98
431,
887
124,
595
484,
761
334,
569
172,
390
467,
707
172,
929
85,2
48
afi'a
fii
13,6
16
3l',8
7432
,841
Mar
ch
3,48
9,87
1
237,
588
1, 12
8, 6
861,
312,
362
303,
457
301,
686
82,1
5466
,163
67,4
93 233
121
3,67
9 013
7,42
931
,173
65, 1
87
481,
399
132,
113
645,
674
358,
984
189,
026
502,
749
182,
618
80,9
85
76,5
13
89,6
82
8 ST
S.
34; A
M30
,240
Apr
il
3,12
4,76
2
195,
381
1,01
0,63
01,
177,
627
9R
4
<*R
4
290,
658
79,8
5759
,876
46,3
04 161
163
2,98
2 011
3, 1
9624
,004
55,0
37
396,
486
119,
564
495,
581
331,
172
167,
889
463,
229
156,
859
58,4
78
28,5
0,7
70; 5
39
84,1
1912
,74$
33,1
7726
.606
May
3,08
2,47
1
186,
089
975,
068
1,12
1,76
126
0,90
233
3,46
896
,398
63,5
2745
,150 10
8
165
1,81
2 010
8,44
8
t303
361
384,
658
112,
697
477,
71S
307,
515
439
728
158*
409
64,6
61
35,7
8368
,457
82,8
85
8,93
633
,952
19,8
97
June
3,17
2,44
0
205,
118
976,
777
1,18
2,61
627
1,68
335
5,86
411
8,22
666
,895
60,2
63 110
192
8,52
5 011
1, 7
9924
,979
64,6
23
390,
066
114,
198
472,
613
317,
441
159,
946
441,
958
160,
694
52,4
76
41,0
5666
,058
83
,804
11,4
3183
5134
; 666
26,3
18
July
3,36
2,34
1
217,
322
1,00
5,20
01,
186,
253
295,
051
368,
536
169,
700
80,6
1761
,421 24
1
183
4,58
9 7011
6,86
023
,200
72,3
74
405,
692
117,
682
481,
836
320,
368
167,
680
4604
0017
4,55
663
,296
t34
6 flsi
92,4
7111
,402
36 5
6329
,404
Aug
ust
3,45
0,47
2
243,
639
1,05
5,71
01,
249,
223
294,
256
364,
647
98,5
9884
,276
66,5
393,
684
188
4,79
2 6812
5,62
984
,779
78,1
83
441,
834
126,
644
488,
232
329,
454
178,
902
484,
624
188,
655
67,6
88
41,7
8570
,156
90
,558
fcois
36; 7
063&
6Si
Sept
embe
r
3,48
2,63
4
258,
686
1,03
5,30
61,
252,
707
279,
377
370,
454
123,
401
99,5
9857
,269
5,73
6
180
5,83
2 4612
9,67
642
,414
80,4
89
430,
908
122,
789
483,
217
331,
896
176,
654
495,
526
188,
419
60,2
13
29,3
16li
, 408
89
,286
13,2
77
36 O
flS2&
m
Oct
ober
3,69
6,89
4
260,
463
1,09
9,66
01
917
DA
S29
3,82
138
8,91
817
7,68
995
, 910
62,7
621,
278
138
6,51
0 013
9,66
236
,223
78,9
21
437,
146
131,
066
511,
466
355,
526
184,
409
521,
727
192,
644
62,6
97
27,8*1
77,3
23
93,1
9616
,981
37^8
131
,941
Nov
embe
r
3, 5
90, «
88
227,
994
1,09
5,60
21,
378,
246
310,
901
392,
704
116,
946
100,
630
$7,1
36T
flA
l
119
3,98
7 013
8,88
839
,696
66,4
54
454,
294
129,
SOS
611,
960
344,
054
189,
101
515,
369
167,
234
62,4
88
37,5
4581
,041
88
,652
18*6
6410
,627
38,1
743&
4&
Dec
embe
r
3,84
0,34
1
266,
674
1,19
5,39
31,
392,
262
343,
756
379,
607
92,9
0210
9,64
068
,630
1,07
7
129
4,29
8
162,
767
29,7
0479
,176
608,
449
141,
846
550,
099
367,
914
201,
300
570,
139
179,
310
78,6
99
t86
6 m97
698
19* 2
241L
645
36! 2
19
Tot
al
41,3
10,8
28
2,78
6,96
012
, 753
, 672
15,0
26,4
943,
673,
346
A 17
7 07
4j
836,
249
961,
900
682,
301
18 9
38
1,91
940
,143 18
41,
546,
952
848,
469
840,
803
5,21
6,67
41,
606,
783
6,03
0,81
5
4,07
2,84
52,
145,
645
5,88
8,77
62,
108,
479
809,
749
524,
628
894,
026
1, 07
4087
1657
9011
2,65
843
0,87
236
8,88
4
w a o g e
d c as I
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Del
awar
e
Mar
ylan
d. .-
___
D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a..
Vir
gin
ia..
W
est V
irgi
nia.
. N
orth
Car
olin
a ___
So
uth
Car
olin
a ___
G
eorg
ia.. .
Eas
t gp
utn
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky,
, T
ennes
see,
.
Wes
t 0ou
th C
entr
al;
Ark
ansa
s L
ouis
iana
.,.
....
. ..
Mou
ntai
n:
Mon
tana
....
Wyo
min
g..
Col
orad
o _
New
Mex
ico
Ut«
h,.
. ..
.Pa
cific
:W
ashi
ngto
n O
rego
n-,.-
-
8,80
741
,619
6&70
6 13
7,36
8 60
,077
24
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12
,083
2,
186
48,66ft
30,3
12
9,66
8 22
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19
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19
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3,63
210
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40,7
431,
789 «0
185
8,20
732
,771
23.8
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; W2
120,
145
28,8
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4,98
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00
W.4
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20,3
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16,5
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ll
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7
$,56
7
8,96
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",759
666
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29,044
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4.757
44,8
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8,18
918
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16,0
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,146
3,42
06
,f3
038
,872 6
146
9,02
636
,090
24,8
60
124,^26
61.388
27,768
43,4
28
28,842
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QO
8,797
18,6
9418
,407
17,7
29
3,418
2,28
8 e10
8
9,651
41,145
118,
724
60,160
81 7
845,
754
2! 097
43,6
1632,949
11,0
0818
,466
19,1
87
3,160
6,730
31,936
1,761
116
10,6
77
48,641
25,170
6i,7
71m 4
1266
,113
82,787
7,88
78,178
43,6
8844
,080
61,0
291$,
m12
,484
19,1
5620,966
3,397
6,94
6 31,9JL6
2,20$
0,95
4
11,470
44,7
70
26.034
0i; 376
180,685
68 1
60
EC, 0
71
49,462
24,1
4613
,895
11,1
06
41,602
26,800
«i«M
m u«
67,1
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35,8
20
21,3
88
45,4
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1,18
6
6,72
3 35
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27
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7
,298
14
9,61
6 74
,651
32
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48,8
81
8,54
644
,189
113,
883
468,
640
309,
678
664,
837
87,72?
§ §F
UE
L O
IL (
BA
RR
EL
S)
Uni
ted
Sta
tes.
.. ..
....
..
Mid
dle if
laa&
c.
..
. ...
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al _
__ .
Paci
fic...
_
. . _
.. _
New
Eng
land
:
Oon
noot
fcnt
... .
1,02
7,32
3
60,2
0233
, 118
6,92
110
0,75
319
0, 1
618,
146
204,
613
24,3
4339
9,06
5
3,64
415
91,
674
43,7
2310
,989 13
728,
984
63,0
0130
328
5,16
883
,503
185,
818
6,91
1^6
7,26
120
,689
166,
325
2,17
2 642,
336
47,3
1911
,087 23
714,
942
76, 1
7132
.418
3,05
080
, 762
188,
485
6,08
115
4,27
319
, 792
153,
010
2,16
1 293,
607
56,2
2414
,085 66
639,
047
57,3
2228
.606
3,18
466
,680
198,
346
6,35
013
7,97
316
, 717
124,
869
1,91
9 662,
580
43,0
249,
664 69
606,
838
66,2
9923
.920
Si 6
5157
,248
186,
466
4,17
315
4,60
71
0
ftfM
.
102,
081
1,78
710
62,
430
42,7
648,
260
962
624,
677
19,8
9726
. 371
3,60
569
,049
186,
812
3,74
416
6,77
821
,336
98,0
86
*«fl 36
2,16
647
; 700
7,86
9 69
704,
450
68,0
4630
330
-4 2
8878
,783
181,
101
4,08
315
6,01
991
A
A4
169,
336
7,57
010
93,
889
41,4
7614
,963 80
761,
491
OK
77
O
3043
68,
641
81,4
7918
9,38
74,
844
158,
356
22,8
4217
8,92
7
26,8
30 235
5,16
450
,661
14,9
66 23
915,
667
110,
761
29,1
873,
241
79,5
8619
1,96
25,
883
187,
768
24,2
3633
3,10
4
37,6
10 388
5,63
750
,802
16,2
73 61
913,
764
97,7
3630
, 161
3,28
676
,183
10
0
17
7
5,80
313
4,48
223
,931
350,
066
24,4
38 115
3,12
054
,279
15, 7
16 57
969,
067
84.
Iflf
l
27,2
743,
263
97,9
08*>
mt 7
74.
3,93
011
4,71
7o/
i 01
039
7,83
2
3,37
1 682,
614
48,5
5629
,824 67
802,
978
90,1
0029
.799
3,66
610
2,26
320
4,93
53,
766
|AK
A
gO
24,8
7523
8,12
0
3,94
8 991,
935
66,7
5528
,279 84
9,39
9,22
2
920,
708
35L
899
47,6
5497
4, 1
972,
299,
413
62,7
031,
776,
986
9R1
BA
R
2,70
0,82
1
116,
517
1,47
437
,052
682,
173
181,
975
1.51
2
TABL
E 4
3.
Mon
thly
con
sum
ptio
n of
fuel
s in
gen
erat
ing
elec
tric
pow
er b
y pu
blic
-util
ity p
ower
pla
nts
in t
he U
nite
d St
ates
, 19
19-1
926
Con
,
[No
cons
umpt
ion
in S
tate
s om
itted
]
FU
EL
OIL
(B
AR
RE
LS
) C
onti
nued
1926
Con
tinue
d
Oi 3
Div
isio
n an
d St
ate
Mid
dle
Atla
ntic
:
New
Jer
sey.
_
__
_ .
Eas
t N
orth
Cen
tral
: O
hio.
..... ..............
..In
dian
a ..
. _
___ .
Wes
t Nor
th C
entr
al
' M
isso
uri
....
....
....
...
Nor
th D
akot
a _ ..
.. ..
...
Kan
sas
Sout
h A
tlant
ic:
Vir
gin
ia
.
C*
W
est V
irgi
nia
Eas
t So
uth
Cen
tral
: K
entu
cky _
__
__
__
.
Mis
siss
ippi
Wes
t Sou
th C
entr
al:
Ark
ansa
s.. _
__ . _
_ ..
Okl
ahom
a ...
Texa
s . . .
........
.
Janu
ary
31,6
26
806
688
627
857
1,11
0 2,
611
1,
716
716
2,87
7 22
,711
27
8 3,
914
9,68
8 60
,669 19
7 49
6 40 0
691
24,0
02
164,
836
260
532
641
6,81
3
11,8
18
17.5
94
16,2
43
158,
958
Febr
uary
28,9
57
777
594
525
790
1,32
0 1,
522
1,00
1
645
2,40
1 19
; 515
20
0 3,
541
7,76
3 49
,438 20
3 47
9 40 0
533
22,1
06
162,
457
250
502
1,00
2 5,
157
9,74
2 17
,588
13
,728
12
6.19
3
Mar
ch
31,0
12
835
571
513
855 22
1,
034
1,52
6
550
2,28
5 18
,931
21
5 3,
382
6,16
6 49
,233 20
3 55
4 40
119
530
23,1
75
163,
864
255
503 0
5,32
3
8,30
3 21
,395
12
,480
11
2.09
5
Apr
il
27,2
59
766
581
476
772
435
760
741
506
2,41
7 14
,407
16
8 3,
608
4,18
3 41
, 391 201
580 40
120
485
21, 1
47
175,
773
255
519 0
4,57
6
6,67
6 14
,658
12
,113
10
4.52
6
May
22,6
07
795
518
481
803
930
763
574
543
2,61
5 9,
102
206
3,54
8 4,
764
36,4
70 197
461 40
12
0 57
2 21
,844
16
2,22
1
255
471 0
3,44
7
7,52
0 14
,046
12
,069
12
0. 8
72
June
25,0
79
773
| 51
9
451
824
900
771
659
503
2.85
4 7,
712
202
3,65
5 4,
833
49,2
90 42
350 40
120
670
22,8
79
162,
711
255
505 0
2,98
4
13, 2
17
16,0
86
12,7
90
113.
685
July
28,7
70
775
785
475
870
1,13
8 1,
032
773
414
2,73
7 10
,605
20
6 3,
644
6,87
2 54
,305 42
63
7 40
120
574
24,1
08
155,
680
255
442 0
3,38
6
10,6
63
17,0
46
14,1
68
115.
042
Aug
ust
28,8
43
1,00
7 58
6
494
915
221
1,16
1 75
0
556
3,12
3 8,
148
244
3,44
1 9,
247
56,7
20 42
578 40
213
695
24,4
64
163,
355
255
572
757
3,26
0
11,0
41
18,3
34
14,8
80
109.
001
Sept
embe
r
27,6
29
845
663
505
813
223
1,19
2 50
8
561
3,15
7 8,
371
242
3,58
8 6,
553
57, 1
14 44
300 40
210
862
27,3
61
163,
145
275
565
1,90
1 3,
142
10,4
16
19,4
01
15, 6
36
92.3
05
Oct
ober
28,5
96
839
726
540
991
272
946
637
477
2,81
9 9,
143
265
3,14
0 5,
530
54,8
09 50
381 40
21
0 78
6 27
,454
16
3, 2
56 264
806
1,81
9 2,
914
8,59
7 20
,788
14
,969
90
.078
Nov
embe
r
25,7
65
807
702
539
839
363
949
573
606
3,13
8 9,
254
245
3,55
4 7,
133
73,9
78 50
652 40
176
691
25,1
71
177,
994
234
834
311
2,55
1
9,07
7 14
,455
14
,880
76
.355
Dec
embe
r
28,2
10
827
762
580
813
430
1,00
3 84
0
615
3,42
6 11
,863
20
7 4,
019
5,71
3 76
,420 55
79
4 40
159
604
23,2
87
179,
996
241
854
203
2,45
7
7,94
3 12
,993
13
,838
70
.685
Sd
Tot
al
133
4,35
3 o
9,85
1 M
7,
695
H
6,20
0 .
10^1
42
>
7,36
4 %
13
, 744
O
10
, 198
., " d
6, 6
92
g
33,8
49
O
149,
762
2
2,67
8 Q
43
,034
0
78, 4
45
2
659,
737
o
1,32
6 ^
6,26
2 M
48
0 ZJ
1,
567
7,69
3 C
j 28
6,99
8 2
1,99
5,18
7 M
3,05
4 g
7, 1
05
U
6.53
4 46
,010
°!
115,
013
£5
204,
384
3
167,
794
g
1. 2
89. 7
95
CONSUMPTION OF FUELS 197
of .ufuf cfcfefI * iH 00
09s
09
of co-
oo1
09" Cfcf 06"
ioo>i-i coi-ico o"«r r4- o
i iH O C» iH
rfgff
3t~C4a>a>CiiǤoc*<
3 "* if If 11 e0;rJ1
S° B S § 82SCO O CO i-i OTCqc
?3" JS? ^ * ^ ^?5SrH Co rH CO rH C
O> N CO Q IH «O O
co-
i-To" ^p* ^ cs1 S^"^^"^*
CQCOCOtQOt^iOt** WrH 00>O CO
C4* *S
CO ^ OO u5o»i-i co co-M t.- _r
?r-r off c? co" f-Toa* ^1-?1O t^ *£
OOCO P» OT " !-!!-!^<35 t-
I^t^§2 M^<d rH I- S rH
sfsof
22>ooo
>o *« «"3 rH
cf
-To"
JH eg t» uaoo'oo SS2
2T i-f 06" cTcg'cfrf' 0006"
s5< rHO CO * 55c5«?5 00 CO t-
108 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABUS 44, Annual production, of dectriediy by pvhUe^utUity power plants in theUnited States, 1919-19B6
Year
1919 «-.... .1920 1921... .....1922 1923 ....1924........1925 _1926 __
- Total
Kilowatt-hours
38,921,000,00043,555,000,00040, »?s, flea, ooo47, 634, WO, 00055,665,089,00059,014,000,00065, 870, 000, 00078, 7917 006, 000
Change from
previousyear
(percent)
+11.8-S.9
+16.3+16,8+6.0
+11.6+12.0
Water power
Kilowatt-hours
14,606,000,00016 160 006 00014,976,000,00017,207,000,00019,343,000,00019,969,000,00822,356,000,00026, 189, 609, 600
Per
oftotal
37.537.1
36.134. fe33.833.935.5
Change from
previousyear
(percent)
+10.6-7.3
+14.9+12,4+3.2
+11.9+17.1
jcU6i JMJW6F
Kilowatt-hours
24,315,000,00027,405,000,00026,005,000,90930,447,000,06036,322,000,90039,044,000,00043,514,000,00047,602,000,000
P«r
f*ftola!
62.562.963.563.«65.266.266.164.5
Change from
previousyear
(per sent)
-1-19 7-S.1
+17.1, +19.3
+7.5+11.4+9.4
Baaed on reports tor February, March, April, July, September, and October, 1919, and January, 1920.
TABLE 45. Annual consumption of fuel in the production of electricity by public- power plants in the United States, 1919-1926
Year
1Q1Q a1920 .._... .1921 1922 _ .-.. . 1923... .... __ . _ , ..,. 1924 1925 1926 _ - __ - _ ... ....
Coal
Short tons
35,100,000 37, 124, 000 31,585,000 34,179,000 38,966,000 37,556,000 40, 222, 000 41,311,000
Change from
previous year
(per cent)
""+5.Y
-14.9+8.2
+14.0 -3.6+7.1 +2.7
Fuel oil
Barrels
11,050,000 13,123,000 12,045,000 13, 197, 000 14,684,000 16,630,000 10,246,000 9,399,000
Change from
previous year
(per cent)
""+18.T
-8.2 +9.6
+11.3 +13.3 -38,4-as
Gas
M cubic feet
21,406,000 24,702,000 23, 722, 000 27,172,000 31, 483, 000 48,443,000 46,521,000 53,207,000
Change from
previous year
(per cent)
' +15.1 -4.0
+14.5 +15.9 +53.9 -4.0
+14.4
Based oa reports for February, March, April, July, September, and October, 1919, and January, 1920.
TABLE 46. Average consumption of coal per kilowatt-hour by public-utility power plants in the United States, 1919-1926
Year
1919 1920 1921 1922 . __ ..1923 1924 1925 ____ ... __ 1926 _ ........ ..... .
Output by the use of fuel (coal, oil, and gas)
Kilowatt-hours
24, 175, 000, 000 27, 248, 000, 000 25,863,000,000 30,234,000,000 36,088,000,000 38, 808, 000, 000 43,264,000,000 47, 274, 000, 000
Change from
previous year
(percent)
+12.7 -5.1
+J6.9 +19.4 +7.5
+11.5 +9.3
Consumption of coal and coal equivalent of other fuels
Total
Net tons
38, 880, 000* 41, 420, 000 35, 240, 000 38,000,000 43,522,000 43, 130, 000 44,780,000 45,856,000
Change from
previous year
(percent)
+6.5-14.9+7.8
+14.5 9
+3! 8 +2.4
Per kilowatt-hour
Pounds
3.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.95
Per cent of rate in 1919
100 94 84 78 75 69 66 61
<CLton of coal=4.3 barrels of oil=23,000 cubic feet of gas in 1926 (approximately).
PUBLIC UTILITY POWER COMPANIES 199
47. Pvfote&utiKtp power campames in. the United States and capacity of January 1, 1980-1987
division and State
United States ... ___ .... .
Middle Atlantic..... ____ . _ _East North Central- ___ ...... ....West North Central.... __ . _ . ....South Atlantic _________ . __East South Central. .. __ .. .West South Central. __ ...... .Mountain ______________Pacific. ............. _ ..........
New England:
Khode Island. _ . ...........Connecticut __ . _______
Middle Atlantic: New York.. ....... .......... ^
East North Central: Ohio.... ... ___ ...... _ladiana ___ . _________Illinois . . __ _
Wisconsin. __________West North Central:
Missouri- ____ . ___ . ......North Dakota ___ ..... .....South Dakota ____ . ____ ..Nebraska.. ___________
South Atlantic:
Virginia _________ . ........West Virginia. . _ ...........
Georgia.. .......................Florida... _ . _____ . ____ .
East South Central: Kentucky _____________Tennessee .... .. ........
Mississippi ......................West South Central:
Oklahoma ___________ .Texas ___ .... ................
Mountain: Montana .....................Idaho _ __ ..-.-... ........Wyoming .......................Colorado _________ . ......
Utah................ __ .......
Pacific: Washington... .... .....Oregon ___________ . .....
Operat ing core* patdes
2,955
211410681568333172267182122
35293474
7: 32
20244
173
168116130140127
9611498353776
112
6} 26
4942*A
407541
44503345
4300
72"MQ
23262430202299
6
373748
1920
Plants
4,283
390610965739436222333308280
754976
1251055
30463
243
220133215215182
1311621294445
103125
835674879
5894K±
626546AQ
vi00
Q<>
152
VI48296691o-i
5119
7364
143
Capacity ofgenerators (kilowatts)
13,093,972
1, 416, 020q AOA Bf|7
2,886,7611,097,5551,317,004
553,647363,580708,796
1, 265, 802
96,90547,35586,371
742,644155, 575287, 170
2,025,213348, 270
1,111,324
860,990319, 174805,545551,985349,067
26S.941274,698283,10620,42221, 88575, 891
' 152, 312
20,617230,094177,080250,4801 71 1 4Q194, 762214. 35458,468
103,404226, 117ton 849
33,284
39, 55561, 37865, 877
IQfi 77A
241, 514114, 60520,954
129,78013,215
100,84877 9°.7
10,643
275, 049
871,648
Operat ing com panies
2,685
205378580517310156253180106
36253371
733
18445
149
139107111118105
839790293675
107
6Jtt
564048356536
41463039
383476
105
34252033172323
5
323440
1921
Plants
3,981
367866875665395198330276268
794869in1950
2876*
216
192148192189154
1171391133642
100118
6Ov
62*668488450
59674340
503893.
139
4444215819295011
7162
135
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
14,399,052
1,577,4813,812,1348,175,7081, 193,9701,614,177
514,166414,822709,481
1,387,113
111, 61769,48367,554
859,947171,655207,225
2,209,632372,357
1,230,145
1,005,842358,976909,725550,522350,643
306, 697318,290267,932
19,22023,72186,355
17!, 755
32, 355
197,590338, 796204,115262,768231,98068,520
109, 574184,750186,80933,033
43,14483,12786,806
201,745
218,886137,48422,847
143,05311, 39291,31874, 45710,044
328, 391124,605034 117
200 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 47. Public-utility power companies in the United States and capacity of generators, January 1, 1920-1927 Continued
Division and State
United States.. ___ .. ......
Middle Atlantic.. __________East North Central .................
East South Central .................
Pacific ________________
New England:
Massachusetts ..................
Middle Atlantic:
East North Central: Ohio ....... ..................
West North Central:
North Dakota ...................
South Atlantic:
East South Central:
West South Central:
Oklahoma __ .. __ ..... ...
Mountain:
Utah............................
Pacific:
Operat ing com panies
2,620
207360550519298153257166110
392932697
31
18642
132
122102105112109
819891293976
105
6\ n) ffl
434049346538
40462938
393478
106
25222034182120
6
383438
1922
Plants
3,792
350542839642383193311264268
724868
1049
49
27461
207
' 181145189170154
111137105354398
113
6£o
594264508351
60544138
493691
135
4142205819274611
6961
138
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
15,482,526
1,675,7404,434,6833, 323, 6351, 249, 8371, 584, 798
527,002437,303712, 765
1, 536, 763
126,01470,20366, 959
901,708194,630316, 226
2, 667, 393373.062
1, 394, 228
1, 092, 337365, 670961,592545,785358,251
308,494329,889308,511
18,56324,02787,809
172,544
32,355273,578198. 736365,396146, 659261, 190238, 14368,741
112, 693184,736196,75432,819
46,99983,37286, 912
220,020
214, 796148, 01523,849
143, 90511, 93286,34873,87610,044
330,742140,705
1,065,316
Operat ing com panies
2,628
207353550517306152265167111
37303171
632
17641
136
123100106117104
799487283776
116
620453952346743
41433038
403877
110
25211933202122
6
353442
1923
Plants
3,817
352526826656398193321264281
724971
1038
49
26960
197
168145
* 183173157
1121361043642
102124
625624669488557
59534438
493897
137
4141195720284810
7364
144
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
15, 970, 787
1,697,199-4, 352, 030-3, 453, 4221, 305, 6451, 658, 916
596,806.516, 539695, 655
1, 694, 575-
122,18*71.06&72,090
901, 459-193,830336, 571
2, 551, 772370, 662
1, 429, 596.
1, 026. 812394,939
1, 008, 12&598,328425, 217
307,079332,328350,133
19, 34928,83189,275
178, 650
32,355of ir 0*71
204,248383,409150, 651258,080235, 64179, 161
121, 911182, 971259,25732,667
53,595102,990103,007256,947
214,796157, 40523,620
151,39513,98444,21480,3169,925
361,649150,020
1,182,906
PUBLIC-UTILITY POWER COMPANIES 201
TABLE 47. Public-utility power companies in the United States and capacity of generators, January 1, 1920-1927 Continued
Division and State
United States __ . . ...
Middle Atlantic..... ................
West North Central ________ .South Atlantic __________ ...
West South Central ________Mountain _______ ... _ . _ ...
New England: Maine. _______ . _____ -New Hampshire _ . _ . __ ...
Massachusetts ..................Rhode Island _ ..... __ .. i
Middle Atlantic: New York......................
East North Central: Ohio........ ...... ........
Illinois ______________
West North Central:
KansasSouth Atlantic:
Delaware. ......................
District of Columbia ............Virginia ____ - __ . .......West Virginia...................
Florida ..........................East South Central:
Kentucky... ___ . ____ ...
Alabama.. .....................
West South Central: Arkansas .......................
Oklahoma . .Texas
Mountain:
IdahoWyoming..... ___ . .........Colorado.. .....................
Arizona ........................Utah... ........................Nevada __ . ..................
Pacific:
Oregon _________ .......California _ _ ... .........
Operat- ng com panies
2,562
211334500627304148256173109
403132706
32
17036
129
1168792
10997
818888QA
4688
106
622443848376643
39432739
383773
108
26222135202123
6
363440
1924
Plants
3,888
360620821696413196328278276
776073
1038
49
26968
193
161142177184157
1221331123862
119120
629644671528857
69524639
483998
143
4244236020285110
6963
144
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
17, 369, 127
1,813,3604,678,4213,747,6861,390,2821,893,707
721, 501536,779714, 120
1,873,271
137,20771,03575,283
980,339203,830346,666
2,649,069390,352
1,639,000
1,082,101446,641
1, 170, 182604,058444,704
332,591339,323369,830
18,96033,21195,874
200,493
32,356O£O)$Afi
215,861456,669211,012269,467281,46283,459
179,966190,042318,65632,837
56,163103,425119, 148258,043
220,891157,73531,138
155,37012,31246,23481,5159,925
362,293166,218
1,344,760
Operat ing com panies
2,426
19830147749729713824717298
36273071
629
15429
118
1097982
104103
738877284284
105
6^1
463944376342
33442636
373667
107
26222732201921
6
283139
1925
Plants
3,882
360497818701416199341281279
724875
1018
46
26363
181
155138174182169
1261361113752
117124
5
664576638659
59564639
483997
157
4244305920274S10
7060
14S
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
19,619,000
1,949,7775,150,3674,402,0701,489,3482,119,768
838,086689,937763,616
2,116,042
132,98270,602
104,8331,028,639
203,330409,391
3,066,576386,417
1,698,374
1,243,775503,395
1,417,722737,314499,864
436,791311,486373,60224,11833,400
103,396207,555
32,145QftO 040
250,927455,354303,289344,429285,34285,030
203,226256,970344,059
33,831
62,194124,872177, 188325,683
221,144171,07534,221
182,48011,96251,97180,7809,982
447,695200,378
1,467,969
202 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
TABLE 47. PvbUG~utility power companies in the United States and capacity of generators, January I, 1&2Q-~19%7~ Continued
Division and State
United States _ _____
Middle Atlantic-----,- ...........
West North Central _______ ...South Atlantic, ____ ., ...........
West South Central... ___ . ......Mountain _______ .. ______Pacific,.. .
New England:Maine ...New TTfti^pphire . , .V«rmont ______ .. ...........
Rhode Island ___ . ............Connecticut ___ . ____ ...
Middle Atlantic: N*w York.-. ......... ......
East North Central: Ohio ___ .
Illinois... _ ... ___ . ......Michigan. _ .
West North Central:
Missouri ,... ........ ....
South Atlantic:
West Virginia ___ ... .......
East South Central:
West South Central:
Mountain:
Idaho..... ...................
Utah...... ...................
Pacific:
Operat- ing com panies
2,249=====
190269442452284126227165
04.
3128on
686
27
13125
10269789499
67817225oo
72103
6I 99f £&
413441326444
31392432
35356196
23212634181918
6
263137
1926
Plants
3,808
342468776707414200342277282
71477299
944
2494fi
171
147121164174170
1201451073749
122127
627654371558859
52535045
533787
165
4242316019274610
6962
151
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
23,618,762
2,124,3536,238,7685,379,6751,816,7982,763,3801,116,674
812,474830,715
2,536,025
161, 139101,437111,415
1,080,522224,325445,515
3,406,251647,666
2,184,851
1,512,001660,665
1,674,889955,655576,565
468,039391, 457450, 520
28,19642,499
165,309270, 778
29,345402,435285,609495, 391457,969606,176340,097146,358
244,848296,280528, 57446,872
77, 478127,410184,181423,405
243,017176, 76534,388
199, 19912,17454,292.
100,52810,352
524,828213,475
1,797,722
Operat ing com panies
2,058
18525641442225311017615191
31283163
527
12922
105
9370748790
647172222271
100
622372937306636
28362224
25325564
17212432171717
6
232989
1927
Plants
3,806
33S468786ree412196339277281
7148738*
844
25749
ies142124170176174
1201511033749
123124
6
654370518763
50554843
573783
160
3643326219274810
6961
151
Capacity of generators (kilowatts)
25,398,385
2,358,6896,648,1428,925,1491,886,1862,835,9741,221,372
910,066877,911
2,787,666
180,362111,837126,800
1,186,736258,800498,405
3,638,322058,976
*, 948, 844
1,742,941674, 719
1,808,5381,087,584
636,367
491,653430,461481,68731,39842,944
166,426272,617
29,730468,435296,391552,426632,122437,737361, 111228,122
249,648309,058614,38148,285
78,950181,349
: 207, 149492,608
242,587188,06836,338
226,47412,01760,682
100,39310,352
556,264233,135
1,948,157
ILLUSTKATIONS
PLATE 3. Water-power development in the United States, 1910-1926.... 206 4. Growth of water-power development in the United States. _ 206
TABLE
Pag*48. Growth of water-power development in the United States, 1869-1926. 206
204
GROWTH OF WATER-POWER DEVELOPMENT IN THEUNITED STATES
By R. W. DAVENPORT
Plate 3 shows the amount of water-power development by years from 1910 to 1926 for the United States and its principal geographic divisions. This information was obtained in part from the records of the Geological Survey of water-power plants in the United States having a capacity of 100 horsepower or more. The increased capacity of each of these plants during the period covered, whether from new installation or redevelopment of a power site, was determined for each year. The dates of beginning operation determined the years to which the increased installations were allocated. This information was obtained from numerous sources, consisting princi pally of articles in engineering periodicals and published and un published reports of various kinds available in files of Government offices. Development was not determined by this method prior to 1910, because for the earlier years it was somewhat difficult to obtain authentic information regarding a plant, and consequently it was thought that the value of data for those years would not be sufficient to justify the labor involved in obtaining them. When efforts to determine the exact year of beginning operation were not successful, the capacity of the plant was distributed over the years between the latest date when available information showed that it was not in operation and the earliest date when it was known to have been in operation. However, the proportion of the total capacity so esti mated was practically insignificant.
Plate 3 also shows for the United States for each year, beginning with 1910, the increase in installation in water-power plants requir ing authorization by the Federal Government in some manner. This covers developments authorized by congressional legislation, both special and general, including the Federal water-power act.
Table 48 shows the installed capacity of water wheels in water- power plants ia the United States at the end of each year from 1909 to 1926 and for certain earlier years. The data for 1909-1926 were obtained by progressively subtracting the results for the indivdual years shown ia Plate 3 from the records of the Geological Survey for
205
206 POWER CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES
the late years. The results shown in the table for 1869, 1879, and 1889 were determined by adding to the water-power development for those years, as given in the census of manufactures, a capacity relatively very small, estimated as utilized in mining, public utilities, and uses other than those comprehended by manufactures. The data for 1902 and 1907 were determined from the results of the Bureau of the Census for the electrical industries for those years, by adding thereto estimates of the developed power in mines and quarries and in manufactures as found by interpolating between the years for which the Bureau of the Census reported these data. The results differ from results of certain years as given elsewhere in this publi cation, but these differences are small aad are such as usually occur in consequence of determination by different persons using different methods.
TABLE 48, Growth of wetter-power development in the United States, 1869-1988' as shown, by capacity of water wfteefe installed at end of y&ar
Horsepower1916.__________ 6,470,0001917_____________ 6,800,0001918_____________ 7,110,0001919-____________ 7,590,0001920-.. _-_ _ 7,800,0001921____------_-_--.- 8,050,0001922._________ . 8,270,0001923._____________ 9,090,0001924._____________ 10,040,0001925_ -_..._... 11,180, 000
.---- ----- 11, 720, 000
Horsepower 1869 1,150,0001879_____ -_.____ 1,250,0001889- ..... ...... 1,300,0001902__________.__ 2,050,0001907__._______-__-. 3, 250, 0001909------___._-.-. 3, 870, 0001910 - 4,220,0001911_.__________ 4, §30,0001912.. -______. 4,770,0001913_.__________ 5,480,0001914_......___-_. 5, 790, 0001915 _____________ 6, 140, 000
Plate 4, in the graph designated "Total development," presents the data given in Table 48. This diagram also shows, beginning at the end of 1909, the capacity of water-power plants requiring Federal authorization.
Notable activity in water-power development commenced in the nineties, when electric transmission of power became feasible and the hydroelectric plant became a factor in the generation of power, and up to 1910 the rate of growth gradually increased. The annual growth from 1910 to 1923 was reasonably uniform except possibly in the years 1913 and 1919. The somewhat abnormally large develop ment in 1913 is explained in part by the fact that it includes large installations on Mississippi River at Keokuk, Iowa, and on Big Creek, Calif. Similarly, the result for 1919 is explained in part by a large additional installation at Niagara Falls. The great iaereaaa in development beginning with 1923 may be accounted for by several factors, the more influential of which are the increasing demand
TT. 8. GEOLOGICAL 817BVBT PAPBB 570 FIATB 3
1,200,000
1,100,000
1,000,000
900,000
800.000
700,000
600,000
500000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
DEVELOPMENT REQUIRING AUTHORIZATION BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926- 1927 1928 1929 1930
NEW ENGLANDMAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, VERMONT, MASSACHUSETTS,
RHODE ISLAND, CONNECTICUT
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 ,'1926 1927 1928 1929 1930
MIDDLE ATLANTICNEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA
200,000
100,000
100,000
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 192^-^26 1927 1928 1929
EAST NORTH CENTRAL OHIO, INDIANA, ILLINOIS, MICHIGAN, WISCONSIN
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1926,>i926 1927 1928 1929 1930
WEST NORTH CENTRAL,MINNESOTA. IOWA, MISSOURI, NORTH'DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA. ~ NEBRASKA. KANSAS
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 lf)n 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922' 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 ,1930
SOUTH ATLANTICDELAWARE-, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, MARYLAND, VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINIA.
NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA. FLORIDA
1 h"" i i ___I=U__
HMHM
1910 1911 1912. 1913 1»14 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 i922 '1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930
EAST SOUTH CENTRALKENTUCKY, TENNESSEE, ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI
,_, I u^ , . . . _ n
200.000
100,000
300.000
200.000
100,000
400,000
300,000 g
200,000 fe
1910 1911 19ifc.T 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 : 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930
WEST SOUTH CENTRALARKANSAS, LOUISIANA, OKLAHOMA, TEXAS
100,000 §
100,000 gw
1910 1911 I912t --1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930;
MOUNTAINMONTANA, IDAHO, UTAH, WYOMING, COLORADO, NEW MEXICO, ARIZONA, NEVADA
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930
PACIFIC
I^^H"' ;
WASHINGTON, OREGON, CALIFORNIA
~ T 1 1 1 1___
MMM
n . . .
400.000
300,000
200.000
1910 1911 1S12 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
WATER-POWER DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1910-1926
U.S. GEOLOGICAL WATEB-8VPFLT PAPBB 879 PLATB 4
1865 1870 1875 1880 1885
GROWTH OF WATER-POWER DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
GROWTH OF WATER-POWER DEVELOPMENT 207*
for power, the reaction from retarded growth during the war period, the stabilization of construction costs after the war, and, in 1920, the passage of the Federal water-power act, which afforded a more satisfactory basis for the development of projects requiring Federal authorization. On January 1, 1927, the capacity of plants in the United States, exclusive of Alaska, authorized under the Federal water-power act and in operation was 1,500,000 horsepower. Licenses issued under the Federal water-power act on January 1, 1927, covered the completion of a total installed capacity of 3,200,000 horsepower in the next 10 years. Such of these projects as fail will undoubtedly be more than offset by new projects that will be licensed hereafter. In addition to these developments under the Federal water-power act, there will continue to be new developments and increased instal lations at former plants not requiring Federal authorization. Steady growth in water-power development appears to be assured for many years.
61750 28 14
INDEX
PageAcknowledgments for aid_ _______ 11 Agriculture, horsepower of prime movers util
ized in.. 71 sources of power data for__.___ . 16-17
Aircraft of Army and Navy, horsepower ofprime movers in. .. 75
Airplane engines, power data for_.__ 22 Amusement parks, use of power in.. _ .. 22 Animals, draft, number of... . . 72 Authorization, Federal, water-power plants
requiring....... . . 205,206,207Automobiles, classification of.. . . 15-16
growth in us?of power by...___..... 31horsepower of prime movers in___._ 69,74 number registered. 74 sources of. power data for,_ _ 19-20
Building and construction, absence of powerdata for....____._______ 21-22
Buildings, public, absence of power data for. 22
Classification of power equipment__. 14-15 Coal, consumption of, per kilowatt-hour by
public-utility power plants.. 198 efficiency of, in generating electricity.. 121-122
De Baufre, W. L., cited__. . .... . 12
Electric central stations, horsepower of primemovers in, by areas....__ 65
source of power data for__.___ 17Electric installations, various, horsepower of
prime movers in, by geographic areas....._________ 67
Electric power, monthly production of, by public-utility power plants, 1919- 1926, by the use of water power and by the use of fuels____ 129-166
source of power data for. ..__ . 17Electric railroads, horsepower of prime mov
ers in, by geographic areas.. 66,72Electric stations and railroads, horsepower of
prime movers in..________ 72Electricity, development of_________ 28-30
Fuels, coal, fuel oil, and natural gas, monthly consumption of, in generating electric power by public-utility power plants, 1919-1926__ 167-197,198
Harvey, Joel, mechanical inventions by. __ 24 Horsepower, use of, as a measure of mechani
zation of industry.......... 13Horsepower equipment, bibliography of .. 43-44
sources and accuracy of data on_____ 15-24Hydraulic turbine, introduction of._____ 25-26
Index numbers of horsepower and acreage ofof improved land .. 70
of horsepower, wage earners, and produc tion by special groups. . 70
P»f«Industrial activities, distribution of power in. 31,
45-46utilization of power in each. _____ 31-33,47horsepower of prime movers in..____ 76
Industries omitted from census of horsepower. 22-23Internal-combustion engine, development of. 27,
28,33,43 Irrigation and drainage, horsepower of prime
movers utilized in. ____ _ 72 sources of power data for..... . 17
Kinsman, C. D., acknowledgment to.. . 11
Land, improved, distribution of, by geo-% graphic areas__ ____..... 78
Manufactures, horsepower of prime moversutilized in....... ......... 71,76-77
source of power data for.---.___ 16 Mercury vapor, use of, in turbines_ 27-28 Mills, simple.....-.......... ............ 24Mines and quarries, horsepower of prime
movers utilized in. . 71 source of power data for.-- - 16
Naval engines, power data for 22,75
Population of the United States, 1849-1923 53Power, growth in use of.. 30-31,46
progress in utilization of 1-3Power index, uses for __ 89Prime mover, definition of_ 18Prime movers, development of 23-30
horsepower of, by fields of activity. 1.. 49-51by geographic areas. 65-57by special groups 62
- by types of prime movers.. 48-51growth in total...... 45installed in various activities... .. 45-47
plate showing_ 84 installed in irrigation and drainage,
by geographic areas 64 per inhabitant and per wage earner.. 54 utilized In agriculture, by geographic
areas-___ 62-63utilized in manufactures, by geo
graphic areas 58-59 by types of prime movers.. 60
utilized in mines and quarries, bygeographic areas 61
Prosperity of the United States, causes of 11-12 Public-utility power companies and capacity
of generators, January 1, 1920- 1927. 199-202
Public-utility power plants, decrease in num ber reporting... . 120-121
production of electricity by 118-122,198 plate showing_ 118
Pumping engines, power data for 22
209
210 INDEX
Railroads, steam, horsepower of locomotivesOf ..._ .. . .__ _
Ships, horsepower of prime movers installed
Page
73
in.. ....___________ 68,73 of the Navy, horsepower of prime movers
in...____..................... 75. See also Vessels.
Steam, engines, development of _______ 26-27early experiments with ____. ____ 25
Steam railroads, sources of power data for_ 18
Time of operation of power equipment___ 36-37 Tryon, F. Q., acknowledgment to_____ 11
tJse factors of power equipment, estimates of. 37-39
Vehicles. See Automobiles.Vessels engaged in river and coastwise trans
portation, source of power data for ..-. . . . 18-19
See also Ships.
Pag»Wage earners, by groups of industries____ 53
in certain industrial establishments___ 75production in proportion to._______ 40-42power equipment in proportion to__ 35-36,54source of statistics of . 20-21
Water power, developed, early waste in use of. 25developed, in plants of 100 h. p. or more 123-127
1910-1926, plate showing _______ 206sources of information on....____ 205proportion of potential water power. 117reports published on______ __ 115
potential, published estimates of.._-. 115-117resources of.. . . _.. 128
Water-power development, growth of ... 205-207plate showing.__.. .. 206
Water-supply plants of cities, horsepower ofprime movers in 75
Wood, use of, in producing electricity 119,167 Work animals not on farms, source of power
data for.......... ..... .. 20decrease in use of. . . .- 33
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