Power Shifts in Western Europe

I. Dominant powers in late17th - early 18th centuries

1. W. Europe (which countries?)

2. Central and E. Europe? (which countries?)

3. Russia

Note: these state became dominant powers & would remain so until World War I

II. DQ #1: What were the common characteristics of the states that

became international powers during the last part of the 17th century and the

beginning of the 18th century?

1.

2.

3.

III. W. Europe & Countries that LOST power

1. Spain lost power – Why? (DQ#2)

a)

b)

2. Netherlands lost power – why? (DQ#3 – part 1)

a)

b)

c) what saved the Netherlands from becoming completely insignificant in European matters? (DQ#3)

IV. W. Europe & Countries that GAINED power

1. France – Why?

a

b

c

d

2. STILL…England able to replace France as dominant W. Euro power by mid 18th c.

Why?

a

b

c

AND……because of what is called the………..

d) Mississippi Bubble

i. Duke of Orleans

ii. John Law

iii. French debt & gov. bonds

iv. Law takes over national debt in exchange

for?

v. People take gov. bonds to Law & trade

their bonds for?

vi. Stock values rise, and investors

exchange stock for newly printed money

vii. Law establishes a bank in Paris and…

viii: This money was to be backed by _____

ix: When people attempt to exchange printed money for gold there is not enough gold !! So…what happens to the value of printed money?

x: Government response?

Xi: What happened to Law?

3. French Nobility and Orleans

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) Chief feature of 18th c. political life in France:

fa)Parlements: How were the French parlements different from the English Parliament? (DQ#5a)

fb) How did these regional institutions regain power during the 18th century? (DQ#5b)

4. Cardinal Fleury

a)

b)

c)

d)

V. England 1. George I – 1st Hanoverian King

a) Doesn’t speak English so…

b) He has to follow

c) He has to consult

Note: At this time the king chose the Prime Minister (although the term is not used then) Still, ___________ is considered to be England’s 1st P.M.

Then = King was executive branch

Today = ____________is the executive branch

Patronage?

2. Whigs vs. Tories

Traditionally, Traditionally,

Whigs favored: Tories favored:

a) Political a) Political

b) Social b) Social

c) Religious c) Religious

3. WHY, then, was it the “Whigs” who gained the favor of

George I?

a) Tories had supported the

b) Tories also supported James Edward, son of__________________

4. Robert Walpole (1st P.M.)“Let sleeping dog’s lie”

a) Pursued peace

b) Patronage

c) Walpole, as head minister, controlled the Parliament by dispensing the king’s patronage

5. Why did the Hanoverian Kings (George I and II give their

ministers so much power?

a)

b)

6. Structure of Parliament during the 18th century

a) Neither a __________nor a __________body

b) House of Commons

c) House of Lords