Powered Industrial TruckPowered Industrial Truck29 CFR Part 1910.17829 CFR Part 1910.178

How to ComplyHow to Comply

Powered Industrial Truck Powered Industrial Truck

DefinedDefined A mobile, power-propelled truck used to A mobile, power-propelled truck used to

carry, push, pull, lift, stack, or tier carry, push, pull, lift, stack, or tier materials. materials.

ExcludedExcluded Vehicles designed for earth moving or Vehicles designed for earth moving or

over the road haulage. over the road haulage.

Reasons for StandardReasons for Standard

100 fatalities and 36,340 serious 100 fatalities and 36,340 serious injuries in general industry and injuries in general industry and construction annually.construction annually.

20 - 25% of the accidents are, at 20 - 25% of the accidents are, at least in part, caused by inadequate least in part, caused by inadequate training.training.

Fatalities by Age GroupFatalities by Age Group

3%

10%

22%

21%

12%

5%

27%

Under 20

20 - 24

25 - 34

35 - 44

45 - 54

56 - 64

65 & over

Operator TrainingOperator Training

Must consist of a Must consist of a combination of:combination of: Formal InstructionFormal Instruction Practical Practical

DemonstrationDemonstration Operator EvaluationOperator Evaluation

Who Should Conduct the Who Should Conduct the TrainingTraining

Must have Must have necessary necessary knowledge, knowledge, training and training and experience to train experience to train operators and operators and evaluate their evaluate their competencycompetency

TraineesTrainees

Must be under the direct supervision Must be under the direct supervision of persons who have the knowledge, of persons who have the knowledge, training and experience to train training and experience to train operators and evaluate their operators and evaluate their performanceperformance

Where operation does not endanger Where operation does not endanger the trainee or othersthe trainee or others

Refresher Training & Refresher Training & EvaluationEvaluation

Observed Observed operating operating unsafelyunsafely

Occurrence of Occurrence of accident or near accident or near missmiss

Evaluation Evaluation reveals unsafe reveals unsafe operationoperation

Refresher Training Needed?Refresher Training Needed?

Refresher Training & Refresher Training & Evaluation Cont…Evaluation Cont…

Operator assigned to Operator assigned to a different type of a different type of trucktruck

Workplace condition Workplace condition changes that could changes that could affect safe operationaffect safe operation

Evaluation must be Evaluation must be conducted once conducted once every three years & every three years & after refresher after refresher training training

Avoidance of Duplicative Avoidance of Duplicative TrainingTraining

If an operator has previously If an operator has previously received training in a topic, and the received training in a topic, and the training is appropriate to the truck training is appropriate to the truck and working conditions encountered, and working conditions encountered, additional training in that topic is not additional training in that topic is not required if the operator has been required if the operator has been evaluated and found competent to evaluated and found competent to operate the truck safely. operate the truck safely.

Certified OperatorCertified Operator

Each employer must Each employer must certify that each certify that each operator has been operator has been trained and evaluatedtrained and evaluated

Certification must Certification must include:include: Name of the operatorName of the operator Date of the trainingDate of the training Date of the evaluationDate of the evaluation Identity of the trainer(s)Identity of the trainer(s)

Training ContentTraining Content

HANDOUT of HANDOUT of required training required training program contentprogram content

Truck Capability and Truck Capability and LimitationsLimitations

Information platesInformation plates Type of truckType of truck Truck capacityTruck capacity Truck weightTruck weight

Truck ManualTruck Manual GaugesGauges ControlsControls SwitchesSwitches

Pre-Operational InspectionPre-Operational Inspection

LeaksLeaks TiresTires Hoses/belts/cablesHoses/belts/cables Mast/forksMast/forks Safety equipmentSafety equipment Gauges/controlsGauges/controls Horns/AlarmsHorns/Alarms BrakesBrakes

Serious DefectsSerious Defects

Defects that would Defects that would put the truck out of put the truck out of serviceservice Faulty brakesFaulty brakes Steering problemsSteering problems Fuel system Fuel system

complicationscomplications Hydraulic leaksHydraulic leaks

Pre- OperationPre- Operation

Mount and dismount facing the lift Mount and dismount facing the lift trucktruck

Adjust seat, mirrors and apply seat Adjust seat, mirrors and apply seat beltbelt

Familiarize yourself with the controls Familiarize yourself with the controls and gaugesand gauges

Survey your surroundingsSurvey your surroundings

Picking up the LoadPicking up the Load

Make sure the load is within the rated Make sure the load is within the rated load capacityload capacity

Check the load for stabilityCheck the load for stability Approach the load slowly and straight Approach the load slowly and straight

onon Ensure the forks are centered to Ensure the forks are centered to

evenly distribute the weight of the loadevenly distribute the weight of the load Make certain the load is balanced and Make certain the load is balanced and

securesecure

Picking up the Load Cont…Picking up the Load Cont…

Drive forward until the forks are into Drive forward until the forks are into the load all the way so the load is the load all the way so the load is resting against the carriageresting against the carriage

Raise the load high enough only to Raise the load high enough only to clear the traveling surface, then tilt clear the traveling surface, then tilt the mast backthe mast back

Check behind, to both sides and Check behind, to both sides and above prior to movingabove prior to moving

Traveling with a LoadTraveling with a Load

Keep the load tilted back slightlyKeep the load tilted back slightly Travel with forks low as possibleTravel with forks low as possible If load blocks view, travel in reverseIf load blocks view, travel in reverse Make smooth controlled turns and Make smooth controlled turns and

stopsstops Pedestrians have the right of wayPedestrians have the right of way Lift or lower load only when completely Lift or lower load only when completely

stoppedstopped

Placing a LoadPlacing a Load

Inspect the area for Inspect the area for load placementload placement

Stop and slowly raise Stop and slowly raise the load to desired the load to desired heightheight

Place the load Place the load squarelysquarely

Look and then back up Look and then back up slowlyslowly

Lower the forks Lower the forks

STAY IN YOUR TRUCKSTAY IN YOUR TRUCK

Stability TriangleStability Triangle

Support points for Support points for the truck are the truck are located at points A, located at points A, B, and CB, and C

Stability TriangleStability Triangle

How can the center of How can the center of gravity shift outside the gravity shift outside the triangle?triangle?-Carrying too heavy a load-Carrying too heavy a load-Moving with an elevated -Moving with an elevated loadload-Turning the lift truck while -Turning the lift truck while moving too fastmoving too fast-Operating the truck on an -Operating the truck on an inclineincline-Starting/Stopping too fast-Starting/Stopping too fast-Jerky operation of the -Jerky operation of the hydraulic systemhydraulic system

ParkingParking

Fully lower forks and neutralize Fully lower forks and neutralize controlscontrols

Shut power offShut power off Set parking brakeSet parking brake Chock wheels if parked on an inclineChock wheels if parked on an incline Do not block exitsDo not block exits

Refueling & RechargingRefueling & Recharging

Park in a designated Park in a designated area area

Wear PPEWear PPE Ensure there is Ensure there is

sufficient ventilationsufficient ventilation No SmokingNo Smoking Have a fire Have a fire

extinguisher near byextinguisher near by

Training SummaryTraining Summary

Each forklift operator must be trainedEach forklift operator must be trained Designate forklift trainer(s) and put Designate forklift trainer(s) and put

together an effective training together an effective training curriculumcurriculum

Maintain accurate training recordsMaintain accurate training records Evaluate operators performance as Evaluate operators performance as

requiredrequired

QuestionsQuestions

For more information, refer to For more information, refer to www.osha.govwww.osha.gov, or, or

Contact your local area OSHA officeContact your local area OSHA office