POWERPOINT 22POWERPOINT 22

Over There and Over Here: The

Impact of World War I,

1914 - 1921

Staying Neutral in a World ConflictStaying Neutral in a World Conflict

In mid-term elections, Republicans pick up seats but Democrats maintain control

Neutrality is hard to maintain with many Americans choosing sides

Germany’s actions turn America toward Britain Lusitania Arabic

Americans debate their nation’s role in world affairs and the country’s preparedness League to Enforce Peace

Europe Goes to War

Social Change During the Period of Social Change During the Period of NeutralityNeutrality

Birth of a Nation Guinn v. United States Great Migration

Blacks lured by defense jobs, face discrimination

Motion pictures become part of U.S. society Charlie Chaplin and Mary Pickford

Sexual attitudes undergo change Divorce rate rises Flappers Margaret Sanger

The Persistence of ReformThe Persistence of Reform

Wilson increases support for reforms as 1916 election looms Louis Brandeis

1916 brings tensions from Europe and Mexico Sussex Pledge Pancho Villa John J. Pershing

Wilson re-elected in 1916 “He Kept Us Out of War”

March of Woman Suffrage.

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Election of 1916

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The 1916 Presidential ElectionThe 1916 Presidential Election

Wilson calls on Europeans to achieve “Peace Without Victory”

America enters the war German resumes of unrestricted warfare (1917) Zimmerman Telegraph Russian Revolution 3 American ships sank in March

Congress declares war on Germany, April 6, 1917

A Nation at WarA Nation at War

U.S. hopes to send aid, but not troops Numerous casualties Selective Service Act is passed

U.S. increases army and navy American Expeditionary Force Admiral William Simms

Taxes and Liberty Bonds sales finance war Herbert Hoover and the Lever Act

Farms prices increased Prohibition becomes law amidst war

Managing a Wartime EconomyManaging a Wartime Economy Federal government forms business-government

partnership to manage war and keep Americans behind war effort War Industries Board National War Labor Board

Racial tensions increase, but African Americans supported war effort

Women fill jobs in defense industries Wilson supports laws that curtail rights

Espionage Act Trading with the Enemy Act Alien Act

Animosity toward German Americans increases

Road to VictoryRoad to Victory

Communist Revolution pulled Russia out of war Allies, reinforced by Americans, held

Chateau-Thiery and Belleau Woods In 1918, Americans went on the offensive

Wilson’s Fourteen Points Germany agreed to surrender on fourteen points

Wilson alienated Republicans during war Republicans gain control of Congress in 1918

Paris Peace Conference David Lloyd George Georges Clemenceau

American Participation on the Western Front

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Road to Victory Road to Victory (cont.’d)(cont.’d)

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin Bolsheviks

Terms of Treaty of Versailles harsh for Germans Wilson is unhappy, but gives in to obtain

League of Nations Republicans unwilling to support Treaty as

presented President tours country to gain support for treaty Suffers massive stroke

Wilson’s obstinately refuses compromise Senate does not pass Treaty of Versailles

Europe After the Peace Conference, 1920

Europe and the Near

East After the First

World War

From War to PeaceFrom War to Peace

Adjusting to peace is difficult, with labor unrest, inflation, and influenza

Progressivism declines after woman suffrage and prohibition become law 18th and 19th Amendments

Racial violence and a Red Scare contribute to unrest

Warren G. Harding wins 1920 election Normalcy

Web

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

Why did the United States announce a policy of neutrality at the start of the war? What difficulties did this cause for the U.S. before entry into the war?

What factors led the U. S. to declare war on Germany? Was our involvement avoidable?

Analyze Wilson’s Fourteen Points. How was it different than the Treaty of Versailles?

What effect did the war have on the civil rights of women and minorities in America?