Three States of matter

By Brennon BHM

8th Grade

Solid Liquid Gas

Solid

A solid’s shape and volume stay the same Solid- the state of matter that has a definite shape and

volume Particles are very close together they have a strong

attraction for each other Solid all together (slow moving) liquids little pieces moving

together gas all over moving (fast moving) Particles vibrate

Solids 2 type of solids Crystalline: Orderly, Particles in a repeating pattern of rows,

particles don’t move around Ex: iron, diamond, ice.

Amorphous: Particles have no special arrangement, Particles don’t move around.

Ex: Glass, rubber, and wax.

Liquids Liquid –the state of matter that has a definite volume but

takes the same shape of its container. Particles move fast enough to overcome the attraction

between some of the particles. Particles slide past each other. Liquids easily change shape Liquids do not easily change volume. Ex: if I had a glass of milk how can you change the shape of

the milk? How can you change the milk’s volume?

Liquids

All liquids have surface tension. Surface Tension- a force that holds together particles at the

surface of a liquid. Surface tension(ST) causes some liquids to form spherical

drops (like water) Water has a high surface tension Rubbing alcohol has a low surface tension. All liquids have viscosity. Viscosity- a liquid’s resistance to flow. The stronger the attractions between particles the higher the

viscosity.

Gas

One small tank of helium can fill almost 700 balloons. How is this possible? Air in the tank is under pressure when

in the balloon it isn’t under pressure. Gas – the state of matter that has no definite shape or

volume. Particles in a gas move quickly, so they can break away from

their attraction for other particles The amount of empty space between gas particles can

change.

Gas Particles of gas in a helium tank are close together than

particles in a helium balloon. Air is matter because it can be moved Ex: the teacher gave us balloons and we turned a table on its

back with the balloons under it and we blew it up, it lifted the table and the teacher up.

2.Boyel’s Law

Boyle’s Law- at he pressure of a gas increases the volume decreases by the same amount.

a diver blows a bubble 10m below water what will happen to the bubble’s volume as it rises? It gets bigger because it has less pressure at the top.

When you put a marshmallow in an air vacuum the marshmallow gets bigger because the pressure decreases

This is the video for the marshmallow man.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cIVMkVSIAbw

A. Energy and changes of state

Change of state- The change of a substances from one physical form to another

Physical changes (substance doesn’t change)

You must add or remove energy to change the state of a substance