powerpoint icon lecture 3 - cranial nerves
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Practical NeuroanatomyPractical NeuroanatomyLecture 3Lecture 3
Cranial Nerves and Hypothalamus Cranial Nerves and Hypothalamus
Practical NeuroanatomyPractical NeuroanatomyLecture 3Lecture 3
Cranial Nerves and Hypothalamus Cranial Nerves and Hypothalamus
Christine Hulette MDChristine Hulette MD
[email protected]@mc.duke.edu
684-3801684-3801
M214C Green Zone Duke SouthM214C Green Zone Duke South
Leibman’s Neuroanatomy Made Easy and UnderstandableLeibman’s Neuroanatomy Made Easy and Understandable
pages 48-75pages 48-75
SENSORY NERVESSENSORY NERVESSENSORY NERVESSENSORY NERVES
Cranial nerve I OlfactoryCranial nerve I Olfactory
Cranial nerve II OpticCranial nerve II Optic
Cranial nerve VIII AcoustovestibularCranial nerve VIII Acoustovestibular
MOTOR NERVESMOTOR NERVESMOTOR NERVESMOTOR NERVES
Cranial nerve IV TrochlearCranial nerve IV Trochlear
Cranial nerve VI AbducensCranial nerve VI Abducens
Cranial nerve XI AccessoryCranial nerve XI Accessory
Cranial nerve XII HypoglossalCranial nerve XII Hypoglossal
Cranial Nerve III OculomotorCranial Nerve III OculomotorCranial Nerve III OculomotorCranial Nerve III Oculomotor
Motor to four eyeball musclesMotor to four eyeball muscles
Parasympathetic to ciliary ganglionParasympathetic to ciliary ganglion
Injury to nerve causes dilated pupil and Injury to nerve causes dilated pupil and ptosisptosis
““fixed and dilated”fixed and dilated”
Cranial Nerve V TrigeminalCranial Nerve V TrigeminalCranial Nerve V TrigeminalCranial Nerve V Trigeminal
Sensory from face, cornea, mouth, nose, Sensory from face, cornea, mouth, nose, temporomandibular jointtemporomandibular joint
Motor to muscles of masticationMotor to muscles of mastication
Cranial Nerve VII FacialCranial Nerve VII FacialCranial Nerve VII FacialCranial Nerve VII Facial
Sensory from anterior 2/3 of tongueSensory from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Motor to muscles of facial expressionMotor to muscles of facial expression
Parasympathetic to salivary and lacrimal glandsParasympathetic to salivary and lacrimal glands
Injury causes facial droop, dry eyes, dry mouthInjury causes facial droop, dry eyes, dry mouth
Cranial Nerve IX GlossopharyngealCranial Nerve IX GlossopharyngealCranial Nerve IX GlossopharyngealCranial Nerve IX Glossopharyngeal
Sensory posterior 1/3 of tongue, Sensory posterior 1/3 of tongue, auditory tube, pharynxauditory tube, pharynx
Parasympathetic to parotid glandParasympathetic to parotid gland
Cranial Nerve X VagusCranial Nerve X VagusCranial Nerve X VagusCranial Nerve X Vagus
Sensory larynx and pharynxSensory larynx and pharynx
Motor to larynx and pharynxMotor to larynx and pharynx
Parasympathetic to chest and abdomenParasympathetic to chest and abdomen
AUDITORY SYSTEMAUDITORY SYSTEMAUDITORY SYSTEMAUDITORY SYSTEM Outer and Middle ear amplify soundOuter and Middle ear amplify sound Inner earInner ear
CochleaCochlea Hair cellsHair cells
Acoustovestibular nerveAcoustovestibular nerve Dorsal and Ventral Cochlear nucleiDorsal and Ventral Cochlear nuclei
Lateral lemniscusLateral lemniscus Inferior colliculusInferior colliculus Medial geniculate nucleusMedial geniculate nucleus
Superior Temporal CortexSuperior Temporal Cortex Brodmann areas 41 and 42Brodmann areas 41 and 42
VISUAL SYSTEMVISUAL SYSTEMVISUAL SYSTEMVISUAL SYSTEM
The eyeball focuses light which stimulates the retina.The eyeball focuses light which stimulates the retina. These signals are transmitted via the optic nerve, These signals are transmitted via the optic nerve,
chiasm and tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the chiasm and tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus.thalamus.
Nervous impluses then travel via the optic radiations to Nervous impluses then travel via the optic radiations to terminate in the primary visual (calcarine) cortex.terminate in the primary visual (calcarine) cortex.
OLFACTORY SYSTEMOLFACTORY SYSTEMOLFACTORY SYSTEMOLFACTORY SYSTEM
Sensory receptors in the nasal mucosa are stimulated by Sensory receptors in the nasal mucosa are stimulated by odors.odors.
These stimuli are detected by the olfactory bulb.These stimuli are detected by the olfactory bulb. Nervous impluses then travel through the olfactory Nervous impluses then travel through the olfactory
tract to terminate in the anterior perforated substance.tract to terminate in the anterior perforated substance. There intimate connections with the entorhinal cortex, There intimate connections with the entorhinal cortex,
amygdala, hippocampus and other parts of the limbic amygdala, hippocampus and other parts of the limbic system.system.
HYPOTHALAMUSHYPOTHALAMUSHYPOTHALAMUSHYPOTHALAMUS
Bounded by the mamillary bodies, optic chiasm and Bounded by the mamillary bodies, optic chiasm and hypothalamic sulcus.hypothalamic sulcus.
Regulates sleep, temperature, water metabolism, Regulates sleep, temperature, water metabolism, blood pressure, hunger, pituitary hormone secretion.blood pressure, hunger, pituitary hormone secretion.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic balanceSympathetic and parasympathetic balance
RETICULAR SYSTEMRETICULAR SYSTEMRETICULAR SYSTEMRETICULAR SYSTEM
Descending reticular system projects to autonomic Descending reticular system projects to autonomic nervous system, extrapyramidal system output to nervous system, extrapyramidal system output to
voluntary muscles via the pontine tegmentumvoluntary muscles via the pontine tegmentum
Ascending (reticular activating system) provides Ascending (reticular activating system) provides input from all sensory organs to thalamus and cortexinput from all sensory organs to thalamus and cortex
Cranial NervesCranial NervesAuditory SystemAuditory System
Visual SystemVisual SystemOlfactory and Limbic SystemOlfactory and Limbic System
Reticular SystemReticular System
Cranial NervesCranial NervesAuditory SystemAuditory System
Visual SystemVisual SystemOlfactory and Limbic SystemOlfactory and Limbic System
Reticular SystemReticular System