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TRANSCRIPT
16.07.2009 Seite 1AEI Maputo Workshop for SSA Electrification Experts, June 9 -12, 2009
Mozambique
Approach
Operation
Results
Micro Hydro Mill Retrofits
16.07.2009 Seite 2
Maize mills…
Maize mill connected to the new turbine after improvements
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 3
Fore-bay tank & penstock…
Fore-bay tank after
increasing the wall height Fore-bay tank with
brick wall of round
shape on lower side
Steel penstock of 150mm diameter that reduces to 100mm.
Old state Improved state
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 4
Canals…
Canal runs through
bush and neighbours’
fields
Canal where it enters into a
pipe to cross a road clogged
It is recommended to put a
bigger pipe or second pipe
Measuring water flow
using a propeller
current meterAt intake 120l/sec
At forebay tank – 60l/sec
Water losses – 60 l/sec due to
leakage of canal
It is recommended to place
plastic folio, or stone pitching
or brick lining on leaking
positions
16.07.2009 Seite 5
Turbines...
Turbine housing cover
Turbine cups out of
channel ironOld
New
Turbine
Old
New
New turbine
with
aluminium
Pelton cups
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 6
Turbines...
Turbine housing cover and
pulley in original state
Turbine cups out
of railway sleeper
iron, shaped by a
blacksmith
Turbine in old state
Turbine performance is improved
by cutting out gaps in the cupsTurbine housing cover and
pulley after improvements
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 7
Alternators…
Alternator 28kVA (22kW)
Type: Marelli Generators MJBAlternator is connected to the turbine
via aluminum pulley and vee belts
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 8
Power houses…
The old mill house Foundation for new power house
Builders: owner & brother
New power house
under construction
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 9
Transmission lines & household connections…
Transmission poles were harvested locally, treated against termite attack, wrapped
with pvc folio on the part that goes into the ground.
This forms part of training of local artisans.
Houses are
fitted with
cables, sockets
and switches.
Transmission polesABC Cables
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 10
Water use…
Excess water in the canal and water coming out of the turbine
is used for irrigation.
Approach...
16.07.2009 Seite 11
Operation...
Maize mill owners:
• Produce and sell power to the households via minigrid or battery charging,
• collect the connection fee and tariff (flat rate based on number of light sources),
• repay their loan for mill upgrading within two years into a community revolving fund,
• are responsible for improvement and maintenance of the turbines, water system (canals,
forebay tanks, sand filters and intakes) and power houses,
• are forming part of the community committee for the management of the fund,
• are trained in business management.
Households:
• Pay 50% of the inhouse installation (or battery) by monthly payments for up to two years,
• contribute with poles and labour for the establishment of the minigrids,
• selected young people are trained as electricians for maintaining the grid and inhouse
installations.
Others:
• AKSM is organising the community, training the mill owners and gives legal support
• Local vocational school is involved in the improvement of turbines,
• technical personal of the Regional Department of Energy and AKSM are trained in survey
and design of MHPP,
• Regional Department of Energy and EdM approve technical standard, control quality of the
minigrid and give benchmarks for the design of tariffs.
16.07.2009 Seite 12
Results...
Name of owner Power
in kWDirect connected HH
(5,5 people/HH)
Battery
Charging
People
Planned Done/
Re-planned
Lino Ndacada 22 25 24 5 / 60 462
Jimi Pondo 16 10 37 40 424
Tomas Nguarai 22 30 21 / 40 50 495
Estevao Benjamin Mucheca 16 30 0 / 27 20 259
Estimated additional HH on batteries 180 990
Total 76 95 82 / 128 5 / 350 479 / 2.630
TC Project: 102.300 € TC/Person: 39 € TC/KW PP: 154 € TC/KW: 1.346 € (incl. grid + connections)
16.07.2009 Seite 13
• There is good potential for local manufacture of runners and turbines, the
• market however is still very limited and services are rather expensive.
• Demand for more microhydro projects is generated in the region.
• Productive use of electricity is now starting (poultry)
• Number of local shops is increasing.
• Street lighting improves safety in the community.
• Church installed with lighting is being used as community meeting place.
• School and teachers are connected for evening classes.
• Project attracts good publicity (TV, local radio and politicians)
• Other actors are now copying the approach (Practical Action)
• Revolving fund out of loan repayments and connection fees for
• maintenance, grid extension and income generating activities based on
• electricity.
Results...
