powerpoint - soil conservation methods

13
SOIL CONSERVATION Form 2

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Presentation on soil conservation and methods effective to achieve this

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Page 1: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

SOIL CONSERVATION

Form 2

Page 2: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Objectives

• Define the terms – soil erosion – soil conservation

• Recognize signs of soil erosion

• Discuss methods of soil conservation

• Say why it is important to conserve soil

Page 3: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Key Terms

• Soil erosion - removal of topsoil faster than the soil forming processes can replace it, due to natural, animal, and human activity (over grazing, over cultivation, forest clearing, mechanized farming, etc.).

• Soil conservation - the prevention or reduction of soil erosion and soil depletion by protective measures against water and wind damage

Page 4: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Signs of Soil Erosion

• Muddy water• shallow furrows• gullies• dams filled with mud• uneven growth• bare ground• deep cattle tracks• standing stones• uncovered roots• dust clouds• walls splashed with mud

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Page 6: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Soil Conservation Methods

• Terracing

• Contour Ploughing

• Contour Strip Cropping

• Cover Crop

• Windbreaks

Page 7: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Terracing

• Building up walls of land (that resemble steps) to counter the effect of a mountain slope leaving uniform flat surfaces to plant on.

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Contour ploughing

• A method of ploughing parallel to the contours rather than up or down a slope

• each furrow acts as a dam preventing water flowing downhill

• plants are planted along contours

Page 9: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Contour Strip Cropping

• alternate strips of crops are planted along contours of sloping hillsides

Page 10: PowerPoint - Soil Conservation Methods

Cover Crops & Windbreaks

• Cover crops– reduces force with

which rain drops hit ground (splash effect)

• Windbreaks– belts of trees and

bushes to break the force of the wind

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Importance of Soil Conservation

• Soil erosion results in land infertility and leads to desertification and devastating flooding.

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Recap

• How many of these questions can you answer?1) The washing away of the Earth's topsoil is

known as ____________.

2) ____________ refers to protective measures for reducing soil erosion & depletion.

3) Three soil protective measures are ______, ________ & _______.

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Information Sources include:

• http://pdsblogs.org/pdsapes812/2012/03/05/soil-degradation-and-conservation-scribe-post/