powers and committees. powers of congress expressed powers – also called enumerated, delegated,...
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Powers and Committees
Powers of Congress• Expressed Powers
– Also called Enumerated, Delegated, Exclusive– Given to Congress in Article One
• Reserved Powers– Powers kept for the States by the 10th
Amendment• Concurrent Powers
– Powers that the National and State gov’t share• Implied Powers
– Necessary and Proper Clause– Based on Interpretation
Expressed PowersCommerce Power
Ability to regulate interstate and foreign tradeRegulate BankruptcyIssue Patents/CopyrightsEminent Domain
Given in the 5th Amendment
Reserved Powers10th Amendment
“the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people”
EducationDivorce/Marriage Laws
Concurrent Powers Both Federal and StateTaxMake RoadBorrow MoneyProtect the Environment
Implied PowersArticle 1 Clause 18 Section 8Necessary and Proper Clause
The Congress shall have the power “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by the Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department, or officer thereof.”
Example: National Bank
Non Legislative PowersAmending the ConstitutionElectionsImpeachmentExecutive Powers
Powers of the HouseStarts all apportionment bills
All revenue producing billsChooses President if no candidate wins a
majority of the electoral votesBegins Impeachment Process
Powers of the SenateApproves all Presidential AppointmentsApproves all treatiesActs as a jury in impeachment cases
Chief Justice serves as JudgeThe Chief Justice today is John Roberts
Limits to Power• 10th Amendment
– “the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people”
• Checks and Balances– Process by which the different branches of
government are “checked up on” by the other two branches
– Ensures no party is too dominant
Congressional LeadershipMajority Leader
Member of the majority party to be floor leaderMinority Leader
Member of the minority party to be floor leaderIn charge of party operations Are in both houses
John BoehnerSteny Hoyer
Harry Reid Mitch McConnell
Party WhipKeeps track of voting for important issuesIs in each house of CongressThere is a whip for each majority/minority
leader
Speaker of the HouseLeader of the House of RepresentativesSets up calendarSchedules bills for debateAppoints representatives to special
committeesSigns all bills Becomes President if President and Vice
President cannot do the job
Vice PresidentLeader of the SenateOnly votes when there is a tieIs rarely present
President Pro TemporeIs leader in Vice President’s absenceGiven to longest serving senator from
majority party
Committees of CongressStanding CommitteeSelect CommitteesJoint CommitteesConference CommitteesMembership is based on Seniority System
Standing CommitteesPermanent committees who study, revise,
and pass legislationExamples:
AgricultureArmed ServicesBanking, Housing, and Urban AffairsVeterans Affairs
Select CommitteesAlso called special committeesCommittees which study more temporary
problemsExamples:
AgingEthicsSmall BusinessNarcotics Abuse and Control
Joint CommitteesCommittees which involve members of both
houses of Congress meeting togetherExamples:
EconomicsLibraryPrintingTaxation
Conference CommitteesWorks out a compromise bill if the bill does
not pass the same way in both housesInvolves members from both houses