ppps with civil society to counter violent extremism and radicalization that lead to terrorism osce...
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PPPs with Civil Society to counter violent extremism and radicalization
that lead to terrorism
OSCE conference Kyiv October 2013
An approach on CVERLT
from Civil Society
GOVERNMENT
BUSINESS FAMILY
C S
mobilisation, articulation and pursuits of interests
expression to social, religious and cultural needs
Counter balance control and regulation from Government side
demand and facilitate Governments to fulfill their duties if absent
facilitate Business sector to invest where necessary +Enabling business conditions
limit the inherent tendencyof Business sector
to expand their control
Institutional means for mediation betweenconflicting interest
private
public
informalformal
not for profit
for profit
Checks&Balances
GOVERNMENT
BUSINESS FAMILY
C S
mobilisation, articulation and pursuits of interests
expression to social, religious and cultural needs
Counter balance control and regulation from Government side
demand and facilitate Governments to fulfill their duties if absent
facilitate Business sector to invest where necessary +Enabling business conditions
limit the inherent tendencyof Business sector
to expand their control
Institutional means for mediation betweenconflicting interest
private
public
informalformal
not for profit
for profit
Checks&Balances
PPPs
2 types of PPPs
• Linear: well defined design and tasks, tendering & contracting, activity-based and output-driven, relatively few actors involved, clear governance structure
• Multi-dimensional: multi-stakeholder, collective design and planning, co-ownership, process and impact oriented, community of change - inclusive, complex governance structure
Examples of complex PPPs on CVERLT
• Mali – HS&CVE project: building Human Security agenda and structure, Regional/Nat CS + ECOWAS + Mali Gov, local security committees
• Strengthening border control Kenya-Somalia: involvement of business community
• Majengo, Kenya: Al-Shabaab recruitment ground, partnership between Kenyan Transition initiative, Local Provincial Admin and Local CSOs; building trust and shifting from community targeting -> comm. orientation
• Peace and Development Program Magdalena Medio, Colombia: citizens driven, long term, broad alliance: Churches, Chamber of Comm, Extractives Industrie, armed groups, Colombian Gov.
• Reintegracion ex-Paramilitaries Cali: micro-empresas, creating business infrastr.- transforming war economy, Gov/Business/CS
• FATF-rec 8: terrorism financing; partnership FATF-CSOs on risk assessment and implementation, transnational approach
Why are PPPs with CS on CVERLT complex?
• CS works on CVERLT, but does not brand it as CT/CVE; different interest, different agenda’s
• Where CVERLT can be most effective, engagement is most difficult due to legal and social-cultural/political reasons
• PPPs become counterproductive when space for CS has been restricted
• Many security measures work on the basis of exclusion, while CS maintains an inclusive paradigm
Finding: Civil Society is not very prone to partner with the Security Sector
• General notion: CVERLT cannot be done effectively without partnering with CS
• CT/CVE sector should build partnerships on the historical principles and experiences from CS-pillars as Development, Peace-building, Interreligious Dialogue, Women Leadership and Empowerment, Humanitarian Actions and Human Rights.
Principles and experiences from CS-pillars:
• Development: PPP partnership, ownership and autonomy, locally driven agenda, addressing root causes of poverty and conflict
• Peace-building: sustained dialogue, inclusion of not-like minded, non violent approaches, profound conflict-analysis
• Faith based organizations: Interreligious dialogue, value driven and human centered approaches to conflict transformation
• Women Leadership & Empowerment: women perspective on security, women as an important actor of change
• The Humanitarians: humanitarian imperative as leading principle for full engagement and social inclusion• Human Rights: respect for human rights and using rights based approach
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes
triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
CIVIL SOCIETY
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & Knowledge
Centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Global Movements
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
Organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
Relig
iou
s n
etw
ork
s
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
Relig
iou
s n
etw
ork
s
CONTRACTING
Linear PPPs
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
Relig
iou
s n
etw
ork
s
CONTRACTING
DIALOGUE &
NEGOTATION
Linear PPPs
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
Relig
iou
s n
etw
ork
s
CONTRACTING
DIALOGUE &
NEGOTATION
Linear PPPs
Complex
PPPs
International level
Local level
Service & content driven
Value or ideologydriven
Research & knowledge
centers INGOsHumanitaria
n & Development
Social Care Providers at community
level
Global Movements
Peace Building
organizations
Grassroot movements
Community Policing Groups
CBO’s & interest groups
Relig
iou
s n
etw
ork
s
CONTRACTING
DIALOGUE &
Informal
Low Org.
Capacity
Legitimacy issue
Linear PPPs
Complex
PPPs
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic and comprehensive approach
that includes triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis
CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes triggers, accelerators and
root causes
• Triggers: elections, rise of food prices, arrest of leaders, new laws and measures
• Accelerators: unemployment, influx of arms, potentials for recruitment, perceived injustice
• Root causes: poor governance, exclusion and marginalization, injustice
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes
triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis
Learn from comprehensive approach / 3D
• Start with joint assessments of risks and conflict
• Build a common Theory of Change • Use peace dividend as a means and
an end
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes
triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis
Upstreaming
Upscaling Upgrading
Downscaling
Downgrading
Downstreaming
H I G H E R L E V E L S
G R A S S R O O T L E V E L S
Community oriented SECURITY APPROACH
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION
DISSIMINATION &IMPLEMENTATION
SOCIAL
PLN
T ECHNICAL
PLN
STATE CENTRIC SECURITY APPROACH
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes
triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis
Invest in capacity building
Especially in the red area of the scheme!
• Organizational and institutional capacity
• Networking capacity
• Legitimacy: legal + social (license to operate)
Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:
• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes
triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and
community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the partnership on a structural basis
In
tern
et
Pe
ace
Bui
ldin
g
Development
Human Rights
Interreligious
Dialogue
Wom
en
L
ead
ers
hip
Yout
h
Lead
ersh
ip
Governance
Justice &Reconciliation
Humansecurit
y
UN
REGO’s
MemberStates
Inte
rface
Civil Society Sectors
State
facilitating
PPPs onCountering Violent
ExtremismCountering Terrorism
De-radicalisation
Summerizing PPPs with CS:
• Negotiate on a broad and inclusive security agenda: Human Security can be an attractive frame
• Not a zero-sum game, but win-win on higher goals (non-violence, governance, inclusion)
• Create co-ownership between different stakeholders and respect autonomy
• Find a legitimate and acceptable governance structure
• Safe guard enabling conditions for partnership
Thank you!