PPT 9.3

Agriculture

People change their environment to grow food

The forest is burned to clear land for planting crops:

1. The forest is cut down.

2. The debris is burned where it lies.

3. The ash is spread as fertilizer.4. With no roots to hold the topsoil in place erosion occurs.

5. When soil erodes sometimes “desertification” occurs.

Desertification

People diverted water from streams to irrigate crops.

The Inca carved terraces out of mountainsides.for farming - called terrace farming.

The Aztecs in Mexico even built up ingenious floating gardens called Chinampas to adapt agriculture to their swampy land.

The hard life of the subsistence farmer, and povertyin rural (farming) areas led many people to move to Urban (city) areas to find a better life.

Push Factors: Pull Factors:

force a person away from rural areas because of poor schools.

Push and Pull FactorsTwo factors lead people to migrate from rural areas to urban areas. These are

Poor schools High paying jobs

draw people to urban areas for high paying jobs and good medical care.

The reality of movement from rural farming to urban city living is that people trade one type of poverty for another.

•Living in slums is a constant battle against poverty and crime. •Most people in South America moving from rural areas to urban areas don’t get into good schools, have quality healthcare, or high paying jobs, but must deal with gangs and other criminals.

Gangs,

Drug dealers,

and other criminals.

Urban Life

Other people visit cities in South America on a less permanent basis to engage in tourism.

Tourists bring money into an economy.

Tourism dollars stimulate an economy by creating jobs.

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Tourism causes stress on the infrastructure of countries, like roads and sewers, and political strife occurs when differences between rich tourists and poor locals arise.