Bubble-Sensing:Binding a Sensing Task

to the Physical World using mobile phones

Introduction Here we present the bubble-sensing system

that support the persistent sensing of a particular location, as required by user requests.

Conceptually, a user with a phone that has opted into the bubble-sensing system visits a location of interest, presses a button on his phone to affix the sensing request to the location, and then walks away. The sensing request persists at the location until the timeout set by the initiator is reached.

Bubble Sensing

Sensing tasks are created and maintained in the bubble-sensing system through the interaction of a number of virtual roles.

Virtual roles- Bubble creator

Bubble anchor

Bubble carrier

Sensing node

Bubble sensing

Bubble Creation Phase

Bubble CreatorBubble Anchor

Mobile Sensor

Mobile Sensor

Bubble Server

Bubble Maintenance Phase

Due to uncontrolled mobility of the creator ,the creator may leave the bubble location while task is still active.

So to anchor the bubble to the location of intrest we use bubble anchors.

Two variants for bubble anchor selection: 1. Location based 2. Mobility based

Challenges to maintenanceAs we do not require sensing nodes to have

knowledge of their absolute location, recipients of the task broadcast that are outside of the bubble area defined in the broadcast may still collect and upload data to the bubble server. This potentially makes the effective bubble size larger than the specified bubble size.

The bubble drift.

Bubble Restoration Phase

Bubble Server

Mobile Sensor

Bubble Anchor Mobile

Sensor

Bubble carrier

Architecture•Programming languages•Communication•Sensor•Classifier•System integration

ProblemsHold the bubble in the area of interest.

Recover from lost bubble.

Exploit heterogeneous devices.

Privacy and security concerns

•the sharing of device resources with unknown third parties.•Individual’s privacy concerning their daily activities is at risk from other users if bubble sensing system is misused.

Related work• As the mobile phone is ubiquitous, and the discussion of a mobile phones used as a sensing device has some history no large-scale mobile cell phone sensor networks have yet been deployed in practice.

•In the last few years, the smart phone market has grown rapidly (e.g., Nokia N95, Apple iPhone), cultivating ground for research on mobile sensor networking.

Conclusion•So mobile sensor nodes collaborate and share sensing and communication resources with each other in a cooperative sensing environment.•So we presented an approach to support persistent location-specific task in a wireless sensor network composed of mobile phones.

References•A.T. Campbell, S.B. Eisenman, N.D. Lane, E. Miluzzo, R.A. Peterson, People-centric urban sensing, in: Proc. of 2nd ACM/IEEE Int’l Conf. on Wireless Internet, WICON’06, ACM Int’l Conf. Proc. Series, vol. 220, No. 18, Boston, Aug 2–5, 2006, (Invited Paper).

•J. Burke, D. Estrin, M. Hansen, A. Parker, N. Ramanathan, S. Reddy, M.B. Srivastava, Participatory sensing, in: Proc. of 1st Workshop on Wireless Sensor Web, WSW’06, Boulder, October 31, 2006.

•T. Abdelzaher, Y. Anokwa, P. Boda, J. Burke, D. Estrin, L. Guibas, A. Kansal, S. Madden and J. Reich, Mobiscopes for human spaces, IEEE Pervasive Computing 6 (2) (2007)

•S.B. Eisenman, A.T. Campbell, SkiScape sensing, in: Proc. of ACM 4th Int’l Conf. Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SENSYS’04, 2006.

Thank you