ppt policy report

Doing Ethical Policy Analysis

What is Policy Analysis

Policy recommendations or simply written policy advice are the key means through which policy decisions are made in most levels of government

tradeWhether the policy recommendation is accepted as sound or dismissed in favor of another option largely depends on how well the issue and the arguments justifying the recommended course of action are presented

trade

A step-by-step guideStep 1 Defining the problemStep 2 Establishing goalsStep 3 Selecting a policyStep 4 Implementing a policyStep 5 Evaluating the policy

Policy Analysis and Ethical Practice

bull define the problem at handbull assemble some evidence about the

problem its causes and its effectsbull construct a set of alternative ways to

address the problembull select the criteria for judging the

relative merits of each alternativebull project the likely outcomes of each

alternative given the chosen criteria

bull note the trade-offs associated with pursuing each alternative

bull decide what alternative seems most appropriate given the selected criteria projected outcomes and expected trade-offs

bull present the findings of the analysis and the conclusions drawn from it


1 What is the problem we want to address andor the result we want to achieve and why What is our purpose here

2 Who has a particular interest with respect to this issue and what is the nature of that interest

3 What values are at stake with respect to this issue

4 What relevant evidence emotions and moral intuitions into practical public reasoning about the right thing to do

5 What options are implementable at what cost and which of these are most likely to secure a democratic mandate

6 How can we protect the dignity and rights of individuals and minorities while promoting thepublic good


Policy analysts are called to close knowledge gaps faced by decision makers Given inherent information asymmetries in these relationships decision makers must place trust in policy analysts to act ethically Having discussed five ethical principles for policy analysts we now explore the implications those principles hold for the actions of policy analysts at each step in their work

Ethics Defined1048698 Moral codes are the rules

that establish the boundaries of generally accepted behavior

Morality refers to social conventions about right and wrong human conduct

Ethics are beliefs regarding right and wrong behavior

The core values of ethics can help us evaluate the rationality and acceptability of public policies formulated to address social problems or market imperfections that arise in cyberspace

Ethics and Work

must strive to promote outcomes that are good for society

must be transparent about the choices embodied in their

work

Five ethical principles

INTEGRITYWhen people act with integrity they

are directed by an internal moral compass They strive to do the right thing in any given situation and to achieve consistency in their intentions and actions across contexts

People display integrity when they follow high standards of honesty and when they show commitment to the values of justice and fairness

People of integrity do not seek selfish short-term gains through opportunistic actions that harm others

Competence A strong relationship exists between competence and ethical behaviour When you talk or act as if you can do something then the qualities of honesty and integrity dictate that you can actually do it It is dishonest for anyone to say they can do something when they cannot Most professionals have specialised knowledge and skills making them highly competent in a narrow set of areas

Respectmeans being considerate and

appreciative of others It means treating others as you would like to be treated (Plante 2004)

The tough part of respect is looking for

the humanity the good and the reasonableness in people who our gut instincts lead us to despise

ResponsibilityTaking responsibility means

acknowledging the part you play in contributing to expected or observed outcomes It is commonplace for people to willingly accept the credit when good outcomes occur but to deflect blame for poor outcomes

ConcernConcern means caring about showing an interest in and being involved in the lives of others When people devote their lives to working with and advancing the interests of the poor they demonstrate exceptional levels of concern for others Without making that level of sacrifice many people ndash through their work their philanthropy and their acts of altruism ndash do an enormous amount to help others to live better lives

Ethical Analysis Format

1 State The Moral Issues2 Apply Ethical Principles3 Identify Options4 Make A RecommendationsDecisions

Ethical Construction of Alternatives

we should include alternatives that appear most relevant given the problem and discussions surrounding it

the set of alternatives should be constructed taking account of the broader financial context

the construction of alternatives offers an opportunity for policy analysts to broaden policy discussions

we should treat our analysis as a vehicle for facilitating discussion of additional alternatives

Ethical Problemidentify relevant stakeholder groups and learn how members of those groups see the problem and how they would like it to be addressed

assess their findings and identify the key lines of disagreement

Ethical Decision Making

It is important to develop a logical approachto ethical decision making Here are some

stepsGet the factsIdentify the stakeholders and their positions Consider the consequences of your decision Weigh various guidelines and principles (VirtueUtilitarian Fairness Common Good)


Develop and evaluate options

Review your decision

Evaluate the results of your decision

Ethical Selection of CriteriaEfficiency equity and administrative

simplicity



A step-by-step guide


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Ethics Defined

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Slide 13

Competence

Respect

Responsibility

Concern



Ethical Problem



Ethical Selection of Criteria


Policy recommendations or simply written policy advice are the key means through which policy decisions are made in most levels of government

tradeWhether the policy recommendation is accepted as sound or dismissed in favor of another option largely depends on how well the issue and the arguments justifying the recommended course of action are presented

trade

























Ethics and Work



work































simplicity





Slide 5

Slide 6

Slide 7


Ethics Defined

Slide 10

Slide 11


Slide 13

Competence

Respect

Responsibility

Concern



Ethical Problem




























Ethics and Work



work































simplicity





Slide 5

Slide 6

Slide 7


Ethics Defined

Slide 10

Slide 11


Slide 13

Competence

Respect

Responsibility

Concern



Ethical Problem






work































simplicity





Slide 5

Slide 6

Slide 7


Ethics Defined

Slide 10

Slide 11


Slide 13

Competence

Respect

Responsibility

Concern



Ethical Problem


































simplicity





Slide 5

Slide 6

Slide 7


Ethics Defined

Slide 10

Slide 11


Slide 13

Competence

Respect

Responsibility

Concern



Ethical Problem




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