ppt presentation hydro france

7/29/2019 Ppt Presentation Hydro France

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Hydroelectric energies

Rivers energy

Sea energy


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Hydropower plants

Worldwide, hydropower plants produce about 24percent of the world's electricity and supply more

than 1 billion people with power. Hydropower is the second source of electricity in

France.

In France it is 12% of the total electricity

production, with an average production capacityof 70 TWh per year


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How does it work ?

Hydropower plants are based on a rathersimple concept

Hydropower plants harness water's energyand use simple mechanics to convert thatenergy into electricity.

Water flowing through a dam turns a turbinewhich turns a generator.


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Here are the basic components of a

conventional hydropower plant Dam - Most hydropower plants rely on a dam that holds back water,

creating a large reservoir. Often, this reservoir is used as a recreationallake

Intake - Gates on the dam open and gravity pulls the water through thepenstock, a pipeline that leads to the turbine. Water builds up pressureas it flows through this pipe

Turbine - The water strikes and turns the large blades of a turbine, which

is attached to a generator above it by way of a shaft. The most commontype of turbine for hydropower plants is the Francis Turbine, which lookslike a big disc with curved blades. A turbine can weigh as much as 172tons and turn at a rate of 90 revolutions per minute (rpm)

Generators - As the turbine blades turn, so do a series of magnets insidethe generator. Giant magnets rotate past copper coils, producingalternating current (AC) by moving electrons.

Transformer - The transformer inside the powerhouse takes the AC and

converts it to higher-voltage current Power lines - Out of every power plant come four wires: the three

phases of power being produced simultaneously plus a neutral or groundcommon to all three

Outflow - Used water is carried through pipelines, called tailraces, andre-enters the river downstream


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Here are the basic components of a

conventional hydropower plant


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Pumped-storagehydroelectric plant


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Pumped-storage hydroelectric plant:

A plant that usually generates electricenergy during peak load periods by usingwater previously pumped into an elevated

storage reservoir during off-peak periodswhen excess generating capacity isavailable to do so. When additionalgenerating capacity is needed, the water

can be released from the reservoirthrough a conduit to turbine generatorslocated in a power plant at a lower level.


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Hydroelectric production


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The Rance tidal power plantThe dam of the plant measures 332.5meters


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The Rance tidal power plant, power

from the ocean

The Rance site lent itself well to such a project. First, because the amplitude between low and high tides is

one of the highest in the world (it reaches up to 13.5metres during equinoctial tides)

Second, because the estuary offers a reservoir of 22 km2capable of impounding 180 million m3. At peak periods,18,000 m3 of water per second go through the estuary, ora flow that is ten times greater than that of the RhoneRiver.

To harness such power, the estuary had to be blocked by a750 metres long and 13 metres high structure. Twenty-fiveyears of studies and six years of construction works were

needed to erect the Rance tidal power plant. Since 1967, this facility, the only full-scale power station of

this type in the world, generates 600 million kWh everyyear, enough to provide energy to 250 000 households.

ppt presentation hydro france

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