ppt science u1 lesson 3 (types of investigation)

Unit 1 Lesson 3 What Are Some Types of Investigations?

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A Process for Science


Start with a Question• A scientific investigation always begins with a

question.

• Scientists observe the world and then ask questions based on their observations.


Plan an Investigation• Scientific methods are ways that scientists

perform investigations.

• Investigations can be planned once a scientist has a testable question.

• There are many different scientific methods for investigating the world.



Investigations Differ• The method a scientist uses to conduct an

investigation depends on the question being investigated.

• An investigation in which all of the conditions are controlled is called an experiment.

• Models are used to represent real objects or processes, and repeated observations are used to study processes in nature without disturbing them.



Drawing Conclusions• Whatever scientific methods are used, scientists

will have results they can use to draw conclusions.

• Conclusions can answer the question scientists asked before they began.

• Conclusions may also point to other questions and provide ideas for more investigations.




Explosive Observations


• Some science questions are too big, too far away, or too uncontrollable for experiments.

• Repeated observations can help answer these questions and can help predict future events.


Explosive Observations


• How do scientists predict the locations of future volcanic eruptions?

Super Models


When Modeling Is Needed• Scientists use models when they cannot

experiment with the real thing.

• Scientists draw conclusions and make predictions by studying their models.


Super Models


Types of Models• Physical models simulate a real object or event.

• Computer simulation models show future or past events.

• Drawing diagrams and flow charts show how ideas are related.


How to Excel in Experimentation


Ask Questions• Scientific questions can be answered by doing

experiments. An experiment tests a hypothesis.

• Make observations before stating a hypothesis.


Hypothesize• A hypothesis is a statement that can be tested and

explains what can happen in an investigation.

• You can form a hypothesis by thinking about what you already know, talking to other people, and doing research.




Design an Experiment

• Experiments can have two or more setups for comparing results.

• Variables are any conditions in an experiment that can be changed. Most experiments have many variables, but only one is tested.

• The control is the setup to which all other setups will be compared.




Carry Out the Procedure

• A procedure is the steps scientists follow in an experiment.

• Procedures are often repeated.

• Repeating procedures gives scientists more evidence to support their conclusions.




Record and Analyze Data

• Recording data correctly is important. There are many ways to record data.

• Once data are recorded, you can analyze the results to draw conclusions.




Draw Conclusions and Evaluate the Hypothesis

• All conclusions must be supported with evidence in order to have a stronger conclusion.

• Once you’ve reached a conclusion, evaluate your hypothesis to determine if it is supported.

• Scientists build on what they learn by rethinking their hypothesis or designing new experiments.





Special Delivery: Data Displays


• Line graphs show change over time.

• Circle graphs compare parts to the whole.


Special Delivery: Data Displays


• Diagrams show data that do not include numbers.

• Bar graphs compare things or groups of things.

ppt science u1 lesson 3 (types of investigation)

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