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Saturday, May 6, 20231

WITRICITY

SEMINARParvathy Ayyappan R

T7B618

SCTCE

Saturday, May 6, 2023wireless electricity 2

What is witricity?

Witricity is nothing but wireless electricity. Transmission of electrical energy from one

object to another without the use of wires is called as Witricity.

Because of Witricity some of the devices won't require batteries to operate.


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WIreless elecTRICITY

†The story started late one night a few years ago. It was probably the sixth time that month that MIT Professor Marin Soljacic was awakened by his mobile phone beeping battery low. At that time it occurred to him that there is electricity wired all through his house, office-everywhere. He think about- how it is possible to use electricity without using wires…†Eureka! Coupled Resonators

Story behind WITRICITY

Saturday, May 6, 2023wireless electricity

4

basics

electricity

magnetism

Energy coupling

Magnetic induction

Electro magnetism

Resonant magnetic coupling

resonance

Basics of WITRICITY


BASICS

Electricity is a general term that encompasses a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge.Magnetism is a force that acts at a distance due to a magnetic field. This field is caused by moving electrically charged particles or is inherent in magnetic objects such as magnet.


Electromagnetic induction is the production of voltage across a conductor moving through a magnetic field.Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental interactions of nature, along with strong interaction, weak interaction and gravitation. It is the force that causes the interaction between electrically charged particles; the areas in which this happens are called electromagnetic fieldsEnergy/Power Coupling: Energy coupling occurs when an energy source has a means of transferring energy to another object


Resonance :is the tendency of a system to oscillate with larger amplitude at some frequencies than at others. These are known as the system's resonant frequencies (or resonance frequencies). At these frequencies, even small periodic driving forces can produce large amplitude oscillationsResonant Magnetic Coupling: Magnetic coupling occurs when two objects exchange energy through their varying or oscillating magnetic fields. Resonant coupling occurs when the natural frequencies of the two objects are approximately the same.


The Transfer of Electricity from one place to another without wires is known as “Witricity”.

There is witricity power sources(transmitter) and capture devices(receiver).

Power source provides power to the devices where as capture device captured it to work.

Power source and capture devices are specially designed magnetic resonators.

Magnetic resonators efficiently transfer power over large distance via the magnetic near-field.

WITRICITY TECHNOLOGY


Near field Near field is a wireless transmission

technique over distances comparable to or a few times the diameter of devices.

Near field is usually magnetic.

Near field energy is non radiative .but some radiative and resistive losses will occur.


Coupled resonators Two resonant objects of the same resonant

frequency tend to exchange energy.

It exchange energy strongly ,while interacting weakly with living beings and other environmental objects.

Coupled resonators are said to be operate in strongly coupled regime to avoid material absorption and radiative loss.


Strong coupling Strength of interaction is very high.

Coupling constant ‘g’>=1

Energy transfer is very efficient.

The rate of energy transfer is substantially higher than rate of energy lose.


MIT teams behind witricity technology

The first experiment of witricity, the concept of wireless electricity, was conducted in the year 2006, by researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The Assistant Professor of this team of researchers was Marin Soljacic.

2007: A physics research group, led by Prof. Marin Soljacic,at MIT, wirelessly power a 60W light bulb with 40% efficiency at a 2 meters (6.6 ft) distance using two 60 cm-diameter coils


Diagram of power source and capture device Power source is connected to ac

power.

Bulb is connected to capture device.

Blue lines represent the magnetic near field induced by the power source.

Yellow lines represent the flow of energy from the source to the capture coil.

This powers light bulb.

The magnetic field can wrap around the obstacle between power source and capture coil.


Witricity technology is more than…

Traditional magnetic induction.

Radiative power transfer.

Tesla’s vision of a wireless world.


Used in power transformers. conductive coils transmit power to each other

wirelessly, over very short distance.

Traditional magnetic induction

An electric tooth brush uses traditional magnetic induction to recharge its batteries


Radio frequency energy is used for wireless power transfer.

Radiated power is wasted into free space Need line of sight. Harmful.

Radiative power transfer

Microwave oven utilizes radiation to cook foods


Tesla’s vision of a wireless world

Nikola Tesla the most well known scientist had a vision of wireless world.

In which wireless electric power and communication would reach around the world, delivering information and power.


Features and benefits

Witricity’s Technology Technology BenefitHighly resonant strong coupling High efficiency over distance

Energy transfer via magnetic near field

Can penetrate and wrap around obstacles

Non radiative energy transfer Safe for living beings and other environmental objects

Flexible geometry Device that can fit into OEM (original equipment manufactures)products

Scalable design From Mw to kW


Witricity technology can provide…

Direct wireless power-within the range of witricity power source

Automatic wireless charging- both in and out of range of its witricity power source.


Applications

Consumer electronics Industrial Transportation…


WITRICITY APPLICATIONS

Automatic wireless charging of mobile electronics in home, car, office,...while devices are in use and mobile.

Direct wireless powering of stationary devices…eliminating expensive custom wiring, unsightly cables and “wall-wart” power supplies.

CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

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APPLICATION

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TINU

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Robots, package machinery, assembly machinery, machine tools.

Direct wireless power and communication interconnections at points of use in harsh environments.

Direct wireless power for wireless sensors and actuators, eliminating the need for expensive power wiring or battery replacement and disposal.

Saturday, May 6, 2023wireless electricity

INDUSTRIAL


APPLICATION

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TINU

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Automatic wireless charging for existing electric vehicle classes: golf carts, industrial vehicles.

Automatic wireless charging for future hybrid and all-electric passenger and commercial vehicles, at home, in parking garages, at fleet depots, and at remote kiosks.

TRANSPORTATION


Other Applications Direct wireless power

interconnections and automatic wireless charging for implantable medical devices .

Automatic wireless charging and for high tech military systems.

Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless charging of smartcards.

Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless charging ofconsumer Appliance, mobile robots, etc.


ADVANTAGES No need of line of sight. No need of power cables

and batteries. Does not interfere with

radio waves. Wastage of power is small .Negative health implications.Highly efficient than electromagnetic induction Less costly.


Wireless power transmission can be possible only in few meters.

Efficiency is only about 40%.

Disadvantages


FUTURE OF WITRICITY

Teams’ next aim is to get a robotic vacuum or a laptop working, charging devices placed any where in the room and even robots on factory floors.

In another 3 to 5 years time. they will come up with a witricity for commercial use.

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