pr-754: 2018 long-term summary of kentucky forage variety ... · ladino dlf pickseed 103 103 103(2)...
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University of KentuckyCollege of Agriculture,Food and EnvironmentAgricultural Experiment Station
Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center | Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory | Division of Regulatory Services | Research and Education CenterRobinson Forest | Robinson Center for Appalachian Resource Sustainability | University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center | Equine Programs
Agricultural Experiment Station
PR-754
2018 Long-Term Summary of Kentucky Forage Variety TrialsG.L. Olson, S.R. Smith, J. C. Henning, and C.D. Teutsch, Plant and Soil Sciences
Introduction Forage crops occupy approximately 7 million acres in Kentucky. Forages provide a majority of the nutrition for beef, dairy, horse, goat, sheep, and wildlife in the state. In addition, forage crops play an environmentally friendly role in soil conservation, water quality, and air quality. There are over 60 forage species adapted to the climate and soil conditions of Kentucky. Only 10 to 12 of these species occupy the majority of the acreage, but within these species there is a tremendous variation in varieties. This publication was developed to provide a user-friendly guide to choosing the best variety for producers based on a summary of forage yield and grazing tolerance trials conducted in Kentucky over the past 12 to 15 years. Detailed variety reports and forage management publications are available from your local county agent or at the University of Ken-tucky forage website at forages.ca.uky.edu by clicking on the “Forage Variety Trial” link.
Species in This Report Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a high-quality, short-lived, perennial legume that is used in mixed or pure stands for pasture, hay, silage, green chop, soil im-provement, and wildlife habitat. This spe-cies is adapted to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions and therefore is versa-tile as a forage crop. Stands of improved varieties are generally productive for two to three years, with the highest yields occurring in the year following establish-ment. Red clover is used primarily as a renovation legume for grass pastures. It is a dominant forage legume in Kentucky because it is relatively easy to establish and has high forage quality and high yield. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a low-growing, perennial pasture legume with white flowers. It differs from red clover in that the stems (stolons) grow
along the surface of the soil and can form adventitious roots that may lead to the development of new plants. White clover is classified into ladino, Dutch, and intermediate types. The intermediate types combine the higher yield of ladino with the grazing tolerance of the Dutch types. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has histori-cally been the highest yielding, highest quality forage legume grown in Ken-tucky. It forms the basis of Kentucky’s cash hay enterprise and is an important component in dairy, horse, beef, and sheep diets and wildlife habitat. Choos-ing a good alfalfa variety is a key step in establishing a stand of alfalfa. The choice of variety can impact yield, stand persis-tence, insect and disease resistance, and grazing tolerance. Orchardgrass (Dactylus glomerata) is a high-quality, productive, cool-season grass that is well adapted to Kentucky conditions. This grass is used for pasture, hay, green chop, and silage, but it requires better management than tall fescue for higher yields, quality, and long stand life. It produces an open, bunch-type sod, making it very compatible with alfalfa or red clover as a pasture and hay crop or as habitat for wildlife. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a productive, well-adapted, persistent, soil-conserving, cool-season grass that is grown on approximately 5.5 million acres in Kentucky. This grass, used for both hay and pasture, is the forage base for most of Kentucky’s livestock enterprises, particularly beef cattle. The predominant variety, KY31, was developed in Kentucky for long-term persistence but contains a fungal endophyte that produces alkaloids detrimental to livestock production and reproductive health. Endophyte-free tall fescue varieties produce no detrimental alkaloids, but UK research shows that they are less persistent than KY31. New novel endophyte tall fescue varieties contain safe endophytes, which enhance
stand persistence but cause no detrimen-tal animal symptoms. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) are high-quality, productive, cool-season grasses used in Kentucky. Both have exceptionally high seedling vigor and are highly palatable to livestock. Annual ryegrasses (both Italian and Westerwolds type) are increasing in use across Ken-tucky as more winter-hardy varieties are released and promoted. Annual ryegrass is productive for six to eight months when planted early fall (late August/September) and is used primarily for late fall and early to late spring pasture. Perennial ryegrass can be used as a short-lived hay or pasture plant and has growth characteristics simi-lar to tall fescue. It is less persistent than other cool-season grass species. There are both diploid (two sets of chromosomes) and tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) varieties of perennial ryegrass. Tetra-ploids have larger tillers and seedheads and wider leaves. Tetraploid types tend to be taller and less dense than diploid types, even in early stages of regrowth. Diploid types produce more tillers, have better stand persistence, and are typically more tolerant to heavy grazing.
List of Tables pageTable 1. White Clover Yield ...............................................2Table 2. Red Clover Yield. ..................................................3Table 3. Alfalfa Yield ...........................................................4Table 4. Roundup Ready Alfalfa Yield ............................6Table 5. Tall Fescue Yield ...................................................7Table 6. Orchardgrass Yield ..............................................9Table 7. Timothy Yield ......................................................11Table 8. Kentucky Bluegrass Yield.................................12Table 9. Annual Ryegrass Yield ......................................13Table 10. Perennial Ryegrass Yield................................15Table 11. Festulolium Yield .............................................17Table 12. Bromegrass Yield .............................................17Table 13. Sudangrass Yield .............................................18Table 14. Sorghum-Sudangrass Yield ..........................18Table 15. Pearl Millet Yield ..............................................19Table 16. Forage Sorghum Yield ...................................19Table 17. Teff Yield ............................................................19Table 18. Spring Oats Yield .............................................20Table 19. White Clover Grazing .....................................20Table 20. Alfalfa Grazing .................................................21Table 21. Tall Fescue Grazing .........................................22Table 22. Orchardgrass Grazing ....................................23Table 23. Perennial Ryegrass/Festulolium Grazing ..24Table 24. Tall Fescue Horse Grazing .............................25Table 25. Orchardgrass Horse Grazing.........................26
2
Tabl
e 1.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y w
hite
clov
er y
ield
tria
ls 2
002-
2018
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
ty
Type
Prop
rieto
r
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndEd
en
Shal
eM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)02
1,2
0304
0607
0809
1011
1213
1415
1617
0305
0303
3yr4
3yr
3-yr
2-yr
2-yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3-yr
2yr
2yr
Adva
ntag
e La
dino
Allie
d Se
ed, L
.L.C
.12
510
611
6(2)
Alic
e In
term
edia
teBa
renb
rug
USA
105
120
7895
8698
(5)
Avoc
a D
utch
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 59
8271
(2)
Barb
lanc
a In
term
edia
teBa
renb
rug
USA
92–
Bom
bus
Ladi
noHo
od R
iver
111
113
112(
2)Br
iann
aLa
dino
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 10
310
310
3(2)
CA la
dino
La
dino
Publ
ic10
012
410
398
106(
4)Co
lt In
term
edia
teSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R90
5711
487
(3)
Com
mon
Dut
chPu
blic
100
5398
7882
(4)
Com
pani
onLa
dino
Ore
gro
Seed
s87
9492
91(3
)Cr
esce
ndo
Ladi
noCa
l/Wes
t See
ds10
514
010
911
8(3)
Crus
ader
IIIn
term
edia
teAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
9050
5475
67(4
)Ex
cel
Ladi
noAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
100
–D
omin
oLa
dino
Gras
sland
Ore
gon
87–
Dur
ana
Inte
rmed
iate
Penn
ingt
on94
9488
8285
9793
8497
8978
9986
8783
101
9590
(17)
GWC-
AS10
Ladi
noAm
pac
Seed
102
–In
sight
Ladi
noAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
128
–Iv
ory
Inte
rmed
iate
Cebe
co96
–Iv
ory
IIIn
term
edia
teD
LF P
icks
eed
8610
112
710
5(3)
Jum
bo
Ladi
noAm
pac
Seed
93–
Jum
bo II
Ladi
noAm
pac
Seed
121
101
9910
7(3)
Kaka
riki
Ladi
noLu
isett
i See
ds11
0–
Kopu
II
Inte
rmed
iate
Ampa
c Se
ed97
9795
9510
396
8090
94(8
)KY
Sel
ect
Inte
rmed
iate
KY. A
gric
. Exp
. Sta
tion
9895
97(2
)N
eche
sIn
term
edia
teBa
renb
rug
USA
79–
Oco
eeLa
dino
Allie
d Se
ed, L
.L.C
.89
7482
(2)
Patr
iot
Inte
rmed
iate
Penn
ingt
on10
387
104
113
9511
711
799
8278
8810
090
104
100
9899
104(
17)
Pinn
acle
La
dino
Allie
d Se
ed, L
.L.C
.12
011
111
6(2)
Ram
part
Ladi
noAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
8089
9783
87(4
)Re
gal
Ladi
noPu
blic
9996
9212
510
011
611
812
914
712
310
710
010
411
2(13
)Re
galG
raze
Ladi
noCa
l/Wes
t See
ds12
714
010
210
311
111
911
511
7(7)
Reno
vatio
nIn
term
edia
teSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
8385
9185
(3)
Reso
lute
Inte
rmed
iate
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
63–
RIVE
ND
EL–
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 59
8472
(2)
Sem
inol
e La
dino
Sadd
le B
utte
Ag.
Inc
108
7079
114
93(4
)Su
per H
aifa
In
term
edia
teAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
77–
Tillm
an II
La
dino
Caud
ill S
eed
103
–W
BDX
Dut
chSa
ddle
But
te A
g. In
c72
–W
ill
Ladi
noAl
lied
Seed
, L.L
.C.
107
162
150
132
107
119
137
130
123
143
140
140
104
136
131(
14)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual
yiel
ds, l
ook
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
010
was
har
vest
ed 3
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
12 R
ed a
nd
Whi
te C
love
r Rep
ort”
arch
ived
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a
Timothy (Phleum pratense) is the fourth most widely sown cool-season perennial grass used in Kentucky for forage after tall fescue, orchardgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. Timothy is primarily harvested as hay, particularly for horses. In Kentucky, timothy behaves like a short-lived perennial, with stands usually lasting two years.
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is a high-quality, highly palatable, long-lived pasture plant with limited use for hay. It tolerates close, frequent grazing better than most grasses. It has low yields and low summer production and becomes dormant and brown during hot, dry sum-mers. Kentucky bluegrass is best suited
for pastures where a dense sod is more important than high-forage production (e.g., horse pastures). Festuloliums are hybrids between vari-ous fescues and ryegrasses with higher quality than tall fescue and improved stand survival over perennial ryegrass. Their use in Kentucky is limited because
3
Tabl
e 2.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y re
d cl
over
yie
ld tr
ials
200
1-20
18 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
nam
ed co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndEd
en S
hale
Mea
n3
(#tr
ials
)01
1,2
0203
0406
0809
1011
1213
1415
1603
0508
0911
1315
0103
0508
1003
0810
3yr4
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
AA11
7ER
ABI A
lfalfa
110
8792
96(3
)Be
arca
tBr
ett Y
oung
See
ds12
2–
Cinn
amon
Plu
sSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s97
109
112
123
117
9411
610
198
112
102
102
100
100
103
108
124
108
122
108(
19)
Com
mon
OPu
blic
9697
6384
9270
4967
9172
7778
(11)
Dom
inio
nSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
295
102
9310
910
0(5)
Dur
atio
nCi
sco
Co.
8610
010
697
(3)
Emar
wan
Turf
-See
d91
117
106
101
9910
3(5)
Evol
veD
LF P
icks
eed
USA
9896
9998
(3)
FF96
15La
Cros
se S
eed
110
–Fr
eedo
m!
Bare
nbru
g US
A12
712
396
118
9110
010
810
610
999
101
9710
711
411
013
610
711
695
107
104
111
103
119
106
115
102
100
140
109(
29)
Free
dom
!MR
Bare
nbru
g US
A11
811
510
211
411
411
210
610
110
894
111
128
118
125
112(
14)
FSG
402
Allie
d Se
ed10
411
410
8(2)
FSG
9601
Allie
d Se
ed89
–Ga
llant
Turn
er S
eed
101
112
107
101
105(
4)Ju
liet
Caud
ill S
eed
8493
9084
5982
(5)
Kenl
and
(cer
t.)KY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
127
139
118
117
117
9911
199
116
114
109
103
105
119
102
9211
310
610
611
510
011
188
105
104
123
9811
013
811
0(29
)Ke
nlan
d (u
ncer
t)Pu
blic
8241
7483
6766
9272
(7)
Kent
onKY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
119
109
9095
112
121
9510
511
294
9399
106
9898
103(
15)
Kenw
ayKY
Ag.
Exp
Sta.
111
134
9711
911
894
106
103
100
103
9410
7(11
)LS
970
3Le
wis
Seed
107
8697
(2)
Mor
ning
Sta
rCa
l/Wes
t See
ds90
9090
(2)
Plus
IIAl
lied
Seed
130
9711
4(2)
Qui
nequ
eli
Caud
ill S
eed
9280
5776
(3)
Red
Gold
Pr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
8189
102
91(3
)Re
d Go
ld P
lus
Turn
er S
eed
9795
9897
(3)
Redl
anGr
aze
IIAm
eric
as A
lfalfa
9110
493
96(3
)Re
dlan
d M
axAB
I Alfa
lfa95
–Ro
bust
IISe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R11
010
810
9(2)
Rock
etSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
610
810
7(2)
Rojo
Dia
blo
Grea
t Pla
ins
9910
110
0(2)
Roya
l Red
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
91–
Rust
ler
Ore
gro
Seed
s83
101
8494
9910
494
(6)
Sien
naGr
eat P
lain
s91
106
99(2
)So
lidPr
oduc
tion
Serv
ice
9884
7987
8676
8485
(7)
SS-0
303R
CGSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s10
310
915
010
310
411
4(5)
Star
fire
Ampa
c Se
ed99
–St
arfir
e II
Cal/W
est &
Am
pac
101
111
107
112
110
112
115
111
110(
8)Tr
iple
Trus
t 350
ABI A
lfalfa
101
9292
95(3
)Ve
sna
DLF
-Jen
ks53
9675
(2)
Wild
cat
Bret
t You
ng S
eeds
101
107
9810
2(3)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he
final
yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
010
was
har
vest
ed 3
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
12 R
ed a
nd W
hite
Clo
ver R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.
edu>
.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a
4
continued
they do not survive as long as tall fescue. Newer varieties show promise where high quality and yield are more impor-tant than long-term persistence. Bromegrasses: Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) is a perennial pasture and hay grass native to Europe. It has creeping underground stems or
rootstocks from which the leafy stems arise. Smooth bromegrass is palatable to all classes of livestock, from emergence to the heading stage. Meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii Roem. & Schult) is a native of southeastern Europe and the adjacent Near East. It resembles smooth bromegrass but has only short rhizomes
or none at all. Meadow bromegrass is densely tufted and has a similar growth habit to tall fescue. Hybrid brome-grasses are a cross between smooth and meadow bromegrasses. Alaska bromegrass (Bromus sitchensis), also called Sitka bromegrass, is a long-lived perennial bunchgrass that will actively
Tabl
e 3.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y al
falfa
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
18 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
com
mer
cial
var
ietie
s in
the
test
).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nBo
wlin
g G
reen
2Ed
en
Shal
eM
ean6
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce3
004,
502
0406
0811
1215
1601
0508
0911
1303
0603
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H5y
r75y
r5y
r7y
r6y
r6y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r4y
r5y
r5y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r3y
r4y
r4y
rA-
4440
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
100
9910
0(2)
A 52
25Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e5
HRHR
HRHR
R10
410
710
6(2)
AC L
ongv
iew
New
field
See
ds–
HR–
––
–83
–Ad
rena
linBr
ett Y
oung
See
ds4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
4–
Amer
istan
d 40
3TAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9991
102
9497
100
101
107
9999
(9)
Amer
istan
d 40
3T P
lus
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
310
394
100(
3)Am
erist
and
407T
QAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
103
104
104(
2)Am
erist
and
427T
QAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
108
–An
chor
mat
ePr
oSee
d M
arke
ting
––
––
––
100
–Ar
c (c
ertifi
ed)
Publ
ic4
LRM
RHR
––
9196
7693
9199
9586
9598
92(1
0)Ar
cher
III
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
6–
Bara
lfa 5
3HR
Bare
nbru
g US
A5
HRR
HRHR
HR10
4–
Buffa
loPu
blic
––
––
––
9082
8680
8988
9578
8791
8195
87(1
2)Bu
lldog
-505
Univ
. of G
A5
–HR
–R
–10
298
9610
310
0(4)
Calib
erBe
ck’s
Hyb
rids
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9910
597
9910
0(4)
Char
ger
Beck
’s H
ybrid
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
6–
Cont
ende
rBe
ck’s
Hyb
rids
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
9910
310
1(2)
DK
140
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR95
100
98(2
)D
KA 4
3-13
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
2–
DKA
50-
18M
onsa
nto
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
110
–D
G421
0Cr
op P
rodu
ctio
n4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
110
310
2(2)
Dyn
agro
Eve
rlast
Unite
d Ag
r. Pr
od.
4HR
HRHR
HRR
101
101
101(
2)En
forc
erSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR90
8286
(2)
Esca
lade
Allie
d Se
eds
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
–Ev
erm
ore
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
9910
010
510
110
310
2(5)
Expe
ditio
nN
EXGR
OW
5HR
HRR
RRR
107
112
9610
5(3)
Feas
t +EV
NEX
GRO
W3
HRHR
HRR
HR10
610
196
101(
3)Fi
erce
Beck
’s H
ybrid
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
FSG
403L
RFa
rm S
ci. G
enet
ics
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
102
–FS
G 40
6Al
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR11
0–
FSG
408D
PAl
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
R10
511
010
8(2)
FSG
415B
RAl
lied
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
4–
FSG
424
Farm
Sci
. Gen
etic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
9–
FSG
426
Farm
Sci
. Gen
etic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
FSG
505
Allie
d Se
eds
5HR
HRHR
HRR
106
108
107(
2)FS
G 52
4Fa
rm S
ci. G
enet
ics
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
96–
FSG
528S
FLe
wis
Seed
Co.
5HR
RHR
HRR
107
–GA
-497
HDPr
ef. A
lf. G
enet
ics
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
104
–GA
-535
Pref
. Alf.
Gen
etic
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
7–
Gene
vaN
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
106
103
104
104(
3)Ge
noa
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRRR
HR11
299
9811
810
7(4)
GH 7
44N
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRM
R10
4–
Gunn
erCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
3–
Inte
grity
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
–Ki
ngFi
sher
243
Cal/W
est
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
98–
King
fishe
r 402
0By
ron
Seed
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
L447
HDLe
gacy
See
ds4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5–
5
continued
grow at moderate rates during the spring and summer season. It does not spread by rhizomes and is more suited to en-vironments with harsh winters. Prairie bromegrass (Bromus wildenowii) is a tall, cool-season, leafy short-lived, perennial, deep-rooted bunchgrass. It was intro-duced from South America. Seedheads
are produced throughout the growing season, and to maintain productive stands for several years, it is necessary to manage at least one growth cycle each year for seed production and natural reseeding. Some prairie bromegrasses are susceptible to winterkill. Mountain bromegrass (Bromus marginatus) is na-
tive to North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, where it can be found in many types of habitat. It is a short-lived, perennial, cool-season, sod-forming grass. All bromegrasses have several advan-tages over tall fescue, including retaining quality as they mature and better growth
Tabl
e 3.
continued
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nBo
wlin
g G
reen
2Ed
en
Shal
eM
ean6
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce3
004,
502
0406
0811
1215
1601
0508
0911
1303
0603
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H5y
r75y
r5y
r7y
r6y
r6y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r4y
r5y
r5y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r3y
r4y
r4y
rL4
49Ap
h2Le
gacy
See
ds4
HRHR
HRHR
HR97
–L4
55HD
Lega
cy S
eeds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
102
–La
ncer
Allie
d Se
eds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
–Le
genD
airy
5.0
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
9910
311
010
4(3)
Mar
iner
III
Allie
d Se
eds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
99–
Mou
ntai
neer
2.0
Crop
lan
Gen.
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
108
–O
ptim
usBr
ett Y
oung
See
ds
HRHR
HRHR
HR98
–Pe
rFor
mD
airy
land
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
6–
PGI 4
59Al
fore
x Se
eds
4HR
HRHR
HRR
102
–PG
I 529
Alfo
rex
Seed
s5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
5Ph
irst
UniS
outh
Gen
etic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
R10
510
210
4(2)
Phoe
nix
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
5HR
HRHR
HRR
113
9910
210
510
194
9610
1(7)
Radi
ance
HD
Ampa
c Se
ed/C
isco
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
105
103
103(
3)Ra
dian
t-AM
Ampa
c Se
ed4
HRHR
HRHR
HR97
–Re
boun
d 5.
0Cr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
310
310
810
4(3)
Rebo
und
6.0
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
104
101
103(
2)Re
boun
d 6X
TCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
Rega
lGr
eat P
lain
s5
HRHR
RHR
MR
103
9499
(2)
Rew
ard
IIPG
I Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
RHR
R99
103
9410
310
0(4)
Sara
nac
AR (c
ertifi
ed)
Publ
ic4
MR
RHR
LR–
9387
7785
8691
9695
9592
9588
9282
9799
8995
91(1
8)Su
mm
er G
old
Beck
’s H
ybrid
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
7–
Trip
leTr
ust 4
50AB
I Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
010
510
3(2)
Trip
leTr
ust 5
00Ce
ntra
l Far
m S
uppl
y5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
8–
USG
681H
YUn
iSou
th G
enet
ics
6HR
HRHR
HR–
113
–Ve
rnal
Publ
ic2
RM
R–
––
9395
94(2
)W
ithst
and
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
100
9096
100
8711
498
(6)
WL
319H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
108
–W
L 32
7W
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
–W
L 33
8SR
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
1–
WL
343H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
101
110
100
104(
3)W
L 34
8AP
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
–W
L 35
4HQ
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR11
5–
WL
357H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
123
106
101
106
109(
4)W
L 36
3HQ
W-L
Res
earc
h5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
510
310
510
4(3)
WL
365H
QW
-L R
esea
rch
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
95–
4m76
FFR/
Sou.
St.
4.7
HRHR
RHR
R11
6–
4030
Bret
t You
ng S
eeds
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
103
–5-
star
Crop
lan
Gen.
5R
HRR
RR
9799
98(2
)53
H92
Pion
eer
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
95–
54Q
32Pi
onee
r4
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
–54
V46
Pion
eer
4R
HRHR
HRR
99–
55V4
8Pi
onee
r5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
2–
55V5
0Pi
onee
r5
HRR
Hr
HRHR
109
105
108(
2)54
V54
Pion
eer
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9894
105
99(3
)54
V56
Pion
eer
––
––
––
98–
6400
HTN
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
108
9610
2(2)
6415
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
310
510
4(2)
6
Tabl
e 4.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y Ro
undu
p Re
ady
alfa
lfa y
ield
tria
ls 2
011-
2018
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e te
st).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nQ
uick
sand
Mea
n5
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce2
123,
415
1113
1514
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H6y
r64y
r5y
r4y
r2y
r2y
rAl
fagr
aze
300
RRAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
3HR
RHR
HRHR
9595
9399
9395
(5)
Alfa
graz
e 60
0 RR
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa6
–R
HRR
R10
085
9393
(3)
Amer
istan
d 40
5T R
RAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
100
102
9710
098
9398
(6)
Amer
istan
d 43
3T R
RAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
3HR
RR
HRHR
9299
9596
107
98(5
)Am
erist
and
445T
Q R
RAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
103
100
103(
3)Ap
haTr
on R
RCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
9899
(2)
Cons
isten
cy 4
.10
RRCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
110
210
2(2)
DKA
-41-
18 R
RM
onsa
nto
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
100
101
100
100(
3)D
KA 4
4-16
RR
Mon
sant
o4
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
410
010
2(2)
Stra
tica
RRCr
opla
n Ge
netic
s4
HRHR
HRHR
HR97
9697
(2)
Tonn
ica
RRCr
op G
enet
ics
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
101
103(
2)W
L 35
5 RR
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
HR99
102
110
104(
3)W
L 35
6HQ
RR
W-L
Res
earc
h5
HRHR
HRHR
HR10
098
9698
(3)
WL
372H
Q R
RW
-L R
esea
rch
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
102
106
104(
2)42
8 RR
Allie
d Se
ed4
HRHR
HRHR
HR96
104
111
104(
3)54
R02
RRD
upon
t Pio
neer
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
9710
810
410
297
102(
5)55
VR06
RR
Dup
ont P
ione
er5
HRR
HRHR
HR92
9996
(2)
55VR
08 R
RD
upon
t Pio
neer
5–
HRHR
HRHR
105
110
108(
2)65
16R
RRN
EXGR
OW
5HR
–HR
HRHR
106
109
108(
2)1
Varie
ty c
hara
cter
istic
s: FD
=fal
l dor
man
cy, B
w=b
acte
rial w
ilt, F
w=f
usar
ium
wilt
, An=
anth
racn
ose,
PRR
=phy
toph
thor
a ro
ot ro
t, AP
H-ap
hano
myc
es ro
ot ro
t. In
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed b
y se
ed co
mpa
nies
.2
Dise
ase
resis
tanc
e: S
=sus
cept
ible
, LR=
low
resis
tanc
e, M
R=m
oder
ate
resis
tanc
e, R
=res
istan
ce, H
R=hi
gh re
sista
nce.
3 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d4
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c te
st. F
or e
xam
ple,
the
Prin
ceto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
1 w
as h
arve
sted
for 5
ye
ars,
so th
e fin
al y
ield
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Alfa
lfa R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
5 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
6 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata
during dry weather, but they are generally less well adapted in Kentucky. Sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondi) is a rapidly growing annual grass in the sorghum family. It is medium yielding and well suited for grazing or hay because of its smaller stem size. Su-dangrass regrows quickly after harvest
and can be grazed several times during summer and early fall. Sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are more vigorous and slightly higher yielding than sudangrass. A larger stem size makes these hybrids less useful for hay; there-fore, they are commonly used for baleage and grazing.
Forage sorghum is used primarily as silage for livestock and is typically a one cut crop. It grows 6 to 12 feet tall and is typically harvested when the seed is in the milk to soft dough stage. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is the most widely grown type of millet. It is well adapted to production systems
Tabl
e 3.
continued
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Prin
ceto
nBo
wlin
g G
reen
2Ed
en
Shal
eM
ean6
(# tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce3
004,
502
0406
0811
1215
1601
0508
0911
1303
0603
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H5y
r75y
r5y
r7y
r6y
r6y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r4y
r5y
r5y
r6y
r4y
r3y
r3y
r4y
r4y
r64
17N
EXGR
OW
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
–64
20N
EXGR
OW
4HR
RHR
RHR
106
–64
22Q
NEX
GRO
W4
HRHR
HRHR
HR11
210
210
7(2)
6530
NEX
GRO
W5
HRHR
HRHR
HR92
–65
52N
EXGR
OW
5HR
HRHR
HRHR
105
–1
Varie
ty c
hara
cter
istic
s: FD
=fal
l dor
man
cy, B
w=b
acte
rial w
ilt, F
w=f
usar
ium
wilt
, An=
anth
racn
ose,
PRR
=phy
toph
thor
a ro
ot ro
t, AP
H-ap
hano
myc
es ro
ot ro
t. In
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed b
y se
ed
com
pani
es.
2 Th
e Bo
wlin
g Gr
een
test
is o
n so
il in
fest
ed w
ith p
hyto
phth
ora
and
apha
nom
yces
root
rots
.3
Dise
ase
resis
tanc
e: S
=sus
cept
ible
, LR=
low
resis
tanc
e, M
R=m
oder
ate
resis
tanc
e, R
=res
istan
ce, H
R=hi
gh re
sista
nce.
4 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d5
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c te
st. F
or e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
200
8 w
as h
arve
sted
for 6
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al y
ield
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2013
Alfa
lfa
Repo
rt” a
rchi
ved
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du.
6 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
7 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata
7
characterized by drought, low soil fertil-ity, and high temperature. It is higher yielding than foxtail millet and regrows rapidly after harvest if an 8- to 10-inch stubble height is left. Dwarf varieties, which are leafier and better suited for grazing, are available.
Tabl
e 5.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y ta
ll fe
scue
yie
ld tr
ials
200
2-20
18 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
com
mer
cial
var
ietie
s in
the
tria
l).
Varie
tyEn
doph
yte
Stat
us1
Prop
rieto
r
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0507
0911
1213
1415
1602
0406
0810
1215
0305
1316
2-yr
53-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr2-
yr4-
yr3-
yr2-
yrAt
las S
elec
tfre
ePr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
95–
April
iafre
ePr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
93–
Bagu
ala
free
Allie
d Se
ed92
9694
(2)
BarE
lite
free
Bare
nbru
g US
A96
100
9295
(3)
Baria
nefre
eBa
renb
rug
USA
8799
9594
(3)
Baro
lex
free
Bare
nbru
g US
A90
–Ba
rOpt
ima
PLUS
E34
nove
lBa
renb
rug
USA
122
9910
710
810
299
113
9899
100
9693
119
104(
13)
Bron
son
free
Ampa
c Se
ed88
9710
510
299
9999
101
9110
310
299
(11)
Brut
usfre
eSa
ddle
But
te A
g. In
c.90
–Bu
llfre
eIm
prov
ed F
orag
es98
102
100
104
9997
9599
(7)
Caju
n II
free
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es97
105
9999
9310
110
490
9698
(9)
Cow
girl
free
Rose
-Agr
iSee
ds94
102
100
9899
(4)
Dom
inat
efre
eAl
lied
Seed
9099
95(2
)D
rove
rfre
eBa
renb
rug
USA
105
120
113(
2)D
uraM
ax
GOLD
nove
lD
LF P
icks
eed
102
106
104(
2)
Enha
nce
free
Allie
d Se
ed93
107
100(
2)Es
tanc
ia
ArkS
hiel
dno
vel
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
102
106
9410
110
210
410
2(6)
Fest
ival
free
Pick
seed
Wes
t10
2–
Flou
rish
free
Allie
d Se
ed92
101
97(2
)FS
G 40
2TF
free
Farm
Sci
ence
Ge
netic
s92
103
98(2
)
Golia
thfre
eAm
pac
Seed
100
104
9910
1(3)
HyM
ark
free
Fras
er S
eeds
9110
410
210
310
0(4)
Jesu
p EF
free
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
9810
510
310
010
2(4)
Jesu
p M
axQ
nove
lPe
nnin
gton
See
d98
101
110
103
100
9310
610
210
994
9510
098
9810
010
210
011
510
1(18
)KE
NHY
free
KY A
gric
Exp
Sta
.89
–
continued
The brown midrib or BMR trait is outward expression of a genetic mutation in forage sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass, sudangrass, and pearl millet. In most cases, plants possessing the BMR trait contain less or altered lignin, making the plant more digestible and increasing ani-mal production. Therefore, it is desirable
to seed summer annuals which have the BMR trait in addition to other desirable characteristics like high yield. With BMR varieties, the midrib of the leaf appears brown or tannish in color. Teff, also referred to as summer loveg-rass (Eragrostis tef ), is a warm-season annual grass native to Ethiopia and has been used as a grain crop for thousands of years. Recently, there has been consider-able interest in teff as a forage crop. It is high quality, palatable, and fine stemmed and therefore makes excellent hay.
Important Selection Considerations Local adaptation and seasonal yield. Choose a variety/species that is adapted to your region of Kentucky, as indicated by good performance across years and locations in replicated yield trials. Also, look for varieties that are productive in the desired season of use. For manage-ment recommendations, check with your county Extension agent or see the forage website at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage. The following comprehensive bul-letins may be especially useful:
y Grain and Forage Crop Guide for Ken-tucky (AGR-18)
y Establishing Forage Crops (AGR-64) y Rotational Grazing (ID-143) y Extending Grazing and Reducing
Stored Feed Needs (AGR-199) y Forage Identification and Use Guide
(AGR-175) y Lime and Fertilizer Recommendations
(AGR-1)
Seed quality. Buy premium-quality seed that is high in germination and purity and free from weed seed. Buy certified seed or proprietary seed of an improved variety. An improved variety is one that has performed well in inde-pendent trials. Other information on the label will include the test date (which must be within the past nine months), the level of germination, and the amount of other crop and weed seed. Order seed well in advance of planting time to assure that it will be available when needed.
Description of the Tests Yield trials. Plots were seeded at the recommended seeding rate per acre and were planted into a prepared seedbed
8
Tabl
e 5.
continued
Varie
tyEn
doph
yte
Stat
us1
Prop
rieto
r
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0507
0911
1213
1415
1602
0406
0810
1215
0305
1316
2-yr
53-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr3-
yr2-
yr2-
yr4-
yr3-
yr2-
yrKe
ntuc
ky 3
2fre
eO
regr
o Se
eds
9394
101
9894
101
96(6
)Ko
ra P
rote
kno
vel
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
489
97(2
)KY
31+
toxi
cKY
Agr
ic E
xp S
ta.
112
108
102
102
9395
103
100
9910
710
410
493
112
101
9298
110
110
105
103(
20)
Lace
field
M
axQ
IIno
vel
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
109
9710
493
9310
110
610
511
310
010
1(10
)
Mar
tin2
Prot
ekno
vel
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
496
109
103(
3)N
anry
ofre
eJa
p. G
rass
land
Fo
rage
Seed
96–
Nor
iafre
ePr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
98–
Payl
oad
free
Bret
t You
ng93
112
103(
2)RA
D-E
RF50
free
Radi
x Re
sear
ch, I
nc.
113
–Sa
vory
free
DLF
Pic
ksee
d91
–Se
ine
free
Adva
nta
Seed
s96
–Se
lect
free
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
9499
9998
9010
097
103
9710
397
105
102
105
9910
099
102
9199
8498
(21)
SS-0
705T
FSL
free
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
9999
106
103
103
102(
5)St
ockm
anfre
eSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R10
810
197
105
103(
4)Te
ton
IIfre
eM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
710
596
105
9991
101(
6)Te
xom
a M
axQ
IIno
vel
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
95–
TF02
03G
free
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
87–
Tow
er
free
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
194
98(2
)To
wer
Pro
tek
nove
lD
LF P
icks
eed
9810
480
94(3
)Tu
scan
yfre
eFo
rage
Gen
etic
s–
Tusc
any
IIfre
eSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R97
9810
610
0(3)
5CAN
free
Bret
t You
ng86
–1
Free
-var
ietie
s tha
t do
not c
onta
in a
n en
doph
yte.
Toxi
c-KY
31+
cont
ains
a to
xic
endo
phyt
e. N
ovel
-var
ietie
s tha
t con
tain
an
endo
phyt
e th
at a
ids p
ersis
tenc
e bu
t is n
ot to
xic
to c
attle
.2
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
3 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n fo
rage
yie
ld b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l yi
elds
, loo
k in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
2 w
as h
arve
sted
2 y
ears
, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Tall
Fesc
ue
Repo
rt” a
rchi
ved
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.4
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.5
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a.
with a disk drill. Plots were 5 feet by 15 feet in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grass plots were typically fertilized with 60 pounds of actual N per acre in March, after the first cutting, and again in late summer for a total of up to 180 pounds per acre per season. Other fertilizers (lime, P, and K)
were applied as needed according to the University of Kentucky soil test recom-mendations. The tests were harvested us-ing a sickle-type forage plot harvester to simulate a spring cut hay/summer graz-ing/fall stockpile management system. Fresh weight samples were taken at each harvest to calculate percent dry matter
production. Management practices for establishment, fertility, weed control, and harvest timing were in accordance with University of Kentucky recommenda-tions. Grazing trials. Plots were 5 feet by 15 feet in a randomized complete block design, with each variety replicated six times. Plots were seeded at the recom-mended seeding rate per acre and were planted into a prepared seedbed using a disk drill. Grazing was continuous from April to October. Plots were grazed down to below 4 inches quickly and were maintained at 2 to 4 inches (sometimes less) for the remainder of the grazing season. Supplemental hay was fed during periods of slowest growth. Visual ratings of per-cent stand were made in the fall several weeks after the cattle were removed to check stand survival after the grazing season and in the spring prior to grazing to check on winter survival and spring growth. Because trials were seeded in rows, persistence ratings were based on density within a row and not total ground cover. Grass plots were fertilized with 60 pounds of actual N per acre in the spring and 30 to 40 pounds of actual N in early November after cattle or horses were re-moved from the pasture. Other fertilizers (lime, P, and K) were applied as needed according to the University of Kentucky soil test recommendations. Management practices for establishment, fertility, and weed control were in accordance with University of Kentucky recommenda-tions.
Results and Discussion These tables summarize long-term yield and stand persistence data of com-mercial varieties that have been entered in the University of Kentucky trials. The data are listed as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties entered in each specific trial. In other words, the mean for each trial is 100 percent; vari-eties with percentages over 100 yielded better than average, and varieties with percentages less than 100 yielded lower than average. For the grazing trials, vari-eties with percentages over 100 persisted better than average, and varieties with percentages less than 100 persisted less than average. Also in the grazing trials,
9
Tabl
e 6.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y or
char
dgra
ss y
ield
tria
ls 2
002-
2018
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)20
031,
220
0620
0720
0920
1120
1220
1320
1420
1520
1620
0220
0420
0620
0820
1020
1220
1520
0320
0520
1020
1320
163-
yr4
4-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
3-yr
4-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
Aber
top
Penn
ingt
on71
–Al
bert
Ore
gro
Seed
s10
098
99(2
)Al
pine
IIM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
7–
Amba
ssad
orD
LF P
icks
eed
95–
Ambr
osia
Amer
ican
Gra
ss S
eed
Prod
.90
–
Benc
hmar
kSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s11
3–
Benc
hmar
k Pl
usSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s10
010
810
510
697
109
104
107
107
104
102
107
107
102
9410
210
4(16
)Bo
unty
Allie
d Se
ed10
198
100(
2)Ce
ntur
ySe
ed R
esea
rch
of
Ore
gon
9810
410
1(2)
Chec
kmat
eSe
ed R
esea
rch
of
Ore
gon
102
117
106
108(
3)
Chris
toss
Pros
eeds
Mar
ketin
g92
–Co
mm
and
Seed
Res
earc
h of
O
rego
n87
–
Crow
nD
onle
y Se
ed97
101
105
101(
3)Cr
own
Roya
le
Plus
Don
ley
Seed
108
9710
3(2)
Dev
our
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
97–
Eche
lon
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 97
110
104(
2)El
iseRo
se-A
griS
eed
8698
9894
(3)
Endu
ranc
eD
LF P
icks
eed
101
104
8496
(3)
Exte
ndAl
lied
Seed
107
100
105
108
105(
4)Ha
llmar
kJa
mes
Van
Leeu
wen
102
103
9896
100(
4)Ha
rves
tar
Colu
mbi
a Se
eds
9197
9410
610
010
210
0(6)
Haym
aste
rSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s94
102
9798
(3)
Haym
ate
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
106
103
105(
2)Ic
onSe
ed R
esea
rch
of
Ore
gon
105
9810
2(2) the alfalfa varieties were compared to
Alfagraze, and the fescue varieties were compared to KY31+ instead of the mean of all the commercial varieties. In the horse grazing trials, the fescue varieties were compared to KY31- instead of the mean of all the commercial varieties. Direct, statistical comparisons of variet-ies cannot be made using the summary tables, but these comparisons do help to identify varieties for further consid-eration. Varieties that have performed better than average over many years and at several locations have very stable performance; others may have performed very well in wet years or on particular soil types. These details may influence variety choice, and the information can be found in the yearly reports. See the footnote in each table to determine which yearly report should be referenced.
Summary Selecting a good forage variety is an important first step in establishing a productive stand of forage. Proper management, beginning with seedbed preparation and continuing throughout the life of the stand, is necessary for even the highest-yielding variety to produce to its genetic potential. For more detailed information on yield and grazing toler-ance within species, go to individual 2018 reports on the forage website. See below for specific reports. The forage website (forages.ca.uky.edu) contains all reports from 2001 through 2018.
continued
10
Tabl
e 6.
continued
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Qui
cksa
ndM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)20
031,
220
0620
0720
0920
1120
1220
1320
1420
1520
1620
0220
0420
0620
0820
1020
1220
1520
0320
0520
1020
1320
163-
yr4
4-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
3-yr
4-yr
3-yr
3-yr
2-yr
Inav
ale
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 99
9497
107
99(4
)In
tens
ivBa
renb
rug
102
–La
zuly
Pros
eeds
Mar
ketin
g97
–LG
-31
DLF
Pic
ksee
d92
–Ly
raHo
od R
iver
See
d90
9794
(2)
Meg
abite
Turf
-See
d10
6–
Niv
aD
LF P
icks
eed
81–
Ola
the
DLF
Pic
ksee
d 11
110
611
289
105(
4)Pa
iute
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
8–
Pers
istSm
ith S
eed
123
105
106
107
112
106
100
103
111
9910
110
510
210
110
810
110
210
310
710
5(19
)Po
tom
acPu
blic
103
9697
103
116
100
9298
108
101
9810
294
111
9910
1(15
)Pr
airie
Turn
er S
eed
107
101
109
106
113
123
108
103
111
104
100
104
9910
496
105
107
120
102
103
106(
20)
Prod
igy
Caud
ill S
eed
101
9997
9810
310
195
99(7
)Pr
ofit
Ampa
c Se
ed10
796
9810
396
9789
103
102
102
9611
596
100(
13)
RAD
-LCF
25
Radi
x Re
sear
ch99
102
101(
2)Ru
shm
ore
IIM
ount
ain
View
seed
s99
101
100(
2)Sh
awne
eRo
se-A
griS
eed
86–
Shilo
h II
Pros
eeds
Mar
ketin
g11
7–
SS07
08O
GDT
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
9110
510
010
010
210
0(5)
Take
naSm
ith S
eed
100
–Te
kena
IISm
ith S
eed
110
102
109
106
104
106(
5)Te
kapo
Ampa
c Se
ed91
8182
7882
7680
9886
9282
105
9181
8986
(15)
Trep
osno
Hood
Riv
er S
eed
9299
96(2
)Tu
cker
Ore
gro
Seed
s96
9610
296
8595
(5)
Udde
rIm
prov
ed F
orag
es10
010
710
210
699
103(
5)Va
illia
ntPr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
96–
Visio
nCr
opm
ark
Seed
s63
6765
(2)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal
year
of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
012
was
har
vest
ed 3
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
15 O
rcha
rdgr
ass R
epor
t” ar
chiv
ed in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
3 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
4 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata.
Yield and Grazing Tolerance Reports Individual forage species reports can be found at www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage/ForageVarietyTrials2.htm.
y 2018 Alfalfa Report (PR-743) y 2018 Red and White Clover Report
(PR-744) y 2018 Orchardgrass Report (PR-745) y 2018 Tall Fescue and Bromegrass
Report (PR-746) y 2018 Timothy and Kentucky Blue-
grass Report (PR-747) y 2018 Annual and Perennial Ryegrass
and Festulolium Report (PR-748) y 2018 Alfalfa Grazing Tolerance
Report (PR-749) y 2018 Red and White Clover Grazing
Tolerance Report (PR-750) y 2018 Cool-Season Grass Grazing
Tolerance Report (PR-751) y 2018 Cool-Season Grass Horse
Grazing Report (PR-752) y 2018 Annual Grass Report: Warm
Season and Cool Season (Cereals) (PR-753 )
y 2018 Long-Term Summary of Ken-tucky Forage Variety Trials (PR-754)
About the Authors G.L. Olson is a research special-ist, S.R. Smith and J.C. Henning are Extension professors and forage specialists, and C.D.Teutsch is an Ex-tension associate professor and forage specialist.
11
Tabl
e 7.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y tim
othy
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
18 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
mea
n of
the
com
mer
cial
var
ietie
s in
the
tria
l).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor/
KY D
istr
ibut
or
Lexi
ngto
nQ
uick
sand
Prin
ceto
nM
ean3
(#tr
ials
)00
1,2
0102
0607
0809
1112
1314
1516
9901
0004
2yr4
3yr
4yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
Alm
aN
ewfie
ld S
eeds
Co/
Caud
ill S
eed
Co.
81–
Anjo
Hood
Riv
er S
eed
80–
Auro
roGe
nera
l Fee
d an
d Gr
ain
100
9899
(2)
Barfl
eoBa
renb
rug
USA
9591
101
108
8010
196
(6)
Barp
enta
Bare
nbru
g US
A74
8282
79(3
)Cl
air
Ky A
gric
. Exp
. Sta
tion
104
113
107
9510
710
411
299
9711
110
788
106
122
105(
14)
Clas
sicCe
beco
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds10
086
8691
(3)
Clim
axCa
nada
Agr
. Res
. Sta
tion
7910
210
498
102
100
8296
9010
195
(10)
Colt
FS G
row
mar
k10
510
090
112
9910
1(5)
Com
mon
Publ
ic95
–Co
mtr
alCa
udill
See
d92
9292
(2)
Der
bySo
uthe
rn S
tate
s11
211
110
611
210
811
211
912
311
312
411
4(10
)D
olin
aD
LF P
icks
eed
9990
95(2
)Ex
pres
sSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n95
9197
9595
(4)
Hoku
eiSn
ow B
rand
See
d10
3–
Hoku
sei
Snow
Bra
nd S
eed
9699
98(2
)Jo
liett
eN
ewfie
ld S
eeds
Co/
Caud
ill S
eed
Co.
8689
9088
(3)
Jona
ton
New
field
See
ds C
o/Ca
udill
See
d Co
.84
–KY
Ear
lySm
ith S
eed/
Cent
ral F
arm
Sup
ply
102
103
115
102
119
104
103
107(
7)O
utla
wGr
assla
nd W
est C
ompa
ny10
7–
Rich
mon
dPi
ckse
ed C
anad
a In
c.10
010
310
2(2)
Sum
mer
graz
eBr
ett Y
oung
96–
Sum
mit
Allie
d Se
ed, L
.L.C
.11
2–
Talo
nSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n11
011
210
810
610
910
9(5)
Tenh
oBa
renb
rug
USA
84–
Trea
sure
Seed
Res
earc
h of
Ore
gon
103
115
103
101
108
106(
5)Tu
ndra
DLF
Pic
ksee
d95
–Tu
ukka
Ampa
c Se
ed C
ompa
ny94
8891
9392
(4)
Varis
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
83–
Zeny
atta
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
311
711
0(2)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
012
was
har
vest
ed 3
yea
rs, s
o th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
15 T
imot
hy a
nd K
entu
cky
Blue
gras
s Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
3 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
4 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata.
12
Table 8. Summary of Kentucky bluegrass yield trials at Lexington 2004-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
041,2 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 16 Mean3
(#trials)3yr4 4yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 2yrAdam 1 Radix Research 98 –Barderby Barenbrug USA 94 101 91 98 87 103 101 100 97(8)Big Blue Rose-AgriSeed 82 95 89(2)Common Public 71 66 68 68(3)Ginger ProSeeds Marketing 118 119 114 118 112 107 110 107 95 97 108(10)Kenblue Public 102 133 96 95 118 95 100 106(7)Lato Turf Seed Inc. 122 –Park (certified) Public 90 95 104 127 104(4)RAD-5 Radix Research 103 –RAD-339 Radix Research 101 –RAD-643 Radix Research 94 –RAD-731zx Radix Research 87 –RAD-762 Radix Research 94 –RAD-1039 Radix Research 118 –Tirem DLF Pickseed 80 –
1 Year trial was established2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties.
To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested 3 years, so the final report would be “2015 Timothy and Kentucky Bluegrass Report” archived in the KY Forage website at <forages.ca.uky.edu>.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data
13
Tabl
e 9.
Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y an
nual
ryeg
rass
yie
ld tr
ials
200
0-20
18 (y
ield
show
n as
a p
erce
ntag
e of
the
yiel
d va
lue
of M
arsh
all).
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
n1Pr
ince
ton
Mea
n4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0405
0607
0809
1010
1112
1213
1415
1617
0002
Abun
dant
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
12–
Acro
bat
–Pr
osee
ds M
arke
ting
144
–AE
110
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idPi
ckse
ed U
SA, I
nc.
8910
095
(2)
Amp
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idCo
lum
bia
Seed
s75
–An
dyW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d97
–As
sist
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Sadd
leBu
tte
88–
Atta
inW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es11
152
6990
(2)
Avan
ceW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dD
LF P
icks
eed
107
–Ba
rext
raIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
121
–Ba
rmul
tra
IIIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
133
103
9512
510
811
7(4)
Big
Bang
–Br
ett Y
oung
67–
Big
Boss
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
9886
3873
86(3
)Bi
g D
addy
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idFF
R/So
u. S
t.86
9882
8887
88(5
)Bi
llW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
62–
Bran
gus
Italia
n te
trap
loid
KB S
eedS
olut
ions
94–
Brui
ser
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Ampa
c Se
ed65
105
100
104
8610
010
595
8612
196
(9)
Com
mon
–Pu
blic
8387
85(2
)Ce
ntur
ion
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
9713
210
012
611
4(4)
DH-
3Ita
lian
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
9127
8969
(3)
Dia
mon
d T
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Ore
gro
Seed
s8
–D
ixie
Gol
dW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Caud
ill S
eed
19–
Dom
ino
Italia
n te
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d12
0–
Dyn
a-Ga
inW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
lum
bia
Seed
s71
–Ed
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es96
101
100
98(2
)Fa
ntas
ticW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dAm
pac
Seed
4884
8886
(3)
Feas
t II
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed35
113
109
8193
7147
5688
8093
127
88(1
1)Fl
ying
AW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dO
regr
o Se
eds
3959
–Fo
xIta
lian
dipl
oid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
9–
Fria
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Allie
d Se
ed95
8789
104
8185
9889
(6)
GR-A
S10
Italia
nAm
pac
Seed
113
–Gr
aze-
N-G
roW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R11
467
91(2
)Gr
een
Farm
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es85
–Gu
lfW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dPu
blic
6726
8778
7672
2769
6087
9379
7972
(12)
Herc
ules
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
9168
108
100(
2)HS
-1Ita
lian
dipl
oid
KB S
eedS
olut
ions
72–
Jack
son
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
The
Wax
Co.
6610
062
103
5910
199
106
106
9177
6910
099
9711
390
94(1
5)Ju
mbo
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
112
9410
3(2)
KB R
oyal
Italia
n di
ploi
dKB
See
dSol
utio
ns83
–Ko
gaW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es10
1–
Kosp
eed
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es80
9286
(2)
Kow
inea
rlyW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
9596
96(2
)LH
T-10
2In
term
edia
teAm
pac
Seed
100
–M
arsh
all
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
The
Wax
Co.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
107
100
100
100(
17)
Max
imo
Inte
rmed
iate
tetr
aplo
idPi
ckse
ed U
SA, I
nc.
101
–M
axim
usW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A67
–M
elqu
atro
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Hood
Riv
er S
eed
135
7810
7(2)
continued
14
Tabl
e 9.
continued
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
n1Pr
ince
ton
Mea
n4
(#tr
ials
)03
2,3
0405
0607
0809
1010
1112
1213
1415
1617
0002
Mer
oaW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
9310
298
(2)
MX
108
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idPi
ckse
ed U
SA, I
nc.
9511
410
5(2)
Nel
son
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idTh
e W
ax C
o.86
9365
7710
597
7889
(6)
Ory
xIta
lian
dipl
oid
Hood
Riv
er S
eed
100
–Pa
sser
el P
lus
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
103
–Pr
imec
utW
este
rwol
d br
and
Ore
gro
Seed
s94
–Ri
oW
este
rwol
d di
ploi
d–
9899
99(2
)Sp
ark
tetr
aplo
idD
LF P
icks
eed
–St
ocka
iddi
ploi
d–
82–
Strik
erW
este
rwol
d te
trap
loid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
90–
TAM
TBO
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Tex.
Ag
Exp
Sta.
4710
110
895
7986
(5)
Tam
90
Italia
n di
ploi
dTe
x. A
g Ex
p St
a.49
7888
72(3
)Te
traP
rime
Italia
n te
trap
loid
Mou
ntai
n Vi
ew S
eeds
101
9610
491
106
100(
5)Te
traP
roIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idTe
x. A
g Ex
p St
a.40
–Ti
llage
Root
Max
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Cove
r Cro
p So
lutio
ns82
9086
(2)
Tilla
geM
ax-B
risto
l5W
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
ver C
rop
Solu
tions
9091
91(2
)Ti
llage
Max
-INDY
5W
este
rwol
d di
ploi
dCo
ver C
rop
Solu
tions
8990
90(2
)T-
Rex
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSa
ddle
Butt
e11
–Ug
neIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idHo
od R
iver
See
d10
2–
Verd
ure
Wes
terw
old
tetr
aplo
idSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
8642
5872
(2)
Win
terh
awk
Wes
terw
old
dipl
oid
Ore
gro
Seed
s10
411
792
119
121
111(
5)W
inte
r Sta
rIta
lian
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
99–
Zorro
Italia
n te
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d13
213
413
3(2)
1 In
ann
ual r
yegr
ass,
low
yie
ldin
g va
rietie
s usu
ally
resu
lt fro
m w
inte
rkill
. Not
e: D
ue to
seve
re w
inte
rkill
, yie
ld re
sults
from
the
2006
and
201
3 pl
antin
gs w
ere
not i
nclu
ded
in th
e ov
eral
l mea
n.
2 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.3
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
fora
ge y
ield
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual y
ield
s, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
5 w
as h
arve
sted
1 y
ear,
so th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
16 A
nnua
l and
Per
enni
al
Ryeg
rass
and
Fes
tulo
lium
Rep
ort”
arch
ived
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.4
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.5
Thes
e ar
e Ti
llage
Root
Max
that
incl
uded
crim
son
clov
er a
nd/o
r till
age
radi
sh.
15
Tabl
e 10
. Sum
mar
y of
Ken
tuck
y pe
renn
ial r
yegr
ass y
ield
tria
ls 2
000-
2018
(yie
ld sh
own
as a
per
cent
age
of th
e m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean3,
4
(#tr
ials
)01
1,2
0304
0506
0708
0910
1112
1314
1516
0002
0003
2yr5
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
Aire
sdi
ploi
dAm
pac
Seed
9593
94(2
)Al
bion
tetr
aplo
idGr
assla
nds O
rego
n10
510
310
4(2)
Amaz
onte
trap
loid
AgriB
ioTe
ch99
107
103(
2)An
acon
date
trap
loid
Caud
ill S
eed
9510
399
(2)
Aubi
sque
tetr
aplo
idSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R14
499
122(
2)Ba
ndit
tetr
aplo
idGr
assla
nd W
est
106
114
110(
2)Ba
rvitr
adi
ploi
dBa
renb
rug
USA
104
–Ba
stio
n C-
2te
trap
loid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
91–
Best
for
tetr
aplo
idIm
prov
ed F
orag
es11
310
712
011
3(3)
Best
for P
lus
hybr
id te
trap
loid
Impr
oved
For
ages
116
108
118
136
120(
4)BG
-34
dipl
oid
Bare
nbru
g US
A83
8586
8784
8581
84(7
)Bi
son
hybr
id te
trap
loid
Inte
rnat
iona
l See
ds14
0–
Boos
tte
trap
loid
Allie
d Se
ed13
012
512
014
311
010
310
211
9(7)
Boxe
rte
trap
loid
AgriB
ioTe
ch10
6–
Calib
rate
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d96
109
8199
103
9687
100
9611
298
(10)
CAS
MP6
4di
ploi
dCa
scad
e In
tern
atio
nal
97–
Cita
del
tetr
aplo
idAg
Can
ada
9411
310
310
3(3)
Crav
ete
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed95
–D
erby
–Pu
blic
74–
Elen
a D
Ste
trap
loid
Allie
d Se
ed11
011
111
1(2)
Euro
star
tetr
aplo
idSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
R11
2–
Ever
last
dipl
oid
Caud
ill S
eed
104
–Fe
eder
dipl
oid
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
76–
Gran
d D
addy
tetr
aplo
idSm
ith S
eed
118
101
109
7692
8486
107
111
98(9
)Gr
een
Gold
tetr
aplo
idGr
assla
nds O
rego
n96
–He
rbal
–Pr
oSee
ds M
arke
ting
77–
Impr
essa
riote
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
792
100(
2)Ke
ntau
rte
trap
loid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d10
611
711
2(2)
Lact
alte
trap
loid
Bret
t You
ng10
2–
Lass
odi
ploi
dD
LF P
icks
eed
98–
LHT-
102
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
114
–Li
nn (c
ertifi
ed)
dipl
oid
Publ
ic98
9810
298
8584
101
9293
8095
8389
8287
8877
90(1
7)M
anha
tten
dipl
oid
–85
–M
ara
dipl
oid
Bare
nbru
g US
A85
–M
atrix
dipl
oid
Crop
mar
k se
eds
7764
–M
aver
ick
Gold
hybr
id te
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed97
7184
(2)
Mel
petr
ate
trap
loid
Hood
Riv
er S
eed
84–
Ora
ntas
dipl
oid
DLF
Pic
ksee
d82
–O
rtet
tetr
aplo
idO
regr
o Se
eds
114
–Pa
yDay
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
110
399
8898
(4)
Polly
IIte
trap
loid
FS G
row
mar
k11
012
511
8(2)
Polly
Plu
shy
brid
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
6460
62(2
)Po
wer
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
110
103
102
100
109
104
9510
110
710
4(9)
Polim
tetr
aplo
idD
LF P
icks
eed
106
–Q
uart
erm
aste
rte
trap
loid
Radi
x Re
sear
ch12
2–
continued
16
Tabl
e 10
. continued
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Bow
ling
Gre
enM
ean3,
4
(#tr
ials
)01
1,2
0304
0506
0708
0910
1112
1314
1516
0002
0003
2yr5
2yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
3yr
3yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
2yr
2yr
3yr
2yr
2yr
Qua
rtet
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
9756
4611
378
(4)
RAD
-CPS
212
hybr
id te
trap
loid
Radi
x Re
sear
ch13
4–
RAD
-MI1
25hy
brid
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds12
0–
Rem
ingt
onte
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A95
117
109
107(
3)Re
min
gton
PLU
S N
EA2
tetr
aplo
idBa
renb
rug
USA
119
9910
9(2)
Sier
radi
ploi
dLe
wis
Seed
Co.
89–
Tetr
aGai
nte
trap
loid
Pure
See
d11
1–
Tetr
aMag
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds11
013
612
812
5(3)
Tetr
aSw
eet
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
dsTo
nga
tetr
aplo
idKi
ngs A
griS
eeds
9610
310
210
0(3)
Vers
eka
tetr
aplo
idAl
lied
Seed
75–
Vict
oria
ndi
ploi
dCa
udill
See
d10
483
94(2
)Ya
tsyn
dipl
oid
Bare
nbru
g US
A89
–1
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
2 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n fo
rage
yie
ld b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l yie
lds,
look
in th
e ye
arly
re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
2 w
as h
arve
sted
3 y
ears
, so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Ann
ual a
nd P
eren
nial
Rye
gras
s and
Fes
tulo
lium
Rep
ort”
arch
ived
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
In p
eren
nial
ryeg
rass
, low
yie
ldin
g va
rietie
s usu
ally
resu
lt fro
m w
inte
rkill
or s
umm
er m
orta
lity.
5 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata
17
Table 11. Summary of Kentucky festulolium yield trials 2001-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).1
Variety Type2 Proprietor
LexingtonMean5
(#trials)20013,4 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
2yr6 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 3yr 2yr 3yr 2yr 3yr 2yrAgula MF x IR Allied Seed 94 –Barfest MF x PR Barenbrug USA 105 101 107 119 91 92 91 101(7)Bonus MF x IR Allied Seed 93 46 32 34 51(4)Duo MF x PR Ampac Seed 89 98 99 95 106 103 96 96 83 82 95(10)Felina (TF x IR) x TF DLF Pickseed 104 132 118 134 114 96 116(6)Fojtan (TF x IR) x TF DLF Pickseed 112 101 124 92 72 94 96 99(7)Gain MF x IR Allied Seed 103 77 52 75 77(4)Hostyn MF xIR DLF Pickseed 107 110 106 112 109(4)Hykor (TF x IR) x TF DLF Pickseed 133 141 153 131 119 121 112 130(7)InaMerlin MF x IR Hood River Seed 84 −Lofa (TF x Int) x Int DLF Pickseed 105 107 110 128 112 91 109 109(7)Mahulena (TF x IR) x TF DLF Pickseed 131 109 107 113 115(4)Meadow Green − Pure Seed 37 34 36(2)Perseus MF x IR DLF Pickseed 132 114 126 123 110 109 109 118(7)Perun MF x IR DLF Pickseed 127 114 107 131 110 102 100 113(7)Rebab (TFxIR) xTF DLF Pickseed 94 77 86(2)Spring Green MF x PR Turf-Seed 96 111 114 101 113 112 114 110 103 107 91 107(11)Sweet Tart MF x IR ProSeeds
Marketing88 82 63 62 74(4)
1 The festuloliums were in fescue trials from 2001-2005 and in perennial ryegrass trials from 2008-2009.2 MF=meadow fescue, TF=tall fescue, IR=Italian ryegrass, PR=perennial ryegrass, Int=intermediate ryegrass.3 Year trial was established.4 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield between
varieties. To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested 3 years, so the final report would be “2015 Annual and Perennial Ryegrass and Festulolium Report” archived in the KY Forage website at <forages.ca.uky.edu>.
5 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.6 Number of years of data
Table 12. Summary of Kentucky bromegrass yield trials at Lexington 2006-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety TypeProprietor/KY Distributor
20061,2 2008 2010 2012 2014 2015 2016 Mean3
(#trials)4-yr4 3-yr 3-yr 3-yr 3-yr 3-yr 2-yrAC Knowles hybrid Agriculture Canada 85 82 102 89 89(4)Admiral meadow Cisco Seeds 104 −ARID meadow Mountain View Seeds 97 −Bigfoot hybrid Grassland Oregon 108 116 105 110(3)Canterbury mountain Barenbrug USA 79 −Carlton smooth Pickseed USA 82 95 91(2)Doina smooth Barenbrug USA 114 108 111(2)Fleet meadow Agriculture Canada 110 109 110(2)Hakari Alaska Barenbrug USA 85 85 85(2)MacBeth meadow Cisco Seeds 136 119 107 116 107 104 115(6)Olga smooth Barenbrug USA 116 101 109(2()Peak smooth Allied Seed 97 100 93 95 96(4)Persister prairie DLF Pickseed 72 −RAD-BI29 smooth Columbia Seeds 96 86 91(2)
1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in forage yield
between varieties. To find actual yields, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific trial. For example, the Lexington trial planted in 2012 was harvested 3 years, so the final report would be “2015 Tall Fescue and Brome Report” archived in the KY Forage website at <forages.ca.uky.edu>.
3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 Number of years of data
18
Table 14. Summary of Kentucky sorghum-sudangrass yield trials 2008-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
Lexington Princeton20081,2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2017 2018 Mean3
(#trials)All trials are 1 year yieldsAS6402 BMR4 (Brachytic Dwarf )
Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 91 78 82 98 98 89(4)
AS6503 BMR Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 96 103 90 96(3)AS6504 BMR (Dry Stalk) Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 105 103 114 112 109(4)FSG 208 BMR Farm Science Genetics 75 −FSG 214 BMR Farm Science Genetics 99 108 112 109 111 108(5)FSG 215 BMR Farm Science Genetics 112 −Greengrazer V Farm Science Genetics 166 122 107 92 103 110 117(6)GW300 BMR Gayland Ward Seed 88 78 88 81 73 101 100 98 79 87(9)HyGain Turner Seed 104 105 118 110 127 117 130 108 115(8)KFSugar-Pro55S Byron Seed 110 −MS 202 BMR Farm Science Genetics 106 −Nutra-King BMR Gayland Ward Seed 110 108 96 113 108 114 108(6)NutraPlus BMR Public 106 97 94 103 106 109 106 96 102(8)Sordan Headless Chromatin 105 −Special Effort Public 109 110 93 94 115 120 91 111 105(8)SS211 Southern States 104 93 114 103 118 111 121 118 109 87 108(10)SS220 BMR Southern States 107 84 112 101(3)Surpass BMR Turner Seed 81 80 64 79 84 75 88 97 81(8)Super Sugar Gayland Ward Seed 102 117 107 125 85 91 105(6)Super Sugar BMR Gayland Ward Seed 107 −Super Sugar (Delayed Maturity)
Gayland Ward Seed 101 82 89 104 95 83 92(6)
Super Sugar Sterile Gayland Ward Seed 94 −Sweet-For-Ever Gayland Ward Seed 110 107 81 99(3)Sweet-For-Ever BMR Gayland Ward Seed 78 70 77 104 106 83 77 82 85(8)SweetSix BMR Gayland Ward Seed 93 101 91 95(3)SweetSix BMR (Dry Stalk) Gayland Ward Seed 102 72 107 103 108 98(5)Vita-Cane Gayland Ward Seed 121 −
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences in forage yield between
varieties.3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into higher quality.
Table 13. Summary of Kentucky sudangrass yield trials 2008-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
Lexington PrincetonMean3
(#trials)20081,2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2017 2018
All trials are 1 year yieldsAS9301 BMR4 Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 118 −AS9302 BMR (Brachytic Dwarf ) Alta Seeds/Ramer Seed 124 104 119 117 116(4)Enorma BMR Cal/West Seeds 99 94 92 91 83 91 98 93(7)FSG 1000 BMR Farm Science Genetics 101 124 110 112(3)Hayking BMR Central Farm Supply 111 112 91 97 97 96 92 94 90 80 109 99 97(12)Monarch V Public 104 96 102 97 93 98 110 99 82 98(9)Piper Public 90 91 97 94 104 105 89 94 85 81 86 86 99 92(13)ProMax BMR Ampac Seed 95 101 110 115 96 103 100 111 111 106 102 96 84 102(13)SS130 BMR Cal/West Seeds 101 103 107 106 110 109 99 105(7)Trudan Headless Chromatin 118 −
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences in forage yield between
varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into higher quality.
19
Table 17. Summary of Kentucky teff yield trials 2008-2016 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
Variety
Princeton LexingtonMean3
(#trials)20081,2 2009 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
All trials are 1 year yieldsCorvallis 94 112 81 101 91 101 96 100 110 96 102 99(11)Dessie 102 87 99 92 96 94 95 97 101 104 105 97(11)Excaliber 109 111 109 104 125 108 106 103 109(8)Highveld 111 115 100 121 106 101 109 103 102 108(9)HorseCandi 91 84 99 105 89 108 94 97 80 104 82 94(11)Moxie 94 96 105 107 101(4)Pharaoh 95 101 105 85 106 106 97 101 93 97 94 98(11)Rooiberg 102 107 112 109 113 108 115 102 88 106(9)Summer Delight 90 91 96 88 93 100 119 101 104 98(9)Tiffany 102 106 102 93 82 93 102 98 104 97 105 99(11)VA T1 Brown 89 99 87 91 94 98 104 97 101 96(9)Velvet 94 100 97 98 95 103 95 99 100 98(9)Witkope 94 100 93 101 115 103 101 104 107 102(9)
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences in forage yield
between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.
Table 15. Summary of Kentucky pearl millet yield trials 2013-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
Lexington PrincetonMean3
(#trials)20131,2 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2017 2018
All trials are 1 year yieldsFSG 300 Hybrid Farm Science Genetics 109 99 109 117 109(4)FSG 315 BMR4 (Dwarf ) Farm Science Genetics 101 102 81 97 95(4)Leafy22 Hybrid Turner Seed 105 124 108 115 100 110(4)Pennleaf Hybrid Pennington Seed 93 91 94 96 87 98 84 93 92(8)PP102M Hybrid Cisco Seeds 93 93 90 79 90 91 77 104 90(8)SS501 Southern States 90 99 96 86 94 94 89 96 93(8)SS635 Southern States 108 112 101 116 94 110 107 115 108(8)Sweet Summer Cisco Seeds 86 85 86(2)Tifleaf III Hybrid Gayland Ward Seed 116 106 108 116 120 113 114 112 113(8)Wonderleaf Alta Seed 100 –
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences in
forage yield between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into higher quality.
Table 16. Summary of Kentucky forage sorghum yield trials 2013-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/KY Distributor
Lexington Mean3
(#trials)20131,2 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018AF7201 BMR4 Alta Seed/Ramer Seed 89 81 101 89 90(4)AF7401 BMR (Brachytic Dwarf ) Alta Seed/Ramer Seed 76 94 90 83 86 72 84(6)Ensilemaster Caudill Seed 125 90 101 106 111 129 110(6)FSG114 BMR Farm Science Genetics 94 128 93 125 91 106(5)FSG115 BMR (Brachytic Dwarf ) Farm Science Genetics 51 31 72 81 74 62(5)GW2120 Gayland Ward Seed 117 89 113 84 107 88 100(6)GW400 BMR Gayland Ward Seed 93 79 128 78 91 88 93(6)GW475 BMR Gayland Ward Seed 80 –GW600 BMR Gayland Ward Seed 107 111 90 90 100(4)KFFiber-Pro70FS Byron Seed 65 53 59(2)NK300 Chromatin 126 110 101 116 135 118(5)SD1741 BMR Chromatin 133 92 103 81 84 99(5)SilageKing BMR (Dwarf ) Gayland Ward Seed 48 –SiloPro BMR (Dwarf ) Gayland Ward Seed 24 74 63 54(3)SS405 Chromatin 188 183 207 138 202 184(5)XF7203 BMR (Brachytic Dwarf ) Alta Seed/Ramer Seed 74 73 74(2)1990 Chromatin 121 89 118 125 177 126(5)
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to determine statistical differences in
forage yield between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.4 BMR (Brown Mid-rib) means that a variety has been developed to produce lower amounts of lignin which usually translates into higher
quality.
20
Table 19. Summary of 2002-2018 Kentucky white clover grazing tolerance trials with 2 or more years of data in Lexington (stand persistence shown as a percent of the mean of the commercial varieties in the test).
Variety Type Proprietor20021,2 2004 20063 2006 20084 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Mean5
(#trials)2yr6 4yr 2yr 2yr 3yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 4yr 3yr 3yr 2yrAlice Intermediate Barenbrug
USA59 98 93 97 95 88(5)
Barblanca Intermediate Barenbrug USA
118 91 151 120(3)
Canterbury Dutch Allied Seed 51 93 72(2)Colt Intermediate Seed Research
of OR114 134 122 123(3)
Crescendo Ladino Cal/West 84 72 78(2)Durana Intermediate Pennington 83 105 103 115 102 107 126 86 81 113 108 108 103(12)GWC-AS10 − Ampac Seed 77 –Insight Ladino Allied Seed 77 –Ivory Intermediate DLF Pickseed 132 142 137(2)Ivory II Intermediate DLF Pickseed 102 –Kopu II Intermediate Ampac Seed 77 122 96 93 113 112 86 106 93 107 100 100(11)KY Select Intermediate KY Agr Ex. Sta. 105 83 94(2)Neches − Barenbrug
USA100 –
Patriot Intermediate Pennington 110 137 122 100 111 110 123 102 132 109 111 105 114(12)Pinnacle Ladino Allied Seed 87 –Rampart − Oregro Seeds 90 –Regal Ladino Public 92 57 54 93 103 80(5)Regal Graze Ladino Cal/West 84 87 105 90 87 93 72 94 81 102 86 90 89(12)Renovation Intermediate Smith Seed 102 100 91 98(3)Resolute Intermediate Southern
States101 106 65 91(3)
Seminole Ladino Saddle Butte Ag. Inc.
75 97 91 89 85 97(5)
Tillman II Ladino Caudill Seed 92 –WBDX Dutch Saddle Butte
Ag. Inc.70 –
Will Ladino Allied Seed 117 87 107 105 108 143 115 133 157 111 101 102 116(12)1 Year trial was established.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific yearly reports to determine statistical differences in stand persistence between
varieties. To find actual persistence ratings, look in the yearly report for the final year of each specific test. For example, the trial planted in 2010 was grazed for 4 years so the final persistence report would be “2014 Red and White Clover Grazing Tolerance Report” archived in the KY Forage website at <forages.ca.uky.edu>.
3 This trial was planted in the spring of 2006 due to poor establishment of the fall 2005 planting.4 This trial was planted in the spring of 2008 due to poor establishment of the fall 2007 planting.5 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.6 Number of years of data.
Table 18. Summary of Kentucky spring planted spring oats yield trials 2015-2018 (yield shown as a percentage of the mean of the commercial varieties in the trial).
VarietyProprietor/Distributor
20151,2 2016 2017 2018 Mean3
(#trials)All trials are 1 year yieldsCCSO-102 Caldbeck Consulting 95 –CCSO-120 (black hulled) Caldbeck Consulting 106 – Common Central Farm Supply 89 – Excel Ag. Alumni Seed, IN 120 101 111 107 110(4)Jerry Caudill Seed 107 93 103 99 101(4)Persik (black hulled) Caldbeck Consulting 112 114 127 118(3)PST-241 Caldbeck Consulting 91 86 86 86 87(4)PST5O200 Caldbeck Consulting 102 90 87 79 90(4)PST5O-288C Caldbeck Consulting 91 102 88 97 95(4)Reins Ag. Alumni Seed, IN 94 102 98(2)Robust Ag. Alumni Seed, IN 104 111 117 102 109(4)Saber Ag. Alumni Seed, IN 104 100 102(2)VNK Public 97 107 101 102(2)021A17815 Ag. Alumni Seed, IN 97 108 87 97(3)
1 Establishment year.2 Use this summary table as a guide in making variety decisions, but refer to specific tables in this report to
determine statistical differences in forage yield between varieties. 3 Mean only presented when respective variety was included in two or more trials.
21
Tabl
e 20
. Sum
mar
y of
199
8-20
18 K
entu
cky
alfa
lfa g
razi
ng tr
ials
with
2 o
r mor
e ye
ars o
f dat
a in
Lex
ingt
on (s
tand
per
sist
ence
show
n as
a p
erce
nt o
f the
gra
zing
tole
rant
Alfa
graz
e).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Varie
ty C
hara
cter
istic
s1Le
ton
Mea
n5
(#tr
ials
)FD
Dis
ease
Res
ista
nce2
1998
3,4
2000
2000
2001
2004
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2016
BwFw
AnPR
RAP
H3y
r62y
r3y
r3y
r4y
r4y
r3y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r3y
r2y
rAB
T 35
0W
-L R
esea
rch
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
46–
ABT
405
W-L
Res
earc
h4
HRHR
HRHR
R46
100
73(2
)Al
fagr
aze
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa2
MR
RM
RR
–10
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
010
0(15
)Al
fagr
aze
300
RRAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
3HR
RHR
HRHR
110
–Al
fagr
aze
600
RRAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
6–
RHR
RR
12–
Amer
igra
ze 4
01+Z
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
R56
2685
125
73(4
)Am
erist
and
403T
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR14
114
450
9114
411
865
108(
7)Am
erist
and
403T
Plus
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
HRHR
HRHR
HR13
390
116
113(
3)Am
erist
and
407T
QAm
eric
a’s A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
136
5080
89(3
)Ap
ollo
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa4
RR
RR
–47
1731
2536
2725
1727
7055
8624
37(1
3)Ar
cher
III
Amer
ica’s
Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR33
8358
(2)
Bara
lfa 5
4Ba
renb
rug
USA
–R
HRHR
HRHR
78–
Bulld
og-5
05Un
iv. o
f GA
5–
HR–
R–
144
100
5710
0(3)
FK 4
21D
onle
y Se
ed C
o.4
HRH
H H
H 10
0–
Feas
tGa
rst S
eeds
3HR
HRHR
HRR
8792
90(2
)Go
ld P
lus
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRR
81–
Graz
ekin
gSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s5
MR
HRHR
RS
50–
Hayg
raze
rGr
eat P
lain
s Re
sear
ch4
HRHR
RR
MR
38–
Inte
grity
PGI A
lfalfa
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
172
–Le
genD
airy
5.0
Crop
lan
Gene
tics
3HR
HRHR
HRHR
087
44(2
)PG
I 424
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
45–
PGI 4
59Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e4
HRHR
HRHR
HR17
9355
(2)
Pion
eer 9
8Pi
onee
r3
HRR
HRR
–56
–Pr
oGro
MBS
Inc.
4HR
HRR
HRM
R81
–Re
bel
Targ
et S
eed
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
79–
Rugg
edTa
rget
See
d3
HRHR
HRHR
HR14
6–
Sara
nac
AR (c
ert.)
Publ
ic4
MR
RHR
LR–
100
–Sp
redo
r 3Sy
ngen
ta1
HRHR
RM
RS
7568
72(2
)Sp
redo
r 4Sy
ngen
ta2
HRHR
HRHR
R25
–TS
400
7Pr
oduc
ers C
hoic
e4
HRR
HRHR
HR82
–TS
401
0/A4
535
Prod
ucer
s Cho
ice
4HR
RHR
HRHR
8314
512
011
6(3)
Trip
le Tr
ust 4
50AB
I/Am
eric
a’s
Alfa
lfa5
HRHR
HRHR
HR14
5–
Win
terg
reen
ABI A
lfalfa
3HR
HRHR
HRR
72–
WL
326G
ZW
-L R
esea
rch
4HR
HRHR
HRHR
88–
115
Bran
dM
onsa
nto
3HR
HRR
HRR
5685
71(2
)54
32Pi
onee
r4
HRHR
–M
R–
51–
1 Va
riety
cha
ract
erist
ics:
FD=f
all d
orm
ancy
, Bw
=bac
teria
l wilt
, Fw
=fus
ariu
m w
ilt, A
n=an
thra
cnos
e, P
RR=p
hyto
phth
era
root
rot,
APH-
apha
nom
yces
root
rot.
Info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
by
seed
com
pani
es.
2 D
iseas
e re
sista
nce:
S=s
usce
ptib
le, L
R=lo
w re
sista
nce,
MR=
mod
erat
e re
sista
nce,
R=r
esist
ance
, HR=
high
resis
tanc
e.3
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed
4 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n st
and
pers
isten
ce b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To fi
nd a
ctua
l per
siste
nce
ratin
gs, l
ook
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
test
. For
exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
011
was
gra
zed
for 4
yea
rs so
fina
l per
siste
nce
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2015
Alfa
lfa G
razi
ng To
lera
nce
Repo
rt” a
rchi
ved
in th
e KY
Fo
rage
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.5
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.6
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a
22
Tabl
e 21
. Sum
mar
y of
200
0-20
18 K
entu
cky
tall
fesc
ue g
razi
ng to
lera
nce
tria
ls w
ith th
ree
or m
ore
year
s of d
ata
(sta
nd p
ersi
sten
ce sh
own
as a
per
cent
of t
he st
and
ratin
g of
the
endo
phyt
e in
fect
ed v
arie
ty K
Y 31
+).
Varie
tyEn
doph
yte
Stat
us1
Prop
rieto
r
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Mea
n4
(#tr
ials
)20
002,
320
0120
0220
0320
0420
0520
0620
0720
0820
0920
1020
1120
1220
1320
1420
1520
024y
r54y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r3y
r4y
rAd
vanc
e M
axQ
nove
lPe
nnin
gton
See
d94
–Ba
gual
afre
eAl
lied
Seed
98–
Baria
nefre
eBa
renb
rug
USA
8975
4729
60(4
)Ba
rElit
efre
eBa
renb
rug
USA
96–
Baro
lex
free
Bare
nbru
g US
A78
101
8688
(3)
BarO
ptim
a PL
US E
34no
vel
Bare
nbru
g US
A10
097
9810
098
100
100
100
99(8
)Br
onso
nfre
eAm
pac
Seed
9898
98(2
)Bu
llfre
eCa
udill
See
d96
–Ca
jun
IIfre
eSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
9897
9998
(3)
Catt
le C
lub
free
Gree
n Se
ed93
9192
(2)
Carm
ine
free
DLF
-Jen
ks90
–Co
wgi
rlfre
eRo
se A
gri-S
eed
9999
99(2
)D
omin
ate
free
Allie
d Se
ed97
–D
rove
rfre
eBa
renb
rug
USA
99–
Fest
ival
free
Pick
seed
Wes
t10
010
189
97(3
)FS
G 40
2TF
free
Farm
Ser
vice
Gen
etic
s99
–Fl
ouris
hfre
eAl
lied
Seed
98–
Golia
thfre
eAm
pac
Seed
98–
Hoed
own
free
DLF
-Jen
ks88
–H
yMar
kfre
eFr
aser
See
ds95
100
98(2
)Je
sup
Max
Qno
vel
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
103
9768
102
9797
9998
100
9999
9999
105
97(1
4)Jo
hnst
one
free
Pros
eeds
92–
KY31
+to
xic
KY A
gri.
Exp
Sta.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100(
17)
KY31
-fre
eKY
Agr
i. Ex
p St
a.98
103
9810
083
101
100
9899
9910
010
099
100
9910
599
(16)
Koka
nee
free
Ampa
c Se
ed43
–La
cefie
ld M
axQ
IIno
vel
Penn
ingt
on S
eed
8210
299
9898
9710
099
100
97(9
)M
axim
ize
free
Rose
Agr
i-See
d99
–N
anry
ofre
eJa
pane
se G
rass
land
Fo
r.See
d10
0–
Ory
gun
free
–99
–Re
solu
tefre
eAm
pac
Seed
23–
Sele
ctfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s10
710
110
010
067
100
9395
9710
010
099
9999
100
9897
(16)
SS07
05TF
SLfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s10
010
0–
Star
graz
erfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s86
8979
(4)
Stoc
kman
free
Seed
Res
. of O
R10
2–
Texo
ma
Max
Q II
nove
lPe
nnin
gton
See
d88
100
9895
(3)
Tusc
any
IIfre
eSe
ed R
es. o
f OR
101
–Ve
rdan
tfre
eAm
.Gra
ss S
eed
97–
1 Fr
ee-v
arie
ties t
hat d
o no
t con
tain
an
endo
phyt
e. To
xic-
KY31
+ co
ntai
ns a
toxi
c en
doph
yte.
Nov
el-v
arie
ties t
hat c
onta
in a
n en
doph
yte
that
aid
s per
siste
nce
but i
s not
toxi
c to
cat
tle.
2 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.3
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
stan
d pe
rsist
ence
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual
pers
isten
ce ra
tings
, loo
k in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
in 2
010
was
gra
zed
4 ye
ars s
o th
e fin
al re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
14 C
ool-
Seas
on G
rass
Gra
zing
Tole
ranc
e Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
4 M
ean
only
pre
sent
ed w
hen
resp
ectiv
e va
riety
was
incl
uded
in tw
o or
mor
e tr
ials.
5 N
umbe
r of y
ears
of d
ata
23
Tabl
e 22
. Sum
mar
y of
200
0-20
18 K
entu
cky
orch
ardg
rass
gra
zing
tole
ranc
e tr
ials
with
thre
e or
mor
e ye
ars o
f dat
a (s
tand
per
sist
ence
show
n as
a p
erce
nt o
f the
mea
n of
th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor
Lexi
ngto
nPr
ince
ton
Mea
n4
(#tr
ials
)20
001,
220
0120
0220
0320
0420
053
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
320
1420
1520
024y
r54y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r3y
r4y
rAb
erto
pPe
nnin
gton
See
d38
–Al
bert
Univ
. of W
iscon
sin11
5–
Amba
DLF
-Jen
ks71
–Am
bros
iaPe
nnin
gton
See
d94
–At
hos
DLF
-Jen
ks93
60–
Benc
hmar
kSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s11
812
311
413
312
2(4)
Benc
hmar
k Pl
usSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s12
015
213
510
610
610
811
514
615
413
312
2(8)
Boon
ePu
blic
102
–Co
mm
and
Seed
Res
earc
h of
OR
81–
Crow
n Ro
yale
Don
ley
Seed
100
–Cr
own
Roya
le P
lus
Don
ley
Seed
124
8310
4(2)
Elise
Pure
See
d97
–Ha
llmar
kJa
mes
Van
Leeu
wen
115
113
8310
4(3)
Harv
esta
rCo
lum
bia
Seed
s75
8994
5134
73(4
)Ha
ymat
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s53
115
100
118
8394
(5)
Inte
nsiv
Bare
nbru
g US
A51
–M
amm
oth
DLF
-Jen
ks11
5–
Meg
abite
Turf
See
d77
–N
iva
DLF
-Jen
ks76
8380
(2)
Pers
istSm
ith S
eed
138
107
103
100
9611
510
212
310
910
8(7)
Poto
mac
(cer
tified
)Pu
blic
116
119
9811
711
3(4)
Prai
rieTu
rner
See
d12
712
194
131
9010
083
103(
6)Pr
odig
yCa
udill
See
d10
911
9–
Profi
leSc
ott S
eed
116
–Pr
ofit
Ampa
c Se
ed95
9910
294
9590
8494
(6)
Teka
poAm
pac
Seed
5574
118
5010
395
105
106
8066
6381
100
89(1
1)Ta
kena
Smith
See
d 99
–Se
coSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s85
–SS
0708
OGD
TSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s12
812
812
8(2)
1 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.2
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
stan
d pe
rsist
ence
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
fin
d ac
tual
per
siste
nce
ratin
gs, l
ook
in th
e ye
arly
repo
rt fo
r the
fina
l yea
r of e
ach
spec
ific
tria
l. Fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e Le
ton
tria
l pla
nted
in 2
010
was
gra
zed
4 ye
ars s
o th
e fin
al
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2014
Coo
l-Sea
son
Gras
s Gra
zing
Tole
ranc
e Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
3 D
ue to
hig
h va
riatio
n du
ring
2005
and
201
3 tr
ials
thes
e va
lues
are
not
incl
uded
in th
e ov
eral
l mea
n4
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.5
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
aSt
and
thin
ning
may
hav
e be
en g
reat
er fo
r pre
ferre
d va
rietie
s due
to c
lose
r gra
zing
. See
indi
vidu
al tr
ial t
able
s for
pre
fere
nce
ratin
gs.
24
Tabl
e 23
. Sum
mar
y of
200
0-20
18 K
entu
cky
pere
nnia
l rye
gras
s and
fest
ulol
ium
(FL)
gra
zing
tole
ranc
e tr
ials
with
thre
e or
mor
e ye
ars o
f dat
a in
Lex
ingt
on (s
tand
pe
rsis
tenc
e sh
own
as a
per
cent
of t
he m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyTy
pePr
oprie
tor
2000
1,2
2001
2003
2007
2008
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Mea
n3
(#tr
ials
)4y
r43y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r4y
r3y
rAG
RLP1
03−
AgRe
sear
ch U
SA12
886
107(
2)Al
bion
tetr
aplo
idGr
assla
nd O
rego
n11
3–
Arie
sdi
ploi
dAm
pac
Seed
139
–Ba
rfest
(FL)
MF
x PR
6Ba
renb
rug
USA
116
112
114(
2)Ba
rvitr
adi
ploi
dBa
renb
rug
USA
34–
Boos
tte
trap
loid
Allie
d Se
ed10
183
9510
496
(4)
Calib
rate
trap
loid
DLF
Inte
rnat
iona
l12
088
101
103(
3)Ci
tade
lte
trap
loid
Don
ley
Seed
107
–D
uo (F
L)M
F x
PR6
Ampa
c Se
ed11
695
7290
115
8295
(6)
Gran
d D
addy
tetr
aplo
idSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
121
8210
081
103
8511
598
(7)
Lass
odi
ploi
dD
LF-J
enks
130
–Li
nn (c
ertifi
ed)
dipl
oid
Publ
ic11
212
963
9510
895
103
9680
7395
(10)
Mav
eric
kte
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed36
–M
eado
w G
reen
(FL)
MF
xIR6
Pure
See
d15
–Pa
yDay
tetr
aplo
idM
ount
ain
View
See
ds10
185
93(2
)Po
lly II
tetr
aplo
idFS
Gro
wm
ark
3668
52(2
)Po
wer
tetr
aplo
idAm
pac
Seed
158
107
112
109
8979
103
108(
7)Q
uart
ette
trap
loid
Ampa
c Se
ed77
5968
(2)
Rem
ingt
onte
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A15
113
814
214
0(2)
Rem
ingt
on P
LUS
NEA
25te
trap
loid
Bare
nbru
g US
A14
513
714
1(2)
Sprin
g Gr
een
(FL)
MF
x PR
6Ro
se A
gri-S
eed
101
109
115
115
120
100
110(
6)Te
traG
ain
tetr
aplo
idPu
re S
eed
112
–Vi
ctor
ian
dipl
oid
Caud
ill S
eed
114
–1
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
2 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n st
and
pers
isten
ce b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To
find
actu
al p
ersis
tenc
e ra
tings
, loo
k in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
0 w
as g
raze
d 4
year
s so
the
final
re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
14 C
ool-S
easo
n Gr
ass G
razi
ng To
lera
nce
Repo
rt” a
rchi
ved
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.3
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.4
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a5
Rem
ingt
on P
LUS
NEA
2 co
ntai
ns a
non
-tox
ic (n
ovel
) end
ophy
te.
6 M
F=m
eado
w fe
scue
, PR=
pere
nnia
l rye
gras
s, IR
=Ita
lian
ryeg
rass
.
25
Tabl
e 24
. Sum
mar
y of
199
9-20
18 K
entu
cky
tall
fesc
ue h
orse
gra
zing
tole
ranc
e tr
ials
with
thre
e or
mor
e ye
ars o
f dat
a in
Lex
ingt
on (s
tand
per
sist
ence
show
n as
a p
erce
nt o
f the
stan
d ra
ting
of th
e en
doph
yte
free
var
iety
KY
31-).
Varie
tyEn
doph
yte
Stat
us1
Prop
rieto
r/KY
Dis
trib
utor
1999
2,3
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Mea
n4
(#tr
ials
)3-
yr5
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
3-yr
BarO
ptim
a PL
US E
346
nove
lBa
renb
rug
USA
107
101
101
9510
499
9910
1(6)
Bron
son
free
Ampa
c Se
ed80
−Ca
jun
IIfre
eSm
ith S
eed
Serv
ices
96−
Catt
le C
lub
free
Gree
n Se
ed95
−Co
wgi
rlfre
eRo
se A
gri-S
eed
105
9910
2(2)
Fest
orin
afre
eAd
vant
a Se
ed10
2−
Jesu
p M
axQ
nove
lPe
nnin
gton
See
d98
7810
497
100
101
9710
598
100
98(9
)Jo
hnst
one
free
ProS
eeds
Mar
ketin
g88
−KY
31+
toxi
cKY
Agr
i. Ex
p.St
a.10
510
210
912
010
710
110
110
199
105
9910
010
4(11
)KY
31-
free
KY A
gri.
Exp.
Sta.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100(
15)
Lace
field
Max
Q II
nove
lPe
nnin
gton
See
d10
511
098
104
100
104(
4)N
anry
ofre
eJa
pane
se G
rass
land
For
age
Seed
72−
Sein
efre
eSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n13
5−
Sele
ctfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s82
109
9499
7310
476
108
9810
010
198
9897
9996
(14)
SS07
05TF
SLfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s98
100
Star
graz
erfre
eSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s70
−St
ockm
anfre
eSe
ed R
esea
rch
of O
rego
n12
5−
1 Fr
ee-v
arie
ties t
hat d
o no
t con
tain
an
endo
phyt
e. To
xic-
KY31
+ co
ntai
ns a
toxi
c en
doph
yte.
Nov
el-v
arie
ties t
hat c
onta
in a
n en
doph
yte
that
aid
s per
siste
nce
but i
s not
toxi
c to
cat
tle.
2 Ye
ar tr
ial w
as e
stab
lishe
d.3
Use
this
sum
mar
y ta
ble
as a
gui
de in
mak
ing
varie
ty d
ecisi
ons,
but r
efer
to sp
ecifi
c ye
arly
repo
rts t
o de
term
ine
stat
istic
al d
iffer
ence
s in
stan
d pe
rsist
ence
bet
wee
n va
rietie
s. To
find
act
ual p
ersis
tenc
e ra
tings
, lo
ok in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
0 w
as g
raze
d 4
year
s so
the
final
repo
rt w
ould
be “
2014
Coo
l-Sea
son
Gras
s Hor
se G
razi
ng To
lera
nce
Repo
rt” a
rchi
ved
in th
e KY
For
age
web
site
at <
fora
ges.c
a.uk
y.edu
>.4
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.5
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a6
BarO
ptim
a PL
US E
34 is
not
reco
mm
ende
d fo
r pre
gnan
t mar
es b
ecau
se it
pro
duce
s low
leve
ls of
the
alka
loid
erg
oval
ine.
26
Tabl
e 25
. Sum
mar
y of
199
9-20
18 K
entu
cky
orch
ardg
rass
hor
se g
razi
ng to
lera
nce
tria
ls w
ith th
ree
or m
ore
year
s of d
ata
in L
exin
gton
(sta
nd p
ersi
sten
ce sh
own
as a
pe
rcen
tage
of t
he m
ean
of th
e co
mm
erci
al v
arie
ties i
n th
e tr
ial).
Varie
tyPr
oprie
tor/
KY
Dis
trib
utor
1999
1,2
2000
2001
2002
2005
320
0620
0920
1020
1120
1220
1320
1420
15M
ean4
(#tr
ials
)3-
yr5
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
4-yr
3-yr
Albe
rtUn
iv. o
f Wisc
onsin
95−
Ambr
osia
Amer
.Gra
ss S
eed
Prod
.61
−Be
nchm
ark
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
104
8595
(2)
Benc
hmar
k Pl
usSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s11
115
713
911
111
412
112
113
710
512
0(8)
Crow
n Ro
yale
Gras
sland
Ore
gon
95−
Crow
n Ro
yale
Plu
sGr
assla
nd O
rego
n97
−El
isePu
re S
eed
87−
Haym
ate
Sout
hern
Sta
tes
9685
9793
(3)
Pers
ist
Smith
See
d Se
rvic
es11
410
310
192
112
146
9511
010
8(7)
Poto
mac
Publ
ic11
7−
Prai
rieTu
rner
See
d10
088
−Pr
odig
yCa
udill
See
d54
−Pr
ofit
Ampa
c Se
ed93
8692
108
95(4
)SS
-070
8OGD
TSo
uthe
rn S
tate
s10
492
9296
(3)
Teka
poAm
pac
Seed
101
115
9330
9210
083
8763
110
94(9
)1
Year
tria
l was
est
ablis
hed.
2 Us
e th
is su
mm
ary
tabl
e as
a g
uide
in m
akin
g va
riety
dec
ision
s, bu
t ref
er to
spec
ific
year
ly re
port
s to
dete
rmin
e st
atist
ical
diff
eren
ces i
n st
and
pers
isten
ce b
etw
een
varie
ties.
To
find
actu
al p
ersis
tenc
e ra
tings
, loo
k in
the
year
ly re
port
for t
he fi
nal y
ear o
f eac
h sp
ecifi
c tr
ial.
For e
xam
ple,
the
Lexi
ngto
n tr
ial p
lant
ed in
201
0 w
as g
raze
d 4
year
s so
the
final
re
port
wou
ld b
e “20
14 C
ool-S
easo
n Gr
ass H
orse
Gra
zing
Tole
ranc
e Re
port
” arc
hive
d in
the
KY F
orag
e w
ebsit
e at
<fo
rage
s.ca.
uky.e
du>.
3 D
ue to
hig
h va
riatio
n du
ring
2005
thes
e va
lues
are
not
incl
uded
in th
e ov
eral
l mea
n4
Mea
n on
ly p
rese
nted
whe
n re
spec
tive
varie
ty w
as in
clud
ed in
two
or m
ore
tria
ls.5
Num
ber o
f yea
rs o
f dat
a
27
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