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PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO THE SANS 100400 PART XA AND
THE SANS 204 REQUIREMENTS
1. INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF SANS 10-400 XA 2. FENESTRATION REQUIREMENTS AND FILLING IN THE FORMS
(DEEMED TO SATISFY) 3. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DESIGNING FENESTRATION 4. FENESTRATION CALCULATIONS FOR A SIMPLE HOUSE (RDP
HOUSE) 5. PRACTICAL EXERCISE
COMPILED BY RG YOUNG-PUGH FOR CPUT- DATE 2012-10
INTRODUCTION
and
Only tick this box if <15%
Tick this box if >15% And delete competent person RATIONAL DESIGN ROUTE
DEEMED TO SATISFY ROUTE
OTHER ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
• NOTE THAT FENESTRATION DESIGN CAN NOT BE CONSIDERED IN ISOLATION AND THE DETAILS OF THE FOLLOWING ALSO NEED TO BE DEALT WITH ACCORDING TO CHECKLISTS WHEN SUBMITTING TO THE LOCAL AUTHORITY:
• EXTERNAL WALLS SPECIFICATIONS
• ROOF SPECIFICATIONS INCL INSULATION
• UNDERFLOOR HEATING AND INSULATION OF SURFACE BED OR PERIMETER
• SERVICES EG LIGHTING AND AIRCON/ HEATING
• HOT WATER SUPPLY
SOME GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DESIGNING TO MEET PART XA
AND SAND 204 FENESTRATION
• FACE THE BUILDINGS LIVING AREAS NORTH WHERE POSSIBLE WITH LONG AXIS NORTH
• SIZE THE OPENINGS SUITABLY
• SHADE YOUR WINDOWS SUITABLY
• USE SUITABLY SPECIFIED WINDOWS AND GLAZING AND FRAMES
• VENTILATE
• AVOID AIRCON SYSTEMS IF POSSIBLE
“RDP HOUSE” SIMPLE FENESTRATION CALCULATIONS
IN TERMS OF SANS 10-400 PART XA CPUT –BTECH -YEAR 4-LECTURER R YOUNG-PUGH
STEP 1
• SET UP A SPREADSHEET OF ALL THE WINDOWS AND DOORS
• DETERMINE YOUR NETT FLOOR AREA (EXCL WALLS, STORAGE)
• DOES THE BUILDING FENESTRATION COMPLY WITH THE 15% RULE IE IS THE FENESTRATION AREA LESS THAN 15% OF THE NETT FLOOR AREA ?
• FLOOR AREA X .15 =50 X 0.15 = 7,5 m2 (15%)
• ACTUAL FENESTRATION AREA = 10,28 m2
• THE BUILDING FENESTRATION AREA EXCEEDS THE PERMISSABLE 15% (IT IS 20,6%)
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
STEP 2 • START FENESTRATION CALCULATIONS:
• REFER TO SANS 204 PART 4.3.4
• DETERMINE ORIENTATION, ZONE, OCCUPANCY
• TABLE 5 GIVES CONSTANTS FOR CONDUCTANCE AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN
• MULTIPLY THE CONSTANTS X NETT AREA PER FLOOR TO GIVE TARGET FIGURES
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
STEP 3 CHECK CONDUCTANCE • LOOK AT SANS 204 TABLE 6
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
CONDUCTANCE CALCULATIONS
LOWER U VALUE = BETTER
FROM TABLE 6 SANS 204
AREA X U VALUE
STEP 4: CHECK SOLAR HEAT GAIN (SHG)
• DRAW SECTIONS THROUGH EACH FENESTRATION ELEMENT
• REFER TO TABLE 6 OF SANS 204 FOR SHGC OR MANUFACTURERS DATA
• CALCULATE THE EXPOSURE
• FOR EXPOSURE SEE NEXT SLIDE
• AREA X SHGC X EXPOSURE
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
SOLAR HEAT GAIN
AREA X SHGC X SOLAR EXPOSURE FACTOR = SHG
IN ORDER TO CALCULATE EXPOSURE
CALCULATE P / H VALUES
THEN
REFER TO ANNEXURE C
OF SANS 204 FOR THAT
ZONE AND THAT
ORIENTATION
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
P/H VALUES FOR EACH WINDOW FOR EACH ORIENTATION AND THAT ZONE
SOLAR EXPOSURE
REFER TO ANNEXURE C4 FOR THIS FACTOR
NOTE THAT G IS ONLY A FACTOR IF YOU ARE CONSIDERING AIRCONDITIONING OR MECHANICAL VENTILATTION WHICH NEEDS A SEPARATE CALCULATION
CONCLUSION
Sector Solar Exposure
storey / room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
upper ground m2 table 6 table 6 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) annexure c4 fxg fhn
living W1A timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 1 W1B timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.140 8.400 0.162
bed 2 W1C timber +4mm+s 1.500 1.000 1.500 5.6 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.170 8.400 0.196
kitchen W2A timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
bathroom W2B timber +4mm 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.6 0.77 east 0.650 2.600 0.500 0.250 0.840 5.600 0.647
living D1 timber full glass 2.100 0.900 1.890 5.6 0.77 north 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.840 10.584 1.220
kitchen D2 timber stable 2.100 0.900 1.890 2.8 0.77 south 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.610 5.292 0.888
zone 4
area x 0,15 = 50 x 0,15 =7,5m2 glazing allowed
actual 10,280 therefore fenestration calcs allowed
Sector Solar Exposure
storey/ room Identifier No: type Width Height Area U-value SHGC Orientation Projection Height 1
Height 2 Factor ( E )
Conduct
anceSHG
10.280 ( P ) ( H ) ( G ) 52.276 3.922
target 70 6.50
Storey Level m2 x zone 4 cstant 50 x 1,4 50 x 0,13
ok ok
proposed < target
FENESTRATION : NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDING - RDP HOUSE - Western Cape zone 4- nett floor area =50m2
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading
P/H
Proposed
P/H
Fenestration Elements Window Size Window Element Rating Shading Proposed
THE FENESTRATION COMPLIES WITH SANS 10-400 WHEN THE NETT FLOOR AREA OF THE HOUSE IS CONSIDERED
FENESTRATION DESIGN:PRACTICAL EXERCISE • A PROSPECTIVE OWNER COMES TO YOU FOR YOUR ADVICE ON THE ATTACHED PROPOSED
HOUSE.
• THE HOUSE IS CURRENTLY DESIGNED TO MEET THE 15% RULE RELATED TO FENESTRATION AND FLOOR AREA, BUT THEY ARE NOT HAPPY
• THEY DON’T WANT THE COST OF A FULL RATIONAL DESIGN
• HOW CAN YOU GIVE THEM MORE LIGHT AND VIEWS BUT STILL COMPLY WITH THE SANS 204 FENESTRATION REQUIREMENTS ?
• SHOW ALL CALCULATIONS.
REFERENCES
• STRUCTATHERM TRAINING MATERIAL AS SUPPLIED AND PREPARED BY MR H HARRIS
• SUBMISSION CHECKLISTS BY SUE CROWTHER
• MARCEL AND SHARON KEUTER OF SPREADSHEETS AS ADAPTED FOR THIS SUMMARY: ALSO FENESTRATION EXAMPLE. WORKING COPIES AVAILABLE FROM [email protected]
• SANS 10-400
• SANS 204
• VARIOUS PUBLICALLY AVAILABLE SAIAT REFERENCE DOCUMENTS