Practice Test Rocks and MineralsName

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A) basalt B) limestoneC) schist D) slate

1. Which rock would be the best source of the mineralgarnet?

A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc

2. Which mineral is mined for its iron content?

A) nitrogen B) oxygenC) potassium D) silicon

3. Which element, found in both biotite mica andmuscovite mica, makes up the greatest percent byvolume of Earth's crust?

A) graphite, talc, and selenite gypsumB) potassium feldspar, quartz, and amphiboleC) calcite, dolomite, and pyroxeneD) biotite mica, fluorite, and garnet

4. Silicate minerals contain the elements silicon andoxygen. Which list contains only silicate materials?

A) scratching the mineral across a glass plateB) squeezing the mineral with calibrated pliersC) determining the density of the mineralD) breaking the mineral with a hammer

5. The relative hardness of a mineral can best be testedby

A) the method by which they were formedB) the type of rock in which they are foundC) the size of their crystalsD) their physical and chemical properties

6. Minerals are identified on the basis of

A) density B) fractureC) streak D) luster

7. The diagram below shows the results of one test formineral identification.

Which mineral property is being tested?

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals

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A)

B)

C)

D)

8. Halite has three cleavage directions at 90º to eachother. Which model best represents the shape of abroken sample of halite?

A) 6.5 B) 2 C) 3 D) 2.5

9. What is the hardness of Sulfur?

A) magnetite B) pyriteC) hematite D) olivine

10. Which mineral is an ore of iron and has acharacteristic reddish brown streak?

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11. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows the crustal temperatureand pressure conditions under which three different minerals with the same chemical composition (Al2SiO5) crystallize.

A) pyrite B) gypsumC) dolomite D) potassium feldspar

Which mineral has a chemical composition most similar to andalusite, sillimanite, and kyanite?

A) arrangement of atoms in the mineralB) impurities found in the mineralC) softness of the mineralD) density of the mineral

12. The diagrams below illustrate a specific property ofcertain minerals.

This property is most closely related to the

A) conglomerate B) dolostoneC) siltstone D) shale

13. Which sedimentary rock would be composed ofparticles ranging in size from 0.0004 centimeter to0.006 centimeter?

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14. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below.

A) folding and faultingB) melting and solidificationC) compaction and cementationD) heating and application of pressure

Which two processes formed this rock?

15. Base your answer to the following question on thediagrams below of five rock samples.

A) gneiss B) graniteC) sandstone D) basalt

Which sample would most likely contain fossils?

A)

B)

C)

D)

16. Which sequence of events occurs in the formation ofa sedimentary rock?

A) They are the same age.B) They originated from a larger mass of igneous

rock.C) They all contain the same minerals.D) They have different origins.

17. The diagram below represents a conglomerate rock.Some of the rock particles are labeled.

Which conclusion is best made about the rockparticles?

18. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below, which is a geologic cross section ofan area where a river has exposed a 300-meter cliffof sedimentary rock layers. The rock layers arelabeled A through I. Line XY represents a gap in thegeologic record (an unconformity).

A) cooling of melted rock materialB) compaction and cementation of sedimentsC) heat and pressure from overlying rock layersD) recrystallization of minerals due to crustal uplift

Rock layer H was most likely formed as a result of

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19. Base your answer to the following question on the block diagram below which shows a cross section of Earth's crust. Letter A identifies a lake, andletters B through G represent different types of bedrock.

A) rapid cooling of lava from volcanic eruptions .B) regional metamorphism of a previously existing rockC) compaction and cementation of angular quartz fragmentsD) precipitation of minerals from evaporating water

Rock C most likely resulted from the

A) large forestsB) a range of volcanic mountainsC) many terrestrial animalsD) a warm, shallow sea

20. Large rock salt deposits in the Syracuse area indicatethat the area once had

A) siltstone B) basaltC) quartzite D) limestone

21. The diagram below shows some features in a cave.

Which type of rock was chemically weathered byacidic groundwater to produce the cave and itsfeatures?

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A) olivine and pyroxeneB) potassium feldspar and quartzC) plagioclase and pyroxeneD) olivine and nepheline

22. Which two mineral grains would most likely befound in soil formed from granite?

A) B)

C) D)

23. The diagrams below represent magnifications ofrocks. Which is most likely a diagram of anon-sedimentary rock?

A) plagioclase feldspars and pyroxeneB) hornblende and quartzC) biotite and olivineD) potassium feldspar and quartz

24. Gabbro is composed mainly of

A) They are light in color.B) They are felsic.C) They have a high aluminum content.D) They contain iron.

25. Which is usually a characteristic of igneous rockswith a high density?

26. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below which shows a top view of thebedrock geology of a portion of the Earth's surface.Two faults (F1 and F2) and three periods of igneousactivity have occurred in this area.

A) rhyolite B) basaltC) conglomerate D) granite

Based on the diagram of a sample of igneous rock Y, its mineral composition and crystal size, what isigneous rock Y?

A) B)

C) D)

27. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween the length of time molten magma takes tocool and the size of the crystals in the rock formedby the magma?

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A) sedimentary layering B) intrusion of magmaC) metamorphism D) weathering

28. The diagram below indicates physical changes that accompany the conversion of shale to gneiss.

Which geologic process is occurring to cause this conversion?

A) densityB) porosityC) permeabilityD) number of fossils present

29. Which characteristic of rocks tends to increase as therocks are metamorphosed?

A) metamorphic rock B) sedimentary rockC) igneous rock D) volcanic rock

30. The recrystallization of unmelted material underhigh temperature and pressure results in

A) sediments are cemented and compactedB) magma cools slowly, deep undergroundC) flows of lava cool rapidlyD) rocks are subjected to heat and pressure

31. Most metamorphic rocks are formed whenA) a long period of weatheringB) glacial activityC) wind erosionD) extreme pressure

32. The diagram below represents a rock with a distortedlayer structure.

The distorted structure of this rock is most likely theresult of

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A) The cracks and pebbles are both younger thanthe sedimentary rock.

B) The cracks and pebbles are both older than thesedimentary rock.

C) The cracks are younger and the pebbles areolder than the sedimentary rock.

D) The cracks are older and the pebbles areyounger than the sedimentary rock.

33. The diagram below represents a sedimentary rockcomposed of pebbles and sand.

Which statement most accurately compares the agesof the cracks and pebbles to the age of thesedimentary rock in which they are found?

A) younger than the rockB) older than the rockC) the same age as the rock

34. A sedimentary rock consists of grains of sandcemented together. What is the relative age of thesand grains?