practice tests 1- 5.doc

7/27/2019 Practice Tests 1- 5.doc

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Practice Test 1

For each of Questions 1-9, select ONE entry for each blank from the correspondingcolumn of choices.

1. The techniques now available to livestock breeders will continue to be ------------, but willprobably be used by new ones under development.

A. reversed

B. invaded

C. reassessedD.supplemented

E. magnified

2. The disjunction between educational objective that stress independence and individualityand those that emphasize obedience to rules and cooperation with others reflects a------------ that arise from the values on which these objectives are based.

A. conflict

B. redundancy

C.gain

D.predictabilityE. wisdom

3. Scholars sense of the uniqueness of the central concept of the state at the time whenpolitical science became an academic field quite naturally led to striving for acorrespondingly ------------ mode of study.

A. thorough

B. distinctive

C. dependable

D.scientific

E. dynamic

4. As long as nations cannot themselves accumulate enough physical power to dominate allothers, they must depend on ------------.

A. allies

B. resources

C. freedom

D.education

E. self-determination

5. During periods of social and cultural stability, many art academies are so firmly controlledby (i) ------------ that all real creative work must be done by the (ii) ------------.

Blank i Blank ii

A. dogmatists B. academicians

C. pundits D.disenfranchised

E. managers F. reactionaries

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6. Once a duckling has identified a parent, then instinctive bond becomes a powerful (i)------------ for additional learning since, by (ii) ------------ the parent, the duckling can acquirefurther information that is not genetically transmitted.

Blank i Blank ii

A.equilibrium D. surpassing

B.referent E. acknowledging

C.channel F. mimicking

7. Although scientists claim that the seemingly (i) ------------ language of their reports is moreprecise than the figurative language of fiction, the language of science, like all language, isinherently (ii) ------------.

Blank i Blank ii

A. ornamental D. allusive

B. literal C.unintelligible

D.symbolic E. sequential

8. If the Titanic had hit the iceberg head on, its watertight compartments might have saved itfrom (i) ------------, but the great liner swerved to (ii) ------------ the icebergand in the collision so many compartments were opened to the sea that disaster was (iii)------------.

Blank i Blank ii Blank iii

A. adversity D. avoid G. averted

B. denouement E. contract H. inevitable

C. foundering F. mollify I. limited

9. Allowing distinguished figures to (i) ------------ on their experiences, lives and wisdomlearned, the memoir genre has given us such significant works as Ulysses S. GrantsPersonal Memoirs, an interesting, well-written account of his days as a general and apresident. At the opposite end of the spectrum, the genre also provides an outlet foranyone who wants to share any (ii) ------------ experience, as evidenced by the (iii) ------------release of a fly-by-night internet celebritys memoir next month.


A. extemporize D.apocryphal

G. laudable

B. expatiate E. petty H. enviable

C. agitate F. eccentric I. impending

For each of Questions 10- 12, select the TWO answer choices that when used tocomplete the sentence blank, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole andproduce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.

10. The evil of class and race hatred must be eliminated while it is still in ------------ state;otherwise, it may grow to dangerous proportions.

A. an amorphous

B. an overt

C. a rudimentary

D. a threatening

E. an independentF. an embryonic

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11. Arriving in New Orleans days after Hurricane Zelda had passed and without an adequatenumber of vehicles of its own, the armed forces began to ------------ any working form oftransportation they could find, including a bus that had been chartered at great expenseby a group of tourists.

A. repatriate

B. commandeerC. extradite

D. interdict

E. expurgate

F. appropriate

12. Possessed of an insatiable sweet tooth, Jim enjoyed all kinds of candy, but he had aspecial ------------ for gumdrops, his absolute favorite.

A. trauma

B. affinity

C. odiumD. nature

E. disregard

F. predilection

Section II. Verbal Reasoning

13. Are you still reading the other newspaper in town? Did you know that the Daily Bugle isowned by an out-of-town business syndicate that couldnt care less about the people ofGotham City? Read the Daily Clarion, the only real voice of the people of Gotham City!

Which of the following most directly refutes the argument raised in the advertisement

above?(A) Over half of the advertising revenues of the Daily Clarion come from firms whose

headquarters are located outside of Gotham City.

(B) The Daily Clarion usually devotes more of its pages to out-of-town news than does theDaily Bugle.

(C) Nearly 40 percent of the readers of the Daily Clarion reside outside the limits ofGotham City.

(D) The editor-in-chief and all the other members of the editorial staff of the Daily Buglehave lived and worked in Gotham City for ten years or more.

(E) The Daily Bugle has been published in Gotham City for a longer time than has the

Daily Clarion.

14. As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nations mostpowerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above?

(A) The new council must have the support of the nations labor leaders if it is to succeed.

(B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations withbusiness leaders.

(C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the

leaders of the nations largest labor unions.(D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of businessmanagement interests.

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(E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualificationnecessary for the job of chairing the new council.

Section III. Reading ComprehensionFeelings of hopelessness among medieval workers trapped in the poverty cycle gradually

lessened as it became possible for womens labor to supplement a familys money income bymore than pennies. By 1300, women spinners could be found working on their own forwealthy sponsors, even after the introduction in Italy and France of prohibition againstadvancing money for supplies to women spinners. Historians have usually interpreted thisprohibition simply as evidence of womens economic subjection, since it obliged them to turnto usurers; however, it was also almost certainly a response to a trend toward differentialreward for womens higher skill. Yarn can be spun irregularly and lumpily, but perfectlysmooth yarn is worth more. Working for merchant entrepreneurs on time rates, women hadbeen paid hardly more than children; working as entrepreneurs themselves and producing

good work by the piece, they could break into (to make entry or entrance into broke into thehouse break into show business) the rational system of differential rewards.

15. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) propose and defend a theory about the consequences of a certain historical event

(B) present historical facts and offer a broader interpretation of those facts than has beenoffered in the past

(C) describe the socioeconomic effects of a widely held attitude during a particularhistorical period

(D) demonstrate the superiority of using an economic approach to historical analysis

(E) call attention to the influence of the textile industry on society during a particular

historical period16. It can be inferred from the passage that the author views the system of paying all workersequally on time rates as

(A) unfair and not rational(B) undesirable but unavoidable(C) efficient and profitable(D) advantageous to most women workers(E) evidence of a trend toward a more modern wage system

17. The passage implies which of the following about women spinners in medieval Europe?

(A) Most of them worked independently for wealthy sponsors.(B) They were not typical of medieval women entrepreneurs.

(C) Some of them were paid for their work after it was done, according to its value.(D) They would have been able to contribute substantial amounts to their families

incomes were it not for the prohibition against advancing money to them.(E) They were inevitably disadvantaged in the marketplace because they were obliged to

obtain money for their supplies from usurers.

18. The passage implies that feelings of hopelessness among medieval workers

(A) resulted primarily from the lack of a rational system of differential rewards

(B) disappeared completely once medieval textile workers were able to break the cycle ofpoverty

(C) were more prevalent among female workers than among male workers

(D) came into being in part because of womens limited earning capacity(E) were particularly common among textile workers in Italy and France

19. The author suggests that historians have done which of the following?4


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(A) Failed to give adequate consideration to the economic contribution of women duringthe medieval period.

(B) Overestimated the degree of hopelessness experienced by medieval workers trappedin the poverty cycle.

(C) Ignored the fact that by 1300 many women spinners were working independentlyrather than for merchant entrepreneurs.

(D) Regard the economic status of women in Italy and France as representative ofwomens status throughout medieval Europe.

(E) Overlooked part of the significance of a prohibition governing one aspect of yarnproduction in medieval Europe.

This is the end of Practice Test 1.

Practice Test 2


1. Unlike other examples of ----------- verse, Milton's Lycidas does more than merely mourn thedeath of Edward King; it also denounces corruption in the church in which King wasordained.

A. satiric

B. elegiac

C. explicit

D. didactic

E. pedestrian

2. Poverty can be a function not only of absolute wealth, but also of comparison in acommunity; in an area with ----------- income levels, those at the very bottom will suffercost-of-living increases brought on by those in the middle and top income brackets.

A. disparate

B. plainC. arduous

D. onerous

E. wavering

3. The newest fiber-optic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so----------- that a piece 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard windowpane.

A. fragile

B. immaculate

C. iridescent

D. tangible

E. transparent

4. After failing to advance to the fin al round of the state spelling bee for the third year in arow, Heather's mood could only be described as -----------.

A. morose

B. chary

C. contrite

D. impecunious

E. detestable

5. The first forty years of life give us the text; the next thirty supply the -----------.

A. abridgmentB. bibliography

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C. commentary

D. epitaph

E. epic

6. The success of the espionage mission depended on the ability of the mole to feign (i)----------- in order to ingratiate herself within the company ranks. Otherwise, all the missionplans would be compromised and the spies would have to (ii) ----------- the mission.

Blank i Blank ii

G. nescience D.actualize

H. irascibility E. truncate

I. complaisance

F. demean

7. Just as disloyalty is the mark of the renegade, (i) ----------- is the mark of the (ii) -----------.

Blank i Blank ii

A.avarice J. craven

B. cowardice K. laggard

C. vanity L. misanthrope

8. Critics of the movie version ofThe Color Purple (i) -----------its saccharine, overoptimistictune as out of keeping with the novels more (ii) -----------quality.

Blank i Blank ii

G.decried D. cloying

H. acclaimed I. excessive

J. rectified K. acerbic

9. One of the most (i) ----------- educators In New York Dr. Shalala (ii) ----------- a controversy in

1984 by calling the city public school a "rotten barrel " in need of --------- reform.Blank i Blank ii Blank iii

D.mediocre D. ignited G. systemic

E. pusillanimous

E.antagonized

H. urbane

F. outspoken L. connivedat

J. mercenary

For each of Questions 10- 12, select the TWO answer choices that when used tocomplete the sentence blank, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and

produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.10. Perhaps because something in us instinctively distrusts such displays of natural fluency,

some readers approach John Updikes fiction with ----------.

A. wariness

B. impartiality

C. suspicion

D. veneration

E. bewilderment

F. remorse

11. Few other plants can grow beneath the canopy of the sycamore tree, whose leaves andpods produce a natural herbicide that leaches into the surrounding soil, ------------ otherplants that might compete for water and nutrients.

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A. inhibiting

B. downplaying

C. nourishing

D. suppressing

E. harvesting

F. fertilizing

12. Contemporary authors are much more at liberty to be candid than were authors ofprevious centuries, but modern writers nevertheless often find themselves ------------portions of their works.

A. emancipating

B. censoring

C. refuting

D.censuring

E. ameliorating

F. bowdlerizing


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)a noninvasive diagnostic procedurecan be used toidentify blockages in the coronary arteries. In contrast to angiogramsthe invasive procedurecustomarily usedMRIs pose no risk to patients. Thus, to guarantee patient safety in theattempt to diagnose arterial blockages, MRIs should replace angiograms in all attempts atdiagnosing coronary blockages.

13. Which of the following, if true, would most support the recommendationabove?

(A) Angiograms can be used to diagnose conditions other than blockages in arteries.

(B) MRIs were designed primarily in order to diagnose blockages in the coronary arteries.

(C) Angiograms reveal more information about the nature of a blockage than an MRI can.

(D) An MRI is just as likely as an angiogram to identify an arterial blockage.

(E) Some patients for whom an angiogram presents no risk are unwilling to undergo anMRI.

Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. Thisconcern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products thathave been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smallercontainers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.

14. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanationoffered above?

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merelysmall packages of regular cleaning products.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder torecycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear

instructions for dilution printed on their labels.(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and

drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.

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(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging thatwas used for compact discs.

Section III. Reading Comprehension

In the early 1950s, historians who studied preindustrial Europe (which we may definehere as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in largenumbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percentwho comprised the political and social elite: the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, andlocal magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books. One difficulty, however, was thatfew of the remaining 97 percent recorded their thoughts or had them chronicled bycontemporaries. Faced with this situation, many historians based their investigations on theonly records that seemed to exist: birth, marriage, and death records. As a result, much of theearly work on the nonelite was aridly statistical in nature; reducing the vast majority of thepopulation to a set of numbers was hardly more enlightening than ignoring them altogether.Historians still did not know what these people thought or felt.

One way out of this dilemma was to turn to the records of legal courts, for here the voicesof the nonelite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants. Thesedocuments have acted as a point of entry into the mental world of the poor. Historians suchas Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories, which have illuminated

the attitudes of different social groups (these attitudes include, but are not confined to,attitudes toward crime and the law) and have revealed how the authorities administered

justice. It has been societies that have had a developed police system and practiced Romanlaw, with its written depositions, whose court records have yielded the most data tohistorians. In Anglo-Saxon countries hardly any of these benefits obtain, but it has still beenpossible to glean information from the study of legal documents.

The extraction of case histories is not, however, the only use to which court records maybe put. Historians who study preindustrial Europe have used the records to establish a seriesof categories of crime and to quantify indictments that were issued over a given number ofyears. This use of the records does yield some information about the nonelite, but thisinformation gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelite. We also know that the

number of indictments in preindustrial Europe bears little relation to the number of actualcriminal acts, and we strongly suspect that the relationship has varied widely over time. Inaddition, aggregate population estimates are very shaky, which makes it difficult for historiansto compare rates of crime per thousand in one decade of the preindustrial period with rates inanother decade. Given these inadequacies, it is clear why the case history use of courtrecords is to be preferred.

15. The author suggests that, before the early 1950s, most historians who studiedpreindustrial Europe did which of the following?

(A) Failed to make distinctions among members of the preindustrial European political andsocial elite.

(B) Used investigatory methods that were almost exclusively statistical in nature.

(C) Inaccurately estimated the influence of the preindustrial European political and socialelite.

(D) Confined their work to a narrow range of the preindustrial European population.

(E) Tended to rely heavily on birth, marriage, and death records.

16. According to the passage, the case histories extracted by historians have

(A) scarcely illuminated the attitudes of the political and social elite

(B) indicated the manner in which those in power apportioned justice

(C) focused almost entirely on the thoughts and feelings of different social groups towardcrime and the law

(D) been considered the first kind of historical writing that utilized the records of legal

courts(E) been based for the most part on the trial testimony of police and other legal

authorities

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17. The author mentions Le Roy Ladurie (paragraph 2) in order to

(A) give an example of a historian who has made one kind of use of court records

(B) cite a historian who has based case histories on the birth, marriage, and death recordsof the nonelite

(C) identify the author of the quotation cited in the previous sentence

(D) gain authoritative support for the view that the case history approach is the mostfruitful approach to court records

(E) point out the first historian to realize the value of court records in illuminating thebeliefs and values of the nonelite

18. According to the passage, which of the following is true of indictments for crime in Europein the preindustrial period?

(A) They have, in terms of their numbers, remained relatively constant over time.

(B) They give the historian important information about the mental lives of those indicted.

(C) They are not a particularly accurate indication of the extent of actual criminal activity.

(D) Their importance to historians of the nonelite has been generally overestimated.

(E) Their problematic relationship to actual crime has not been acknowledged by mosthistorians.

19. It can be inferred from the passage that a historian who wished to compare crime ratesper thousand in a European city in one decade of the fifteenth century with crime rates inanother decade of that century would probably be most aided by better information aboutwhich of the following?

(A) The causes of unrest in the city during the two decades(B) The aggregate number of indictments in the city nearest to the city under

investigation during the two decades

(C) The number of people who lived in the city during each of the decades underinvestigation

(D) The mental attitudes of criminals in the city, including their feelings about authority,during each of the decades under investigation

(E) The possibilities for a member of the citys nonelite to become a member of thepolitical and social elite during the two decades

20. The passage would be most likely to appear as part of

(A) a book review summarizing the achievements of historians of the European aristocracy(B) an essay describing trends in the practice of writing history

(C) a textbook on the application of statistical methods in the social sciences

(D) a report to the historical profession on the work of early-twentieth-century historians

(E) an article urging the adoption of historical methods by the legal profession


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Practice Test 3


1. The losing animal in a struggle saves itself from destruction by an act of --------, an actusually recognized and accepted by the winner.

(A) submission

(B) presumption

(C) truculence

(D) retribution

(E) fallacy

2. Since many casual smokers develop lung cancer and many chronic smokers do not,scientists believe that individuals differ in their -------- the cancer-causing agents known tobe present in cigarette smoke.

(A) susceptibility to

(B) concern about

(C) proximity to

(D) reliance upon

(E) exposure to

3. If animal parents were judged by human standards, the cuckoo would be one of naturesmore -------- creatures, blithely laying its eggs in the nests of other birds, and leaving theincubating and nurturing to them.

(A) mettlesome

(B) industrious

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(C) compliant

(D) lackluster

(E) feckless

4. The current penchant for touting a product by denigrating a rival, named in theadvertisement by brand name, seems somewhat --------: suppose the consumer remembersonly the rivals name?

(A) retrograde(B) foolhardy

(C) insipid

(D) cumbersome

(E) gullible

5. There has been a tendency among art historians not so much to revise as to eliminate theconcept of the Renaissanceto -------- not only its uniqueness, but its very existence.

(A) constitute

(B) extol

(C) transmute

(D) regret

(E) contest

6. Despite an affected (i) -------- that convinced casual observers that he was indifferent abouthis painting and cared only for frivolity, Warhol cared deeply about his art and labored at it(ii) -------- .

Blank i Blank ii

M.gloom D.intermittently

N. fervor E. ambivalently

nonchalance F. diligently

7. The intentions of the restaurant critic were (i) -------- ; he accepted the assignment toreview the new bistro not as (ii) -------- journalist, but as a private citizen seeking revengeagainst the owner, who h ad wronged him in a business deal years before.

Blank i Blank ii

A. incompatible D. discerningB. malevolent E. fallible

C. tenable F. stoical

8. After having worked in the soup kitchen feeding the homeless, the volunteer began to seeher own good fortune as (i) -------- and her difference from the destitute as chance ratherthan (ii) --------.

Blank i Blank ii

A. a fluke D. resolution

B. an omen E. destiny

C. a chore F.extravagance

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9. The question of when, if even, history can be considered (i) -------- is contentious, to say theleast. One could argue, for example, that any evaluation of the 180-year-old presidency ofAndrew Jackson would likely be (ii) -------- the controversies that define evaluations of morecontemporaneous political leaders, and yet a plethora of passionately held views continuesto polarize. The (iii) -------- of any one judgment is perhaps the one certainty surroundingthe issue.


G.tendentious D. free from G. subjectivity

H.apolitical E. characteristicof

H. conformity

I. derivative F. mired in K. endorsement

For each of Questions 10- 12, select the TWO answer choices that when used tocomplete the sentence blank, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole andproduce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.

10. The other students in the dining hall quickly learned to avoid any table where Fred was

sitting because he constantly interjected -------- remarks into every conversation going onnearby.

A. puerile

B. crude

C. limpid

D. inimical

E. jejune

F. insidious

11. While blood and human sacrifices performed to mollify the gods were ubiquitous inancient cultures, the Mayans propensity for sacrificing prisoners from neighboring tribes-------- all the other tribes.

A. incarcerated

B. patronized

C. disquieted

D. undermined

E. condoned

F. affronted12. Under no delusions about his actual financial situation, the mans desire to present a

frugal picture to his friends and avoid being labeled --------- caused him to go to such anextreme that he ended up being called a scrooge.

A. a spendthrift

B. a prodigal

C. a miser

D. a hedonist

E. a skinflint

F. a epicure


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Like a number of other articles, Ian Raghnalls article relied on a recent survey in which overhalf the couples applying for divorces listed money as a major problem in their marriages.Raghnalls conclusion from the survey data is that financial problems are the major problem inmarriages and an important factor contributing to high divorce rate. Yet couples often expressother types of marital frustrations in financial terms. Despite appearances, the survey data donot establish that financial problems are the major problem in contemporary marriages.

13.Which one of the following sentences best expresses the main point of thepassage?

(A) Financial problems are not an important factor contributing to the divorce rate.(B) Marital problems are more easily solved by marriage counselors than by married

couples on their own.

(C) The conclusion drawn in Raghnalls article is inadequately justified.

(D) Over half the couples applying for divorces listed money as a major problem in theirmarriages.

(E) Many articles wrongly claim that financial problems are the major factor contributingto the divorce rate.

14. In the passage, the author does which one of the following?

(A) undermines a conclusion drawn from statistical data by offering a specificcounterexample

(B) undermines a conclusion drawn from statistical data by offering an alternativeexplanation for some of the data

(C) undermines a conclusion drawn from statistical data by showing that one cannot provethe presence of an emotion by using statistical methods

(D) undermines a conclusion drawn from statistical data by criticizing the survey for whichthe data was gathered

(E) undermines a conclusion by showing that couples cannot accurately describe theirown problems

The public is well aware that high blood cholesterol levels raise the risk of stroke caused byblood clots. But a recent report concludes that people with low blood cholesterol levels are atincreased risk of the other lethal type of strokecerebral hemorrhage, caused when a brain

artery bursts. The report suggests that because blood cholesterol plays a vital role inmaintaining cell membranes, low blood cholesterol weakens artery walls, making them proneto rupture. The conclusion thus supports a long-standing contention by Japanese researchersthat Western diets better protect against cerebral hemorrhage than do non-Western diets.

15. The argument is based on which one of the following assumptions?

(A) Western diets are healthier than non-Western diets.

(B) Western diets result in higher blood cholesterol levels than do non-Western diets.

(C) High blood cholesterol levels preclude the weakening of artery walls.

(D) Cerebral hemorrhages are more dangerous than strokes caused by blood clots.

(E) People who have low blood pressure are at increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage.

Section III. Reading Comprehension

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Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is called pillow lava. This rapid chillingoccurs when lava erupts directly into water (or beneath ice) or when it flows across ashoreline and into a body of water. While the term pillow lava suggests a definite shape, infact geologists disagree. Some geologists argue that pillow lava is characterized by discrete,ellipsoidal masses. Others describe pillow lava as a tangled mass of cylindrical,interconnected flow lobes. Much of this controversy probably results from unwarrantedextrapolations of the original configuration of pillow flows from two-dimensional cross sectionsof eroded pillows in land outcroppings. Virtually any cross section cut through a tangled mass

of interconnected flow lobes would give the appearance of a pile of discrete ellipsoidalmasses. Adequate three-dimensional images of intact pillows are essential for defining thetrue geometry of pillowed flows and thus ascertaining their mode of origin. Indeed, the termpillow, itself suggestive of discrete masses, is probably a misnomer.

16. Which of the following is a fact presented in the passage?

(A) The shape of the connections between the separate, sacklike masses in pillow lava isunknown.

(B) More accurate cross sections of pillow lava would reveal the mode of origin.

(C) Water or ice is necessary for the formation of pillow lava.

(D) No three-dimensional examples of intact pillows currently exist.

(E) The origin of pillow lava is not yet known.17. In the passage, the author is primarily interested in

(A) analyzing the source of a scientific controversy

(B) criticizing some geologists methodology

(C) pointing out the flaws in a geological study

(D) proposing a new theory to explain existing scientific evidence

(E) describing a physical phenomenon

18. The author of the passage would most probably agree that the geologists mentioned inline 6 (Some geologists) have made which of the following errors in reasoning?

I. Generalized unjustifiably from available evidence.

II. Deliberately ignored existing counterevidence.III. Repeatedly failed to take new evidence into account.

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) III only

(D) I and II only

(E) II and III only

A serious critic has to comprehend the particular content, unique structure, and specialmeaning of a work of art. And here she faces a dilemma. The critic must recognize the artistic

element of uniqueness that requires subjective reaction; yet she must not be undulyprejudiced by such reactions. Her likes and dislikes are less important than what the workitself communicates, and her preferences may blind her to certain qualities of the work andthereby prevent an adequate understanding of it. Hence, it is necessary that a critic develop asensibility informed by familiarity with the history of art and aesthetic theory. On the otherhand, it is insufficient to treat the artwork solely historically, in relation to a fixed set of ideasor values. The critics knowledge and training are, rather, a preparation of the cognitive andemotional abilities needed for an adequate personal response to an artworks own particularqualities.

19. According to the author, a serious art critic may avoid being prejudiced by her subjectivereactions if she

(A) treats an artwork in relation to a fixed set of ideas and values(B) brings to her observation a knowledge of art history and aesthetic theory

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(C) allows more time for the observation of each artwork

(D) takes into account the preferences of other art critics

(E) limits herself to that art with which she has adequate familiarity

20. The authors argument is developed primarily by the use of

(A) an attack on sentimentality

(B) an example of successful art criticism

(C) a critique of artists training(D) a warning against extremes in art criticism

(E) an analogy between art criticism and art production


Practice test 4


1. The sheer bulk of data from the mass media seems to overpower us and drive us to--------accounts for an easily and readily digestible portion of news.

(A) insular

(B) investigative

(C) synoptic

(D) subjective(E) sensational

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2. During the operas most famous aria, the tempo chosen by the orchestras conductorseemed --------, without necessary relation to what had gone before.

(A) ephemeral

(B) melodious

(C) capricious

(D) compelling

(E) cautious

3 Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater -------- their efforts to build aprogressive party than the resistance of the progressives already elected to thelegislature.

(A) advocacy for

(B) precursor to

(C) affiliation to

(D) obstacle to

(E) commendation for

4. While Parker is very outspoken on issues she cares about, she is not --------; she concedesthe validity of opposing arguments when they expose weaknesses inherent in her own.

(A) fickle

(B) arrogant

(C) incompatible

(D) congenial

(E) unyielding

5. Although the revelation that one of the contestants was a friend left the judge open tocharges of lack of (i) ------, the judge remained adamant in her assertion that acquaintancedid not necessarily imply (ii) --------.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

discretionforeknowledg

e

detachment impropriety

exoneration partiality

6. Exposure to sustained noise has been claimed to (i) -------- blood pressure regulation in

human beings and, particularly, to increase hypertension, even though some researchershave obtained inconclusive results that (ii) -------- the relationship.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

impair buttress

aggravate obscure

mollify accede

7. Our new tools of systems analysis, powerful though they may be, lead to (i) --------theories,especially, and predictably, in economics and political science, where productiveapproaches have long been highly (ii) --------.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

explicable elusive

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pragmatic convergent

simplistic efficacious

8. Veeder claims that the very notion of the existence of synonyms is (i) -------, as wordsdepend on (ii) -------, connotation, and linguistic and cultural context for their (iii) -------meanings.

Blank(i) Blank(ii) Blank(iii)

veracious denotation subjective

fallacious cogitation distinct

maladaptive masticationinterchangeab

le

9. As part of Marina Abramovics groundbreaking exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art inNew York City, the artist herself logged 700 hours over the course of 3 months in a smallchair. Visitors were invited to sit across from the performance artists stolid countenance,for whatever (i) ------- they desired, the (ii) ------- sitting for only a few moments and thebold sitting for several hours; the visitors thus became (iii) -------components of the piece,

wittingly or unwittingly.Blank(i) Blank(ii) Blank(iii)

motive irresolute integral

tenure boorish culpable

approbation genial nascent

10. Middlemarch author George Eliot reportedly bemoaned the dearth of (i) ------- women, ofwhich her well-educated main character, Dorothea, was a (ii) -------. Therefore, Eliotscholars have long debated the authors meaning in marrying Dorothea to the elderlypreacher Casaubon and having him exploit his bride for (iii) ------- needs.


captious paradigm menial

erudite misogynist clerical

venal chimera nebulous

For each of Questions 9- 10, select the TWO answer choices that when used to

complete the sentence blank, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole andproduce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.

11. Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts share a long,identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be______only by the transfer ofDNA between the two systems.

(A) quadrupled

(B) accounted for

(C) pinpointed

(D) justified

(E) disclosed

(F) scrutinized

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12. It was a war the queen and her more prudent counselors wished to -------- if they could andwere determined in any event to postpone as long as possible.

(A) shun

(B) denounce

(C) instigate

(D) curtail

(E) eschew(F) diminish

13. There is some sort of -------- the fact that the author of a book as sensitive and informed asIndian Artisans did not develop her interest in Native American art until adulthood, for shegrew up in a region rich in American Indian culture.

(A) irony in

(B) satisfaction in

(C) ambivalence about

(D) concern about

(E) paradox in

(F) apprehension about

For each of Questions 14-25 select one answer choice unless otherwise directed.

Question 14 is based on this passage.

Some people take their moral cues from governmental codes of law; for them, it is

inconceivable that something that is legally permissible could be immoral.14. Those whose view is described above hold inconsistent beliefs if they alsobelieve that

(A) law does not cover all circumstances in which one person morally wrongs another

(B) a legally impermissible action is never morally excusable

(C) governmental officials sometimes behave illegally

(D) the moral consensus of a society is expressed in its laws

(E) some governmental regulations are so detailed that they are burdensome to the economy


The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a declinein television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time tomaintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time onthe computer. That assumption, however, is evidently false: in a recent mail surveyconcerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spentper week using computers report no charge in time spent watching television.

15. Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluatethe

argument?

(A) Whether a large majority of the survey respondents reported watching television regularly

(B) Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who

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report that they rarely or never use computers

(C) Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amountof time spent per week using computers increases

(D) Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spendingincreasing amounts of time per week using computers

(E) Whether the survey respondents reports of time spent using computers included timespent using computers at work


Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonlythought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creativecapacity. However, a study has found that almost all scientists who produce highly creativework beyond the age of forty entered their fields late and less than a dozen years before theircreative breakthroughs. Since creative breakthroughs by scientists under forty alsogenerally occur within a dozen years of the scientists entry into the field, thestudys finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely producehighly creative work is not due to age but rather because most have spent too long in their

fields.

16. In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the followingroles?

(A) The first is the position that the argument as a whole defends; the second is evidence thatis advanced as part of that defense.

(B) The first and second are both claims that have been advanced in support of a position thatthe argument as a whole opposes.

(C) The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second provides evidence in

support of a competing explanation that the argument defends.(D) The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is evidence that hasbeen used against an alternative explanation that the argument defends.

(E) The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is evidence that hasbeen used to challenge that explanation.

Questions 17-20 are based on this passage.

Influenced by the view of some twentieth-century feminists that womens position withinthe family is one of the central factors determining womens social position, some historianshave underestimated the significance of the woman suffrage movement. These historianscontend that nineteenth-century suffragist was less radical and, hence, less important than,for example, the moral reform movement or domestic feminismtwo nineteenth-centurymovements in which women struggled for more power and autonomy within the family. True,by emphasizing these struggles, such historians have broadened the conventional view of

nineteenth-century feminism, but they do a historical disservice to suffragism. Nineteenth-century feminists and anti-feminist alike perceived the suffragists demand forenfranchisement as the most radical element in womens protest, in part because suffragists

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were demanding power that was not based on the institution of the family, womenstraditional sphere. When evaluating nineteenth-century feminism as a social force,contemporary historians should consider the perceptions of actual participants in thehistorical events.

17. The author asserts that the historians discussed in the passage have

(A) influenced feminist theorists who concentrate on the family

(B) honored the perceptions of the women who participated in the women suffragemovement

(C) treated feminism as a social force rather than as an intellectual tradition

(D) paid little attention to feminist movements

(E) expanded the conventional view of nineteenth-century feminism

18. The author of the passage asserts that some twentieth-century feminists have influencedsome historians view of the

(A) significance of the woman suffrage movement

(B) importance to society of the family as an institution

(C) degree to which feminism changed nineteenth-century society

(D) philosophical traditions on which contemporary feminism is based

(E) public response to domestic feminism in the nineteenth century19. The author of the passage suggests that which of the following was true of nineteenth-

century feminists?

(A) Those who participated in the moral reform movement were motivated primarily by adesire to reconcile their private lives with their public positions.

(B) Those who advocated domestic feminism, although less visible than the suffragists,were in some ways the more radical of the two groups.

(C) Those who participated in the woman suffrage movement sought social roles forwomen that were not defined by womens familial roles.

(D) Those who advocated domestic feminism regarded the gaining of more autonomywithin the family as a step toward more participation in public life.

(E) Those who participated in the nineteenth-century moral reform movement stoodmidway between the positions of domestic feminism and suffragism.

20. The author implies that which of the following is true of the historians discussed in thepassage?

(A) They argue that nineteenth-century feminism was not as significant a social force astwentieth-century feminism has been.

(B) They rely too greatly on the perceptions of the actual participants in the events theystudy.

(C) Their assessment of the relative success of nineteenth-century domestic feminismdoes not adequately take into account the effects of antifeminist rhetoric.

(D) Their assessment of the significance of nineteenth-century suffragism differsconsiderably from that of nineteenth-century feminists.

(E) They devote too much attention to nineteenth-century suffragism at the expense ofmore radical movements that emerged shortly after the turn of the century.

Questions 21- 24 are based on this passage.

An experiment conducted aboard Space Lab in 1983 was the first attempt to grow proteincrystals in the low-gravity environment of space. That experiment is still cited as evidence

that growing crystals in microgravity can increase crystal size: the authors reported that theygrew lysozyme protein crystals 1,000 times larger than crystals grown in the same device onEarth. Unfortunately, the authors did not point out that their crystals were no larger than the

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average crystal grown using other, more standard techniques in an Earth laboratory.

No research has yet produced results that could justify the enormous costs of producingcrystals on a large scale in space. To get an unbiased view of the usefulness of microgravitycrystal growth, crystals grown in space must be compared with the best crystals that havebeen grown with standard techniques on Earth. Given the great expense of conducting suchexperiments with proper controls, and the limited promise of experiments performed thus far,it is questionable whether further experiments in this area should even be conducted.

21. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the Space Lab experiment

conducted in 1983?(A) It was the first experiment to take place in the microgravity environment of space.

(B) It was the first experiment in which researchers in space were able to grow lysozymeprotein crystals greater in size than those grown on Earth.

(C) Its results have been superseded by subsequent research in the field of microgravityprotein crystal growth.

(D) Its results are still considered by some to be evidence for the advantages ofmicrogravity protein crystal growth.

(E) Its results are considered by many to be invalid because nonstandard techniques wereemployed.

22. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would find the Space Lab experimentmore impressive if which of the following were true?

(A) The results of the Space Lab experiment could be replicated in producing other kindsof crystals in addition to lysozyme protein.

(B) The device used in the experiment produced larger crystals on Earth than it did inspace.

(C) The size of the crystals produced in the experiment exceeded the size of crystalsgrown in Earth laboratories using standard techniques.

(D) The cost of producing the crystals in space exceeded that of producing them usingstandard laboratory techniques.

(E) The standard techniques used in Earth laboratories were modified in the Space Labexperiment due to the effects of microgravity.

23. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the device used to growcrystals in the Space Lab experiment?

(A) The device is more expensive to manufacture than are the devices used in standardtechniques in an Earth laboratory.

(B) The device has not been used to grow crystals in space since the Space Labexperiment of 1983.

(C) Crystals grown in the device on Earth tend to be much smaller than crystals grown init in space.

(D) Crystals grown in the device in space have been exceeded in size by crystals grown in

subsequent experiments in space using other devices.(E) The experiments in which the device was used were conducted with proper controls.

24. The passage suggests that the author would most probably agree with which of thefollowing assessments of the results of the Space Lab experiment?

(A) Although the results of the experiment are impressive, the experiment was too limitedin scope to allow for definitive conclusions.

(B) The results of the experiment are impressive on the surface but the report ismisleading.

(C) The results of the experiment convincingly confirm what researchers have longsuspected.

(D) Because of design flaws, the experiment did not yield any results relevant to the issueunder investigation.

(E) The results of the experiment are too contradictory to allow for easy interpretation.

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Paule Marshall's Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of femalecharacters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine inconflict with White society that had been typical of the protest novels of early twentiethcentury. Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, shefocused her novel on an ordinary Black woman's search for identity within the context of aBlack community. But Marshall extended the analysis of Black female characters begun byHurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine's development in terms of the relationshipbetween her Barbadian American parents, and by exploring how male and female roles weredefined by their immigrant culture, which in turn was influenced by the materialism of WhiteAmerica. By placing characters within a wider cultural context, Marshall attacked racial andsexual stereotypes and paved the way for explorations of race, class, and gender in thenovels of the 1970's.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select allthat apply

25. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstonesas being

(A) highly influenced by novels written in the early twentieth century

(B) important in the late 1950's but dated today

(C) an important influence on novels written in the1970's


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Practice Test 5


1. When an oppressed group revolts against a society, one must look for the underlying forcesthat led to the groups -------- that society.

(A) acknowledgment of

(B) predilection for

(C) convergence with

(D) vigilance of

(E) alienation from

2. The title Rage of a Privileged Class seems --------, for such a privileged group would seem onthe surface to have no reason sustained anger with anyone.

(A) incongruous

(B) indecorous

(C) elusive

(D) torrid

(E) witty

3. Scientists are hard-line --------; only after failing to debunk a controversial theory do theyaccept the evidence.

(A) lobbyists

(B) sycophants(C) martinets

(D) innovators

(E) cynics

4. This new government is faced not only with offsetting its economy but also withimplementing new rural development programs to -------- the flow of farm workers to thecity.

(A) sullying

(B) harness

(C) bolstering(D) calibrating

(E) precipitating

5. A prudent, thrifty New Englander, DeWitt was naturally (i) -------- of investing money in junkbonds, which he looked on as (ii) -------- ventures.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

evocative ethereal

chary auspicious

indicative volatile

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6. Ambrose Blerces biographers agree that the Civil War was the central experience of hislife, the event to which he constantly returned and the (i) -------- that brought some (ii)-------- to the hitherto random pattern of his youth.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

ordeal divergence

stratum coherence

deficit seclusion

7. People who dont outgrow their colleges often dont grow in other ways; there remained inForsters life and imagination a (i) -------- of the undergraduate, clever but (ii) --------.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

diagnosis immature

resort coherence

streak seclusion

8. The value of Davis' sociological research is (i) --------- by his unscrupulous tendency to useMaterials (ii) -------- in order to substantiate his own claims, while (iii) -------- information thatpoints to other possible conclusions.


exacerbated uproariously galvanizing

reimbursed arbitrarily sequestering

compromised initially emphasizing

9. Wearing the latest fashions was exclusively the (i) ------- of the wealthy until the 1850's,when mass production, aggressive (ii) --------, and the availability of the sewing machinemade them (iii) ------- the middle class.


prerogativeentrepreneur

slucrative for

prolixity pedantssuperfluous

for

paroxysm nonentities accessible to

10. (i) -------- James Baldwin, who wrote of black Americans as being in a perpetual state of (ii)--------, Mr. Cater asserts that few human beings could (iii) -------- the psychic toll ofuninterrupted anger.


Annotating temerity survive

Challenging schism defray

Quoting rage flee

For each of Questions 9- 10, select the TWO answer choices that when used to

complete the sentence blank, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole andproduce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.

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11. The influence of the Titnaeus among early philosophical thinkers was -------, if onlybecause it was the sole dialogue available in Europe for almost 1,000 years.

(A) estimable

(B) formidable

(C) pervasive

(D) ubiquitous

(E) rapacious

(F) edacious12. It is a great advantage to be able to transfer useful genes with as little extra gene

material as possible, because the donors genome may contain, in addition to desirablegenes, many genes with -------- effects.

(A) reciprocal

(B) pernicious

(C) antagonistic

(D) inviolable

(E) deleterious

(F) uncanny

13. Written in an amiable style, the book provides a comprehensive overview of Europeanpoetry that should prove engaging to both the virtual --------- and the experiencedconnoisseur.

(A) neophyte

(B) impersonator

(C) novice

(D) stowaway

(E) impressionist

(F) benefactor

For each of Questions 14-25 select one answer choice unless otherwise directed.


Educational television is a contradiction in terms. While a classroom encourages socialinteraction, television encourages solitude. School is centered on the development oflanguage, but television depends upon constantly changing visual images. And in aclassroom, fun is merely a means to an end, but on television it is the end in itself.

14. Upon which one of the following assumptions does the author rely in thepassage?

(A) The classroom should not be a place where anyone has fun.

(B) Only experiences that closely resemble what takes place in the school environmentcan be educational.

(C) Television programs reinforce some of the values of the school environment.

(D) Educational television programs are better than most other television programs.

(E) The potential of television as a powerful learning tool has not yet been realized.


Advertisement: Most power hedge trimmers on the market do an adequate job of trimminghedges. But many power hedge trimmers are dangerous to operate and can cause seriousinjury when used by untrained operators. Bolter Industries hedge trimmer has been tested by

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National Laboratories, the most trusted name in safety testing. So you know, if you buy aBolters, you are buying a power hedge trimmer whose safety is assured.

15. The answer to which one of the following questions would be most useful in evaluating thetruth of the conclusion drawn in the advertisement?

(A) Has National Laboratories performed safety tests on other machines made by BolterIndustries?

(B) How important to the average buyer of a power hedge trimmer is safety of operation?

(C) What were the results of National Laboratories tests of Bolter Industries hedgetrimmer?

(D) Are there safer ways of trimming a hedge than using a power hedge trimmer?

(E) Does any other power hedge trimmer on the market do a better job of trimminghedges than does Bolter Industries hedge trimmer?


The fire that destroyed the Municipal Building started before dawn this morning, and the lastfire fighters did not leave until late this afternoon. No one could have been anywhere in thevicinity of a fire like that one and fail to notice it. Thomas must have seen it, whatever he nowsays to the contrary. He admits that, as usual, he went from his apartment to the library thismorning, and there is no way for him to get from his apartment to the library without goingpast the Municipal Building.

16. The main conclusion of the argument is that

(A) Thomas was in the vicinity of the fire this morning

(B) Thomas claimed not to have seen the fire

(C) Thomas saw the fire this morning

(D) Thomas went directly from his apartment to the library this morning

(E) Thomas went by the Municipal Building this morning


The determination of the sources of copper ore used in the manufacture of copper andbronze artifacts of Bronze Age civilizations would add greatly to our knowledge of culturalcontacts and trade in that era. Researchers have analyzed artifacts and ores for theirconcentrations of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed toprovide evidence of the sources of the copper used in the objects. Elemental composition canvary within the same copper-ore lode, usually because of varying admixtures of otherelements, especially iron, lead, zinc, and arsenic. And high concentrations of cobalt or zinc,noticed in some artifacts, appear in a variety of copper-ore sources. Moreover, the processingof ores introduced poorly controlled changes in the concentrations of minor and traceelements in the resulting metal. Some elements evaporate during smelting and roasting;different temperatures and processes produce different degrees of loss. Finally, flux, which issometimes added during smelting to remove waste material from the ore, could addquantities of elements to the final product.

An elemental property that is unchanged through these chemical processes is the isotopiccomposition of each metallic element in the ore. Isotopic composition, the percentages of thedifferent isotopes of an element in a given sample of the element, is therefore particularlysuitable as an indicator of the sources of the ore. Of course, for this purpose it is necessary tofind an element whose isotopic composition is more or less constant throughout a given orebody, but varies from one copper ore body to another or, at least, from one geographic regionto another.

The ideal choice, when isotopic composition is used to investigate the source of copper

ore, would seem to be copper itself. It has been shown that small but measurable variationsoccur naturally in the isotopic composition of copper. However, the variations are largeenough only in rare ores; between samples of the common ore minerals of copper, isotopic

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variations greater than the measurement error have not been found. An alternative choice islead, which occurs in most copper and bronze artifacts of the Bronze Age in amountsconsistent with the lead being derived from the copper ores and possibly from the fluxes. Theisotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to another,with variations exceeding the measurement error; and preliminary studies indicate virtuallyuniform isotopic composition of the lead from a single copper-ore source. While some of thelead found in an artifact may have been introduced from flux or when other metals wereadded to the copper ore, lead so added in Bronze Age processing would usually have the

same isotopic composition as the lead in the copper ore. Lead isotope studies may thus proveuseful for interpreting the archaeological record of the Bronze Age.

17. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) discuss the techniques of analyzing lead isotope composition

(B) propose a way to determine the origin of the copper in certain artifacts

(C) resolve a dispute concerning the analysis of copper ore

(D) describe the deficiencies of a currently used method of chemical analysis of certainmetals

(E) offer an interpretation of the archaeological record of the Bronze Age

18. The author first mentions the addition of flux during smelting (lines 18-21) in order to

(A) give a reason for the failure of elemental composition studies to determine ore sources

(B) illustrate differences between various Bronze Age civilizations

(C) show the need for using high smelting temperatures

(D) illustrate the uniformity of lead isotope composition

(E) explain the success of copper isotope composition analysis

19. The author suggests which of the following about a Bronze Age artifact containing highconcentrations of cobalt or zinc?

(A) It could not be reliably tested for its elemental composition.

(B) It could not be reliably tested for its copper isotope composition.

(C) It could not be reliably tested for its lead isotope composition.

(D) It could have been manufactured from ore from any one of a variety of sources.

(E) It could have been produced by the addition of other metals during the processing ofthe copper ore.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and selectall that apply

20. According to the passage, possible sources of the lead found in a copper or bronze artifactinclude which of the following?

(A) The copper ore used to manufacture the artifact

(B) Flux added during processing of the copper ore

(C) Other metal added during processing of the copper ore

21. The author rejects copper as the ideal choice mentioned in line 33 because

(A) the concentration of copper in Bronze Age artifacts varies

(B) elements other than copper may be introduced during smelting

(C) the isotopic composition of copper changes during smelting(D) among common copper ores, differences in copper isotope composition are too small

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(E) within a single source of copper ore, copper isotope composition can vary substantially

22. The author makes which of the following statements about lead isotope composition?

(A) It often varies from one copper-ore source to another.

(B) It sometimes varies over short distances in a single copper-ore source.

(C) It can vary during the testing of artifacts, producing a measurement error.

(D) It frequently changes during smelting and roasting.

(E) It may change when artifacts are buried for thousands of years.

23. It can be inferred from the passage that the use of flux in processing copper ore can alterthe lead isotope composition of the resulting metal EXCEPT when

(A) there is a smaller concentration of lead in the flux than in the copper ore

(B) the concentration of lead in the flux is equivalent to that of the lead in the ore

(C) some of the lead in the flux evaporates during processing

(D) any lead in the flux has the same isotopic composition as the lead in the ore

(E) other metals are added during processing


Zooplankton, tiny animals adapted to an existence in the ocean, have evolved clevermechanisms for obtaining their food, miniscule phytoplankton (plant plankton). A veryspecialized feeding adaptation in zooplankton is that of the tadpolelike appendicularian wholives in a walnut-sized (or smaller) balloon of mucus equipped with filters that capture andconcentrate phytoplankton. The balloon, a transparent structure that varies in designaccording to the type of appendicularian in habiting it, also protects the animal and helps to

keep it afloat. Water containing phytoplankton is pumped by the appendicularians musculartail into the balloons incurrent filters, passes through the feeding filter where theappendicularian sucks the food into its mouth, and then goes through an exit passage. Foundin all the oceans of the world, including the Arctic Ocean, appendicularians tend to remainnear the waters surface where the density of phytoplankton is greatest.

24. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true of appendicularians?

(A) They are exclusively carnivorous.

(B) They have more than one method of obtaining food.

(C) They can tolerate frigid water.

(D) They can disguise themselves by secreting mucus.

(E) They are more sensitive to light than are other zooplankton.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and selectall that apply

25. According to the passage, which of the following is/are descriptive of appendicularians?

(A) Tailed

(B) Vegetarian

(C) Single-celled


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Answer key 1:

1. D

2. A

3. B

4. A

5. A/D

6. C/F

7. B/D

8. C/D/H

9. B/E/I

10.C/F

11.B/F

12.B/F

13.D

14.E

15.B16.A

17.C

18.D

19.E

Answer key 2:1. B

2. E

3. E

4. A

5. C

6. C/E

7. B/D

8. A/E

9. C/D/G

10.A/C

11.A/D

12.B/F

13.D

14.D

15.D

16.B

17.A

18.C

19.C

20.B

Answer key 3:

1. A

2. A

3. E

4. B

5. E

6. C/F

7. B/D

8. A/E

9. B/F/G

10.A/E

11.C/F

12.A/B

13.C

14.B

15.B

16.C

17.A

18.A

19.B

20.D

Answer key 4:

1. C2. C

3.D

4. E

5. B/F

6. A/E

7. C/D

8.B/D/H

9. A/D/G

10. B/D/H

11. B/D

12. A/E

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13. A/E

14. A

15. E

16. C

17. E

18. A

19. E

20. D

21. D

22. C

23. C

24. A

25. C

Answer key 5:

1. E2. A

3. E

4. B

5. B/F

6. A/E

7. C/D

8. C/E/I

9. A/D/I

10. B/F/G11. C/D

12. B/E

13. A/C

14. B

15. C

16. C

17. B

18. A

19. D

20. A/B/C

21. D

22. A

23. D

24. C

25. A/B

practice tests 1- 5.doc

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