practicum mam

7/30/2019 practicum mam

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Practicum Orientation


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Contents

Background

Practicum Policies

Supervision

Coordination

Reporting

Practicum Work Organization Part

Macro Environment Micro Environment

International Market


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Actual Task Part

Management

Management Process

Organization Analysis Guide

Project Part

Defining Project/Research

Components of Research Projects

Rationale Objectives

Description


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Methods

Materials

Activity Plan

Data Analyses

Reporting Results Planning Project Works

Report Preparation and Presentation

Before writing the report

Report Format

Sample Standard Table of Contents

Oral Presentation


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Background

Value of practical work experience

Internship in a suitable and relevant

organization

An integral part of degree requirement

Course Load equivalent to 9 Credit hours

course work Preparing students for professional career in

respective field of study


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Background

Specialization and off-campus job experience

Learning into Action

Reporting the project activities in specified

format

a way help practical reporting

Presenting the report and defending the same

Work is graded by the respective department

Passing grade to qualify

Open up opportunities for future career


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Practicum Policies

Eligibility Completion of departmental course requirement

Qualifying through comprehensive exam

Qualifying in the English Language Competency Test(ELCT)

Authorization and issuance of placement letter byrespective Coordinator

Placement in a relevant organization for 12-16 weeks

Submission of a Standard Practicum Report andgetting the same approved by the RespectiveSupervisor and Coordinator

Clearance from Accounts, Library and Registry


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Practicum Policies

Program Structure

Three Phases

Organizational Orientation

Practicum Work

Report Submission (submission by deadline, defenseand viva)

Allowances

Practicum organizations are suggested to motivateinterns by paying Tk. 5,000/PM

This may vary from organization to organization


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Supervision

Organizational Supervisor

Designated Faculty Supervisor

Linkage between the supervisors

Regular supervision and guidance

The intern is to be punctual for office attendance

For leave, application to be made to the host

organization and designated supervisor at IUBAT Supervisors to guide in identification and

selection of project work


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Objectives

Gaining of Practical Experience by the Intern

Undertake task on a management problem of

the host organization

Selection of a problem

Collection and analyses of relevant

data/information

Recommend strategic solution


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ReportSubmission

Result Report to be prepared and submited to theuniversity and host organizing within the deadlinenotified by the Registry

2 Copies of Practicum Report (final/corrected onewith Rexene/Leather binding + earlier submitted oneduring practicum defense) and a soft copy of the finalreport is to be submitted at IUBAT Library by thestudenft

Attach the work completion letter fromHR/Supervisor/Appropriate Authority of theOrganization/Institution in the final report.


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Name, Address, and contact number of thefollowing persons separately in a envelop:

Chief of the Practicum Organization

Head of Human Resource Department/PersonnelDepartment/HRM

Supervisor

Filled-in IUBAT Alumni Association MembershipForm along with photocopy of MembershipReceipt and 3 copies of most recent Photographsseparately.

Report Receipt copy from IUBAT Library


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Coordination

The whole program to be coordinated byrespective Coordinator and Registry


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Practicum WorkORGANIZATION PART

ACTUAL TASK PART

PROJECT PART


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ORGANIZATION PART


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ECONOMIC

DEMOGRAPHIC

COMPETITORS

PUBLICS

Suppliers Company MKt

Intermediaries Customers

PHYSICAL

TECHNOL

OGICAL

POLITICAL

LEGAL


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Macro-Environment

DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT

Birth Rate

Age structure

People Education & Employment

TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Rapid change

Innovation opportunities

High R&D budget

Regulation of technology


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POLITICAL-LEGAL ENVIRONMENT

Laws

Government Agencies

Pressure Groups

SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

Basic Beliefs, values & norms

Core beliefs Cultures

Sub-cultures

Macro-Environment


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COMPANY

SUPPLIERS

MKT. INTERMEDIARIES Middlemen

Physical Distribution Firms

Marketing service Agencies

Financial Intermediaries

CUSTOMERS

Consumer Market Industrial Market

Reseller Market

Govt. & Non-Profit Market

Micro-Environment


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INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

COMPETITORS

Market Positioning

PUBLICS

Financial Publics Media Publics

Government Publics

Citizen-Action Publics

Local Publics

General Publics

Internal Publics


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ACTUAL TASK PART

The Department/Division/Unit Structure

Manpower

Task specification Departmental goals

Departmental achievements


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MANAGEMENT


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Management involves proper functioning ofcooperative efforts through:

GUIDANCE

LEADERSHIPand

CONTROL

forGOAL

ACHIEVEMENT


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MANAGEMENT INVOLVES

ANALYSIS

PLANNING

STRUCTURING

MANNING

IMPLEMENTATION

CONTROL


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MANAGEMENT PROCESS

ANALYSIS PLANNING ORGANIZING IMPLEMENTING CONTROLLING

Environmental

Scanning

Data Processing

Decision Making

Process of Planning

Elements of Planning

-Individual

-Material

-Resources

-Information

Types of Plan

Structuring

Staffing

Departmentation

Supervision

Delegation

Decentralization

Functional

Specialization

Operational

programming/

scheduling

Coordination

Motivation

Leadership

Communication

Control Process

Elements of Control

Standard and

Measurement

Types of control

Feedback

Management Information System (MIS)


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Organization Analysis Guide

Analysis following management processes:

Comparative analysis

Findings

Recommendations


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PROJECT PART


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Definitions for Project/Research:

Methodical investigation into a subject in order to discover facts,

to establish or to develop a plan of action based on factsdiscovered

Attempt to find out information in a systematically and scientific

manner

Human activity based on intellectual investigation and is aimed atdiscovering, interpreting, and revising human knowledge on

different aspects of the world. Research can use the scientific

method, but need not do so.

Diligent and thorough inquiry and investigation into a subject.

This includes using all appropriate print and electronic sources,asking the reference librarian for help, and making use of

bibliographies given by other authors.

The process of discovering new knowledge or of synthesis of

existing knowledge into a form useful for a stated purpose


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Why do we conduct Research

Projects?

To invent new things

To solve a prevailing problem

To support development programmes ofa country

To uplift living standards

Because we are inquisitive about thingshappening around us


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What are the Components of a

Research Project?

Rationale

Objectives

Project description


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Rationale

Underlying reasons

or

Reasoning or principle that underlies or

explains something,

or

a statement setting out this reasoning or

principle


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Objectives

A goal or aim

orExpected end result


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Project description

Duration (short-term, medium

term, Long-term)

Methods

Materials

Activity plan

Analyses of dataHow to report the results


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Methods

Practical

Laboratory

Field

Theoretical

Using published or written information

Using IT facilities


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Materials

Equipment

Major

MinorConsumables

Glassware

ChemicalsStationary etc.


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Activity Plan

Activity week/Days1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 X X

2 X X X X X

3 X X X

4 X X X X X

5 X X X X

6 X X X


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Analyses of Data

Using statistical methods

Computer programmes

etc.


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How to report results?

Tables

Graphs

Flow chartsPhotographs

Text

Filmetc.


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Planning Project Work

I. Project Title

II. Project Goal

III. Identification of Data Needs

IV. Data Collection Instruments

V. Sampling

VI. Data Collection

VII. Editing, Compilation, Collation andProcessing of Data

VIII. Analysis of Data

IX. Reporting & Presentation


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REPORTPREPARATION AND

PRESENTATION


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RESEARCH REPORT A research report is:

a written document or oral presentation based on a

written document that communicates the purpose, scope,

objective(s), hypotheses, methodology, findings,

limitations and finally, recommendations of a research

project to others.

The last stage of research process.;

It is more than a summary of findings; rather it is a record of the

research process. The researcher has to convince the readers that the

research findings can be acted on for their own benefit.

REPORTPREPARATION ANDPRESENTATION


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Types of Research Report

Any research report contains:

descriptions on methodology,

results obtained,

and recommendations made.

The basic orientation of a research report depends on

its audience. Before writing the report

the researcher must know his or her audience;

he/she may have to make assumptions about the

composition, background and interests of the target

readers.


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Two types of reports:-

Technical Report: suitable for a target audience of

researchers, research managers or other people familiar with

and interested in the technicalities such as research design,sampling methods, statistical details etc.,

Popular Report: suitable for:

a more general audience, interested mainly in the research

findings as it is non-technical in nature.

The writing style is designed to facilitate easy and

rapid reading and understanding of the research

findings and recommendations.

REPORT PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION PROCESS


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Pre-report

Writing

Activities

Report

Writing

Activities

Post

Report

Writing

Problem Definition,Research Designand Methodology

DataAnalysis

Interpretation ofResearchfindings

ReportPreparation

OralPresentattion

Reading of theReport

RESEARCHFOLLOW-UP


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The first step in the process involves..

the interpretation of the results of data analysis in

light of:

the research problem investigated,

and the research design and methodology followed.

The research report is a means of communication

that can be understood, believed, trusted by

everyone who are likely to be affected by theresearch, and acted upon by the decision maker.


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Before writing the report

the researcher should discuss: the major findings,conclusions, and recommendations with the key

stakeholders.

necessary to ensure that the report meets the needs of

the sponsor and is ultimately accepted.

The entire research project:

should be summarized in a single written report or inseveral reports addressed to different readers.

should present the findings in such a way that they can

be used directly as input into decision making.


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Report Format

No universally accepted standard format or style for

research writing. Different researchers may prepare

their reports differently.

The personality, background, expertise, and responsibility

of the researcher and those of the decision maker for

whom the report is written interact to give each report a

unique character.

Report formats are likely to vary with the nature of the

project itself. However, the research report closely

resembles the steps of the research process.


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Most research reports include the following elements:

Title page

Letter of transmittalTable of contents

List of tables

List of graphs

List of appendices

List of exhibits

I. Executive summarya. Major findings

b. Conclusions

c. Recommendations

II. Introductiona. Background to the

problemb. Statement of the problem

III. Approach to the problem

IV. Research design

a. Type of research designb. Information needs

c. Data collection from secondary sources

d. Data collection from primary sources

e. Scaling techniques

f. Questionnaire development and pretesting

g. Sampling techniques

h. Field workV. Data analysis

a. Methodologyb. Plan of data analysis

VI. Results

VII. Limitations and caveats

VIII. Conclusions and recommendationsVIV. Appendix

a. Questionnaires and formsb. Statistical output

c. Lists

d. Bibliography


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The results...

may be presented in several chapters of the report.

For example, the Community Baseline Survey

conducted by Dr M Alimullah Miyan in 1986 forthe Aga Khan Community Health Program at

Purana Palton, Dhaka, involved presentation of the

report in three chapters on background, seven

chapters in terms of contents and one chapter onconclusions.

The Table of Contents of the report is as follows:


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Table of Contents

1. General Setting of the Survey

1. Introduction

2. Health Situation in Bangladesh

1. Morbidity and Mortality

2. Systems of Medical Treatment

3. Institutional Frame-work for Health Care

3. Community Participation in Health


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2. Background of the Survey

1.Introduction of the Survey

2.Objectives

3.Areas of Survey

4.Organization of the Survey

h d l d


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3. Methodology and Design1. Approach and Survey Components

2. Selection of the Units of Investigation

3. Instruments of Data Collection and Collation1. Questionnaires1. Households Census Schedule

2. Questionnaire for the lady of the House

3. Field Instruction Manual

4. Data Transfer Sheet

4. Data Collection1. Recruitment2. Selection

3. Training

4. Evaluation

5. Assignment

6. Data Collection Procedures7. Monitoring and Evaluation

5. Processing and Analysis of Data

6. Reliability of estimates

4. Profile of the Clientele


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1. Demographic Characteristics1. Family size

2. Household size

3. Age structure1. Target women group2. Age distribution of children

4. Marital status

5. Family education level1. Educational attainment of men

2. Educational level of adults

3. School age girls

2. Economic characteristics1. Occupation

1. Occupation of lady of the house

2. Occupation of the adult women

3. Women outside occupation

4. Main occupation of men2. Family income

3. Cultural and community aspects1. Religion

2. Community participation


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5. Health Information and Education1. Service availability and awareness

2. Benefit awareness of health activities1. Pre-natal care2. Delivery by trained attendant

3. Post-natal care

4. Immunization of children

5. ORT for diarrhoea

6. Boiling water before consumption7. Protecting and covering food

8. Protecting against mosquito bites

9. Measuring weight gained during pregnancy

10.Measuring weight of newborn

11.Child growth monitoring12.Breastfeeding

3. Awareness of ORT


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6. Nutrition promotion

1.Breastfeeding

2.Supplementary feeding

3.Child weighing


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7. Maternal and Child Health

1.Pre-natal contacts

2.Birth attendants

3.Sibling under two years


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8. Immunization

1.Tetanus for women

2.BCG immunization for children

3.DPT immunization of children

4.Polio immunization of children

5.Measles immunization of children


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9. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

1.Drinking water sources

2.Defecation practices

3.Hygienic aspects


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10. Disease Incidence and Treatment

1.Common disease incidence

2.Diarrhoea incidence and treatment


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11. Accessibility of Health Care

1.Need and availability

2.Cost and satisfaction


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12. Health status of population1. Infant mortality

2. Child mortality

3. Maternal mortality

4. Crude birth rate BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANNEXURE-I: The Study Team

ANNEXURE-II: English Version of the Questionnaire ANNEXURE-III: Field Instruction Manual for Data

Collection


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Report Writing

Effective report writing is an art. Some basic points to note in writing a report.

Readers: The report should take into account the level of

readers' technical sophistication, their interest in the project,

ability to understand as well as the circumstances under whichthey will read the report and how they will use it..

Adherence to study objectives: A research report must show

that the research objectives have been accomplished..

Easy to follow: The most basic characteristic of a good report is

that it is easy to follow. It should be well organized, logically structured, and clearly and

lucidly written. Headings and sub-headings should be used for

different topics and subtopics respectively..


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Report Writing

Objective: Report writing should always be guided by

objectivity.

Should accurately present the methodology, results, and

conclusions of the project, without slanting the findingsto conform to the expectations of management.

Selectivity: A researcher must use his or her discretion in

deciding what should be included in the report.

Concise: A report should be concise. Yet brevity should not be

achieved at the expense of completeness.

Presentation: The report should be professionally done with

quality paper, good typing, and attractive binding.


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Report Writing

Visual aids: Key information presented in the text of a research report

should be reinforced with tables, graphs, pictures, maps, and other

visual devices.

Guidelines for Tables: Statistical tables are a vital part of the report

and deserve special attention. Every table should have a number and brief but clear title.

Basis or unit of measurement should be clearly stated to facilitate

understanding.

The arrangement of the data item should emphasize the most important

aspect of the data being presented. If necessary, explanations, comments etc. should be provided as

footnotes.

If the table presents secondary data, the source(s) must be cited clearly.


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Assimilation of Contents

Main body of the contents of a report must

reflect the contents of investigation, organised

into coherent chapters. For example, in the

Community Baseline Survey the main areas ofinvestigations were as follows which have

been organized into meaningful chapters as

has been done in the Table of Contents shownearlier:


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Areas of Investigation demographic characteristics

economic characteristics cultural and community conditions

health conditions

health knowledge and information

nutrition

dietary aspects of mother and children

maternal and child health care immunization

drinking water supply and sanitation

hygienic habits

defecation practices

disease incidence and treatment

Incidence and treatment of diarrhea

Access to health care

Community expectations

Use of existing public and private health care services


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Oral Presentation

Generally, an oral presentation supplements the writtenreport.

Should be carefully prepared keeping the audience in mind.

A good presentation does not mean a lengthy presentation.

Carefully selected visual aids such as graphs, tables, charts,maps etc. help presentation.

However, Too many visual aids, particularly statistical tables,

could often be boring and may not serve any purpose.

During oral presentation, people may seek clarification. The speaker must be patient and should not show signs of anger

or frustration. He or she should be natural, establish eye contact

with the audience, and interact with them.

Body language and descriptive gestures are also quite useful.


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Thank you

practicum mam

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