praktikum daring kinetika enzim ppo dari rebung...

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PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS

INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN

PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA

TESIS

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Sebagian dari Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Master Kependidikan

dalam Bidang Pendidikan Kimia

Oleh:

Anna Zikrina

NIM. 1802729

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN KIMIA

FAKULTAS PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA

BANDUNG

2020

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PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS

INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KETERAMPILAN

PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA

Oleh

Anna Zikrina

S.Pd Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2013

Sebuah Tesis yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Magister Pendidikan (M.Pd) pada Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

© Anna Zikrina

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Agustus 2020

Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang.

Tesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagia,

Dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa izin dari penulis.

iv Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan

keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa menggunakan praktikum daring kinetika enzim

PPO dari rebung bamboo berbasis inkuiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre

experimental-one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian ini adalah

mahasiswa program studi kimia semester enam yang terdaftar pada mata kuliah

praktikum biokimia berjumlah 55 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini

adalah soal tes tertulis dengan bentuk pilihan ganda beralasan. Pemberian soal pretes

dan postes dilakukan menggunakan google form dan kemudian linknya dibagikan

kepada mahasiswa untuk dikerjakan. Analisis data yang dilakukan berupa uji

Wilcoxon. Selanjutnya, untuk melihat peningkatan masing-masing indikator

menggunakan N-gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktikum daring berbasis

inkuiri dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan keterampilan proses sains

mahasiswa secara keseluruhan pada kategori sedang, dengan rerata N-gain = 0,62. Secara khusus, ditemukan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa secara

signifikan pada indikator (1) basic support (N-gain = 0,83), dan (2) inference (N-gain = 0,34).

Serta peningkatan secara signifikan untuk keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa pada indikator

(1) memprediksikan (N-gain = 0,81), (2) membandingkan dan mengklasifikasikan (N-gain =

0,83), dan (3) menginferensi (N-gain = 0,78). Namun, untuk indikator mengukur peningkatan

tidak terdefinisi. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktikum daring kinetika enzim

PPO dari rebung bambu berbasis inkuiri dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif praktikum di masa

pandemi Covid-19 untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan proses sains

mahasiswa.

v Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to improve students' critical thinking skills and science process

skills using online practicum based inquiry on PPO enzyme kinetics from bamboo shoots. This

study using a pre-experimental-one group pretest-posttest design method. The subjects of this

study were 55 students of the sixth semester chemistry study program enrolled in the

biochemistry practicum course. The instrument used in this study was a written test item with

a multiple choice reasoned form. Giving pretest and posttest questions is done using google

form and then the link is shared with students to work on. Data analysis was carried out in the

form of the Wilcoxon test. Furthermore, to see the improvement of each indicator using N-

gain. The results showed that inquiry-based online practicum could improve students' critical

thinking skills and science process skills as a whole in the medium category, with a mean N-

gain = 0.62. Specifically, there was a significant increase in student’s critical thinking skills on

indicators (1) basic support (N-gain = 0.83), and (2) inference (N-gain = 0.34) and significant

increase in students’ science process skills on indicators (1) predict (N-gain = 0.81), (2)

compare and classify (N-gain = 0.83), and (3) infer (N-gain). = 0.78). However, for indicators

measuring improvement is undefined. Thus, it can be concluded that the PPO enzyme kinetics

online practicum from inquiry-based bamboo shoots can be used as an alternative practicum

during the Covid-19 pandemic to improve students' critical thinking and science process skill.

vi Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

JUDUL .......................................................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ......................................................................................... ii

PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................ iv

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ........................................................................................ v

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... ix

DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................. xiii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Masalah dan Pertanyaan Penelitian .................................................................. 5 1.3 Tujuan Peneliatian ............................................................................................ 5 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................... 5 1.5 Penjelasan Istilah .............................................................................................. 5 1.6 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................... 6

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 7

2.1 Praktikum Berbasis Inkuiri ............................................................................... 7 2.2 Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis ........................................................................... 9 2.3 Keterampilan Proses Sains ............................................................................. 10 2.4 Praktikum Enzim PPO ................................................................................... 11 2.5 Praktikum Daring ........................................................................................... 16

BAB III METODELOGI PENELITIAN ............................................................... 18

3.1 Metode Dan Desain Penelitian ....................................................................... 18 3.2 Lokasi Dan Subjek Penelitian ........................................................................ 18 3.3 Alur Penelitian ............................................................................................... 19 3.4 Instrumen Penelitian ....................................................................................... 21 3.5 Analisis Instrumen ......................................................................................... 21 3.6 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 22 3.7 Teknik Analisis Data ...................................................................................... 23

BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAHAN ...................................................... 24

4.1 Temuan Penelitian Pendahuluan .................................................................... 24 4.2 Temuan Hasil penelitian ................................................................................ 29

4.2.1 Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum

vii Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

Inquiry-Based Laboratory .................................................................. 30

4.2.2 Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Inquiry-Based Laboratory .................................................................. 33

4.2.3 Penguasaan Konsep Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Inquiry-Based Laboratory ......................................................................................... 36

4.3 Pembahasan .................................................................................................... 41 4.3.1 Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum

Inquiry-Based Laboratory .................................................................. 41

4.3.2 Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Inquiry-Based Laboratory .................................................................. 42

4.3.3 Penguasaan Konsep Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Inquiry-Based Laboratory ......................................................................................... 45

4.3.4 Praktikum Daring ............................................................................... 46

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................... 50

A. Simpulan ........................................................................................................ 50 B. Saran ............................................................................................................... 50

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................... 51

LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... 56

viii Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel Halaman

2.1 Indikator Berpikir Kritis ....................................................................................... 10

2.2 Indikator Keterampilan Proses Sains Dasar ......................................................... 11

3.1 Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................................. 21

3.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................................... 22

3.3 Kategori Skor ................................................................................................ 23

4.1 Hasil Penelitian Pendahuluan Untuk Analisis Kualitatif Enzim PPO ................. 25

4.2 Hasil Penelitian Pendahuluan Untuk Analisis Kuantitatif Enzim PPO ............... 27

4.3 Hasil Uji Normalitas Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis ............................................... 30

4.4 Hasil Pengujian Homogenitas Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis ................................ 31

4.5 Hasil Uji Wilcoxon Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis ................................................. 31

4.6 Peningkatan Indikator Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis ............................................ 32

4.7 Hasil Pengujian Normalitas Keterampilan Proses Sains ...................................... 33

4.8 Hasil Pengujian Normalitas Indikator Keterampilan Proses Sains ...................... 33

4.9 Hasil Pengujian Homogenitas Keterampilan Proses Sains .................................. 34

4.10 Hasil Uji Wilcoxon Keterampilan Proses Sains ................................................. 35

4.11 Peningkatan Indikator Keterampilan Proses Sains ............................................ 35

4.12 Hasil Pengujian Normalitas Penguasaan Konsep .............................................. 36

4.13 Hasil Pengujian Normalitas Indikator Penguasaan Konsep ............................... 37

4.14 Hasil Pengujian Homogenitas Penguasaan Konsep ........................................... 38

4.15 Hasil Uji Wilcoxon Penguasaan Konsep ............................................................ 39

4.16 Peningkatan Indikator Penguasaan Konsep ....................................................... 40

ix Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar Halaman

2.1 Enzim Polifenol Oksidase .................................................................................... 12

3.1 Alur Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 19

4.1 Rebung Yang Digunakan Untuk Penelitian Pendahuluan ................................... 25

4.2 Tampilan Google Form ........................................................................................ 47

4.3 Hasil Pengumpulan LKM Mahasiswa ................................................................. 48

4.4 Contoh Jawaban Pretest Mahasiswa .................................................................... 49

x Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran Halaman

Lampiran 1. Instrumen Penelitian

Lampiran 1.1 Rencana Pelaksanaan Praktikum ......................................................... 57

Lampiran 1.2 Pedoman Penilaian Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa .................................... 68

Lampiran 1.3 Soal Tes ............................................................................................... 75

Lampiran 1.4 Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa .................................................................... 84

Lampiran 2. Analisis Data

Lampiran 2.1 Analisis Data Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis ........................................ 103

Lampiran 2.2 Analisis Data Keterampilan Proses Sains .......................................... 105

Lampiran 2.3 Analisis Data Penguasaan Konsep .................................................... 108

51

Anna Zikrina, 2020 PRAKTIKUM DARING KINETIKA ENZIM PPO DARI REBUNG BAMBU BERBASIS INKUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia │repository.upi.edu │perpustakaan.upi.edu

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