pre-harvest losses canola · the number of seeds were counted for all the standing loss samples...
TRANSCRIPT
Pre-harvest Losses Canola
Presenter: Lorne Grieger P. Eng.
Dec. 11th, 2019
MB Straight cut canola project pre-harvest losses
2016
2017
Sask Straight-cut canola 3-year development
project starting in 2014
Comparison between shatter resistant and typical
hybrid canola varieties pre-harvest losses
(environmental)
This project was funded by the Canada and
Manitoba governments through Growing
Forward 2, a federal-provincial-territorial
initiative.
• Collector trays consisted of an aluminum tray fitted with dual screen inserts
• Coarse for rodent protection
• Fine to suspend seed and prevent moisture saturation
Objective to understand the effect of
pre-harvest aids on:
o Harvest Losses
o Overall Combine Performance
o Yield and Seed Characteristics
o Economic Gain(Compared with no harvest aids and swathing )
• Location: East Selkirk area
• Bayer Invigor® L140P (shatter-tolerant
variety) seeded
• Shatter loss collection pans
were placed at time of
swathing (Aug 22, 2016) to
determine losses different
from swathing.
• Reglone trials were harvested
earlier than other treatments -
shatter loss pans emptied
Sep.3 (12 days), 2016 and
placed back in remaining
standing crop
• Collected loss pans at time of
harvest
Treatment Threshing
Losses
(bu/ac)
Environmental
Losses
(g)
Number of Shatter
Loss Samples
Reglone 1.9 - 3
Heat & Glyphosate 2.8 0.16 4
Naturally Ripened 1.5 0.33 5, 1 outlier
Swathing 1.1 - -
Post-harvest
Reglone-
0.05 4
Collected at Harvest Time Sep. 3, 2016
Sample ID Pods Seeds Seed weight (g) Loss (bu/ac)
Reglone B #1 2 2 -
Reglone B #17 6 13 -
Reglone C #15 0 7 -
Loss (bu/ac)
Sample ID Pods Seeds Seed weight (g) Loss (bu/ac)
Reglone, South, C1 3 0.02 0.02
Reglone, South, B 10 0.03 0.03
Reglone, North, B1 1 0.00 0.00
Reglone, South, B1 31 0.14 0.13
Sample ID Pods Seeds
Seed Weight
(g) Loss (bu/ac)
Heat C (South) - 0.23 0.21
Heat A (South) 4 0.03 0.03
Heat B1 (South) 68 0.22 0.20
Heat B2 (South) 43 0.14 0.13
• Shatter loss samples collected Sept 14th 2016
Sample ID Pods Seeds Seed wt (g)
Loss
(bu/ac)
NR, B1 (South) 0 0.14 0.13
NR, B2 (South) 2 0.01 0.01
NR #1 (South) 0.73 0.67
NR, B1 (North) 2.06outlier
NR, C2 (South) 0.42 0.38
• Shatter loss samples collected Sept 14th 2016
• Trials took place near
Selkirk MB
• 12 standing loss
samples collected
• One from each repeat
area A, B or C for of
each of the 4 straight
cut treatments
(Glyphosate, Reglone,
Heat & Glyphosate,
and Naturally ripened)
• Canola variety Bayer
L233P seeded
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
Win
d S
peed (
km
/h)
°C, m
m
Precipitation (mm) Average Temperature (oC) Max Wind Speed (km/h)
Sprayed Reglone Harvested Reglone Swathing
Sprayed H & G Harvested H & G Harvested swaths
Sprayed Glyphosate Harvested Glyphosate
Harvested NR
The number of seeds were counted for all the standing
loss samples
Largest sample was 36 seeds = .07g or ~.002g/seed
Intermediate sample 17 seeds also ~.002g/seed
Standing losses were from lower weight seeds
These seeds averaged ~70% of the average seed
weight from third party 1000 count seed weight
analyses of 28 samples collected from the combine
(ranged from 2.8-3.1g/1000 seeds)
Trial # Seeds
Treatment
Average #
of Seeds
Glyphosate A 3
5.3Glyphosate B 0
Glyphosate C 13
Reglone A 17*
24.0Reglone B 36*
Reglone C 19
Heat & Glyphosate A 2
11.3Heat & Glyphosate B 26
Heat & Glyphosate C 6
Naturally Ripened A 12
12.3Naturally Ripened B 15
Naturally Ripened C 10
Average 13.25
*Weight taken
Trial
Treatment
Average # of
Seeds
Calculated
Environmental
Loss
(bu/ac) *
Glyphosate 5.3 0.02
Reglone 24.0 0.07
Heat & Glyphosate 11.3 0.03
Naturally Ripened 12.3 0.04
Average 13.25 0.04
*Based on 3g/1000 seed weight typical from combine seed samples
Three year Research Trial
2014, 2015, 2016
Canola Varieties
InVigor L130 – “Standard” Hybrid
InVigor L140P – Shatter Resistant Variety
Also DeKalb 74-44 BL/75-65 RR in 2015, 2016
Full-scale machinery
NH CR 9080 and CR9.90 Combine
35ft Varifeed, 35 ft. Rigid, 36 ft. Draper, and BPU
2014 25-29 May 92 27-Aug 92 24-26 Sep 121
2015 25-May 99 25-Sep 123 21-Oct 150
2016 6-Jun 116 30-Sep 116 27 Oct, 4,5 Nov 143, 151
2014 22-May 107 6-Sep 107 9-11 Oct 141
2015 15-May 103 26-Aug 103 29-Sep 137
2016 17-May 106 30-Aug 105 29 Sep-Oct 1 136
2015 27-May - 3-Sep 99 22-Sep 118
2016 20-21 May - 28-Aug 100 14-15 Sep 117
27-Aug
1-SepSwift Current
Indian Head
Humboldt
30-Sep
6-Sep
26-Aug
31-Aug
N/A
YearLocation Seeding HarvestTray Placement
Environment Loss Swathing
Site Variety Header
Environmental
loss
(bu/ac)
Swift
Current
typical
draper 0.1
rigid 0.1
extended knife 0.1
swath 0.1
shatter
resistant
draper 0.2
rigid 0.2
extended knife 0.2
swath 0.2
Indian
Head
typical
draper 3.5
rigid 3.9
extended knife 3.4
swath 0.1
shatter
resistant
draper 0.9
rigid 0.3
extended knife 0.5
swath 0.1
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
Typical Shatter Resistant Overall
He
ade
r Lo
ss (
bu
/ac)
Canola Variety
Draper Header with Rotary Divider
Rigid Header with Vertical Knife Divider
Extended Knife with Vertical Knife Divider
Extended Knife with Fixed Divider
Header Loss
Negligible pre-harvest losses with pod shatter
reduction varieties used in 2016 (L140P) & 2017
(L233P) trials in MB
Higher environmental and header losses with
hybrid variety (L130P) in SK trial
PAMIwww.pami.ca
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THANKYOU
Contact information
Lorne Grieger, P.Eng.Project Manager, Ag R&D
Email: [email protected]: 204-239-5445 ext. 229Cell: 204-856-3752