pre harvest
Post on 12-Sep-2014
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Those who wish to learn about pre-harvest of farm products,m.m.palitha mahinda munasinghe-Sri LankaTRANSCRIPT
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Why
Cereal grain,Vegetable, Roots and Fruit, are lost on the ground before harvest
PRE HARVEST LOSS
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CARE IT BEFORE CUT
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CONTROL FEELING THIRST
Early Stage Growing Stage Flowering Stage Maturity time
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FEEDING WITH NOURISHMENT
Organic Fertilizer Chemical Fertilizer
Quantity Point in time
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CONTROL THE PESTS
Herbicides Pesticides
Insecticide
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When to Harvest
Harvesting Techniques
Agri - Activities
MAKE A DECISION
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IndexesTraditional Method Recommended
Method
GATHER YIELD
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DECIDE ON YOUR OWN
Traditional Method
• Immature
• Mature(By looking and sampling)
Sight, Touch, Smell, Taste and Resonance
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MAKE YOUR MIND UP
Recommended Method
• Length of life
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HARVEST ON TIME
Crop Length of life
CassavaKirikavadi
18-20 months after planting06 months
Bitter guard 14 days after blooming
Capsicum 70-80 days after planting
Bean 45 days after planting (bush)60 days after planting
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HARVEST ON TIME – contd.
Pumpkin 60 days after blooming
Snake gourd 60-75 days after planting
Lady's finger 50 days after planting
Brinjal 10-12 weeks after planting
Cauliflower 90 days after planting
Beetroot 75-90 days after planting
Onion (red)
do (Kalpitiya)
90-100 days after planting85-90 days after planting
Passion fruit (Yellow)
do (Indigo)
70 days after blooming 90 days after blooming
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Mechanically
Manually
TECHNIQUES OF HARVESTING
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MANUAL HARVESTING
Crop Equipment
High tree fruits With a hook and a catching a bag on a pole
Lettuce, Cabbage, Sweet pepper, Egg-plant, Melons
Knives and Clippers
Leafy vegetables and Bulb crop (Garlic, Onions)
Sharp Knife*
Apples, Citrus, Papaya, Tomatoes, Strawberries, Peas
By hand**
Tuber and root crop Fork or Hoes with or and Lever
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MECHANICAL HARVESTING
Crop Equipment
Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sugar Crane
Reaper binder, Combine Harvester
Tuber and root crop( Potato, Peanuts)
Potato Digger, Inverter
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SAFEGUARDING HARVESTDamp cloths Protection against sun’s
heat
sprinkled with water Maintain leaf turgidity
Field Tent Produce cool and allow ventilation
Drying Remove moisture
Curing Thickening and hardening skins*
Trimming and sorting Protection to head
Prevent damage to other fruits
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AN INTERGRATED PRODUCTION / MARKETING
CHAIN
Inputs
Nurseries
Farm Site
Market
Post harvestFertilizers
Irrigation
Crop Protection
Harvesting
Grading
Packing
Storage
Processing
Production
Transport
Sale Traders
Pre harvest
Crop Production Trends
+ Opportunities
Profit/Loss Prices
Credit
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PATHWAY- CEREAL HARVESTIN
G
THRESHING
CLEANING
DRYINING STORAGE
PACKING
PACKING
GRADING
DRYINING
SALE
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PATHWAY- VEGETABLEHARVESTIN
G
CLEANING
PROCESSING
(DE – HYDRATION) STORAGE
PACKING
PACKING
GRADING
DRYINING
SALE
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PATHWAY- FRUITHARVESTIN
G
CLEANING
PROCESSINGSTORAGE
PACKING
GRADING
SALE
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