Pre transfusion tests

Presentation by Laraib Ayesha

Pre tranfusion test

A number of steps are taken to ensure that patients receive compatible blood at the time of transfusion.

Blood group Indirect antiglobulin test Cross match Antibody screening test

Pre transfusion test from the patients

ABO and Rh blood group is determined.

Serum is selected for important antibodies by an indirect antiglobulin test on a large panel of antigenetically typed group O red cells.

Blood groups

Compatibility of blood groups

blood transfusion to be successful, AB0 and Rh blood groups must be compatible between the donor blood and the patient blood.

If they are not, the red blood cells from the donated blood will clump or agglutinate.

Indirect antiglobulin test

The IAT is done to determine the presence of sensitization of red cells with IgG and/or complement in vitro in the following conditions.1.Compatibility testing.2.Screening and detection of

unexpected antibodies in serum.

Indirect antiglobulin test

Pre transfusion test from the donor

Donor testing Blood group,Rh status HBV and HCV Bacteria all donations tested for antibody to

syphilis. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Cross match

Techniques used in compatibility testing Donor cells tested against recipient serum and agglutination

detected visually and microscopically after mixing and incubation at the appropriate temperature.

Antibody screening

The purpose of antibody screening is to detect RBCs antibodies other than anti-a and anti-B ( also called unexpected antibodies).

Other tests

Electronic cross match Rh D antibody titration Antibody specificity