preconception health annual gynecologist visits nutrition/exercise - ↑ caloric intake by ___ sti...
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Preconception Health
• Annual Gynecologist Visits• Nutrition/Exercise - ↑ caloric intake by ___• STI Prevention/Treatment• Drug/Alcohol Abuse/Use– ______________________– small head, wide
spaced eyes, heart problems, etc.• _________- ↑ intake to help avoid Spina
Bifida
Fertilization & Implantation• Sperm reach egg within ___________• Fertilization usually occurs ______________• 24-30 hours after fertilization genetic material is
joined, forming _______• 36 hours – 2 cells• 48 hours – 4 cells• 4 days – ___________• 7-8 days after fertilization, the blastocyst can attach
to the endometrium• Fetus at ________
Signs and Symptoms of Pregnancy
• Amenorrhea- _____________________• Change in Breast Tissue– _______________________
• Increased __________ of Urination• Fatigue
Signs & Symptoms Continued
• Moodiness• Quickening – ____________________• Braxton-Hicks Contractions – _________________• Acid Reflux – ______________________• Appetite/cravings
Doctor’s Observations
• Change in Reproductive Organs– _______________________
• Fetal Heart Beat Fetal monitor– ____________________
• Fetal Movements• Fetal Outline• Gender Determination It's a boy
Laboratory Tests
• Urine or Blood Testing• Home Pregnancy Tests Doctor will confirm• What do they test for?– ___________________________
• When is the baby due?
Prenatal Care
• A woman should see her doctor after the second missed period– __________– pregnancy, sugar, & protein– Blood Test – pregnancy, RH factor, __________________________________
• Nutrition • ______ using any hormonal contraceptive
methods • Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, drugs
Common Disorders
• ________ _______• Leg Cramp• Varicose Veins• __________________• Flatulence
• ______________• Palpitations • Fainting• Drug and Food
Sensitivity• ____________• Hemorrhoids
Danger Signals During Pregnancy
• Vaginal bleeding• Manifestations of toxemia– ____________ – protein in urine, high BP, swelling
in hands/feet that doesn’t clear– Eclampsia – next stage – ___________________________________________
• Labor contractions• Amniotic Sac breaking• Lower fetal kick count – _____________
Complications
• __________ - Before 25 wks• Premature Birth - ___________________• ________________– Fertilized egg in FT• Placenta Previa – Placenta too low• Premature Placenta Separation – placenta
___________________from uterus• Placenta Abruption – _____________________________
Amniotic Sac
• Also known as ___________• At delivery the sac contains 1-2 quarts of fluid– Helps _________________________– Cushions fetus– Provides a medium – At ________fetal respiration occurs• What is this? – __________
– Amniocentesis – 15-17 wks, taken to check for any _______________
Placenta
• Organ that transports nutrition and oxygen from mother to fetus and transports waste products from fetus to mother– _______ – Food substances to fetus, stores nutrients– Respiration – Brings ___, takes away _____– ______ – Filters out ________ (not viruses) – Hormones – _______, progesterone, gonadotropin
(maintain pregnancy)– _____ – keeps mother’s and _________ blood separate
(blood does not mix)
Umbilical Cord
• Connects the Fetus and ________• Develops at ________• Long semitransparent “rope” containing one
vein and two arteries• Surrounded by jelly-like substance to protect it• What passes through?– Viruses, medications/drugs, alcohol, nicotine, hormones,
etc.
1st Trimester• Weeks 1-12• Zygote – __________• __________ – multi-celled at 4 days, implanted
within 8 days• Embryo – ___________________• At the end of 2nd month-1.2 inches long, the head
represents half of the embryo’s bulk and ____________(eyes, ears, nose, lips, tongue) are present
• The third month – It is now a _____, is about 3 inches, and has nails and genitals can be seen.
2nd Trimester• Beginning of the 4th month• ______ month is the time for the ________ amount
of fetal growth• Quickening begins – What is this?
• End of the 5th month – _____– Head hair and ________________
• The fetus sleeps, wakes, and has preferred body positions
• In the 6th month the body is covered with ____ ____, the eyes become ___________, and it can hear
uterine sounds.
3rd Trimester• The baby begins to position itself for _____• The fetus is much more baby like• By the end of the 7th month the baby can survive
_______________• At the end of the 8th month the fetus is over __ ____, skin redness, and wrinkles lessen.• The _____ reach the end of fingers and toes.• Between week 38-40 the head is _________ _____and the fine hair has almost disappeared being
replaced by vernix (waxy substance)
Different Types of Birth
• _________ –• Caesarean – can be ________ or planned,
reasons?• _______ – Baby’s _____________1st
• Multiple Births– ________ – 1 egg, 1 sperm, Can be same or separate ___– Fraternal – 2 __________________and AS
• _____________– start contractions or break water
Labor
• Begins due to hormonal changes• Early signs– _________ – uterus drops ↓, ______ before
delivery– ______ levels off or ↓ in last 2 wks– Nesting – “setting up the house”
• Actual signs– AS breaking ______________– The appearance of “show”– Contractions ↑ in _________________
Stage One
• Dilation of Cervix– _________of cervix occurs due to the uterine
contractions– Starts with the first contractions– Ends when the cervix is _____
Stage 2
• Actual Delivery of baby– Crowning– __________ – can be done to enlarge vaginal
openingStage 3
Delivery of afterbirth
Apgar Test
• ______________ after birth• The baby is tested on the following and given
a score. 10 is the highest, 7 is determined to be healthy– ___________– Respiration– Muscle tone– ______________– Color