PREGNANCY & CHILDBIRTH

SIGNS OF PREGNANCY

• MISSED PERIOD

• TENDERNESS IN BREAST

• FREQUENT URINATION

• MORNING SICKNESS

PREGNANCY TERM

• IS BASED ON A 40 WEEK DEVELOPMENT

• 10 MONTHS TOTAL• FIRST MONTH WE DON’T COUNT DUE

TO THE FACT OF NOT KNOWING

• REFERRED TO THREE SECTIONS CALLED TRIMESTERS

CELL FORMATION• FERTILIZATION/CONCEPTION IS WHEN

THE SPERM AND THE EGG MEET.• OCCURS IN THE TOP 1/3 PART OF THE

FALLOPIAN TUBES• STARTS AS A ZYGOTE, THEN A

BLASTOCYST. • TRAVELS TOWARDS THE UTERUS

CHROMOSOMES

• EGG CARRIES 23 • SPERM CARRIES 23• TOGETHER MAKE UP 46 CHROMOSONES

IN THE FETUS• MALE CARRIES THE X OR Y• FEMALE CARRIES X• GIRL XX• BOY XY

EMBRYO

• IT IS CALLED AN EMBRYO FROM THE TIME OF IMPLANTATION TO 8 WEEKS

• LENGTH IS 1/3

FETUS• TIME FRAME FROM 8

WEEKS TO BIRTH OF THE BABY

• EVERYTHING FROM THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARMS, FINGER, LEGS, TOES,4 CHAMBERED HEART AND FACIAL FEATURES DEVELOP.

• LENGTH OF THE BABY GOES FROM 1 INCH TO 21 INCHES

TERMINOLOGY• VERNIX: WHITE, WAXY SUBSTANCE THAT

COVERS THE BABY, • ECTOPIC PREGNANCY: IMPLANTATION

OF A FERTILIZED EGG OUTSIDE THE UTERUS

• BRAXTON HICKS: FALSE LABOR PAINS• WOMB: HOUSING UNIT FOR THE FETUS

TERMINOLOGY CONT..• PLACENTA: LARGE DISK LIKE ORGAN

THAT SUPPLIES THE FETUS WITH OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS.

Amniotic Sac

A thin membrane filled with fluid in which the developing baby floats.

Two functions:•Protection•Temperature control

UMBILICAL CORD

• ROPE LIKE STRUCTURE THAT SERVES AS A PASSAGEWAY FOR THE FETUS TO RECEIVE: NUTRIENTS & BLOOD

• ALSO IS THE PASSAGEWAY FOR WASTE TO LEAVE THE FETUS BACK TO THE MOTHER.

PRENATAL CARE• MONITORS THE PROCESS OF PREGNANCY

• WATCHES THE MOTHERS WEIGHT, SUGAR LEVELS, URINE SAMPLES

• MONITORS THE GROWTH OF THE BABY & HEART RATE

• ***SHOULD BEGIN AS SOON AS PREGNANCY IS DETERMINED

MEDICAL SPECIALIST

• OBSTETRICIAN: DOCTOR WHO SPECIALIZES IN CARE OF A PREGNANT WOMEN AND THE DEVELOPING FETUS

• GYNECOLOGIST: DOCTOR WHO SPECIALIZES IN CARE OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

MIDWIFE

• MIDWIFE: REGISTERED NURSE WHO IS TRAINED IN PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH

STAGES OF BIRTH (LABOR)• 1ST STAGE:

• Contractions and dilation of cervix to 10 cm

• 2ND STAGE• BIRTH OF BABY

• 3RD STAGE• BIRTH OF THE

PLACENTA (after-birth)

COMMON MEDICINES

EPIDURAL: A SHOT GIVEN IN THE SPINE TO NUMB THE BODY FROM THE WASTE DOWN.

EPISIOTOMY

• SURGEON WILL CUT THE PERINIUM TO REDUCE THE CHANCE OF TEARING DURING THE BIRTH PROCESS

LAMAZE• BREATHING

METHODS USED DURING THE DELIVERY PROCESS TO REDIRECT THE FOCUS FROM THE PAIN.

MEDICAL TEST

• AMNIOCENTESIS: A REMOVAL OF AMNIOTIC FLUID WITH A NEEDLE FROM THE AMNIOTIC SAC.• USED TO DETECT

CHROMOSOME DISORDERS

MEDICAL TEST CONT…

• ULTRASOUND• TEST USING

SOUNDWAVES TO DEPICT AN IMAGE OF THE DEVELOPING FETUS

• USUALLY PERFORMED AT 10 WEEKS ON

TYPES OF DELIVERIES

• VAGINAL BIRTH: BABY COMES DOWN THROUGH THE BIRTH CANAL

• CESAREAN BIRTH: BIRTH OF THE BABY THROUGH THE ABDOMEN• BREECH BIRTH• HIPS TO SMALL• EMERGENCY ( BABY OR MOM IN DISTRESS)

APGAR SCALE

• IS AN ASSESSMENT TEST ON A SCALE OF 1-10

• PERFORMED BY A PEDIATRICIAN

• 7 OR HIGHER INDICATES BABY IN GOOD CONDITION

• 4 TO 6 BABY MAY NEED ASSISTANCE

• UNDER A 4 BABY MAY NEED LIFE SAVING TECHNIQUES

LACTATION

• ALSO KNOWN AS BREAST FEEDING