Section A

Pegasys 2010

1. Which of the following is an alkali metal?

A. copper B. magnesium C. lithium D. lead

2. Which of the following is a description of a dilute solution?

A. A large quantity of solute dissolved in a small volume of solvent B. A small quantity of solute dissolved in a small volume of solvent C. A small quantity of solute dissolved in a large volume of solvent D. A small volume of a solution which contains a large mass of solute

3. Which of the following is a true statement about air?

A. Air is a compound of nitrogen and oxygenB. Argon makes up approximately 1% of air

C. The most reactive gas in air is nitrogen D. Oxygen makes up approximately 50% of air

4. Which of the following reactions will have the fastest reaction rate?

A. zinc lump added to 1 mol l–1 hydrochloric acid B. magnesium lump added to 1 mol l–1 hydrochloric acid C. zinc powder added to 2 mol l–1 hydrochloric acid D. magnesium powder added to 2 mol l–1 hydrochloric acid

5. Two different ions of 63Cu will have

A. the same number of protons and adifferent number of electrons

B. the same number of neutrons and thesame number of electrons

C. the same number of protons and adifferent number of neutrons

D. the same number of electrons and adifferent number of neutrons

6. The addition of silver(I)nitrate solution to potassium chloride solution produces solid silver(I)chloride and potassium nitrate solution. Which of the following equations represents this reaction?

A. Ag+(aq) + NO3– (aq) + P+(aq)+ Cl– (aq)

Ag+ Cl– (s) + P+(aq) + NO3– (aq)

B. Ag+(aq) + NO3– (aq) + K+(aq)+ Cl– (aq)

Ag+ Cl– (s) + K+(aq) + NO3– (aq)

C. Ag+(s) + NO23– (aq) + K+(aq)+ Cl– (aq)

Ag+ Cl– (s) + K+(aq) + NO23– (aq)

D. Ag+(aq) + NO3– (aq) + K+(aq)+ Cl– (aq)

Ag+ Cl– (s) + K+(aq) + NO3– (aq)

7. ‘A three dimensional array of positive ions held in position by delocalised electrons’ This is a description of

A. covalent bondingB. polar covalent bondingC. ionic bondingD. metallic bonding

8. The formula of sodium sulphate is

A. NaSO4

B. Na2SO4

C. S2SO4

D. SoSO4

Pegasys 2010

9. 05 mole of nitrogen gas has a mass of

A. 14g B. 14g C. 28g D. 28g

10. Which of the following diagrams best represents a diatomic element?

11. Passing electricity through copper(II)chloride solution causes

A. copper ions to move to the positive electrode where they gain one electron.B. chloride ions to move to the positive electron where they gain one electron.C. copper ions to move to the negative electrode where they gain two electrons.D chloride ions to move to the positive electron where they lose two electrons.

12. Which of the following is true for isotopes?

A. They have the same atomic number but a different mass numberB. They have the same atomic number and the same mass numberC. They have the same mass number but a different atomic numberD. They have the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons

13. Which of the following is not a unit of reaction rate?

A. mole l−1

B. mole l−1

s−1

C. s–1 D. g l–1s–1

14. What is the name of the compound with the formula CoCl2

A. cobalt(II)chlorideB. cobalt(I)chlorideC. carbon(II)chlorideD. cobalt(II)carbide

15. Which of the following covalent bonds is not polar?

A. C – OB. C – Cl C. C – FD. C – C

A.

B.

C.

D.

Pegasys 2010

16. The diagram below shows the fractional distillation of crude oil.

Compared to the gasoline fraction, the heavy gas oil fraction

A has a lower viscosity B. has lower flammability C. has a lighter colour D has a lower boiling point 17. The general formula for the homologous series the alkenes is CnH2n. Which of the following could be an alkene?

A CH3CH2CH2CH3

B CH3CH2CCCH3

C CH3CH (CH3)CHCH2

D CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3

18. Using a bunsen burner with the air hole closed to heat water in a beaker causes the bottom of the beaker to be covered in soot. This happens because

A. of incomplete combustion of the gas B. the rough surface of the glass attracts dirt C. very hot glass has a dark appearanceD. carbon dioxide gas is sticking to

the glass

19.

The compound above has an isomer called

A. propene B. cyclobutane C. methylpropane D. pent-2-ene

20. In which of the following pairs do both compounds react with Benedict’s solution? A. fructose and sucroseB. sucrose and starchC. starch and sucroseD. maltose and fructose

Questions 21 and 22 are based on the reaction between ethanoic acid and methanol. 21. One of the products of the above reaction is

A. ethyl ethanoateB. methyl ethanoateC. ethyl methanoateD. methyl methanoate

22. This reaction is an example of

A. hydrolysisB. hydrationC. condensationD. dehydration

Pegasys 2010

23. The conversion of starch into a monosaccharide involves

A. hydrolysis of a natural polymerB. a condensation reactionC. the reverse of respirationD. the cracking of natural polymers

24. The monomer used to produce polypropene has the molecular formula

A. C2H4

B. C3H8

C. C3H6

D. C2H6

25. Fatty acids are produced by

A. the hydrolysis of oilsB. respirationC. the hydrogenation of oilsD. the digestion of protein

26. Protein molecules must contain A. –NH2 groupsB. ester links C. -COOH groupsD. peptide links

27. Which of the following substances is a synthetic polymer used to produce protective body armour?

A. poly(ethenol)B. kevlarC. polystyreneD. biopol

28. C8H18 C4H10 + X

In the above balanced equation the letter X represents

A. C4H10

B. C4H8

C. C2H4

D. C6H6

29. Any monomer which can be used to produce a condensation polymer must contain

A. two reactive functional groupsB. a carboxyl groupC. a hydroxyl groupD. a carbon to carbon unsaturated bond

30. How many ester links are present in a fat molecule?

A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4

Remember to place the answer grid for section A inside your exam paper.

Section B 50 marks are available in this part of the paper.

1. Atoms can be represented as shown below.

19

Fa) Use the representation above and your data booklet to complete the table

below.

2

b) The electron arrangement of fluorine is given in the data booklet as 2,7.

Write the electron arrangement in this form for the fluoride ion.

_________________________________________________________________ 1

c) The relative atomic mass (R.A.M.) of chlorine is 355 yet no chlorine atom actually has a mass of 355 a.m.u. Explain how it is possible to have a fraction in an element’s R.A.M.

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ 1(4)

Pegasys 2010

Protons

Electrons

Neutrons

To syringe

2. Dry carbon monoxide gas can be prepared by passing carbon dioxide gas overhot carbon powder. Any unreacted carbon dioxide can be removed by bubbling

the gas mixture through sodium hydroxide solution and the pure carbon monoxide can be dried by using concentrated sulphuric acid. The carbon monoxide is then collected in a syringe.A pupil made the following diagram of the equipment needed for this experiment.

a) Fill in the missing chemical names in the above diagram 1

b) Why would it be foolish to collect the gas produced by bubbling it through water into a cylinder?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ 1

c) Carbon monoxide must not be allowed to escape into the room. Why is this?

________________________________________________________________ 1 (3)

Pegasys 2010

3. The dissolving of sodium hydroxide in water is an exothermic process.

a) Explain the term exothermic.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________ 1

b) 04 g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in water and the solution was made up to 100 ml. Calculate the concentration of the final solution in mol l-1.

2

c) Sodium hydroxide solution can also be produced by adding sodiummetal to water. The equation below shows this reaction.Balance this equation.

Na + H2O NaOH + H2 1

(4)4. The bonds in a water molecule are polar covalent.

a) What is the difference between polar covalent and a pure covalent bond?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ 1

b) Draw a diagram of a water molecule, showing all the outer energy levelelectrons.

Pegasys 2010

1(2)

5. Polyethene is a widely used polymer. It can be produced as follows:

Crude oil undergoes fractional distillation and the refinery gas fraction is further fractionally distilled to produce ethane. The ethane is then thermally cracked to produce ethene and hydrogen. The hydrogen is piped to a Haber plant where it is reacted with nitrogen to produce ammonia. The ethene then undergoes polymerisation to produce polyethene.

a) Use this information to complete the flow diagram below.

represents aprocess

represents a substance

nitrogen

4b) The nitrogen used in the Haber process is obtained by fractional distillation of

liquid air. What property allows this process to separate the different gases in air?

_________________________________________________________________ 1

c) Use full structural formulae to show a fragment of a polyethene chain containing three repeating units.

Pegasys 2010

1(6)

6. A student was testing three hydrocarbon samples with bromine water.She obtained the following results.

Molecular formula

Reaction with bromine water

A C5H10 No immediate reaction

B C5H12 No immediate reaction

C C5H10 Bromine water decolourised immediately

a) Suggest a name for compound B.

_________________________________________________________________ 1

b) Which structural feature is causing compound C to react immediately withthe bromine water?

_________________________________________________________________ 1

c) Draw the full structural formula of compound A.

1

d) Bromine water is produced by dissolving bromine potassium bromide solution because bromine will not dissolve easily in pure water.Why is this?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ 1 (4)

Pegasys 2010

7. The boiling points of several alkanols are given on page 6 of the data book.

a) Use this information to suggest a value for the boiling point of pentan-1-ol.

________oC 1

b) Alkanols can be dehydrated to produce alkene(s).

i. Name the compound used to dehydrate alkanols.

_________________________________________________________________ 1

ii. If butan-2-ol is dehydrated, two different alkenes are produced.Name and draw the shortened structural formulae for these alkenes.

2c) Ethanol can be oxidised to produce ethanoic acid.

One mole of ethanoic acid can be produced from one mole of ethanol.Calculate the mass of ethanoic acid which can be produced from 2•3g ofethanol.

Pegasys 2010

2 (6)

8. Carbonyls are compounds which contain a carbon to oxygen double bond.There are two different homologous series of carbonyls, namely alkanals andalkanones. The alkanone with four carbons is called butanone.

Alkanal structure Alkanone structure

( R, R’ and R” represent alkyl groups e.g. methyl, ethyl or propyl etc.)

a) Name the alkanone containing two methyl groups.

___________________________________________________________________1

b) The first three members of the alkanal series have the structural formulae

HCHO CH3CHO CH3CH2CHO.

What is the general formula of the alkanals?

1c) Carbonyl compounds can be reduced to the corresponding alkanol as

shown below.

Complete the following equation with the full structural formula of the product(name not required).

Pegasys 2010

1 (3)

9. A pupil used the reaction between sodium persulphate solution and potassiumiodide solution to study the effect of concentration on reaction rate. Iodine is aproduct of this reaction and the reaction time for different concentrations of the persulphate solution was noted by timing when the iodine appeared. This was very difficult because the iodine appeared as a very pale yellow colour. This problem was overcome by using an indicator which reacts with the iodine.

a) i. Name the indicator used.

__________________________________________________________ 1

ii. What colour change would be seen?

__________________________________________________________ 1

Another pupil was investigating the effect of temperature on reaction rate.(P.P.A. 2 unit 1) The reaction used was

Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + S(s) + H2O(l) + SO2(g)

b) Which of the above products causes the reaction mixture to turn cloudy?

________________________________________________________________ 1

c) Identify one of the spectator ion in the above reaction.

________________________________________________________________ 1

d) The pupil obtained the following results for his experiment.

Temperature (oC) Reaction time(s) Reaction rate(s-1) 22 76 0•013 32 0•025 39 32 0•031 49 12 0•083

Pegasys 2010

Calculate the missing reaction time

_________s 1

e) Use the results given in part d) to draw a graph of reaction rate(s-1)versus temperature(oC) on the graph paper below.

2

f) One of the pupils in the class had asthma (a breathing problem). Why would it be advisable for her to stand well back from the reaction mixture?

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________ 1 (8)

Pegasys 2010

10. A shortened version of the periodic table is shown below. Some of the elements have been identified by letters. These letters are not the symbols of these elements.

A C

B D

E F

G H

I

Which letter(s) in the above table represents

a) A monatomic gas which is lighter than air. ____________________ 1

b) Two elements in period 4 ____________________ 1

c) A metallic element in group 4 ____________________ 1

d) Two elements which form a covalent compoundwith tetrahedral shaped molecules ____________________ 1

d) The transition metals are not included in the shortened periodic table shown above. Only one of them is not a metallic solid.Name this element.

Pegasys 2010

______________________________________________________________ 1 (5)

11. Esters and proteins are two classes of compounds formed by condensation reaction(s).

a) Name the other substance produced during these condensation reactions.

__________________________________________________________ 1

b) The diagram below shows the structure of aspirin.

i. What is the molecular mass of aspirin?

__________________________________________________________ 1

ii. Circle, in the structure above, the ester link. 1

c) Proteins are polymers built up from amino acids. These monomers are joined together by peptide links. Draw the full structural formula of a peptide link.

Pegasys 2010

1

d) Hormones are proteins in our bodies. They help regulate many life processes. Name one of these hormones.

__________________________________________________________ 1(5)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Pegasys 2010