prenatal stage of development
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Chapter 4: Prenatal Development and BirthImportance:1. Hereditary endowment is fixed2. Favorable conditions in the
mother’s body3. Proportionally greater growth and
development takes place4. Influence of significant people
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Major Phases of Prenatal DevelopmentScientific term used to describe baby-to-be
Major developments in each period
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I. Germinal Period
Period of the Zygote
8-14 days or Weeks 1-2
Conception until implantation
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Phase
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Germinal Phase
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Germinal Phase
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Period
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Germinal Period
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Implantation
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Implantation
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II. Period of the Embryo When zygote is completely embedded in the uterine wall
Body structures and internal organs develop
3 layers begin to form in the embryo:1. Ectoderm: hair, skin, nervous system2. Mesoderm: muscles, bones, circulatory
system3. Endoderm: digestive system and lungs
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Period of the Embryo
Embryo rests in a sac called amnion amniotic fluid shock-absorbing protection; constant
temperatureChorion: 2nd membrane after about a month of development; helps form the placenta
Weeks 3-8
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Period of the Embryo
3-week old: salamander8-week old: most of the organs found in a mature human are in place; visible eyes, jaw, arms and legs
About 1 inch long and weighs only a fraction of an ounce
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Period of the Embryo
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Period of the Embryo
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Period of the Embryo
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Period of the Embryo
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Period of the Embryo
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III. Period of the Fetus
Weeks 9-38 Much larger and bodily systems begin to work (respiration, digestion, vision)
By 22-28 weeks, most systems function well enough that a fetus has a chance to survive
age of viability
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Period of the Fetus
Distinct baby-like lookMay still have trouble breathing and cannot regulate body temperature yet
Fetus starts to behave as movements become obvious
Begins to hear sounds, taste different flavors
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Period of the Fetus: 3rd Month
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Period of the Fetus: 4th Month
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Period of the Fetus:5th Month
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Period of the Fetus:6th Month
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Period of the Fetus:7th Month
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Period of the Fetus:8th Month
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Period of the Fetus:9th Month
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Changes in a pregnant woman’s body