Government College of Government College of Technology Hyderabad.Technology Hyderabad.

Department of Chemical Department of Chemical TechnologiesTechnologies

Project on Preparation of Project on Preparation of methane gasmethane gas

Submitted By:Submitted By:

Aijaz Ali MooroAijaz Ali Mooro

DAE-IIDAE-II

Chemical TechnologiesChemical Technologies

Methane(CHMethane(CH44) Gas) Gas It is the simplest hydrocarbon.It is known as It is the simplest hydrocarbon.It is known as

Marsh Gas(because it is found in marshy Marsh Gas(because it is found in marshy places).It is the first member of the places).It is the first member of the homologus series.homologus series.

Methane gas shows the green house effect Methane gas shows the green house effect also.One molecule of methane traps 20 also.One molecule of methane traps 20 times more heat radiation than carbon times more heat radiation than carbon dioxide.dioxide.

Laboratory Preparation of Laboratory Preparation of Methane(CHMethane(CH44) Gas) Gas

REACTANT :-Sodium acetate,Sodium REACTANT :-Sodium acetate,Sodium Hydroxide.Hydroxide.

REACTION:REACTION:

CHCH33COONa+NaOH CHCOONa+NaOH CH44( ) + ( ) + NaNa22COCO33

CaO,

Molecular structure of Molecular structure of MethaneMethane

PROCEDURE:PROCEDURE: When Sodium acetate is heated with When Sodium acetate is heated with

soda lime(three parts Calcium oxide, soda lime(three parts Calcium oxide, one part sodium Hydroxide),methane one part sodium Hydroxide),methane gas is produced.Sodium Hydroxide gas is produced.Sodium Hydroxide acts as reactant and Calcium Oxide acts as reactant and Calcium Oxide keeps the gas dry.keeps the gas dry.

A mixture of sodium acetate and soda A mixture of sodium acetate and soda lime are taken in a glass tube and lime are taken in a glass tube and heated. Methane gas is evolved which heated. Methane gas is evolved which is collected by downward is collected by downward displacement of water. The downward displacement of water. The downward displacement method makes other displacement method makes other soluble gases or salts evaporating soluble gases or salts evaporating from the tube to be absorbed. Also it from the tube to be absorbed. Also it must be remembered that methane is must be remembered that methane is insoluble in water, hence the insoluble in water, hence the downward displacement technique downward displacement technique can be usefully employed. can be usefully employed.

Properties of Methane GasProperties of Methane Gas Physical properties of methanePhysical properties of methane Methane (CH4) is an odourless, colourless, tasteless Methane (CH4) is an odourless, colourless, tasteless

gas. It is lighter than air. It is a non-polar molecule gas. It is lighter than air. It is a non-polar molecule and is insoluble in water. It dissolves in non-polar and is insoluble in water. It dissolves in non-polar solvents like alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, etc. solvents like alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, etc.

Chemical properties of methaneChemical properties of methane1. Combustion : methane burns in air with a 1. Combustion : methane burns in air with a blue flame. We have seen earlier that in blue flame. We have seen earlier that in sufficient amount of oxygen, methane burns sufficient amount of oxygen, methane burns to give carbon dioxide and water. In to give carbon dioxide and water. In insufficient oxygen it gives out carbon insufficient oxygen it gives out carbon monoxide. Methane produces a good monoxide. Methane produces a good amount of heat when it undergoes amount of heat when it undergoes combustion. This is the reason why it is combustion. This is the reason why it is used as fuel.used as fuel.2. Reactivity : Methane is quite unreactive, 2. Reactivity : Methane is quite unreactive, except with fluorine, chlorine, etc. With except with fluorine, chlorine, etc. With these it undergoes substitution reactionsthese it undergoes substitution reactions

Uses of Methane GasUses of Methane Gas

Because of its excellent burning, Because of its excellent burning, methane is used as a cooking gas. methane is used as a cooking gas.

Methane is used to produce carbon Methane is used to produce carbon dioxide gas. dioxide gas.

Methane is used to produce carbon Methane is used to produce carbon black used in rubber industries. black used in rubber industries.

Bibliography:Bibliography:1.Web sites www.google.com 1.Web sites www.google.com leading to Image search leading to Image search 2. Website www.wikipedia.org2. Website www.wikipedia.org