prepared by: r.rajendran, m.a., m.sc., m.ed., n.iyngaran, m.sc., m.ed., m.phil., 12 th standard...

Prepared by:R.RAJENDRAN, M.A., M.Sc., M.Ed.,N.IYNGARAN, M.Sc., M.Ed., M.Phil.,

12TH STANDARD PHYSICSNUCLEAR PHYSICS

22

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

1. The atomic nucleus was discovered by ----------------- in

1911.

a) Rutherford

b) Thomson

c) Bohr

d) Chadwick.

33


2. Protons and neutrons inside the nucleus are called -------

a) nuclear forces

b) atomic number

c) nucleons

d) neutral particles.

44


3. The mass of the proton is --------------- times greater than

the mass of the electron.

a) 1386

b) 1886

c) 1836

d) 3186.

55


4. The total number of protons and neutrons is called

---------------- number.

a) atomic

b) mass

c) neutron

d) quantum

66


5. The total number of protons or the total number of

electrons is called ----------------- number.

a) atomic

b) mass

c) neutron

d) quantum

77


6. The atoms of the same element with same atomic number

but different mass number are called ----------------.

a) isotones

b) isobars

c) isotopes

d) none of the above.

88


7. The isotopes have different number of --------------------.

a) electrons

b) photons

c) protons

d) neutrons.

99


8. The --------------- have identical chemical properties.

a) isotones

b) isomers

c) isotopes


1010


9. The atoms of different elements with same mass number

but different atomic number are called ----------.

a) isotones

b) isobars

c) isotopes


1111


10. 8O16 , 7N16 are called --------------------

a) isotones

b) isomers

c) isotopes


1212


11. The isotones of different elements have same number

of --------------------

a) electrons

b) photons

c) protons

d) neutrons.

1313


12. The empirical formula for the nuclear radius is -----------

a) R = ro A⅓

b) R = ro / A⅓

c) R = A⅓ / ro


1414


13. One fermi is ---------------

a) 10-15 m.

b) 10-16 m.

c) 10-10 m.

d) 10-16 m.

1515


14. The mass of one nucleon is approximately

----------------- kg.

a) 1.66 X 10– 27

b) 9.11 X 10– 31

c) 6.623 X 10– 34

d) 1.602 X 10– 19

1616


15. The nuclear density value is ---------------- kg m -3.

a) 1.816 X 10– 17

b) 9.11 X 10– 31

c) 6.623 X 10– 34

d) 1.816 X 1017

1717


16. The charge value one proton is ------------------ C.

a) 1.66 X 10 – 27

b) 9.11 X 10 – 31

c) 6.623 X 10 – 34

d) 1.602 X 10 – 19

1818


17. One twelfth of the mass of the carbon atom (6C12)is

called --------------

a) 1 amu

b) binding energy

c) mass defect

d) critical mass

1919


18. 1 amu = ----------------- kg.

a) 1.66 X 10 – 27

b) 9.11 X 10 – 31

c) 6.623 X 10 – 34

d) 1.602 X 10 – 19

2020


19. The mass of one proton = --------------- amu.

a) 1.009665

b) 1.007772

c) 1.007276

d) 1.008665

2121


20. The mass of one neutron = ------------------ amu.

a) 1.009665

b) 1.007772

c) 1.007276

d) 1.008665

2222


21. 1 eV = --------------- J.

a) 1.66 X 10 – 27

b) 9.11 X 10 – 31

c) 6.623 X 10 – 34

d) 1.602 X 10 – 19

2323


22. The energy equivalent of 1 amu is ----------------- .

a) 913 MeV

b) 931 MeV

c) 319 MeV

d) 193 MeV

2424


23. The binding energy = --------------- X C 2.

a) 1 amu

b) binding energy

c) mass defect

d) critical mass.

2525


24. In BE / A curve, for A < 20, there exists peaks to those

nuclei whose mass numbers are multiples of ---------------.

a) 6

b) 8

c) 4

d) 2

2626


25. Binding energy per nucleon of the iron nucleus is

------------a) 7.6 MeV

b) 8.5 MeV

c) 8.8 MeV

d) 931 MeV.

2727


26. BE/A is about ---------------- for nuclei having mass

numbers ranging between 40 and 120.

a) 7.6 MeV

b) 8.5 MeV

c) 8.8 MeV

d) 931 MeV.

2828


27. BE/A is about ----------- for uranium.

a) 7.6 MeV

b) 8.5 MeV

c) 8.8 MeV

d) 931 MeV.

2929


28. Mass spectrometer is used to find --------------------

a) light spectrum

b) charge

c) isotopic masses

d) velocity

3030


29. In Bainbridge mass spectrometer, ---------------

arrangement selects ions of a particular velocity to come

out of it.

a) velocity selector

b) cyclotron

c) slit

d) cathode

3131


30. The force between the nucleons is called --------------- .

a) gravitational force

b) electrostatic force

c) centripetal force

d) nuclear force.

3232


31. Nuclear force is ---------- times stronger than the

gravitational force.

a) 10 40

b) 10 30

c) 10 10

d) 10 15

3333


32. Nuclear force is strong between nucleons which are

less than ------------------ m.

a) 10 -40

b) 10 -30

c) 10 -10

d) 10 -15

3434


33. Nuclear force is due to the continuous exchange of

the particles called ----------------- .

a) leptons

b) baryons

c) photons

d) mesons

34. Radioactivity was discovered by --------------- in the year

1896.

a) Marie Currie

b) Pierre Curie

c) Rutherford

d) Henri Becquerel.

3535


35. Radium and polonium were discovered by

----------------------

a) Marie Currie

b) Fajans

c) Rutherford

d) Henri Becquerel.

3636


3737


36. The phenomenon of spontaneous emission of αβ , γ

rays by elements having atomic number greater than 82

is called --

a) radioactivity

b) induced radioactivity

c) photo electricity

d) ionisation.

3838


37. The ---------------- is unaffected by any external agent

like pressure, temperature and electric, magnetic fields.

a) radioactivity



d) ionisation.

3939


38. An α particle is a -------------- nucleus.

a) hydrogen

b) nitrogen

c) oxygen

d) helium

4040


39. The ionising power of α rays is -------------- times

greater than the β rays.

a) 1000

b) 10

c) 100

d) 10,000

4141


40. The displacement laws were framed by ------------------- .

a) Marie Currie

b) Soddy and Fajans

c) Rutherford

d) Henri Becquerel

41. Radium is converted into radon in the -------------------

decay.

a) α

b) β

c)

d) δ

4242


4343


42. In βdecay , the atomic number increases by

---------------- . a) 4

b) 2

c) 1

d) 5

4444


43. Theoretically, ---------------- time is needed for the

disintegration of all the radioactive atoms.

a) infinite

b) zero

c) minimum

d) fractional

4545


44. The relation between half life period and the decay

constant is T = --------------

a) 0.6931 / 2 λ

b) 0.6931 / λ

c) 0.6931 / 3 λ

d) 0.6931 / 4 λ

4646


45. The mean life period is ------------------- proportional to

the decay constant.

a) directly

b) directly and inversely

c) inversely

d) none of the above

4747


46. The rate at which the radioactive atoms decay is

called ----

a) Nuclear fission

b) Nuclear fusion

c) activity

d) none of the above

4848


47. 1 becquerel = ------------------disintegration / second

a) 10

b) 1000

c) 100

d) 1

4949


48. The activity of a radioactive substance is generally

expressed in -----------------

a) newton

b) henry

c) curie

d) joule

5050


49. Neutron was discovered by ----------------

a) Newton

b) Henry

c) Curie

d) Chadwick

5151


50. 4 Be 9 + 2 He 4 → 6 C 12 + ------------

a) o n 1

b) 1 H 1

c) 1 H 2

d) 2 He 4

5252


51. Neutrons are the constituent particles of all nuclei,

except ----------------

a) 1 H 3

b) 1 H 1

c) 1 H 2

d) 2 He 4

5353


52. The half life period of an isolated neutron is

----------------- minutes.

a) 10.1

b) 3

c) 13

d) 7

5454


53. The energy of a slow moving neutron is ----------------- .

a) 0 to 1000 eV

b) 0.5 MeV to 10 MeV

c) 2 MeV

d) 5 MeV.

5555


54. The energy of a fast moving neutron is -------------------

a) 0 to 1000 eV

b) 0.5 MeV to 10 MeV

c) 2 MeV

d) 5 MeV.

5656


55. Induced radioactivity was discovered by ------------------

in the year1934.

a) Rutherford & Soddy

b) Chadwick

c) Thomson

d) Irene Curie & Joliot

5757


56. Positron is emitted only in ----------------- radioactivity.

a) radioactivity



d) ionisation.

5858


57. The half life period of 7 N 13* is -------------- minutes.

a) 10.1

b) 3

c) 13

d) 7

5959


58. The half life period of 15 P 30* is ---------------- minutes.

a) 10.1

b) 3

c) 13

d) 7

6060


59. Radio-isotopes can be obtained using the particle

accelerator like ---------------

a) GM counter

b) Cyclotron

c) Mass spectrometer

d) Radio

6161


60. Co 60* is used in the treatment of --------------------

a) checking blood circulation

b) cancer

c) anaemia

d) thyroid glands.

6262


61. Na 24* is used in the treatment of ----------------------- .


b) cancer

c) anaemia

d) thyroid glands.

6363


62. I131* is used in the treatment of ------------------


b) cancer

c) anaemia

d) thyroid glands.

6464


63. Fe 59* is used in the treatment of ------------------


b) cancer

c) anaemia

d) thyroid glands.

6565


64. P 32* is used in the treatment of ----------------------

a) skin diseases.

b) cancer

c) anaemia

d) thyroid glands.

6666


65. The ratio of C14 and C12 atoms in atmosphere is ------

a) 1 : 106

b) 106 : 1

c) 1 : 1015

d) 1 : 1016

6767


66. The half life period of the radio – carbon is ---------------

a) 6550 years

b) 7550 years

c) 5570 years

d) 7570 years

6868


67. The genetic damage is caused by --------------- rays.

a) α

b) β

c)

d) δ

6969


68. If the radiation exposure is --------- , it may cause

diseases like leukemia.

a) 300 R

b) 600 R

c) 100 R

d) 250 mR

7070


69. If the radiation exposure is -------------- , it causes

death.

a) 300 R

b) 600 R

c) 100 R

d) 250 mR

7171


70. Safe limit of receiving the radiations is --------------- per

week.

a) 300 R

b) 600 R

c) 100 R

d) 250 mR

7272


71. The intensity of the radioactive radiation is measured

by the device -------------- .

a) GM counter

b) Cyclotron

c) Mass spectrometer

d) Radio

7373


72. The most probable mass numbers of the fission

fragments lie between ------------------.

a) 110 to 150

b) 80 to 110

c) 95 and 140

d) 40 to 120

7474


73. When 92 U 235 is bombarded with a neutron , the

value of the energy released is ------------.

a) 1000 eV

b) 10 MeV

c) 200 MeV

d) 0.025 eV

7575


74. Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler explained the nuclear

fission by ----------------- model.

a) Thomson atom

b) Rutherford atom

c) nuclear

d) liquid drop

7676


75. Natural uranium consists of ----------- of U238 .

a) 0.28 %

b) 0.72 %

c) 99.28 %

d) 9.28 %

7777


76. Atom bombs were exploded over Nagasaki and

Hiroshima in -------------.

a) India

b) USA

c) Russia

d) Japan

7878


77. Synchrocyclotron can accelerate particles to an

energy of the order of ----------------.

a) 106 eV

b) 103 eV

c) 109 eV

d) 108 eV

7979


78. In PHWR , ---------------- oxide is used as fuel.

a) plutonium

b) thorium

c) silver

d) uranium.

8080


79. The energy value of the thermal neutrons is --------------

a) 1000 eV

b) 10 MeV

c) 200 MeV

d) 0.025 eV

8181


80. Cadmium or boron rods are called as ----------------

rods.

a) shielding

b) reflector

c) moderator

d) control

8282


81. A mixture of beryllium with plutonium is used as a

source of ----------------.

a) protons

b) electrons

c) neutrons

d) photons.

8383


82. The boiling point of liquid sodium is --------------- .

a) 10C

b) 100 C

c) 1000C

d) 10000 C

8484


83. The name of the nuclear reactor in Kalpakkam is

------------- .

a) Yamini

b) Kamini

c) BARC

d) Minmini.

8585


84. The total power generation by all the operating power

rea ctors is ------------- .

a) 270 MW

b) 27700 MW

c) 2770 MW

d) 20770 MW

8686


85. The process of combining two or more number lighter

nuclei to form a heavy nucleus is --------------- .

a) nuclear fission

b) nuclear force

c) nuclear fusion

d) nuclear reaction

8787


86. The principle involved in hydrogen bomb is --------------

a) nuclear fission

b) nuclear force

c) nuclear fusion

d) nuclear reaction

8888


87. The energy radiated per second by the sun is --------- J

a) 3.8 X 1028

b) 3.8 X 1026

c) 3.8 X 1022

d) 3.8 X 1024

8989


88. In sun , hydrogen and helium are in a state called ------

a) photosphere

b) chromosphere

c) thermosphere

d) plasma.

9090


89. In proton – proton cycle fusion, the energy released is

in the order of ------------ .

a) 36.7 MeV

b) 26.7 MeV

c) 16.7 MeV

d) 46.7 MeV.

9191


90. The study of cosmic rays started with ---------------

a) cyclotron

b) GM counter

c) gold leaf electroscope

d) capacitor

9292


91. The intensity of cosmic rays is -------------- at the

equator.

a) maximum

b) zero

c) minimum

d) infinity.

9393


92. The intensity of cosmic rays is maximum at the height

of ------------ km.

a) 42

b) 90

c) 20

d) 30

9494


93. In pair production, the particles produced are -----------

a) electron - proton

b) electron - positron

c) neutron - proton

d) proton - positron

9595


94. The name cosmic rays was given by --------------.

a) Marie Currie

b) Millikan

c) Rutherford

d) Henri Becquerel.

9696


95. The energy of the primary cosmic rays is in the order

of -------------------- .

a) 107 eV

b) 108 eV

c) 109 eV

d) 106 eV

9797


96. The quantum of radiation with no charge and no mass

is called ---------------.

a) electron

b) photon

c) proton

d) neutron.

9898


97. The rest mass of ---------------- vary between 250 me

and 1000 me .

a) electron

b) photon

c) proton

d) mesons

9999


98. The rest mass of the ---------------- vary from 2180 me to

3275 me.

a) hyperons

b) photons

c) protons

d) mesons

100100


99. 1 H 3 + 1 H 2 → 2 He 4 + -------------- + energy.

a) 1 H 1

b) o n 1

c) 1 H 2

d) 1 H 3

101101


100. In GM counter, the potential difference of about -------

is applied through a high resistance of ---------

a) 100 V, 100 MΩ

b) 100 V, 1000 MΩ

c) 1000 V, 100 MΩ

d) 100 V, 10 MΩ

101. The nuclear radius of 4Be8 nucleus is

(a) 1.3 × 10−15 m

(b) 2.6 × 10−15 m

(c) 1.3 × 10−13 m

(d) 2.6 × 10−13 m

102102


102. The nuclei 13Al27 and 14Si28 are example of

(a) isotopes

(b) isobars

(c) isotones

(d) isomers

103103


103. The mass defect of a certain nucleus is found to be

0.03 amu. Its binding energy is

(a) 27.93 eV

(b) 27.93 KeV

(c) 27.93 MeV

(d) 27.93 GeV

104104


104. Nuclear fission can be explained by

(a) shell model

(b) liquid drop model

(c) quark model

(d) Bohr atom model

105105


105. The nucleons in a nucleus are attracted by

(a) gravitational force

(b) electrostatic force

(c) nuclear force

(d) magnetic force

106106


106. The ionisation power is maximum for

(a) neutrons

(b) α – particles

(c) γ – rays

(d) β − particles

107107


107. The half life period of a certain radioactive element

with disintegration constant 0.0693 per day is

(a) 10 days

(b) 14 days

(c) 140 days

(d) 1.4 days

108108


108. The radio-isotope used in agriculture is

(a) 15P31

(b)15P32

(c) 11Na23

(d) 11Na24109109


109. The average energy released per fission is

(a) 200 eV

(b) 200 MeV

(c) 200 meV

(d) 200 GeV

110110


110. The explosion of atom bomb is based on the

principle of

(a) uncontrolled fission reaction

(b) controlled fission reaction

(c) fusion reaction

(d) thermonuclear reaction

111111


111. Anaemia can be diagnosed by

(a) 15P31

(b)15P32

(c) 26Fe59

(d) 11Na24112112


112. In the nuclear reaction 80Hg198 + X → 79Au198 + 1H1,

X-stands for

(a) proton

(b) electron

(c) neutron

(d) deutron

113113


113. In β – decay

(a) atomic number decreases by one

(b) mass number decreases by one

(c) proton number remains the same

(d) neutron number decreases by one

114114


114. Isotopes have

(a) same mass number but different atomic number

(b) same proton number and neutron number

(c) same proton number but different neutron number

(d) same neutron number but different proton number

115115


115. The time taken by the radioactive element to reduce

to 1/e times is

(a) half life

(b) mean life

(c) half life/2

(d) twice the mean life

116116


106. The half life period of N13 is 10.1 minute. Its life time

is

(a) 5.05 minutes (b) 20.2 minutes

(c) minutes (d) infinity

117117


6931.0

1.10

117. Positive rays of the same element produce two

different traces in a Bainbridge mass spectrometer.

The positive ions have

(a) same mass with different velocity

(b) same mass with same velocity

(c) different mass with same velocity

(d) different mass with different velocity118118


118. The binding energy of 26Fe56 nucleus is

(a) 8.8 MeV

(b) 88 MeV

(c) 493 MeV

(d) 41.3 MeV

119119


119. The ratio of nuclear density to the density of

mercury is about

(a) 1.3 × 1010

(b) 1.3

(c) 1.3 × 1013

(d) 1.3 × 104

120120


prepared by: r.rajendran, m.a., m.sc., m.ed., n.iyngaran, m.sc., m.ed., m.phil., 12 th standard...

Documents