Prepared By:SHIKHA . PATEL (T-13EC040)

SUBJECT EME

TOPIC ENERGY

EnergyThe various sources of energy can be

listed as follows: 1.Fossil fuels 2.Nuclear fuels 3.Hydel energy 4.Sun(Solar energy) 5.Wind(Wind energy) 6.Tidal energy 7.Geothermal energy 8.Biomass and bio-fuels

Energy from fossil fuel

Classification of fuel

1. According to nature

of their existence

2. According to nature

of their origin

Solid

Liquid

Gaseo

us Natural fuels

Artificial fuels

Solid

Natural Artificial Wood Peat Lignite coal Bituminous cool Anthracite cool

Cock Char coal Briquettes coal Pulverized coal

(1)

Details of wood and coke

woodIt is natural fuels and most commonly used as a domestic fuels. In some case it is used as industrial fuel for boiler furnace. The disadvantages of using wood as a fuel are its large moisture content and lower gross calorific value.

cokeCoke is produced by reducing volatile matter of bituminous coal. It is hard ,brittle and porous. it consists of carbon , mineral matter with 2%sulphur and small quantities of hydrogen , nitrogen and phosphorus . It is smokeless and clear fuel.

Liquid

Natural Artificial Petroleum Gasoline

Diesel Light diesel oil Kerosene Heavy fuel oil Alcohol Tar Shale oil

Details of petroleum and tar

Petrol It is lightest and most volatile fuel. It is mainly used for light petrol engine. Petrol comes out at 65 c to 220c by distillation of crude oil.

Tar

It is important by product obtained during manufacturing of coal gas.When it is redistilled , important fuel like benzene is produced.

Gaseous

NaturalArtificial

Natural gas Liquefied Natural Gas

(LNG)

Petroleum gas Producer gas Coal gas Coal-over gas Blast furnace gas LPG CNG Sever gas Water gas

Details of natural gas and lpg

Natural gasIt consists of mainly methane and with small quantities of ethane , propane and hydrocarbon. It is found in upper part of petroleum field , under the earth ‘s surface. It is used for domestic and industrial heating.

LPGLPG is colorless petroleum gas. It is natural derivative of both natural gas and crude oil. The main component gases of LPG are propane and butane or a combination of these two constituent.

Natural fuels

They occur in nature.

They are also known as primary fuels.

(2)

Artificial fuels

They are prepared by further processing of

primary fuels.

They are also known as secondary fuels.

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