pres15 - motmor protection 2-02
TRANSCRIPT
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7/29/2019 Pres15 - Motmor Protection 2-02
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Suggestion on How to Use
Industry Trainers are encouraged to use thismaterial in their sessions
Download both the PowerPoint file (.ppt) and script
file (.pdf) Print the script file (.pdf) and read the script as you
view the PowerPoint presentation in the SlideShow view. In this way you see the slides in largeformat and have animation (if there is any)
Must have PowerPoint and Adobe Readerapplication software on your system.
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Motor and MotorCircuit Protection
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
Agenda
Motor Circuit Characteristics
Protection from Overcurrents Motor Circuit Requirements
Sizing OCPDs
Back-up Overload Protection
Type 2 Protection
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
How does a motor operate?
Starting
Normally
What do we protect against?
Overload
Short-Circuit
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor InrushCurve
InrushCurrent
Normal
OperatingCurrent
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300 %Overload
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
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ShortCircuit
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
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Motor CircuitRequirements(NEC)
430.101
Disconnecting means
430.52 Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit
430.32
Overload Protection
To Supply
M
Motor
Branch
Motor
Overload
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
NEC 430.102
Location(Of Disconnecting Means)
(A) In sight from Controller Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit Disconnect
(B) In sight from Motor
Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit Disconnect
Manual Motor Controller Suitable as Motor Disconnect Exceptions provided if (A) is lockable in open position.
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Barrier, wall or islewith an obstruction
Lockable
Disconnecting
Means
1999 NECCode
Controller
M
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In sight motordisconnecting meansrequired per 430.102(B)
Barrier, wall or islewith an obstruction
In sight (of controller)disconnecting means
ahead of controller
required per
430.102(A)
2002 NECCode Change
Controller
M
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
NEC 430.52
Branch-Circuit Short-Circuit Protection
(B) Must handle starting current
(C) Rating or Setting
(1) Table 430.52
Exception 1: Next Higher size is permitted if the values from
table 430.52 do not correspond to a standard size
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
Table 430.52 Maximum Rating
Non time-
delay
Fuse1
Dual-Element
(Time-Delay) Fuse
Instantaneous Trip
Breaker
Inverse
Time
Breaker
300% 175% 800% 250%
1Non-Time-Delay also applies toClass CC fuses
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
NEC 430.52(C)(1) Exception 2: If Motor Unable to Start, then size according to following:
Then Use Next Smaller Size .
400%300%225%400%
Inverse
Time
Breaker10
0A
Dual-Element
(Time-Delay) FuseNon time-
delay
Fuse1
300%
601-6000A
Fuse
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection NEC 430.32 (Overload Protection)
(a) More than 1 Horsepower.
(1) A separate overload device that is responsive to
motor current. This device shall be selected to trip orrated at no more than the following percent of the motornameplate full-load current rating.
Motors with a marked service factor 1.15 or greater -
125%
Motors with a marked temperature rise 40 C or less -125%
All other motors -
115%
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MOTOR CIRCUITDEVICES
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
What OCPD(s) can beused in a motor circuit?
Fuse
Circuit Breaker
MCP
Overload relay
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100
10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor InrushCurve
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
MCP at
minimum
setting
1000
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Motor InrushCurve
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
MCP at
minimum
setting
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
MCP at
maximum
setting
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
MCP at
maximum
setting
1000
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300 %
Overload
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
MotorDamage
Curve
1000
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MotorDamage
Curve
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
1000
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MotorDamage
Curve
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MCP at
maximum
setting
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
15A Circuit
Breaker
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
15A Circuit
Breaker
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
15A Circuit
Breaker
1000
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NON-2 Amp
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
NON-2 Amp
1000
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Current in Amperes
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
NON-5 Amp
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
NON-5 Amp
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
NON-5 Amp
1000
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1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Overload
Relay
1000
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000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
Overload
Relay
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
Overload
Relay
1000MCP t
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MCP at
maximum
setting
MotorDamage
Curve
Overload
Relay
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
15A Circuit
Breaker
Overload
Relay
1000
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Overload
Relay
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
NON-5 Amp
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
FRN-R-1-6/10
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Motor Inrush
Curve
FRN-R-1-6/10
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
FRN-R-1-6/10
Motor and Motor Circuit
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
Optimal Branch Circuit Protection (Back-up OverloadProtection):
125% or up of FLA - FRN/FRS
130% or up of FLA- LPN/LPS
150% or up of FLA- LPJ
200% or up of FLA- LP-CC
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
FRN-R-1-8/10
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
MotorDamage
Curve
FRN-R-1-8/10
Overload
Relay
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
300 %
Overload
MotorDamage
Curve
FRN-R-1-8/10
Overload
Relay
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Single-Phasing
Single phasing is the opening of one phase of athree phase circuit.
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Primary Single Phasing
Primary wire broken by:
Storm - Wind - Ice - Sleet - Hail - Lightning
Vehicle or Plane Striking Pole Falling Tree Limbs
Construction Mishaps
Primary wire burned out from short-circuit createdby animals(i.e. squirrel to ground)
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Primary Single Phasing
Defective contacts on primary breaker - failure tomake up on all 3 poles.
Failure of 3 shot automatic reclosers to make upon all 3 poles.
Open pole on 3 auto. voltage tap changer
Open winding in one phase of transformer
Primary fuse open
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Primary Single Phasing
Normal Condition
M
1.4 A
1.4 A
1.4 A
208V 1/3 HP Motor 40 C
F.L.A. = 1.4 Amperes
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Primary Single Phasing
Single Phase Condition
M
1.61 A
3.22 A
1.61 A
208V 1/3 HP Motor 40 C
F.L.A. = 1.4 Amperes
(230%)
(115%)
Assume one phase lost on the primary side of transformer.
(115%)
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Secondary Single Phasing
Damaged Motor Starter Contact - One Pole Open
Burned open overload relay (heater)
Damaged switch or circuit breaker on the main,feeder, or branch circuit.
Open fuse or open pole in breaker on main,feeder, or branch circuit.
Open cable or bus on secondary of transformerterminals
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Secondary Single Phasing
Open cable caused by overheated lug onsecondary side-connection to service head.
Open connection in wiring such as in motorjunction box (caused by vibration) or any pull box
Open winding in motor
Open winding in one phase of transformer winding
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Secondary Single Phasing
Normal Condition
M
1.4 A
1.4 A
1.4 A
208V 1/3 HP Motor 40 C
F.L.A. = 1.4 Amperes
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Secondary Single Phasing
Single Phase Condition
M
0 A
2.4 A
2.4 A
208V 1/3 HP Motor 40 C
F.L.A. = 1.4 Amperes
(173%)
(173%)
Contacts on one phase are worn out resulting in an open circuit
1000
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100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Secondary
SinglePhasing
MotorDamage
Curve
FRN-R-1-6/10
1000
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Secondary
SinglePhasing
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10 100 10001
Timein
Seconds
Current in Amperes
Overload
Relay
MotorDamage
Curve
FRN-R-1-8/10
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What about shortcircuit protection for a
motor circuit?
Motor and Motor Circuit
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
Short Circuit Condition
CurrentSource M
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If we size the overcurrentprotective device
according to NEC430.52 will we protect themotor circuit components
from a short circuit?
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TYPE 1 PROTECTION
vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2
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TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
What is Type 1 and Type 2 Protection?
IEC 947-4-1 Standard
Type 1 Protection(Damage)
UL 508 Listing
Type 2 Protection(No Damage)
Type 2 Tables from Manufacturer
TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2
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TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
Type 1 Protection:
Requires that, under short-circuit conditions, thecontactor or starter shall cause no danger to persons orinstallation and may not be suitable for further servicewithout repair and replacement of parts.
Similar to UL 508 requirements
TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2
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TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
Type 2 Protection:
Requires that, under short-circuit conditions, thecontactor or starter shall cause no danger to persons orinstallation and shall be suitable for further use. Therisk of contact welding is recognized, in which case themanufacturer shall indicate the measure to be taken asregards the maintenance of the equipment.
T 2 P t ti T bl
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Type 2 Protection Tables
TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2
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TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
Does NEC require Type 2 protection?
TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2
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TYPE 1 vs. TYPE 2PROTECTION
NEC section 110.10:
The overcurrent protective device, the total impedance,the component short-circuit current rating, and other
characteristics of the circuit to be protected shall beselected and coordinated to permit the circuit-protectivedevices used to clear a fault to do so without extensivedamage to the electrical components of thecircuitListed products applied in accordance with
their listing shall be considered to meet therequirements of this section.
TYPE 2 PROTECTION
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TYPE 2 PROTECTION
Why Is Total Protection Important?
Maximum Safety To Personnel And Equipment
Minimum Cost To Stay In Service
Maximum Productivity From The Equipment
Motor and Motor Circuit
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Motor and Motor CircuitProtection
Overload Protection
Overload Relay
Fuses for Backup
Short Circuit Protection
Fuse, Circuit Breaker, MCP
Type 2 Protection(No Damage)